课件53张PPT。人教版英语八年级(下)Units 3－4 第十一讲1．borrow(v.)→_______(反义词)借出
2．waste(v.)→_________(adj.)浪费的
3．stress(n.)→__________(adj.)有压力的
4．develop(v.)→____________(n.)发展
5．fair(adj.)→____________(n.)公正性→__________(adj.反义词)不公平的
6．ill(adj.)→____________(n.)病lendwastedstressfuldevelopmentfairnessunfairillness7．independent(adj.)→_________________(n.)独立
8．communicate(v.)→________________(n.)交流；沟通
9．clear(adj.)→___________(adv.)清楚地
10．compete(v.)→_____________(n.)竞争
11．type(n.)→__________(adj.)典型的
12．usual(adj.)→_________(adj.反义词)不寻常的→______________(adv.)通常
independencecommunicationclearlycompetitiontypicalunusualusually1．_____________the rubbish 倒垃圾
2．__________the floor 扫地
3．________the bed 铺床
4．______the time 频繁；反复
5．___________ 一……就……；尽快
6．in _________ 目的是；为了
7．__________on 依靠；信赖
8．take _______of 照顾；处理take outsweepmakeallas soon asorder todependcare9．_________ 重要的事
10．look ___________ 浏览；快速查看
11．work _____ 解决；成功地发展
12．get on (well) ______ 和睦相处；关系良好
13．argue ______sb. 和某人吵架
14．give sth._______ to sb.把某物归还给某人
15．_________to do sth. 主动做某事big dealthroughoutwithwithbackoffer16．_____________with 与……交流
17．__________with sb. 与某人竞争
18．_____out 删除；删去
19．not...__________．..直到……才……
20．compare..._________．.. 比较；对比
21．in one's __________ 依……看
22．get into a _____________sb. 和某人打架communicatecompetecutuntilwithopinionfight with1．Could I __________finish __________this show？我至少看完这个节目行吗？
2．She ___________happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。
3．She didn't do any housework and __________I．她没有做家务活，我也没有做。
4．—Could I use your computer？我能用一下你的电脑吗？
—Sorry.I'm going to ______________now.对不起，我现在要用它工作。
5．My mom came over __________I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。at leastwatchingwon't beneither didwork on itas soon as6．Children these days __________their parents too much.如今的孩子们依赖父母亲太多。
7．___________kids learn to be independent _________it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
8．My parents don't ________me to __________with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。
9．______________go to sleep earlier this evening？为什么今晚你不早点儿去睡呢？
10．I found my sister _____________my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹翻阅我的东西。
depend onThe earlierthe betterallowhang outWhy don't youlooking through11．______________she's wrong，it's not a __________．尽管她不对，但这也不是什么大不了的事。
12．My problem is that I can't ____________my family.我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。
13．__________，he watches _____________he wants until late at night.相反，晚上无论他想看什么就看到很晚。
14．You should __________that you don't _______him ___________TV all the time.你应该说明你不介意他总是看电视。
15．You are _________ speaking ________people.你害怕在人们面前说话。
16．Your best friend doesn't trust you ________．你最好的朋友不再信任你。Althoughbig dealget on withInsteadwhateverexplainmindwatchingafraid ofin front ofany more?while【典例在线】
I was taking a bath while my mother was preparing dinner.我妈妈准备晚餐的时候，我正在洗澡。
Tom was watching TV while (he was) eating.汤姆边吃边看电视。 while作从属连词，意为“当……的时候；在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。当while所引导的从句与主句的主语相同，且该从句的动词为be动词时，从句的主语和be动词有时可以省略。【拓展精析】 【活学活用】1)____ the children have fun，parents can take dancing lessons on the beach.
A．Though B．If C．While D．Once
2)—It seems that you are happy，why?
—I met an old friend of mine while I ____ on the street.(2014，凉山)
A．walks B．walk
C．was walking D．am walkingCC?in order to【典例在线】
In order to get a complete picture，further information is needed.为了掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。【拓展精析】in order to意为“目的是；为了”，比单纯的to do更强调“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式为in order not to do。3)Many people give money to Project Hope ____ help the poor children to go to school.
A．as soon as B．even though
C．so that D．in order to【活学活用】D【典例在线】
Do you mind if I open the window？我打开窗户，你会介意吗？
—Would you mind parking your car there？你介意把车子停到那边吗？
—Not at all.不介意。?mindmind动词，意为“介意；在乎”，后常接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。
Would you mind...？是交际用语中表示“请求”的常用句型，意为“你介意……吗？”其肯定回答(即不介意对方做某事)常用：Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.等。否定回答(即介意对方做某事)常用：I'm sorry，but.../I'm afraid you can't./Yes，you'd better not等。【拓展精析】4)—Would you mind ____ the window？It's very hot.
