课件53张PPT。人教版英语 动词和动词短语
第二十六讲1．—I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use yours?
—Yes，you ____．(2014，安徽)
A．can B．must C．could D．should
2．If you ____ smoke，please go outside.(2014，杭州)
A．can B．may C．must D．might【名题实战】AC3．It ____ about eight minutes for sunlight (阳光) to travel from the sun to the earth.(2014，临沂)
A．takes B．spends C．costs D．pays
4．—This is quite a new phrase.
—Right.It has already ____ the language.(2014，武汉)
A．spoken B．used C．entered D．coveredAC5．Recycling is good，so don't ____ bottles or newspapers.(2014，江西)
A．find out B．hand in C．use up D．throw away
6．—iPhones and iPads are so popular these days.
—Yes，they can ____ our eyes to the outside world.(2014，乌鲁木齐)
A．turn up B．open up
C．call up D．think up DB动词与动词短语是中考考查的重点之一。在语境中考查考生对基础知识的掌握程度越来越受到重视。考查的范围有：行为动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词或动词及动词短语间的辨析。
大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。
1．第三人称单数形式的构成【考点梳理】
①一般现在时中主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加-s或-es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同。 ②不规则变化的有have—has等。
2．现在分词的构成3.过去式和过
去分词的构成
①规则变化
②不规则变化需单独记忆。 高频考向一 实义动词词义辨析
实义动词：本身有词义，能独立作谓语，根据后面是否带宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。1．及物动词
及物动词后面要跟宾语才能使句子句意完整。如love，need，want等。它主要用于三种句型中：
①动词＋宾语
如：I bought some books yesterday.我昨天买了一些书。(bought后有宾语books，为及物动词)
②动词＋宾语＋宾补
③动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
2．不及物动词
①不及物动词本身有完整的意思，后不需接宾语。
如：He always studies hard。他一直努力学习。(study后无宾语，为不及物动词)
②若不及物动词需要带宾语，其后需加适当的介词，才可以跟宾语。
③有的动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。
如：She sings very well.她唱得很好。(sing是不及物动词)
She sang an English song just now.她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)【例1】—I've left my keys in the meeting room.Please ________ them for me.
—All right.(2013，绍兴)
A．buy B．paint C．wash D．fetch
解析：由语境可知，说话者把钥匙忘在了会议室里，请听话者帮忙去取一下。fetch意为“去取(某物)”，符合语境。
答案：____D【例2】—How's Bob now?
—I hear the company ________ him a very good job，but he turned it down.(2014，武汉)
A．donated B．served C．offered D．introduced
解析：donate“捐赠”；serve“服务”；offer“提供”；introduce“介绍”。由语境可知句意为“我听说这个公司给他提供了一个很好的工作，但是他拒绝了”。
答案：____C【例3】He was wearing a pair of sunglasses and I didn't ________ him at first.(2014，天津)
A．advise B．promise C．recognise D．hear
解析：advise“建议”；promise“承诺”；recognise“认出”；hear“听到”。由语境可知后半句句意为“我开始没认出他。”
答案：____C高频考向二 系动词和助动词的用法
1．系动词。
本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与表语一起构成谓语。用来表示主语状态的系动词只有be(am，is，are，was，were)；用来表示主语继续或保持一种状态或态度的系动词有keep，stay，remain，stand等；表象系动词有look，seem，appear等；表示人的感觉的系动词有feel，smell，sound，taste等；表变化的系动词有become，get，grow，turn等。2．助动词。
本身无意义或意义不完整，不能独立用作谓语。它须与别的动词连用，帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等。常用助动词有be，have，has，had，do，does，did，will和shall等。【例4】This kind of peach looks really nice，but it ________ very sour.(2014，宁波)
A．tastes B．looks C．feels D．sounds
解析：由语境可知“这种桃子看起来很好，但是尝起来很酸”。taste“尝起来”；look“看起来”；feel“感觉”；sound“听起来”。
答案：____A【例5】—Do you like watching TV?
—No，but my brother ________.
