湖北省天门外校2024届高三起点考试英语试卷

湖北省天门外校2024届高三起点考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
1．（2019高三上·天门开学考）阅读理解
Do you want to do some
volunteer work while exploring Africa Then join in our 21-Day Flagship Program.
Step onto the flat, sandy land of Ghana, and you'll immediately hear the
laughter of children everywhere. This laughter will be the constant of your
trip and a steady source of energy while you volunteer among one of Africa s
kind communities.
Community Service
Volunteer in primary schools,
working with children of different ages to help improve their English skills, tutor
those who might be falling behind and contribute to each school's needs, including
making improvements to the facilities. Split your time between teaching and
campus refurbishment (翻修) projects to serve every
aspect of the school, and learn all about education in Ghana.
Hands-on Learning
Participate in
workshops such as batik cloth dyeing (蜡染),
drumming, dancing and crash courses in the native language, Ewe or Krobo.
You'll be given a Ghanaian name by the local chief of your village, and visit a
seamstress (女裁缝) to have custom clothing made out of
colorful fabrics you purchase. On the 21-Day Flagship Program, you'll hear
about the nation's history as a center of the slave trade, and visit Fort
Prinzenstein to truly understand the weight of this topic.
Adventure
You'll also experience
the natural surroundings of Ghana with a beautiful waterfall hike: On your 21-Day
Flagship Program, go on a two-night trip where you'll get to visit a monkey
shelter.
Lodging
Global Leadership
Adventures (GLA) operates two Home Bases for the 21-day program. Both are located
outside of the capital city of Accra in rural village settings. Accommodations
are basic, but clean and safe. Students sleep in rooms with roommates, and have
access to shared bathrooms with cold-water showers.
Dates
June 26-July 16, 2019
July 9-July 29, 2019
July 20-August9, 2019
Duration: 21 days
Tuition: $5,399
Community Service
Hours: 60
For more information, please
call 1-858-771-0645 or send an email to info@.
（1）Which of the following is a requirement for participants
A．Being able to speak English well.
B．Being strong and over 18 years old.
C．Knowing a lot about education in Ghana.
D．Having done similar volunteer work before.
（2）What can be done at Fort Prinzenstein
A．Learning to play drums.
B．Visiting a custom clothing factory.
C．Learning about the nation's past history.
D．Choosing a Ghanaian name for yourself.
（3）What would participants have to do when joining in the program
A．Stay in Ghana for three weeks.
B．Accompany monkeys for two nights.
C．Pay 5,399 dollars for the waterfall hike.
D．Do volunteer work for at most 40 hours.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个在加纳既能旅游了解当地文化,又能当志愿者的项目。
（1）考查推理判断。根据Community Service部分中的“ Volunteer in primary schools, working with children of different ages to help improve their English skills”可知,该项目的参与者英语要好。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Hands-on Learning部分中的“ you'll hear about the nation's history as a center of the slave trade, and visit Fort Prinzenstein to truly understand the weight of this topic” 可知,在 FortPrinzenstein人们可以了解这个国家的过往历史。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据“Duration:21 days”可知,该项目的参与者要在加纳待三周的时间，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．（2019高三上·天门开学考）阅读理解
Going back to school
can be an anxious time for many students. But one institution in Texas is doing
its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and inspired to
learn.
Through a process
called the "bathroom inspiration project," teachers and
administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the
school's restrooms by painting motivational murals (壁画) on each of the stalls (小隔间).Forming
messages like "Your mistakes don't define you" and "Scatter (撒播) kindness," the brightly colored words are exactly what a
young student needs to see when having a rough day-or any school day for that
matter. And now that classes are officially in session, people are already
noticing a positive impact.
Since posting photos
of upgrades to the school in July, Principal Joshua Garcia says that the alterations
have aroused a great response.
"Students have
been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some
even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the
murals," he says." I think what makes this small little action so
valuable is that it has set the tone for our campus."
And not only is that
important to students, parents, and fellow staff, but it is also vital for the school's
new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time
in which trust is so necessary for schools.
"Being new to the
campus, I think the parents were able to see how much I value their children
and have their best interest at heart," Garcia continues. "I have had
many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate
and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here. These
murals have put trust back in the campus and its teachers, and by doing so we
are able to build a culture in which our students want to be here and learn."
（1）What has happened at Warren Middle School
A．Painting has become popular among most students.
B．Some students have suffered great anxiety at school.
C．Its toilets have been beautified with inspiring words.
D．Motivational murals have been made in each classroom.
（2）What does the underlined word "alterations" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Rules. B．Arguments. C．Changes. D．Opportunities.
（3）What's students and parents' attitude toward those murals
A．Negative. B．Ambiguous. C．Uninterested. D．Supportive.
（4）What does Garcia intend to do according to the text
A．Reduce increasing anxiety.
B．Build an artistic atmosphere.
C．Create a trusting environment.
D．Introduce a new culture to society.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，德克萨斯州的一所中学绘制卫生间文化墙,用正能量的语言激励学生,从而获得学生和家长的一致好评。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Through a process called the ‘bathroom inspiration project,' teachers and administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the school's restrooms by painting motivational murals on each of the stalls Forming messages like ‘Your mistakes don't define you' and ‘Scatter kindness,'”可知,该中学用励志语言美化了卫生间的每一个小隔间。故选C。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“doing its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and inspired to learn”；以及第二段中的“ Since posting photos of upgrades to the school”和“have aroused a great response ”可推知,该校别具一格的特色改变引起了大家的关注。故alterations在此意为“改变”，选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Students have been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the murals ”以及最后一段中的“I have had many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here ”可推知,学生和家长对学校的这一举措持支持态度，故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“it is also vital for the school's new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time in which trust is so necessary or schools”以及最后一段中的“These murals have put trust back in the campus ”可推知,校长Garcia希望创建一个家长对学校充满信任的大环境。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．（2019高三上·天门开学考）阅读理解
Throughout much of
human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were
divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were
equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of
grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass.
The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a
carob (角豆树) seed.
The sizes of similarly
named units could also differ. The king's foot, used in France for nearly
1,000 years after its
introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm,around a centimeter
shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek,Egyptian and
Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a
few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where
there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at
the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former
measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to
nearly 6 km in the south.
Although John Wilkins,
an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668,it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The
Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better
known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries
except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up
yet.
At a meeting in
Versailles, France, on November 16th,2018,the world's measurement bodies are
almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base
SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the
metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly precisely,
which would mean that from May 20th 2019 the constants will
themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the
world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as
precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow.
（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．Pound went before libra in measurement.
B．Different things used to be adopted as measures.
C．Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.
D．Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.
（2）How does the author develop the second paragraph
A．In time order. B．By analysis.
C．In space order. D．By comparison.
（3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement
A．France. B．Liberia. C．America. D．Myanmar.
（4）What will the world's measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles
A．They will come up with seven new SI units.
B．They will set May 20th as a new international festival.
C．They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.