—No，not at all.(2013，娄底)
A．open B．to open
C．opening
5)—I want to put up the picture on the wall.Would you mind helping me with it?
—____．With pleasure.(2014，江西)
A．Of course B．Of course not
C．You'd better not D．Thanks a lot【活学活用】CB【典例在线】
Who allowed you to leave the camp？谁允许你离开营地的？
They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。
You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟。?allowallow动词，意为“允许；准许”。
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth.允许做某事
be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事【拓展精析】 6)The little girl was crying because her mother didn't allow her ____ the ice-cream.(2014，重庆)
A．eat B．eats C．to eat D．ate
7)In our school，boys are not _________(allow) to have long hair.【活学活用】Callowed?as soon as【典例在线】
The baby began to cry as soon as she saw her mother.那个婴儿一看见她妈妈就开始哭。
We'll go to play basketball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow.明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。【拓展精析】as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。在使用时，要注意主、从句时态一致。当主句是一般将来时或过去将来时时，从句应对应使用一般现在时或过去时。【活学活用】8)Henry will give us a report as soon as he ____．(2013，河北)
A．arrives B．arrived
C．is arriving D．will arrive
?Could you please clean your room？请你打扫一下你的房间好吗？A—Could you please sweep the floor？请你打扫一下地板，好吗？
—Yes，of course.好的，当然可以。
Would you please not open the door？请你不要开门，好吗？【典例在线】 could不是can的过去式，而是表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，常用于请求帮助(第二人称)或请求允许(第一人称)的疑问句中。Could you please...？是一个婉转请求别人帮忙的句型，其后接动词原形。其肯定回答为：OK/Yes/Sure/Of course/No problem等；否定回答有：Sorry/No，I'm afraid not/I'd love to，but...等。
常见的表示委婉请求的方式还有：
①以would开头的句式
②用wish/hope提出请求
③用带please的祈使句提出请求
注意：could/would you please后面接动词原形，其否定形式是在动词原形前加not。【拓展精析】1)—Could you help me put up the maps on the wall?
—____．(2012，铜仁)
A．No problem B．I hope so
C．That's all right D．That's a good idea
?She did not do any housework and neither did I．她没有做任何家务活，我也没做。【活学活用】A【典例在线】—I didn't go to the park last Sunday.上周日我没去公园。
—Neither did I．我也没去。
—They will play soccer tomorrow.他们明天去踢足球。
—So will we.我们也去踢。
—She knows little English.她英语懂得不多。
—So she does.她的确如此。【拓展精析】“Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”表示与上述否定情况相同。
“So＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”表示与上述肯定情况相同。
“So＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/be”表示强调，即对前面所说的情况加以肯定。【活学活用】 2)I can't play the piano，and ____．(2013，黄石)
A．neither can my sister
B．my sister can't，too
C．so can't my sister
D．can my sister，either
3)—My grandma is used to living in the city.
—____．(2014，益阳)
A．So my grandpa is B．So is my grandpa
C．So my grandpa did
?The earlier kids learn to be independent，the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。AB【典例在线】 The more you eat，the fatter you will be.吃得越多，你就越胖。
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。【活学活用】4)____ you are，________ mistakes you will make in the test.
A．The more careful；the fewer
B．The more carefully；the fewer
C．The more careful；the less
D．The more carefully；the less
5)The weather is becoming ____．(2014，兰州)
A．hotter and hotter B．more hot and hot
C．hoter and hoter D．more and more hot
?Why don't you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母交谈呢？ AA【典例在线】Why don't you buy a suit for your husband？你为什么不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？
Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为什么不学一些中国的流行歌曲？
What/How about going for a walk？去散步怎么样？【拓展精析】Why don't you do sth.？＝Why not do sth.？是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有：
What/How about doing sth.?
Shall we do sth.?
Let's do sth.
You'd better do sth.
其肯定答语为Good idea！/OK./Wonderful！/Great！/Sounds good！等；其否定答语为Sorry，but...等。【活学活用】6)—What should I get my mom for her birthday?
—Why ____ get her a scarf？(2013，贵阳)
A．don't you B．do you
C．are you
7)—Look！It's raining heavily！____ take a raincoat with you?