A．does B．do C．is D．likes
解析：通常我们用助动词替代上文提到的动词，以免重复。my brother为第三人称单数，故“does”符合题意。
答案：____A高频考向三 情态动词的用法
情态动词有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的情绪、态度和语气。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
1．can(could)
①表能力，could为can的过去时。can与be able to的意义基本相同。但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而be able to能用于各种时态。②表可能性。
③表许可。口语中可代替may。
④can't表有把握的否定判断，意为“不可能”。
could在口语中，常代替can来向对方比较委婉客气地提出请求或表示看法。此时could不表示过去时。 2．may(might)
①用来征求对方意见，意为“可以”。口语性较强。might可以指过去时间；也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。
②表猜测和对可能性的判断，意为“可能；也许”。might可以指过去时间；也可指现在时间，语气更加不肯定。3．must
①表说话人的主观意志，意为“必须，应该”。无时态变化。其否定答语常用needn't或don't have to，意为“不必”。注：have to意为“不得不；必须”，主要强调受到外界客观因素的迫使。它可用于多种时态，且有人称和数的变化。
must的否定形式为mustn't，意为“不许；一定不要”，表示禁止和告诫。
②表示对事物的推测，意为“想必；一定”，只用于肯定句。且比may的语气要肯定得多。4．would
作情态动词时，无人称限制，表意愿，常与like，love连用。
5．should
①表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)，用于各种人称。②表推测，意为“想必一定；照说应该；估计”等。
【例6】—Are you in a hurry?
—No，I've got plenty of time.I ________ wait.(2014，盐城)
A．can B．can't C．must D．mustn't
解析：can“可能，能够”；can't“不能”；must“一定，必须”；mustn't“不允许，禁止”。由语境可知答语为“我有许多时间，我可以等。”
答案：___
A【例7】—May I play computer games now，Mom?
—No，you ________ finish your homework first.(2013，临沂)
A．must B．can C．could D．may
解析：must“必须”；can“能，可以”；could“能，可以”；may“可以，可能”。根据对话情景“妈妈，现在我可以玩电脑游戏吗？”“不能。”可知，本句句意为“你必须先完成你的家庭作业”，故用must，表示命令。
答案：____A【例8】—Must we clean the room at once?
—No，you ________.You can do it after school.(2014，广安)
A．mustn't B．needn't C．can't
解析：对“Must we...？”句型的否定回答应为“No，you needn't.”或“No，you don't have to.”
答案：____B【例9】—Someone is knocking at the door.Is it Ann?
—It ________ be her.She is giving a performance at the theater now.(2013，广东)
A．may B．must C．can't D．mustn't
解析：由答语第二句“她现在在剧院进行表演”说明敲门的一定不是她。may“可能是”，表示把握性不大的推测；must“一定是”，表示肯定推测；can't“不可能是”，用于有把握的否定推测；mustn't表示“千万别，一定别”。
答案：____C高频考向四 动词短语
动词短语指动词跟一个或两个介词或副词构成的固定短语。其意义与原来动词的意思不同。
1．动词短语的分类：
①动词＋介词
arrive in(at)，ask for，begin with，be from，come from，get to，laugh at，look for，send for，wait for②及物动词＋副词
find out，give up，look up (查找)，put on，pick up，ring up，take off (脱下)，take away，turn on，turn off，think over
③不及物动词＋副词
get up，go on，grow up，set off，stand up，take off(起飞) ④动词＋副词＋介词
get on (along) with，catch up with，come up with，go on with，look forward to
⑤动词＋名词＋介词
take part in，make friends with，take care of
⑥be＋形容词＋介词
be good at，be interested in，be good for，be worried about2．初中阶段常用短语如下：
①look短语
look for寻找；look after照顾；look over查看；look forward to渴望，向往；look at看着；look up抬头看，查找……；look into 调查；look out当心；look like看起来像；look the same看起来一样；look through浏览②put短语
put off推迟；put on 穿上，上演；put away 把……暂时收起来；put out扑灭；put down写下；put back放回；put up 举起，建造，张贴
③turn短语
turn on打开；turn off关掉；turn up把音量开大一点；turn down把音量开小一点；turn to朝向；turn into变成；turn over翻开，翻转；turn…into…把……变成…… ④get短语
get on/along(well)with与某人相处(融洽)；get up起床；get on上车(船、飞机、马)；get off下车(船、飞机、马)；get back回去；get back to回到；get away离开，逃脱；get down下来；get home到家；get into进入，陷入；get out(of)(从……)出去；get to到达；get together聚会⑤take短语
take off(飞机)起飞，脱掉(衣服)；take in吸收，上当；take away拿走；take out取出；take on雇佣，呈现；take down取下；take up占据时间、空间，开始从事，拿起
⑥agree短语
agree with同意某人的(意见、想法、分析、解释)；agree to同意(计划、办法)；agree to do sth.同意做某事⑦go短语
go over温习，复习；go swimming/skating/shopping/dancing/fishing/hunting/camping去游泳/溜冰/购物/跳舞/钓鱼/打猎/野营；go into走进；go out出去，熄灭；go away走开；go back回去，回顾；go up上升，攀登；go by时间流逝，从旁经过；go down下降，下沉；go for为……而去；go on继续；go through经历；go to school/work去上学/班；go home回家；go to the doctor去看医生⑧come短语