D．They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会,将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义,其中包括对千克的重新定义。
（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“man has been the measure of many, if not all, things ”以及下文提到的用作计量单位的手、脚、谷物重量和参考角豆种子重量的磅可知,本段主要讲述了不同的东西被用作计量单位。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The king's foot ...around a centimetre shorter than the Belgic foot ”和 “Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos”以及“The lieue(former measure of distance),for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south”可推知,本段作者主要运用了对比的写作方法,把同一计量单位在不同国家之间或者在同一国家不同区域间的差异进行了说明，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“it was the French who in 1799 made it law”和“The Système International d'Unités(SI,or the metric system, as it is better known)developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States ”可知,在所给出的四个国家中,只有法国采用国际单位制(SI)。国际单位制是现时世界上最普遍采用的标准度量衡单位系统,采用十进制进位系统，故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th,2018,the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units...will follow the other three...in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants” 可知,在法国凡尔赛宫召开的会议上,七个基本计量单位中的四个将被重新定义,其中包括对千克的重新定义。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
阅读理解
After a morning hike in the Saneum HealingForest,46-year-old firefighter Kang Byoung-wook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽),and makes a picture with dried flowers. He is one of 40 firefighters taking part in a three-day program, the aim of which is to offer"forest healing" (森林治愈);the firefighters all have posttraumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍).
Saneum is one of three official healing forests in South Korea. Soon there will be 34 more. South Koreans-many of whom suffer from work stress, digital addiction, and great academic pressure have accepted the medicalization of nature with great enthusiasm.
There is increasing evidence that being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us. But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly Fewer and fewer, it seems. According to Lisa Nisbet, a psychology professor at Canada s Trent University, evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it.
"We don't think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness," says Nisbet."We think other things will, like shopping or TV."But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion.
So what are some of the benefits of nature that Nisbet refers to Being surrounded by nature has one obvious effect: It calms us and reduces our stress levels. This has been shown to lower blood pressure and heart rates.
Another experiment conducted by psychologist Stephen Kaplan found that people who took a 50-minute walk in a park had better attention and short-term memory than those who took a walk along a city street.
Perhaps what's more surprising is that nature may also make us more creative. David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, showed as much with a group of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problem-solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.
In fact, we may never know exactly what nature does to the brain. Something mysterious will always remain, and maybe that' s as it should be.
4．What is Kang Byoung-wook doing
A．Getting lost in nature.
B．Building up his strength.
C．Trying to control a forest fire.
D．Helping firefighters under stress.
5．What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors
A．It is overlooked by people.
B．It has nothing to do with happiness.
C．South Koreans show great interest in it.
D．We need more evidence for its benefits.
6．What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find
A．It affects people's feelings.
B．It lowers the risks of diseases.
C．It helps improve mental performance.
D．It does more good than physical exercise.
7．What would be the best title for the text
A．Your life in forests
B．Your brain on nature
C．The future of forest healing
D．The benefits of a stress-free life
【答案】4．A
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由韩国患创伤后应激障碍的消防员接受森林治愈谈起，介绍了大自然对我们身心健康的益处。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Kang Byoung-wook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽),and makes a picture with dried flowers."可知,Kang Byoung-wook正在接受森林治愈:品茶、做瑜伽、做手工。 他完全沉浸在大自然之中。故选A。
5．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"‘We don't think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness,' says Nisbet.‘ We think other things will, like shopping or TV.'"可知Lisa Nisbet认为现在的人们不认为户外活动是增加幸福感的一种方式。而是觉得购物或看电视才会增加幸福感。即可推知Lisa Nisbet认为户外活动被现代人忽视了。故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的"had better attention and short-term memory "可知 Stephen Kaplan的研究发现亲近大自然可以提高注意力和短期记忆力，也就是说提高了大脑的工作效率。故选C。
7．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了森林治愈和大自然对于人类健康尤其是大脑工作效率和减缓压力方面的益处，"我们对自然的思考"符合文章的主旨，适合做文章的标题，故选B。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
8．（2019高三上·天门开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Helpful
tips for college-bound seniors
Researching a college
is one of the most time-consuming tasks that you'll encounter.　 　For example, what classes and facilities
the college has to offer, and what sports it offers. After narrowing your
choices to a group of colleges, you'll have to start to research these in
depth.　 　He
or she may be able to help you find things about the colleges that you could
not get yourself.
Knowing what you want
to study is another key to looking for a college.　 　By knowing what I want to do, I can then
look at colleges that I've been thinking about applying to and narrow my
choices down. If a college doesn't have the courses I need, then it's
definitely out of the picture.
Another key thing to
look for is the college's testing requirements.　 　 Some colleges also require an SAT II
test in certain areas, for example English or Math. Remember to look at a
college's GPA requirements, too. You may find a college where there's
everything you want, but your GPA isn't high enough to be considered. In this
case you may need to attend a junior college for one or two years.
　 　At this point you may
want to have a long discussion with your parents, and find out how much they're
willing and able to spend on college. If it isn't enough to cover your full
tuition, then you may want to apply for financial aid or a scholarship. And your
final option maybe looking for a college that doesn't cost as much.
A.
All colleges require an SAT or an ACT test.
B.
And lastly, but definitely not the least, is tuition.
C.
Look for a college now if you plan on attending one.
D.
You need to find out many basics about possible colleges.
E.
If you will be a senior in the near future, this article is for you.
F.
I plan to major in business management and minor in computer applications.
G.
If you have a college counselor at your school, this would be a good time to
ask for advice.
【答案】D；G；F；A；B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就“高中毕业生如何选择适合自己的大学”，作者提出了几点建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Researching a college is one of the most time-consuming tasks that you'll encounter.”研究一所大学是你会遇到的最耗时的任务之一。以及空后举例中的 “what classes and facilities”和 “what sports” 可知,D. find out many basics about possible colleges承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后的“He or she may be able to help you find things about the colleges that you could not get yourself.”他或者她可能会帮助你在大学里找到了你无法得到的东西。可知,G项中的ask for advice与其语意一致，且下文中的He or she呼应G项中的a college counselor。故选G。
3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要涉及的是上大学所要选的专业。根据空后的“By knowing what I want to do ”可知,F.I plan to major in business management and minor in computer applications符合语境，故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段的主要内容是关于各个大学所要求的各种测试成绩。 根据空前“testing requirements”和空后“Some colleges also require an SAT.II test”可知,A项中的SAT和test是解题关键。故选A。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后的 “how much they're willing and able to spend on college”和 “full tuition” 可知,B项中的tuition与之语意一致，且是文章的结尾段，故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was an extraordinarily busy time of year. I felt some 9． to head straight home after a long meeting. So I headed to the 10． nearby for some therapeutic (治疗性的)hiking. As I reached the top and admired the view, my unclear mind 11． .Re-energized, I knew that I could deal with the 12． that waited for me upon my 13． .When I arrived back in the office the next day, I was full of energy, and finished my work 14． .
It was almost 20 years ago that I learned how 15． it is for me to carve out time to escape to the wild. I had finished my Ph.D., 16． soil and water conservation in Honduras, but I wasn't sure what 17． I wanted to have. So, I decided to act on a dream I had been n ursing for a few years, 18． my mom showed me a magazine article about a man who had 19． around America. I figured that I could 20． cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.
So I did it. During the cycling 21． , I found the clearness I needed to 22． my next career move. Talking with farmers I met along the way, I learned that their biggest 23． was selling their produce. I decided to broaden my 24． from land management to improving farmers' access to markets. My 25． interest led to working for a nongovernmental organization and I did eventually 26． a book on. American agriculture.
The 27． is to find your source of inspiration and make good use of it. For me, I always get nourishment(营养)from being 28． in the outdoors.