—Well，I'll take one right now.(2014，阜康)
A．Why not B．Why don't
C．Would you mind D．Would you like
?borrow，lend，keepAA【典例在线】I borrowed a book from Jack yesterday.昨天我从杰克那里借了本书。
Jack lent me a book yesterday./Jack lent a book to me yesterday.昨天杰克借给我一本书。
How long can I keep the book？这本书我可以借用多长时间？【拓展精析】 borrow指“借入”或“借他人的东西供自己使用”。固定短语borrow sth.from sb.意为“向某人借某物”。
lend指“(把自己的东西)借出”。固定短语lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.意为“借给某人某物”。
keep意为“保存；保留”，可引申为“借用”，此时常与一段时间或how long等连用。
【活学活用】
1)—Jim，can I ________your car?
—Sorry，I ________it to Steven just now.
—How long will he _______it?
—Two days.
?provide，offerborrowlentkeep【典例在线】They provided the children with good food and clothing.他们给孩子们提供了良好的衣服食物。
The manager offers a job to me in his company.那个经理在他的公司里给我提供了一份工作。【拓展精析】provide意为“提供；供应”，常用于provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.固定搭配中。
offer意为“提供；给予”，常用于offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.固定搭配中。另offer to do sth.意为“(主动提出)做某事”。【活学活用】2)That company ___________(提供) us with 3，000 dollars in 2012.(2013，黄冈)
3)Parents often ____ their children ________ some good advice.(2014，兰州)
A．offer；with B．offer；/
C．provide；with D．both B and C
?instead，instead of，rather thanprovidedD【典例在线】Last summer I went to Qingdao.This summer I'm going to Dalian instead.去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我将改去大连。
We should do something instead of just talking about it.＝We should do something rather than just talk about it.我们不应该只是谈论，而应该做点什么。【拓展精析】instead作副词，意为“代替；而不是”，常位于句首或句末。
instead of和rather than都可以表示“而不是”，常位于句中，两者都可接名词、代词等作宾语。若后接动词时，instead of后接v.-ing，rather than后常接动词原形。【活学活用】4)If you're busy，you may come another day ______．
5)He would play computer games _____________do his homework.
6)You should try your best to finish it __________giving up.insteadrather_thaninstead_of一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1．______________(无论什么) you say，I won't believe you any more.
2．He was too __________(紧张的) to say anything.
3．Mark lost one of his ____________(手指) in that accident.
4．Some middle school students can't get enough sleep under the ________(压力) of school work.
5．We should do something useful __________of just waiting.
6．There are lots of black ___________．It's going to rain.
7．You should __________the books to the library in time.
8．Li Ming _________talk shows because he thinks they are boring.Whatevernervousfingerspressureinsteadcloudsreturnhates二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
9．Many foreigners are surprised at the rapid ____________(develop) of China.(2013，贵阳)
10．They stopped ___________(argue) when they saw the teacher walking into the classroom.
11．We all care much about the ___________(fair) of the competition.
12．It's necessary to make kids learn to be ______________(independence)．
13．Here is a way to improve your _________________(communicate) skills.
14．Mary began to watch TV after she ____________(sweep) the floor.
15．Driving on mountain roads always makes me __________(stress)．(2013，宁夏)developmentarguingfairnessindependentcommunicationsweptarguing三、单项选择。
16．—Why don't you watch TV at home?
—I'd love to，but my mother doesn't allow me ____ that.(2014，呼和浩特)
A．do B．did C．to do D．doing
17．—Could I ____ your iPad，Alice?
—Of course.Here you are.(2013，济南)
A．lend B．keep C．borrow C．return
18．I don't ____ the heat，for I'm used to hot weather.(2014，安徽)
A．like B．mind C．know D．standCCB19．—As a student，we should study hard.
—Yes.____ we study，________ results we'll get.(2014，益阳)
A．The hard；the good B．The harder；the best
C．The harder；the better
20．—Sir，could you please put out your cigarette？This is a smoke-free (无烟的) school.
—____．(2013，菏泽)
A．I'm sorry about this B．No problem
C．Sure，I'd love to D．Never mind
CA四、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
21．你不该总把你的孩子与别的孩子相比较。
You shouldn't always ___________your kids ______other kids.
22．南希不购物，我也不去。
Nancy won't go shopping，and _____________I.
23．我一到上海就给你写信。
I'll write to you ____________I get to Shanghai.
24．她报了警，以便警察能帮她找回被盗的小汽车。
She called the police ___________the policeman could help find her lost car.
