河南省2024届高三上学期8月起点开学考试英语（PDF版含答案，无听力音频有听力原文）

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河南省 2024 届高三起点考试
英语参考答案、解析及评分标准
第一部分 听力
1—5 CCBAC 6—10 ACBCA 11—15 CCABC 16—20 BBABB
第二部分 阅读
第一节：
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个仿生学的发明。
21. B 细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的 In 1999, the German building company Sto released an outdoor paint
called Lotusan.可知，这种具有自我清洁功能的外层涂料是由一家德国建筑公司发明的。故选 B。
22. C 推理判断题。根据第四个小标题下的最后两句中信息 copy this quality in a wetsuit covered with rubber
“hairs,” 和 the athletes would be kept warm by air trapped on the outside of the suit.可知，科学家们给这种潜水
服添加了特制的毛发来蓄热。故选 C。
23. A 推理判断题。全文介绍的是人类利用仿生学发明的四件物品，所以可知这些发明的共同点是都是自
然赋予人类灵感而被发明出来的。故选 A。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个女士将一顶绒球帽误认为作一个受伤小动物而反复向
Animal Control求助的故事。
24. C 推理判断题。第二段中 But it might be wounded and needed help, and that was more important. So, I called
Animal Control. 可知，作者之所以打电话，是因为怀疑有小动物受伤。故选 C。
25. D 推理判断题。作者因怀疑小动物受伤，反复给 Animal Control部门打电话，由此可以推知，作者是
一个富有同情心的人。故选 D。
26. B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段When he came back, he laughed so heartily that I thought: How rude!可知，
男人发现那个小动物不过是顶帽子的时候大笑起来，可知他被逗乐了。故选 B。
27. A 推理判断题。本文作者记叙了一段搞笑的经历，所以可知是为了给读者们分享这段有趣的经历。故
选 A。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍科学家们利用基因技术治疗疾病的最新进展。
第 1 页 共 9 页
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28. A 推理判断题。全文介绍这个病人，是为了介绍基因剪刀的最新成果，是为了证明这种新疗法是由效
果的。故选 C。
29. D 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句 The study Doherty volunteered for is the first in which doctors are simply
putting the gene-editor directly into patients and letting it find its own way to the right gene in the right cells.可知，
这是第一次直接将 gene-editor注入病人体内。故选 D。
30. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 This has the potential to completely revolutionize the outcome for these
patients who have lived with this disease in their family for many generations.可知这个技术会很有前景。故选 A。
31. C 推理判断题。最后一段主要讲述这个研究结果可能打开治疗其他疾病的大门，因而是在讨论这个研
究的前景。故选 C。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了六度分隔的理论，然后介绍了与之密切相关的一个实验，以
及 Derek对实验过程和结果的深挖后得出的结论。
32. A 词意推测题。根据本段后文中假设，可以知道，如果每个人认识完全陌生的 44人，那么通过六个人，
我们就可以联系到 72亿个人，这个数据超过了生活在这个星球上的总人数。由此可以推知，划线部分的单
词应该是“合情合理的”的意思。故选 A。
33. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中 They weren't asked to forward it to him directly, but to send it to someone they
knew on a first name basis, with instructions for that person to forward it on to someone in their network that they
thought might know the stockbroker.可知，实验中要求实验对象将包裹一个接一个通过熟人以最短路线传递给
预定目标人。故选 D。
34. C 推理判断题。根据第五段中 Derek 所说的话 So we're talking about a sample size of 18 is all the evidence
there was for six degrees of separation可推知，Derek认为这个样本量太小，不足以证明六度分隔的理论。
35. C 主旨大意题。本文首先介绍了六度分隔的理论，然后介绍了与之密切相关的一个实验，以及 Derek对
实验过程和结果的深挖后得出的结论。C项“我们真的都被六度分隔”联系起来吗？”这个问题函括文本
内容。故选 C。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阻碍我们在家做饭的原因和解决措施。
DCAFG
36. D 全文介绍了阻碍我们在家里的一些原因和解决措施。再根据后文What can we do about them 可知，D
选项符合语境，故选 D。
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37. C 根据后文 Shopping online and having all the ingredients delivered to your door, doing some of the
preparation ahead of time or getting your family involved are all great answers.可知作者介绍了许多节时间的做