9．A． pressure B． danger
C． shame D． embarrassment
10．A． forest B． park C． hospital D． mountain
11．A． calmed B． wandered C． developed D． appeared
12．A． meeting B． change C． work D． time
13．A． reply B． return C． relaxatio D． recovery
14．A． successfully B． casually C． anxiously D． constantly
15．A． strange B． important
C． difficult D． interesting
16．A． continuing B． choosing C． studying D． supporting
17．A． tour B． book C． career D． major
18．A． unless B． if C． though D． since
19．A． run B． cycled C． drive D． flown
20．A． combine B． compare C． replace D． practise
21．A． competition B． history C． performance D． trip
22．A． insist on B． put dow
C． figure out D． learn from
23．A． challenge B． progress C． adventure D． sacrifice
24．A． experience B． focus C． discussion D． search
25．A． deep B． particular C． personal D． new
26．A． buy B． borrow C． publish D． notice
27．A． reason B． problem C． result D． key
28．A． active B． alone C． confident D． brave
【答案】9．A；10．D；11．A；12．C；13．B；14．A；15．B；16．C；17．C；18．D；19．B；20．A；21．D；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．C；27．D；28．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己的故事，告诉读者户外运动可以提供动力和能量供给，帮助人们成功应对各种难题。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
9．句意：在一个长长的会议后，我感觉到直接回家有点压力。A. pressure"压力"；B. danger"危险"；C. shame"羞愧"；D. embarrassment"尴尬"。根据上文"an extraordinarily busy time of year"以及空后"a long meeting"可推测，繁忙的工作给作者带来了压力。故选A。
10．句意：因此，我前往附近的山上进行治疗性徒步旅行。A. forest"森林"；B. park"公园"；C. hospital"医院"；D. mountain"山脉"。根据下文"the top"可推测,作者去了附近的一座山徒步旅行。故选D。
11．句意：当我到达山顶，欣赏了风景之后，我不清楚的大脑冷静下来了。A. calmed"冷静"；B. wandered"漫步"；C. developed"发展"；D. appeared"出现"。根据下文"Re-energized"可知，登高望远后，作者冷静了下来。故选A。
12．句意：充满了活力，我知道我可以回去处理那些等着我回去完成的工作。A. meeting"会议"；B. change"改变"；C. work"工作"；D. time"时间"。根据下文"finished my work"提示，可知此处指回去完成工作。故选C。
13．句意：充满了活力，我知道我可以回去处理那些等着我回去完成的工作。A. reply"回答"；B. return"返回"；C. relaxation"放松"；D. recovery"恢复"。根据下文"arrived back in the office"可知，这里指作者回办公室以后。故选B。
14．句意：当我第二天回到办公室后，我充满了能量，成功地完成了我的工作。A. successfully"成功地"；B. casually"随便地"；C. anxiously"不安地"；D. constantly"不断地"。根据空前"full of energy"可推测，作者能量满满，成功地完成工作。故选A。
15．句意：就是在20年前，我知道了挤出时间去亲近大自然对我来说很重要。A. strange"奇怪的"；B. important"重要的"；C. difficult"困难的"；D. interesting"有趣的"。根据语境，户外运动为作者提供动力和能量供给，帮助作者成功应对各种难题，因此挤出时间亲近大自然对作者很重要。故选B。
16．句意：我取得了博士学位，并且在洪都拉斯研究了土壤和水，但我却不知道自己想从事什么职业。A. continuing"继续"；B. choosing"选择"；C. studying"学习"；D. supporting"支持"。根据空后"soil and water conservation in Honduras"是在解释说明作者的博士研究方向，故选C。
17．句意：我取得了博士学位，并且在洪都拉斯研究了土壤和水，但我却不知道自己想从事什么职业。A. tour"旅游"；B. book"书籍"；C. career"事业，职业"；D. major"专业"。根据下文"worked out my next career step"可知，作者取得博士学位后，并不确定将来从事什么职业。故选C。
18．句意：所以，我决定实现一个梦想，这是我培养了几年的梦想，因为我妈妈给我看了一篇关于一个骑自行车环游美国的男人的杂志文章。 A. unless"除非"；B. if"如果"；C. though"尽管"；D. since"自从，因为"。作者心里多年的梦想，是在妈妈给作者看了一篇杂志上的文章以后滋生的。上下文为因果关系。故选D。
19．句意：所以，我决定实现一个梦想，这是我养了几年的梦想，因为我妈妈给我看了一篇关于一个骑自行车环游美国的男人的杂志文章。A. run"跑"；B. cycled"骑自行车"；C. driven"驾驶"；D. flown"飞行"。下根据下文"cycling"提示，可知是骑自行车。故选B。
20．句意：我想我可以把骑自行车和研究结合起来，写一本关于美国农业的书，同时制定我职业生涯的下一步。A. combine"结合"；B. compare"比较"；C. replace"替代"；D. practice"练习"。由于作者当时并不清楚自己将来想做什么,所以他想将骑车旅行和自己专业相关的研究结合起来，故选A。
21．句意：在自行车之旅中，我弄清楚了我需要的明确性，以确定我的下一个职业发展方向。A. competition"竞争"；B. history"历史"；C. performance"表现"；D. trip"旅行"。根据上文"I figured that I could 12 cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step."可知,作者在骑车旅行。故选D。
22．句意：在自行车之旅中，我发现了我需要的明确性，以确定我的下一个职业发展方向。A. insist on "坚持"；B. put down"记下"；C. figure out"想清楚"；D. learn from"向……学习"。根据上文"worked out my next career step"可知，作者在旅行中想清楚了自己下一步做什么。故选C。
23．句意：在与沿途遇到的农民交谈时，我了解到他们最大的挑战是销售农产品。A. challenge"挑战，难题"；B. progress"进步"；C. adventure"冒险"；D. sacrifice"牺牲"。根据下文 improving farmers' access to markets 可推测,农民最大的难题是卖农产品。故选A。
24．句意：我决定将我的关注点从土地管理扩大到改善农民进入市场的机会。A. experience"经历"；B. focus"集中，关注点"；C. discussion"讨论"；D. search"搜索"。根据空后"improving famers' access to markets"可推测，农民最大的难题是卖农产品，因此作者决定除了原有的研究领域外，扩大自己的关注点，帮助农民开拓市场。故选B。
25．句意：我的新兴趣促使我为一个非政府组织工作，最终我确实借了一本关于美国农业的书。A. deep "深的"；B. particular"特别的"；C. personal"私人的，个人的"；D. new"新的"。根据上文"improving farmers' access to markets"可知，这是作者的新兴趣。故选D。
26．句意：我的新兴趣促使我为一个非政府组织工作，最终我确实借了一本关于美国农业的书。A. buy "购买"；B. borrow"借"；C. publish"出版"；D. notice"注意到"。根据上文" research for a book on American agriculture "可知,作者最终如愿以偿,成功出版了图书。故选C。
27．句意：关键是找到你的动力来源并充分利用它。A. reason"理由"；B. problem"问题"；C. result"结果"；D. key"关键"。结合上文可知，作者通过自身的经历告诉大家,找到动力来源并好好利用很关键。故选D。
28．句意：对我来说，我总是从户外活动中获得营养。A. active"活跃的"；B. alone"独自的"；C. confident"自信的"；D. brave"勇敢的"。根据上文可知,作者积极投身户外,获得源源不断的动力和能量供给。故选A。
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分满分15分）
29．（2019·黑龙江模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A few people have lucid (清醒的) dreams, in 　 　 the dreamer is aware they're
dreaming and can control the experience. Some others can learn 　 　 (have) lucid dreams. The practice can be used to deal with
frightening dreams. However, its potential has been limited by it often 　 　 (be) so hard to achieve. Now, researchers have developed the most
effective method yet for promoting lucid dreams.