25．一些学生认为做家务是浪费时间，但我不同意。
Some students think doing housework is _______________，but I disagree.
comparewithneither willas soon asso thata waste of time写作典例之烦恼与微笑
(一)(2013，荆门)
假如你是刘强，你在学校学生会里看到一项关于学生遇到的种种“烦恼”的调查。请你阅读以下20位学生填写的调查表，然后从中选择你认为最大的烦恼，并根据自己的实际经验或体会，给出建议。
要求：
1．根据提示内容，选出一种烦恼，并给出建议。
2．逻辑清楚，语句通顺，行文流畅，自由发挥，观点不限，无需标题。
3．文中不能以任何形式出现真实人名、校名和县(市)区名及其他相关信息。
4．词数：100左右。【范文欣赏】
I am Liu Qiang.I think it's not strange to have worries.Some students say they have become fat and that really makes them feel bad about themselves.I think this is one of the biggest worries for us.But I think we can do something about it.
First，you could eat less.The body needs food for energy，but you'll become fat if you eat more than your body needs.If you eat less，the body can burn more calories than you eat.Second，do more exercise.Doing exercise can also help the body burn the calories and make you thinner.There are many ways to do exercise.For example，you could go to school on foot or by bike.
Don't worry too much.I think you will become fit soon.(二)(2014，绥化)
微笑，是对他人表示友善和关爱，微笑可以给人激励，可以使人奋进，请你结合自己的经历谈谈在你的生活中谁的微笑打动了你，为什么他/她的微笑会打动你，你有什么体会呢？
参考词汇：encourage，self-confidence (自信)，smile at【范文欣赏】Smiles are beautiful and important.A smile given to the right person at the right time can light that person's day.
I was once moved by a smile from my friend.Three years ago，when I made a speech on my first day of class，I was so nervous that I couldn't say a word.Tony，one of my classmates，sitting in the front row，smiled at me and spoke in a low voice，“Yes，you can.”I was greatly encouraged by his smile.His smile was important because it gave me self-confidence.
I will never forget my friend's smile because I've learned that something so simple can make a big difference.请完成考点跟踪突破11考点跟踪突破11 八年级下册 Units 3－4
一、单项选择。
1．I think if you communicate more __B__ your friend，everything will be better.
A．for B．with C．on D．to
2．—The speech is really boring!
—I agree with you.It is a __D__ of time to listen to it.
A．result B．stress C．mess D．waste
3．—Did you help your mom do some housework on Sunday?
—No.I went to the English Center __C__．
A．also B．still C．instead D．yet
4．Rick has learned a lot about Chinese culture __D__ he came to China.(2014，安徽)
A．before B．when C．until D．since
5．—Where are you going?
—To the library.I've finished reading this book，so I'm going to __C__ it.(2014，台州)
A．buy B．throw
C．return D．borrow
6．—May I speak to Ms.Lane，please？(2014，广安)
—Sorry，she isn't in right now.I'll tell you as soon as she __B__ back tomorrow.
A．come B．comes C．will come
7．—It is getting cold.Would you mind __A__ the window?
—Of course not.(2014，长沙)
A．closing B．to close C．closed
8．—Can I __B__ your bike？(2013，宁波)
—With pleasure.But you mustn't ________ it to others.
A．lend；borrow B．borrow；lend
C．lend；lend D．borrow；borrow
9．—Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.
—__A__．The weather is pleasant.(2014，云南)
A．So it is B．So is it
C．So it does D．So does it
10．—Could I use your dictionary to look up some new words?
—OK，__C__．(2014，益阳)
A．it's a pleasure B．that's right
C．no problem
11．Ten minutes __C__ enough for you ________ there.
A．was；walking B．are；walking
C．is；to walk D．were；to walk
12．The __A__ we do for other people，the ________ we will be.
A．more；happier B．much；happier
C．more；happy D．most；happiest
二、词汇运用：根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
13．The farm provides (提供) the school with fresh vegetables.(2014，泰安)
14．Can you lend (借) your English book to me?
15．I think fairness (公平) is very important to everybody.
16．It seems such a waste (浪费) to throw good food away.
17．I felt the stress (压力) of his hand on my shoulder.
18．It is important for you to develop good habits.
19．I hope that will not cause you too much trouble.
20．Don't be nervous．I think you could do well in the test.
三、完形填空。(2014，阜康)
Sometimes we have a fight with a friend.Many times，you find that you even forgot what the __21__ was about.You just seem to be angry，and then __22__ talking to each other.Time goes by and you realize that you __23__ the friendship，and wish yourself could talk to your friend again.
Leaving the argument alone，and avoiding (避免) __24__．If you talk right after the fight，many things are said out of anger.However，do not wait too __25__．Too long time may make the relationship more difficult to make up.So __26__ the fight calms down，make sure you talk to the person before it's too late.After you do that，sit down and say you're __27__ if you are the one who caused the fight.
Maybe your friend could be at fault (过错)！If you're not sure，review the events that led up to the fight.If your __28__ is wrong，don't apologize.You probably didn't do anything wrong！So give your friend the __29__ shoulder.Wait until they say they are sorry！And if they don't apologize，they're not worth your __30__！You can spend the time with other friends.