法；故选 C。
38. A 空格前后两句了转折关系，A项放在此处可以联系上下文；故选 A项。
39. F 本段介绍另一个阻止我们在家做饭的另一个原因：太累了不想做饭。后文作者介绍了一个诀窍就是一
次性多做点。所以可知，此处是总结做饭也花费我们太多精力。故选 F。
40. G 空格前句说 it’s important to remember that cooking is not an exact science，选项 G进一步说明了这个观
点。故选 G项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了妈妈通过为加拿大做生日蛋糕教会我们了解这个国家的故事。
41. C 根据孩子问题“Whose ”可知孩子很困惑。故选 C。
42. D 根据第一段中“We’re celebrating Canada’s birthday this year,” Mom said.可知，妈妈向我们宣布，将会
给加拿大过生日这件事。故选 D。
43. A 根据后文 she immigrated from England，可知我妈妈不是土生土长的加拿大人。故选 A。
44. B 根据下文 She looked for ways to teach us about Canada.可知，妈妈是希望我们能欣赏加拿大的文化与
传统，故选 B。
45. C 根据前句 when money was tight可知，手头紧的时候，妈妈会把把活动安排得简单有趣，故选 C。
46. A 根据后文故事，一家人给蛋糕上加上糖霜和装饰，可知是在装饰蛋糕。故选 A。
47. B 根据语境可知，妹妹对于给加拿大做生日蛋糕一事感觉很疑惑，所以提出疑问，这时候妈妈确认确
实如此。故选 B。
48. C 根据下文中得河狸和国旗可知，妈妈拿出来都是象征着加拿大得东西，故选 C。
49. D 根据后文中 I like this,” said Sonya, grabbing an image of a beaver(河狸)可知，妹妹改变了最初得态度。
故选 D。
50. D 根据前文 along with photographs of Canadian symbols and landmarks 可知，妈妈是拿出了一些加拿大
的图片，所以这里说妹妹选了张有河狸的图片。故选 D。
51. B 根据When we were done可知，当装饰完成，一个很棒的创意就出现了，故选 B。
52. A 根据第三段中 grabbing a（n） 50 of a beaver(河狸) biting on a tree 可知妹妹选择的是一张河狸
啃咬树木的图片，可以推知制作出来后，可能做得不够形似，看起来会像是只啃骨头的狗，故选 A。
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53. C 根据We were proud of可知，河狸不形似，国旗是红色的这些对我们没有影响，故选 C。
54. B 我们为自己创造出的作品而自豪，故选 B。
55. D 根据后文 but one ingredient was the same 可知，虽然每个蛋糕都不同，但它们却有共同的原材料：母
亲。故选 D。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国与其他国家合作研究大熊猫的故事。
56. were sent 57. where 58. the most popular 59. to 60. additional
61. surviving 62. naturalist 63. has won 64. currently 65. marked
第四部分 写作
第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Miss Smith,
I’m Li Hua, a senior at your high school. I’m writing to ask for a chance to take the oral test again. Last week,
I suffered from a very high fever. The doctor suggested I ask for a sick leave. I followed his advice but unluckily, I
missed Thursday’s oral test. When I knew I failed my favorite subject because of my illness, I felt very terrible and
anxious. Actually, I’ve been studying very hard at English the whole year and I think I’ve made great improvements
with your help. I plead you to give me another chance to reappear in the test so that I will be able to improve my
grade.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
【参考范文】
I had to make a decision in only seconds. Of course, I could push him off my track and kept running but that
way, he might get seriously hurt. If I stopped, it might cost us valuable time. I was in a dilemma. However, I
somehow slowed down and stopped suddenly. The little boy turned to me and burst out laughing. I rounded him
and began to run again with all my might, but it’s too late. We’d blown our chance at a medal.
I cried, realizing I missed out on another medal. I didn’t regret, but at the thought of the fact that we had no
choice but to leave the meet empty-handed, tears streamed down my cheeks. To my surprise, my teacher and
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classmates ran to hug me tightly. My teacher said he was proud of me, adding that it was the real spirit of sport. As
a 10-year-old, I didn’t quite understand that, but they did impress me and leave me feeling both bitter and sweet.