The researchers let 121 adults aged 19 to
75 pick something 　 　 (see)in a previous dream.
It was called a "dreamsign" that can serve 　 　 a reminder to become lucid when met again. The 　 　 (volunteer) were then handed capsules. Each person got a
high-dose (大剂量的) capsule, a low-dose capsule and a placebo (无效对照剂) capsule, but they couldn't tell which was which. On three
occasions, they woke in 　 　 middle of the night, took a
capsule, imagined their dreamsign and went back to sleep. The high dose was
most effective, causing lucid dreams in 42 per cent of participants. About 27
per cent 　 　 (report) lucid dreams with
the low dose and 14 per cent after taking the placebo capsule.
The potential applications are 　 　 (excite). "This new method has the success rate we need to
be able to 　 　 (proper) do research on
lucid dreaming," says Denholm Aspy at the University of Adelaide in
Australia.
【答案】which；to have；being；seen；as；volunteers；the；reported；exciting；properly
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一个研究清醒梦的新方法有望用来帮助人们应对噩梦。
（1）考查定语从句。“in+设空处”引导非限制性定语从句修饰lucid dreams，且在从句中作状语，故填which。
（2）考查非谓语动词。 learn to do sth.固定短语，“学着做某事”，故填to have。
（3）考查非谓语动词。设空处作by的宾语，且it与be之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填being。
（4）考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语修饰something, see与something之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且see所表示的动作已完成，故填seen。
（5）考查介词。serve as固定短语，“起……的作用”，故填as。
（6）考查名词。volunteer为可数名词，根据上文的121 adults和本句中的系动词were可知，此处用volunteer的复数，故填volunteers。
（7）考查冠词。in the middle of the night固定短语，“在半夜”中间需要定冠词，故填the。
（8）考查时态。根据上文语境可知研究发生在过去，即report表示的动作发生在过去用一般过去时，故填reported。
（9）考查形容词。设空处作表语，且修饰The potential applications，指物，故用-ing结尾的形容词。故填exciting。
（10）考查副词。设空处修饰动词do，故填副词properly。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，名词，冠词，时态，形容词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
30．（2019高三上·天门开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(^)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I
once get a VIP pass to a huge concert given by one of the most popular rock
bands in world. The ticket qualified me to meet all the member of the band
backstage but to watch the whole process of setting up for the concert. The
guitarist was a man whom was very kind. I did not have much anxiety while getting
to know them better, but the rest were more of reserved. They just smiled and
made friend gestures. Anyway, watching the stage being set up and all the
microphones being checking, I understood how hard it was to putting on a
stadium concert. It took hours of preparation to produce quality sound.
【答案】①get →got ②world前加the ③member →members ④but →and ⑤whom →who/that ⑥them →him ⑦more of reserved 去掉of ⑧friend →friendly ⑨checking →checked ⑩putting →put
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参观乐队准备音乐会的经历。
（1）考查时态，句意：有一次我拿到了一张参加世界上最受欢迎的摇滚乐队之一的大型音乐会的贵宾票。根据副词once，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，因此get 改为got 。
（2）考查冠词。句意：有一次我拿到了一张参加世界上最受欢迎的摇滚乐队之一的大型音乐会的贵宾票。in the world固定短语，“在世界上”，因此world前加the 。
（3）考查名词。句意：这张票使我有资格在后台会见乐队的所有成员以及观看音乐会的整个筹备过程。member是可数名词，根据前面的all，可知用复数，因此member 改为members。
（4）考查连词。 句意：这张票使我有资格在后台会见乐队的所有成员以及观看音乐会的整个筹备过程。前后是并列关系，不是转折关系，因此but改为and 。
（5）考查定语从句。句意： 吉他手是个非常和善的人。这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a man，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who/that，所以whom 改为who/that。
（6）考查代词。句意：在更好地了解他的同时，我没有太多的焦虑，但其他的人都比较保守。 此处指代的是吉他手，因此them 改为him 。
（7）考查形容词。句意：在更好地了解他的同时，我没有太多的焦虑，但其他的人都比较保守。 reserved形容词，“保守的”，与more构成比较急，因此of是多余的，故去掉of ，
（8）考查形容词。句意： 他们只是笑了笑，做了友好的手势。形容词修饰名词gestures，作定语，故friend 改为friendly。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：不管怎样，看舞台布置和麦克风检查，我明白举办一场体育场音乐会有多难。 此处是现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语，因此checking 改为checked。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：不管怎样，看舞台布置和麦克风检查，我明白举办一场体育场音乐会有多难。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，因此putting 改为put。
【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，时态，名词，连词，定语从句，代词，形容词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
31．（2019高三上·天门开学考）假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友David是中国功夫的爱好者，你得知今年七月你所在的城市将举办一次国际功夫比赛。请你用英语给他写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加，要点包括：
1）比赛的时间和地点
2）比赛的目的
3）参加比赛的益处
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear David,
How is everything going
I will accompany you during the competition. I'm
looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
How
is everything going I'm writing to tell you that the 12th International
Kung Fu Competition will be held in Daqing from July 20th to 24th at Daqing
Gymnasium.
As we
know, kung fu is an important part of Chinese culture and has become
increasingly popular at home and abroad. This event aims to further expand the
influence of kung fu worldwide. The organizers hope people will feel the charm
of kung fu in this competition.
I
know you are kung fu amateur. Are you interested in taking part in the event
You will be able to appreciate high-level kung fu performances and communicate
with people sharing the same interest from all over the world. You can also
improve your techniques.
I
will accompany you during the competition. I'm looking forward to hearing from
you.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份，给澳大利亚朋友David写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加今年七月你所在的城市将举办的国际功夫比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）比赛的时间和地点；2）比赛的目的；3）参加比赛的益处。考生要根据内容提示，适当发挥，要使用适当的词汇，连接词和高级句型表达所给要点。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁。根据情景的发展，按顺序安排好材料。同时适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I'm writing to tell you that the 12th International Kung Fu Competition will be held in Daqing from July 20th to 24th at Daqing Gymnasium.运用了不定式作目的状语和宾语从句； As we know, kung fu is an important part of Chinese culture and has become increasingly popular at home and abroad. 运用了非限制性定语从句和并列句；The organizers hope people will feel the charm of kung fu in this competition.和 I know you are kung fu amateur. 运用了宾语从句。
1 / 1湖北省天门外校2024届高三起点考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
1．（2019高三上·天门开学考）阅读理解
Do you want to do some
volunteer work while exploring Africa Then join in our 21-Day Flagship Program.
Step onto the flat, sandy land of Ghana, and you'll immediately hear the
laughter of children everywhere. This laughter will be the constant of your
trip and a steady source of energy while you volunteer among one of Africa s
kind communities.
Community Service
Volunteer in primary schools,
working with children of different ages to help improve their English skills, tutor
those who might be falling behind and contribute to each school's needs, including
making improvements to the facilities. Split your time between teaching and
campus refurbishment (翻修) projects to serve every
aspect of the school, and learn all about education in Ghana.
Hands-on Learning
Participate in
workshops such as batik cloth dyeing (蜡染),
drumming, dancing and crash courses in the native language, Ewe or Krobo.
