2024届高考英语二轮复习： 句子成分 课件(共11张PPT)

(共11张PPT)
第二讲：句子成分
高中英语基础知识系列
导学问题
什么是主、谓、宾？
什么词可以担任主、谓、宾？
主、谓、宾、表如何判断？
什么定语，状语，补语？
Q1:什么是主、谓、宾？
引言：故事起源于行为动作，行为动作是所有句子的核心。而行为动作就是谓语动词。
1. 谓语就是谓语动词，就是行为动作。
2. 动词前为主语，动词后为宾语。
3. 名词性成分（名词，动名词，代词，数词，不定式 ）可以充当主语或宾语。
案例分析：请找出蓝色字体句子的主谓宾
Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!’ I said angrily
‘It’s none of your business,’ the young man said rudely. ‘This is a private conversation!’ [新概念英语 第二册]
Q3:表语如何判断？
动词
实义动词
系动词
情态动词
助动词
be动词
感官动词feel, sound, taste, smell, look, seem, appear
表变化的动词 become, grow, get, turn, fall
保持类动词：keep, stay, remain
表语就是系动词后的成分，表示身份，特征，性质和状态，常用名词，形容词，介词短语，动名词，不定式充当。
案例分析：请找到含有表语的句子并给出理由
Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!’ I said angrily
‘It’s none of your business,’ the young man said rudely. ‘This is a private conversation!’ [新概念英语 第二册]
找一找，想一想
Q4:状语
状语是说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步、伴随状态等，包括副词，介词短语或从句。
He came to Shanghai last month.(时间状语）
We ate our picnic under some trees.(地点状语）
They came late because of the rain.(原因状语)
He stopped to have a good look.(目的状语)
It rained for three days, causing a lot of damage.(结果状语）
I will come to see you if I have time.(条件状语)
My father went to work by bike.(方式状语)
Although it was late, he went on working. (让步状语）
She stood there, listening to the radio.(伴随状语)
案例分析：请找出划线句子的状语，分别是什么状语
Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!’ I said angrily
‘It’s none of your business,’ the young man said rudely. ‘This is a private conversation!’ [新概念英语 第二册]
找一找，想一想
a boy
a good-looking boy
a good-looking boy in our class
a good-looking boy sitting in the last row in our class
I have a crush on a good-looking boy who helped me yesterday.
Q4:定语
1. 定语是用来限定名词或代词范围的词或短语或句子。常翻译成“…的”
2. 定语可以是形容词、分词、名词、动名词、不定式，介词短语，分词短语或定语从句；
3. 一个词作定语放在名词前，超过一个词的定语放在名词后。
找一找定语，译一译句子。
The boy sleeping soundly in the bench is my little brother.
There is something important to do.
I have a big family to support.
Jack bought a large black Japan car.
找一找，译一译
Working for a long time makes me
My teacher advised us
We must keep our classroom
John asked me
I will have my hair
I saw Laowang
Q4:宾语补足语
宾语补足语补充说明宾语的情况，使句义完整。
小结：
谓语就是谓语动词，就是行为动作。
动词前为主语，动词后为宾语。
名词性成分可以充当主语或宾语。
表语就是系动词后的成分，表示身份，特征，性质和状态
状语是说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步、伴随状态等
定语是用来限定名词或代词范围的词或短语或句子。常翻译成“…的”
一个词作定语放在名词前，超过一个词的定语放在名词后。
宾语补足语补充说明宾语的情况，使句义完整。