【评分细则】
一、选择题
1-20 小题：每小题 1.5 分；21-40 小题：每小题 2.5 分；41-55 小题：每小题 1 分。
二、非选择题
第三部分 语言运用
第二节 （每小题 1.5 分）
在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. 横线后没有提示词的，只能填入一个单词；
2. 横线后有提示词的，可以超过一个单词；
3. 单词拼写错误不给分，首字母该大写的没有大写，不给分。
第四部分 写作
第一节 应用文写作
一、评分原则
1. 本题总分为 15 分，按五个档次进行评分。
2. 评分时，从以下四个方面考虑：
1）内容：内容要点的合理性：是否完整、有逻辑，表达的清楚程度；
2）词汇语法：所使用语言的准确性、恰当性和多样性；（语言为交际服务，不可一味使用所谓“高
级”语言。）
3）篇章结构：上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
4）写作规范：
① 词数少于 60 的，扣 2 分；
② 拼写和标点符号是写作规范的一个方面，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受；
③ 如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
3. 评分时，先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调
整档次，最后给分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档 (13-15 分) 完全达到了预期的写作目的。
● 覆盖所有内容要点，表达清楚、合理；
● 词汇和语法结构多样、准确、恰当；
● 语言有个别错误，但为尽力使词汇和语法结构多样所致，完全不影响理解；
● 有效地使用了语句间的连接手段，结构紧凑、意义连贯。
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第四档( 10-12 分) 达到了预期的写作目的。
● 覆盖所有内容要点，表达比较清楚、合理；
● 词汇和语法结构比较多样，且准确、恰当；
● 少数语言错误主要是因尝试词汇和语法结构多样化所致，不影响理解
● 有效地使用了语句间的连接手段，全文结构比较紧凑、意义比较连贯。
第三档(7-9 分) 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
● 覆盖主要内容要点，少数内容表达不太清楚、合理；
● 词汇和语法结构能满足要求；
● 有一些语言方面的错误，不影响理解；
● 应用简单的语句间连接手段，结构基本紧凑，意义基本连贯。
第二档（4-6 分）未能达到预期的写作目的。
● 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容；
● 词汇知识有限、语法结构单调；
● 语言错误较多，影响理解，影响了对写作内容的理解；
● 较少使用语句间的连接成分，结构不够紧凑，意义不够连贯。
第一档（1-3 分）完全未达到预期的写作目的。
● 遗漏大部分内容，写了很多无关内容；
● 语法结构单调、词汇知识有限；
● 语言错误很多，影响对写作内容的理解；
● 缺乏语句间的连接成分，结构不紧凑，意义不连贯。
0 分档 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看
清。
第二节 读后续写
一、评分原则
1．本题总分为 25 分，按五个档次进行评分。
2．评分时，从以下四个方面考虑：
1）内容：内容的丰富性、故事发展的合理性，续写的完整性及与原文语境的融合程度；
2）词汇语法：使用语言的多样性、准确性和恰当性；（语言为交际服务，不可一味使用所谓“高级”
语言，要与原文语言特点保持一致。）
3）篇章结构：上下文的衔接（包括续写段落之间的衔接）和全文的连贯性；
4）写作规范：
① 词数少于 130 的，扣 2 分；
② 拼写和标点符号是写作规范的一个方面，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受；
③ 如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次；
3．评分时，先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调
整档次，最后给分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档（21-25 分）完全达到了预期的写作目的。
● 与所给短文融合度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理；
● 内容丰富，故事发展合理、逻辑性强，续写完整，符合写作目的与情境；
● 所使用语法结构和词汇多样、准确和恰当，可能有个别错误，但完全不影响意义表达；
● 有效地使用了语句间的连接手段，结构清晰，意义连贯。
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第四档（16-20 分）达到了预期的写作目的。
● 与所给短文融合度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理；
● 内容比较丰富，故事发展比较合理、有逻辑性，续写比较完整，比较符合写作目的与情境；
● 所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；
● 比较有效地使用了语句间的连接手段，结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第三档（11-15 分）整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
● 与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；
● 写出了若干有关内容，故事发展有合理之处、有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，基本符合写作目的与情
境；
● 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但不影响意义的表达；
● 应用简单的语句间的连接手段，结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。
第二档（6-10 分）未能达到预期的写作目的。
● 与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；
● 写出了一些有关内容，故事发展不太合理、逻辑性差，不太符合写作目的与情境；
● 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，错误较多，影响了意义的表达；
● 较少使用语句间的连接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。
第一档（1-5 分）完全未达到预期的写作目的。
● 与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差；
● 产出无关内容太多，故事发展不合理、不合逻辑，续写不完整，不符合写作目的与情境；
● 语法结构单调、词汇项目很有限，错误很多，严重影响了意义的表达；
● 缺乏语句间的连接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。
0 分档
● 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
【听力原文】
Text 1
M: You’re riding a bike to work. But you said you are planning to lose weight by walking as much as possible,
right
W: But I was 2 minutes late for my bus this morning, and I didn’t want to pay for a taxi.