You'll be given a Ghanaian name by the local chief of your village, and visit a
seamstress (女裁缝) to have custom clothing made out of
colorful fabrics you purchase. On the 21-Day Flagship Program, you'll hear
about the nation's history as a center of the slave trade, and visit Fort
Prinzenstein to truly understand the weight of this topic.
Adventure
You'll also experience
the natural surroundings of Ghana with a beautiful waterfall hike: On your 21-Day
Flagship Program, go on a two-night trip where you'll get to visit a monkey
shelter.
Lodging
Global Leadership
Adventures (GLA) operates two Home Bases for the 21-day program. Both are located
outside of the capital city of Accra in rural village settings. Accommodations
are basic, but clean and safe. Students sleep in rooms with roommates, and have
access to shared bathrooms with cold-water showers.
Dates
June 26-July 16, 2019
July 9-July 29, 2019
July 20-August9, 2019
Duration: 21 days
Tuition: $5,399
Community Service
Hours: 60
For more information, please
call 1-858-771-0645 or send an email to info@.
（1）Which of the following is a requirement for participants
A．Being able to speak English well.
B．Being strong and over 18 years old.
C．Knowing a lot about education in Ghana.
D．Having done similar volunteer work before.
（2）What can be done at Fort Prinzenstein
A．Learning to play drums.
B．Visiting a custom clothing factory.
C．Learning about the nation's past history.
D．Choosing a Ghanaian name for yourself.
（3）What would participants have to do when joining in the program
A．Stay in Ghana for three weeks.
B．Accompany monkeys for two nights.
C．Pay 5,399 dollars for the waterfall hike.
D．Do volunteer work for at most 40 hours.
2．（2019高三上·天门开学考）阅读理解
Going back to school
can be an anxious time for many students. But one institution in Texas is doing
its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and inspired to
learn.
Through a process
called the "bathroom inspiration project," teachers and
administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the
school's restrooms by painting motivational murals (壁画) on each of the stalls (小隔间).Forming
messages like "Your mistakes don't define you" and "Scatter (撒播) kindness," the brightly colored words are exactly what a
young student needs to see when having a rough day-or any school day for that
matter. And now that classes are officially in session, people are already
noticing a positive impact.
Since posting photos
of upgrades to the school in July, Principal Joshua Garcia says that the alterations
have aroused a great response.
"Students have
been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some
even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the
murals," he says." I think what makes this small little action so
valuable is that it has set the tone for our campus."
And not only is that
important to students, parents, and fellow staff, but it is also vital for the school's
new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time
in which trust is so necessary for schools.
"Being new to the
campus, I think the parents were able to see how much I value their children
and have their best interest at heart," Garcia continues. "I have had
many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate
and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here. These
murals have put trust back in the campus and its teachers, and by doing so we
are able to build a culture in which our students want to be here and learn."
（1）What has happened at Warren Middle School
A．Painting has become popular among most students.
B．Some students have suffered great anxiety at school.
C．Its toilets have been beautified with inspiring words.
D．Motivational murals have been made in each classroom.
（2）What does the underlined word "alterations" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Rules. B．Arguments. C．Changes. D．Opportunities.
（3）What's students and parents' attitude toward those murals
A．Negative. B．Ambiguous. C．Uninterested. D．Supportive.
（4）What does Garcia intend to do according to the text
A．Reduce increasing anxiety.
B．Build an artistic atmosphere.
C．Create a trusting environment.
D．Introduce a new culture to society.
3．（2019高三上·天门开学考）阅读理解
Throughout much of
human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were
divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were
equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of
grains of wheat to define (定义) their units of mass.
The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a
carob (角豆树) seed.
The sizes of similarly
named units could also differ. The king's foot, used in France for nearly
1,000 years after its
introduction by Charlemagne in around 790 AD, was, at 32.5cm,around a centimeter
shorter than the Belgic foot, used in England until 1300.Greek,Egyptian and
Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a
few kilos, Nor was there agreement on such things within countries. In France, where
there was no unified (统一的) measurement system at
the national level, the situation was particularly terrible. The lieue (former
measure of distance), for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to
nearly 6 km in the south.
Although John Wilkins,
an Englishman, first put forward a decimal system (十进制) of measurement in 1668,it was the French who in 1799 made it law. The
Système International d'Unités (SI, or the metric system, as it is better
known) developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries
except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States. Now the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures in Paris is set to give the metric system its biggest shake-up
yet.
At a meeting in
Versailles, France, on November 16th,2018,the world's measurement bodies are
almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base
SI units, including the kilogram, will follow the other three, including the
metre, in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants (物理常数).Each of the chosen constants has been measured incredibly precisely,
which would mean that from May 20th 2019 the constants will
themselves be fixed at their current values for ever. Any laboratory in the
world will then be able to measure, for example, the mass of an object as
precisely as the accuracy of their equipment will allow.
（1）What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．Pound went before libra in measurement.
B．Different things used to be adopted as measures.
C．Grains were accepted as measures by the Romans.
D．Fixed measurement systems were gradually formed.
（2）How does the author develop the second paragraph
A．In time order. B．By analysis.
C．In space order. D．By comparison.
（3）Which of the following countries used SI as an official measurement
A．France. B．Liberia. C．America. D．Myanmar.
（4）What will the world's measurement bodies achieve at the meeting held in Versailles
A．They will come up with seven new SI units.
B．They will set May 20th as a new international festival.
C．They will redefine four SI units including the kilogram.
D．They will decide on a new measure used in the laboratory.
阅读理解
After a morning hike in the Saneum HealingForest,46-year-old firefighter Kang Byoung-wook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽),and makes a picture with dried flowers. He is one of 40 firefighters taking part in a three-day program, the aim of which is to offer"forest healing" (森林治愈);the firefighters all have posttraumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍).
Saneum is one of three official healing forests in South Korea. Soon there will be 34 more. South Koreans-many of whom suffer from work stress, digital addiction, and great academic pressure have accepted the medicalization of nature with great enthusiasm.
There is increasing evidence that being outside in a pleasant natural environment is good for us. But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly Fewer and fewer, it seems. According to Lisa Nisbet, a psychology professor at Canada s Trent University, evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it.
"We don't think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness," says Nisbet."We think other things will, like shopping or TV."But South Korea is starting to challenge this opinion.
So what are some of the benefits of nature that Nisbet refers to Being surrounded by nature has one obvious effect: It calms us and reduces our stress levels. This has been shown to lower blood pressure and heart rates.
Another experiment conducted by psychologist Stephen Kaplan found that people who took a 50-minute walk in a park had better attention and short-term memory than those who took a walk along a city street.
Perhaps what's more surprising is that nature may also make us more creative. David Strayer, a psychologist at the University of Utah, showed as much with a group of participants, who performed 50 percent better on creative problem-solving tasks after three days of wilderness backpacking.
In fact, we may never know exactly what nature does to the brain. Something mysterious will always remain, and maybe that' s as it should be.
4．What is Kang Byoung-wook doing
A．Getting lost in nature.
B．Building up his strength.
C．Trying to control a forest fire.
D．Helping firefighters under stress.
5．What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors
A．It is overlooked by people.
B．It has nothing to do with happiness.
C．South Koreans show great interest in it.
D．We need more evidence for its benefits.
6．What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find
A．It affects people's feelings.
B．It lowers the risks of diseases.
C．It helps improve mental performance.