( C )21.A.meeting B．story C．fight D．advice
( A )22.A.stop B．begin C．prefer D．like
( C )23.A.have B．hate C．miss D．build
( A )24.A.talking B．playing
C．listening D．studying
( B )25.A.short B．long C．early D．far
( D )26.A.before B．until C．while D．after
( C )27.A.right B．happy
C．sorry D．excited
( A )28.A.friend B．teacher
C．sister D．brother
( A )29.A.warm B．hot C．cool D．cold
( B )30.A.money B．time C．anger D．stress
四、阅读理解。(2014，内江)
Everybody is afraid of something.
Tommy，11，is afraid of the dark.Rachel，11，is most afraid of the big jellyfish(水母)in Australia.Morgan，9，wishes she would stop being afraid to ride a bike on busy streets.
What's fear？Fear is a feeling that everyone has，and that's a good thing because fear is there to protect us.When the fear comes，it means we may meet something dangerous.
For the fear of dark，a kid could have much imagination.What's under my bed？Is there someone breaking into (闯人) my house？With the help of a parent，kids can get more comfortable in the dark.Using a night light to see that there's nothing there can also help fight that fear.
For other fears，we needn't fight.If you're afraid to ride your bike on a busy street，you're right！You should be afraid because it's dangerous.There's no need to fight a fear like that.Find a better place to ride.
It's also OK for Rachel to be afraid of the big jellyfish because it's really dangerous.But it lives only in some waters.So when she's not swimming in one of them，there should be no worries about the big jellyfish.
Here is some advice about fighting fears from kids.
Monique，10，says when you are scared，just think about happy times.Eight-year-old Jessica finds that taking a deep breath helps when you're scared.Amanda，10，thinks kids should talk with a parent.Dustin，11，likes to talk with a group of friends.
31．What is Rachel afraid of？__C__
A．The dark.
B．Talking with others.
C．The big jellyfish.
D．Riding a bike on busy streets.
32．In Paragraph 4，the writer gives __B__ way(s) of helping kids fight the fear of dark.
A．one B．two C．three D．four
33．According to the writer，__A__ needs to fight his/ her fear.
A．Tommy B．Rachel C．Morgan D．Dustin
34．Which piece of advice is not mentioned about fighting fears？__D__
A．Talking with others.
B．Taking a deep breath.
C．Thinking about happy times.
D．Regarding fears as challenges.
五、综合填空：根据句意及首字母提示，在空缺处填入一个适当的单词，使短文完整、正确。
You're standing with your classmates.35.Everyone is talking except you.Perhaps you're afraid they will laugh at what you say.Maybe you just aren't 36.brave enough to speak.
Shyness is like a snake that crawls (爬) into our mouth and 37.stops us speaking.But we shouldn't let it stay there.
I am 29 years old.Even today，that snake still sometimes 38.visits me.When I was in high school，I was so shy that I wouldn't talk to anyone except my parents and best friends.If a stranger asked me the 39.way to a local shop，it was as if I'd forgotten how to talk.One summer，I got a 40.job in a restaurant and that helped a lot.It meant I had to talk to customers (顾客)．I had to tell them how 41.much their meal cost.I had to ask them if they want to drink Coke or Sprite.
This job taught me how to speak with people.
You may be too young to find a part-time job.But you can look for other 42.chances to speak with people.You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag.43.Or you can go to get a newspaper for your family.
If you do these things for a while，the “shyness” snake will soon begin to 44.leave you alone.It'll look for another mouth to crawl into.
六、书面表达。(2014，杭州)
假设你是李平，最近你学习上遇到困惑。请用英语给你的英国朋友南希(Nancy)写一封电子邮件，讲述你的问题并寻求她的帮助。
注意：1.邮件必须包括上面三幅画所描述的内容；
2．词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出(不计词数)。
参考词汇：考试不及格fail the exam；熬夜stay up late
Hi Nancy，
How are you？Hope you're well.I_have_a_problem_and_need_your_help.I_failed_the_math_exam_yesterday.My_mom_was_really_mad_with_me.In_order_to_do_better_next_time，I_stayed_up_late_last_night_doing_my_math_homework.Since_I_didn't_get_enough_sleep，I_felt_sleepy_this_morning.My_teacher_noticed_it.She_came_up_and_asked_what_was_wrong_with_me，but_I_didn't_tell_her_the_truth.What_should_I_do？Can_you_give_me_some_advice?
I'm really looking forward to receiving your reply soon.
Love，
Li Ping