Text 2
M: The sun shone brightly a moment ago, but it’s pouring down now. The weather is really changeable in the
mountainous area.
W: I can’t agree more. That’s why I always bring an umbrella along with me.
Text 3
W: How about going jogging around the park after we drop off the kids at the swimming pool
M:Why not go to the nearby basketball court for a goal shooting We both need some exercise like that.
W: That is a better idea!
Text 4
M: Where was this photo taken Your family look very happy in the photo.
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W: It was taken in a beautiful park. We enjoyed ourselves in France that year. We spent a week in Paris and two
weeks next in Marseille.
Text 5
W: Can I help you You look a little lost.
M: Oh, yes, that would be nice. I'm new here. I am looking for the train station and I've been wandering around for
almost an hour.
听第 6段材料，回答第 6，7题。
Text 6
M: Let’s go skiing together, Sarah, shall we
W: Skiing is fun, but it’s a bit too cold for me. I'm really glad winter is coming to an end soon.
M: What sport would you rather do together
W: Badminton and table tennis are nice.We can go to the school gym and play together all the time.
M: Yeah. Besides, spring is near. It’s a bit early for swimming. It's warm enough for outdoor badminton and table
tennis, though.
W: Don’t remind me. I can't wait to go swimming!
M: I know that's your absolute favorite.
W: That's right!
听第 7段材料，回答第 8、9题。
Text 7
M: Mary, I've got so much homework and I don’t understand any of it.
W: Mum will be home in a short time. She used to be a super learner. You can ask her to help you.
M: Come on. You're 3 years above me at school. Can't you help
W: I'm busy preparing for a physics exam tomorrow, Bob.
M: But Mum will be tired when she gets home. Her boss is always making her work longer hours. Please
W: Fine. I'll help you with one question. What subject do you find hardest
M: I have a mountain of difficult math problems and a 1000-word Chinese essay to finish, but I really need help
with these physics problems.
W: OK. Let’s begin with a physics problem.
听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。
Text 8
M: Ugh, it smells so strong! How can you eat that stuff
W: I love it. Is it the taste or the smell that you hate Or, just because it doesn’t look as beautiful as apples or
oranges？
M: Its smell makes me feel sick.
W: But it really tastes extraordinarily good. Once you take a bite of it, you’ll be unable to tear yourself away from it.
People even use it to make cakes and cook dishes.
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M: But I just can’t bear it.
W: Come on. No other fruit is better than it. It contains a lot of dietary fiber, which makes your stomach work
better, and it is rich in protein and vitamins. In a word, it is very nutritious. Honey, be brave. Just take a bite.
M: No, no, no…My sweetheart, I will do everything to make you happy except eating this stuff.
听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 16题。
Text 9
W: Oh, look. Let me turn up the TV a little bit.
M: Anything interesting
W: The news said more and more college students choose to rent a house to live out of school.
M: I support it. I once read an article in the newspaper about this phenomenon. If you surf the internet, you’ll find
more news about this. It’s common nowadays.
W: Don’t you think it is safer for students to live in school？
M: Sorry, I don’t think so. Besides, college students are young adults, so they should be independent.
W: But it’s much easier to get to classes if they live in dorms. Why do they have to spend more money to rent a
room？
M: I think there is more freedom and the environment is more comfortable. That’s why they want to live out.
W: Are you afraid of living alone You know, a totally new environment and you have to deal with anything
yourself.
M: No, I’m always eager for challenges.
听第 10段材料，回答第 17至 20题。
Text 10
Good morning, boys and girls. Most of you love music, don’t you So, I’m quite sure you’ll enjoy the topic of this
writing class. Be focused as you’ll have to write an article based on the topic. Remember to hand in your work no
later than this Friday. And… today, I want to talk about Ludwig van Beethoven, one of the greatest composers in
the world. He was born in 1770 and died at 57. He wrote about 700 works, and he is remembered for the many that
are still played today. He learned how to write music from another great writer, Joseph Haydn, and he studied the
works of Mozart and Bach. In his early years, he copied the style of Haydn and Mozart, but later he put a lot more
emotion into his music. He worked hard to spread his music, and he was known in his day for his great piano
playing. He was very much a part of his time, and during his life, literature and art also became wilder and more
emotional. That is why we call that time “The Romantic Period”. In his later years, he became deaf； which is a
terrible thing to happen to a man who lives to create music. But he continued writing, and many of his best loved
works were written when he could no longer hear them…
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