D．It does more good than physical exercise.
7．What would be the best title for the text
A．Your life in forests
B．Your brain on nature
C．The future of forest healing
D．The benefits of a stress-free life
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
8．（2019高三上·天门开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Helpful
tips for college-bound seniors
Researching a college
is one of the most time-consuming tasks that you'll encounter.　 　For example, what classes and facilities
the college has to offer, and what sports it offers. After narrowing your
choices to a group of colleges, you'll have to start to research these in
depth.　 　He
or she may be able to help you find things about the colleges that you could
not get yourself.
Knowing what you want
to study is another key to looking for a college.　 　By knowing what I want to do, I can then
look at colleges that I've been thinking about applying to and narrow my
choices down. If a college doesn't have the courses I need, then it's
definitely out of the picture.
Another key thing to
look for is the college's testing requirements.　 　 Some colleges also require an SAT II
test in certain areas, for example English or Math. Remember to look at a
college's GPA requirements, too. You may find a college where there's
everything you want, but your GPA isn't high enough to be considered. In this
case you may need to attend a junior college for one or two years.
　 　At this point you may
want to have a long discussion with your parents, and find out how much they're
willing and able to spend on college. If it isn't enough to cover your full
tuition, then you may want to apply for financial aid or a scholarship. And your
final option maybe looking for a college that doesn't cost as much.
A.
All colleges require an SAT or an ACT test.
B.
And lastly, but definitely not the least, is tuition.
C.
Look for a college now if you plan on attending one.
D.
You need to find out many basics about possible colleges.
E.
If you will be a senior in the near future, this article is for you.
F.
I plan to major in business management and minor in computer applications.
G.
If you have a college counselor at your school, this would be a good time to
ask for advice.
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was an extraordinarily busy time of year. I felt some 9． to head straight home after a long meeting. So I headed to the 10． nearby for some therapeutic (治疗性的)hiking. As I reached the top and admired the view, my unclear mind 11． .Re-energized, I knew that I could deal with the 12． that waited for me upon my 13． .When I arrived back in the office the next day, I was full of energy, and finished my work 14． .
It was almost 20 years ago that I learned how 15． it is for me to carve out time to escape to the wild. I had finished my Ph.D., 16． soil and water conservation in Honduras, but I wasn't sure what 17． I wanted to have. So, I decided to act on a dream I had been n ursing for a few years, 18． my mom showed me a magazine article about a man who had 19． around America. I figured that I could 20． cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.
So I did it. During the cycling 21． , I found the clearness I needed to 22． my next career move. Talking with farmers I met along the way, I learned that their biggest 23． was selling their produce. I decided to broaden my 24． from land management to improving farmers' access to markets. My 25． interest led to working for a nongovernmental organization and I did eventually 26． a book on. American agriculture.
The 27． is to find your source of inspiration and make good use of it. For me, I always get nourishment(营养)from being 28． in the outdoors.
9．A． pressure B． danger
C． shame D． embarrassment
10．A． forest B． park C． hospital D． mountain
11．A． calmed B． wandered C． developed D． appeared
12．A． meeting B． change C． work D． time
13．A． reply B． return C． relaxatio D． recovery
14．A． successfully B． casually C． anxiously D． constantly
15．A． strange B． important
C． difficult D． interesting
16．A． continuing B． choosing C． studying D． supporting
17．A． tour B． book C． career D． major
18．A． unless B． if C． though D． since
19．A． run B． cycled C． drive D． flown
20．A． combine B． compare C． replace D． practise
21．A． competition B． history C． performance D． trip
22．A． insist on B． put dow
C． figure out D． learn from
23．A． challenge B． progress C． adventure D． sacrifice
24．A． experience B． focus C． discussion D． search
25．A． deep B． particular C． personal D． new
26．A． buy B． borrow C． publish D． notice
27．A． reason B． problem C． result D． key
28．A． active B． alone C． confident D． brave
四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分满分15分）
29．（2019·黑龙江模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A few people have lucid (清醒的) dreams, in 　 　 the dreamer is aware they're
dreaming and can control the experience. Some others can learn 　 　 (have) lucid dreams. The practice can be used to deal with
frightening dreams. However, its potential has been limited by it often 　 　 (be) so hard to achieve. Now, researchers have developed the most
effective method yet for promoting lucid dreams.
The researchers let 121 adults aged 19 to
75 pick something 　 　 (see)in a previous dream.
It was called a "dreamsign" that can serve 　 　 a reminder to become lucid when met again. The 　 　 (volunteer) were then handed capsules. Each person got a
high-dose (大剂量的) capsule, a low-dose capsule and a placebo (无效对照剂) capsule, but they couldn't tell which was which. On three
occasions, they woke in 　 　 middle of the night, took a
capsule, imagined their dreamsign and went back to sleep. The high dose was
most effective, causing lucid dreams in 42 per cent of participants. About 27
per cent 　 　 (report) lucid dreams with
the low dose and 14 per cent after taking the placebo capsule.
The potential applications are 　 　 (excite). "This new method has the success rate we need to
be able to 　 　 (proper) do research on
lucid dreaming," says Denholm Aspy at the University of Adelaide in
Australia.
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
30．（2019高三上·天门开学考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(^)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I
once get a VIP pass to a huge concert given by one of the most popular rock
bands in world. The ticket qualified me to meet all the member of the band
backstage but to watch the whole process of setting up for the concert. The
guitarist was a man whom was very kind. I did not have much anxiety while getting
to know them better, but the rest were more of reserved. They just smiled and
made friend gestures. Anyway, watching the stage being set up and all the
microphones being checking, I understood how hard it was to putting on a
stadium concert. It took hours of preparation to produce quality sound.
六、书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
31．（2019高三上·天门开学考）假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友David是中国功夫的爱好者，你得知今年七月你所在的城市将举办一次国际功夫比赛。请你用英语给他写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加，要点包括：
1）比赛的时间和地点
2）比赛的目的
3）参加比赛的益处
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear David,
How is everything going
I will accompany you during the competition. I'm
looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个在加纳既能旅游了解当地文化,又能当志愿者的项目。
（1）考查推理判断。根据Community Service部分中的“ Volunteer in primary schools, working with children of different ages to help improve their English skills”可知,该项目的参与者英语要好。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Hands-on Learning部分中的“ you'll hear about the nation's history as a center of the slave trade, and visit Fort Prinzenstein to truly understand the weight of this topic” 可知,在 FortPrinzenstein人们可以了解这个国家的过往历史。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据“Duration:21 days”可知,该项目的参与者要在加纳待三周的时间，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，德克萨斯州的一所中学绘制卫生间文化墙,用正能量的语言激励学生,从而获得学生和家长的一致好评。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Through a process called the ‘bathroom inspiration project,' teachers and administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the school's restrooms by painting motivational murals on each of the stalls Forming messages like ‘Your mistakes don't define you' and ‘Scatter kindness,'”可知,该中学用励志语言美化了卫生间的每一个小隔间。故选C。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“doing its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and inspired to learn”；以及第二段中的“ Since posting photos of upgrades to the school”和“have aroused a great response ”可推知,该校别具一格的特色改变引起了大家的关注。故alterations在此意为“改变”，选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Students have been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the murals ”以及最后一段中的“I have had many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here ”可推知,学生和家长对学校的这一举措持支持态度，故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“it is also vital for the school's new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time in which trust is so necessary or schools”以及最后一段中的“These murals have put trust back in the campus ”可推知,校长Garcia希望创建一个家长对学校充满信任的大环境。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，法国凡尔赛宫举办的国际计量大会,将对目前使用的国际单位制中的四个基本单位进行重新定义,其中包括对千克的重新定义。
（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“man has been the measure of many, if not all, things ”以及下文提到的用作计量单位的手、脚、谷物重量和参考角豆种子重量的磅可知,本段主要讲述了不同的东西被用作计量单位。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The king's foot ...around a centimetre shorter than the Belgic foot ”和 “Greek, Egyptian and Babylonian versions of water in a fixed container varied from one another by a few kilos”以及“The lieue(former measure of distance),for example, varied from just over 3 km in the north to nearly 6 km in the south”可推知,本段作者主要运用了对比的写作方法,把同一计量单位在不同国家之间或者在同一国家不同区域间的差异进行了说明，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“it was the French who in 1799 made it law”和“The Système International d'Unités(SI,or the metric system, as it is better known)developed from it and became the official measurement in all countries except Myanmar, Liberia and the United States ”可知,在所给出的四个国家中,只有法国采用国际单位制(SI)。国际单位制是现时世界上最普遍采用的标准度量衡单位系统,采用十进制进位系统，故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“At a meeting in Versailles, France, on November 16th,2018,the world's measurement bodies are almost certain to approve a decision that will mean four out of the seven base SI units...will follow the other three...in being redefined in terms of the values of physical constants” 可知,在法国凡尔赛宫召开的会议上,七个基本计量单位中的四个将被重新定义,其中包括对千克的重新定义。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】4．A
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由韩国患创伤后应激障碍的消防员接受森林治愈谈起，介绍了大自然对我们身心健康的益处。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Kang Byoung-wook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽),and makes a picture with dried flowers."可知,Kang Byoung-wook正在接受森林治愈:品茶、做瑜伽、做手工。 他完全沉浸在大自然之中。故选A。
5．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"‘We don't think of being outdoors as a way to increase happiness,' says Nisbet.‘ We think other things will, like shopping or TV.'"可知Lisa Nisbet认为现在的人们不认为户外活动是增加幸福感的一种方式。而是觉得购物或看电视才会增加幸福感。即可推知Lisa Nisbet认为户外活动被现代人忽视了。故选A。
6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的"had better attention and short-term memory "可知 Stephen Kaplan的研究发现亲近大自然可以提高注意力和短期记忆力，也就是说提高了大脑的工作效率。故选C。
7．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了森林治愈和大自然对于人类健康尤其是大脑工作效率和减缓压力方面的益处，"我们对自然的思考"符合文章的主旨，适合做文章的标题，故选B。
8．【答案】D；G；F；A；B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就“高中毕业生如何选择适合自己的大学”，作者提出了几点建议。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Researching a college is one of the most time-consuming tasks that you'll encounter.”研究一所大学是你会遇到的最耗时的任务之一。以及空后举例中的 “what classes and facilities”和 “what sports” 可知,D. find out many basics about possible colleges承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后的“He or she may be able to help you find things about the colleges that you could not get yourself.”他或者她可能会帮助你在大学里找到了你无法得到的东西。可知,G项中的ask for advice与其语意一致，且下文中的He or she呼应G项中的a college counselor。故选G。
3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要涉及的是上大学所要选的专业。根据空后的“By knowing what I want to do ”可知,F.I plan to major in business management and minor in computer applications符合语境，故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段的主要内容是关于各个大学所要求的各种测试成绩。 根据空前“testing requirements”和空后“Some colleges also require an SAT.II test”可知,A项中的SAT和test是解题关键。故选A。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后的 “how much they're willing and able to spend on college”和 “full tuition” 可知,B项中的tuition与之语意一致，且是文章的结尾段，故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
【答案】9．A；10．D；11．A；12．C；13．B；14．A；15．B；16．C；17．C；18．D；19．B；20．A；21．D；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．C；27．D；28．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己的故事，告诉读者户外运动可以提供动力和能量供给，帮助人们成功应对各种难题。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
9．句意：在一个长长的会议后，我感觉到直接回家有点压力。A. pressure"压力"；B. danger"危险"；C. shame"羞愧"；D. embarrassment"尴尬"。根据上文"an extraordinarily busy time of year"以及空后"a long meeting"可推测，繁忙的工作给作者带来了压力。故选A。
10．句意：因此，我前往附近的山上进行治疗性徒步旅行。A. forest"森林"；B. park"公园"；C. hospital"医院"；D. mountain"山脉"。根据下文"the top"可推测,作者去了附近的一座山徒步旅行。故选D。
11．句意：当我到达山顶，欣赏了风景之后，我不清楚的大脑冷静下来了。A. calmed"冷静"；B. wandered"漫步"；C. developed"发展"；D. appeared"出现"。根据下文"Re-energized"可知，登高望远后，作者冷静了下来。故选A。
12．句意：充满了活力，我知道我可以回去处理那些等着我回去完成的工作。A. meeting"会议"；B. change"改变"；C. work"工作"；D. time"时间"。根据下文"finished my work"提示，可知此处指回去完成工作。故选C。
13．句意：充满了活力，我知道我可以回去处理那些等着我回去完成的工作。A. reply"回答"；B. return"返回"；C. relaxation"放松"；D. recovery"恢复"。根据下文"arrived back in the office"可知，这里指作者回办公室以后。故选B。
14．句意：当我第二天回到办公室后，我充满了能量，成功地完成了我的工作。A. successfully"成功地"；B. casually"随便地"；C. anxiously"不安地"；D. constantly"不断地"。根据空前"full of energy"可推测，作者能量满满，成功地完成工作。故选A。
15．句意：就是在20年前，我知道了挤出时间去亲近大自然对我来说很重要。A. strange"奇怪的"；B. important"重要的"；C. difficult"困难的"；D. interesting"有趣的"。根据语境，户外运动为作者提供动力和能量供给，帮助作者成功应对各种难题，因此挤出时间亲近大自然对作者很重要。故选B。
16．句意：我取得了博士学位，并且在洪都拉斯研究了土壤和水，但我却不知道自己想从事什么职业。A. continuing"继续"；B. choosing"选择"；C. studying"学习"；D. supporting"支持"。根据空后"soil and water conservation in Honduras"是在解释说明作者的博士研究方向，故选C。
17．句意：我取得了博士学位，并且在洪都拉斯研究了土壤和水，但我却不知道自己想从事什么职业。A. tour"旅游"；B. book"书籍"；C. career"事业，职业"；D. major"专业"。根据下文"worked out my next career step"可知，作者取得博士学位后，并不确定将来从事什么职业。故选C。
18．句意：所以，我决定实现一个梦想，这是我培养了几年的梦想，因为我妈妈给我看了一篇关于一个骑自行车环游美国的男人的杂志文章。 A. unless"除非"；B. if"如果"；C. though"尽管"；D. since"自从，因为"。作者心里多年的梦想，是在妈妈给作者看了一篇杂志上的文章以后滋生的。上下文为因果关系。故选D。
19．句意：所以，我决定实现一个梦想，这是我养了几年的梦想，因为我妈妈给我看了一篇关于一个骑自行车环游美国的男人的杂志文章。A. run"跑"；B. cycled"骑自行车"；C. driven"驾驶"；D. flown"飞行"。下根据下文"cycling"提示，可知是骑自行车。故选B。
20．句意：我想我可以把骑自行车和研究结合起来，写一本关于美国农业的书，同时制定我职业生涯的下一步。A. combine"结合"；B. compare"比较"；C. replace"替代"；D. practice"练习"。由于作者当时并不清楚自己将来想做什么,所以他想将骑车旅行和自己专业相关的研究结合起来，故选A。
21．句意：在自行车之旅中，我弄清楚了我需要的明确性，以确定我的下一个职业发展方向。A. competition"竞争"；B. history"历史"；C. performance"表现"；D. trip"旅行"。根据上文"I figured that I could 12 cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step."可知,作者在骑车旅行。故选D。
22．句意：在自行车之旅中，我发现了我需要的明确性，以确定我的下一个职业发展方向。A. insist on "坚持"；B. put down"记下"；C. figure out"想清楚"；D. learn from"向……学习"。根据上文"worked out my next career step"可知，作者在旅行中想清楚了自己下一步做什么。故选C。
23．句意：在与沿途遇到的农民交谈时，我了解到他们最大的挑战是销售农产品。A. challenge"挑战，难题"；B. progress"进步"；C. adventure"冒险"；D. sacrifice"牺牲"。根据下文 improving farmers' access to markets 可推测,农民最大的难题是卖农产品。故选A。
24．句意：我决定将我的关注点从土地管理扩大到改善农民进入市场的机会。A. experience"经历"；B. focus"集中，关注点"；C. discussion"讨论"；D. search"搜索"。根据空后"improving famers' access to markets"可推测，农民最大的难题是卖农产品，因此作者决定除了原有的研究领域外，扩大自己的关注点，帮助农民开拓市场。故选B。
25．句意：我的新兴趣促使我为一个非政府组织工作，最终我确实借了一本关于美国农业的书。A. deep "深的"；B. particular"特别的"；C. personal"私人的，个人的"；D. new"新的"。根据上文"improving farmers' access to markets"可知，这是作者的新兴趣。故选D。
26．句意：我的新兴趣促使我为一个非政府组织工作，最终我确实借了一本关于美国农业的书。A. buy "购买"；B. borrow"借"；C. publish"出版"；D. notice"注意到"。根据上文" research for a book on American agriculture "可知,作者最终如愿以偿,成功出版了图书。故选C。
27．句意：关键是找到你的动力来源并充分利用它。A. reason"理由"；B. problem"问题"；C. result"结果"；D. key"关键"。结合上文可知，作者通过自身的经历告诉大家,找到动力来源并好好利用很关键。故选D。
28．句意：对我来说，我总是从户外活动中获得营养。A. active"活跃的"；B. alone"独自的"；C. confident"自信的"；D. brave"勇敢的"。根据上文可知,作者积极投身户外,获得源源不断的动力和能量供给。故选A。
29．【答案】which；to have；being；seen；as；volunteers；the；reported；exciting；properly
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一个研究清醒梦的新方法有望用来帮助人们应对噩梦。
（1）考查定语从句。“in+设空处”引导非限制性定语从句修饰lucid dreams，且在从句中作状语，故填which。
（2）考查非谓语动词。 learn to do sth.固定短语，“学着做某事”，故填to have。
（3）考查非谓语动词。设空处作by的宾语，且it与be之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填being。
（4）考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语修饰something, see与something之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且see所表示的动作已完成，故填seen。
（5）考查介词。serve as固定短语，“起……的作用”，故填as。
（6）考查名词。volunteer为可数名词，根据上文的121 adults和本句中的系动词were可知，此处用volunteer的复数，故填volunteers。
（7）考查冠词。in the middle of the night固定短语，“在半夜”中间需要定冠词，故填the。
（8）考查时态。根据上文语境可知研究发生在过去，即report表示的动作发生在过去用一般过去时，故填reported。
（9）考查形容词。设空处作表语，且修饰The potential applications，指物，故用-ing结尾的形容词。故填exciting。
（10）考查副词。设空处修饰动词do，故填副词properly。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，名词，冠词，时态，形容词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
30．【答案】①get →got ②world前加the ③member →members ④but →and ⑤whom →who/that ⑥them →him ⑦more of reserved 去掉of ⑧friend →friendly ⑨checking →checked ⑩putting →put
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参观乐队准备音乐会的经历。
（1）考查时态，句意：有一次我拿到了一张参加世界上最受欢迎的摇滚乐队之一的大型音乐会的贵宾票。根据副词once，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，因此get 改为got 。
（2）考查冠词。句意：有一次我拿到了一张参加世界上最受欢迎的摇滚乐队之一的大型音乐会的贵宾票。in the world固定短语，“在世界上”，因此world前加the 。
（3）考查名词。句意：这张票使我有资格在后台会见乐队的所有成员以及观看音乐会的整个筹备过程。member是可数名词，根据前面的all，可知用复数，因此member 改为members。
（4）考查连词。 句意：这张票使我有资格在后台会见乐队的所有成员以及观看音乐会的整个筹备过程。前后是并列关系，不是转折关系，因此but改为and 。
（5）考查定语从句。句意： 吉他手是个非常和善的人。这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a man，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who/that，所以whom 改为who/that。
（6）考查代词。句意：在更好地了解他的同时，我没有太多的焦虑，但其他的人都比较保守。 此处指代的是吉他手，因此them 改为him 。
（7）考查形容词。句意：在更好地了解他的同时，我没有太多的焦虑，但其他的人都比较保守。 reserved形容词，“保守的”，与more构成比较急，因此of是多余的，故去掉of ，
（8）考查形容词。句意： 他们只是笑了笑，做了友好的手势。形容词修饰名词gestures，作定语，故friend 改为friendly。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：不管怎样，看舞台布置和麦克风检查，我明白举办一场体育场音乐会有多难。 此处是现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语，因此checking 改为checked。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：不管怎样，看舞台布置和麦克风检查，我明白举办一场体育场音乐会有多难。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，因此putting 改为put。
【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，时态，名词，连词，定语从句，代词，形容词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
31．【答案】Dear David,
How
is everything going I'm writing to tell you that the 12th International
Kung Fu Competition will be held in Daqing from July 20th to 24th at Daqing
Gymnasium.
As we
know, kung fu is an important part of Chinese culture and has become
increasingly popular at home and abroad. This event aims to further expand the
influence of kung fu worldwide. The organizers hope people will feel the charm
of kung fu in this competition.
I
know you are kung fu amateur. Are you interested in taking part in the event
You will be able to appreciate high-level kung fu performances and communicate
with people sharing the same interest from all over the world. You can also
improve your techniques.
I
will accompany you during the competition. I'm looking forward to hearing from
you.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份，给澳大利亚朋友David写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加今年七月你所在的城市将举办的国际功夫比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）比赛的时间和地点；2）比赛的目的；3）参加比赛的益处。考生要根据内容提示，适当发挥，要使用适当的词汇，连接词和高级句型表达所给要点。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求准确、简洁。根据情景的发展，按顺序安排好材料。同时适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I'm writing to tell you that the 12th International Kung Fu Competition will be held in Daqing from July 20th to 24th at Daqing Gymnasium.运用了不定式作目的状语和宾语从句； As we know, kung fu is an important part of Chinese culture and has become increasingly popular at home and abroad. 运用了非限制性定语从句和并列句；The organizers hope people will feel the charm of kung fu in this competition.和 I know you are kung fu amateur. 运用了宾语从句。
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