come along一道来；come in进来；come into进入；come out出来，出版；come down下来；come from来自；come back回来；come across偶然遇到；come over过来；come home回家；come into use开始使用；come on快，得啦，跟着来，加油⑨give短语
give up放弃；give off放出、发出(气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等)；give out精疲力竭、累倒，耗尽、用完；give away泄露，赠送；give in屈服，让步，投降⑩make短语
make a decision作出决定；make sb.do sth.让某人做某事；make a mistake犯错误；make progress取得进步；make friends with与……交朋友；make up编造，虚构，打扮，构成，组成；make a face做鬼脸 ?be短语
be friendly/kind to对……友好；be different from与……不同；be afraid of害怕；be popular with受……欢迎；be interested in对……感兴趣；be strict with对某人严格；be strict in对某事严格；be famous/known as作为……出名；be famous/known for因……著名；be surprised at对……惊讶；be pleased with对……满意；be proud of对……感到自豪；be polite/impolite to对某人有礼貌/不礼貌；be thankful/grateful to对某人感激；be good for对……有好处；be good at擅长于……；be made up of由……构成；be angry with对某人生气；be busy with忙于；be full of/filled with装满……；be late for迟到；be covered with覆盖着
?call短语
call at拜访(后接地点)；call on拜访(后接被拜访的对象)，号召；call back回电话；call up打电话，使回忆起；call for要求，提倡，邀请 【例10】We should think of others if we want to ________ them.(2014，重庆)
A．get on well with B．hear of
C．get ready for D．hear from
解析：由语境可知句意为“如果想要与别人相处融洽，我们应当多考虑别人”。get on well with“与某人相处融洽”；hear of“听说”；get ready for“准备”；hear from“收到某人来信”。
答案：____A【例11】—Oh，dear！Your room is untidy.
—Sorry，mom.I'll ________.(2014，云南)
A．set it up B．clean it up
C．put it up D．look it up
解析：set up“建立，设立”；clean up“打扫干净”；put up“张贴”；look up“查找”。由问句“你的房间不干净”可知，答句句意应为“我将去打扫干净”。
答案：____B【例12】Ann is going on a tour of Xi'an，and she wants to ________ Chinese history.(2013，江西)
A．dream of B．learn about
C．look through D．pass on
解析：dream of “梦到，梦想”；learn about“了解”；look through“浏览”；pass on“传递”。由前半句句意“安打算到西安旅行”可知，后半句句意为“她想了解中国的历史”。
答案：___ B一、单项选择。
1．—I'm leaving now.(2014，齐齐哈尔)
—____ your coat.It's cold outside.
A．Wear B．Putting on
C．Put on
2．Our school is planning to ____ a band to give the students a chance to show their musical talent.(2014，哈尔滨)
A．take up B．set up C．pick upCB3．She went to Hangzhou by train last night.She ____ be at home now.(2014，遵义)
A．must not B．may not C．can't
4．Mum，what are you cooking？It ____ so sweet.(2014，安徽)
A．tastes B．feels C．sounds D．smells
5．—I got a message saying my phone number won a prize worth $3，000.(2014，宁波)
—Too good to be true.Don't ____ it.
A．do B．hold C．make D．believeCDD6．The girl is greatly interested in the song.The lyrics of it ____ her thoughts and feelings.(2014，白银)
A．express B．discuss C．expect D．imagine
7．I used to ____ with my wife and watch TV movies at home.(2014，武汉)
A．show up B．wake up C．come up D．stay upAD8．—How was the concert last night?
—It was so good.Though it ____ nearly four hours，few people left early.(2014，荆州)
A．covered B．reached C．lasted D．played
9．Spring has come.We can't ____ the plan.The trees must be planted this week.(2014，安顺)
A．put off B．make up
C．come up with D．look upCA10．—Jason，I can't get Sue on the phone.
—I'm seeing her this afternoon.Do you want me to ____ any message？(2014，湖州)
A．pass on B．find out
C．look up D．work onA11．Children ____ sit in the front seat of a car.It's too dangerous.(2014，重庆)
A．need B．needn't C．must D．mustn't
D12．—____ you leave now？You only arrived here an hour ago.(2014，宁波)
—Sorry，but so much homework is waiting for me.
A．May B．Must C．Can D．Might
13．We ____ pay to get into the concert.It's free.(2014，江西)
A．can't B．mustn't
C．might not D．don't have toBD14．—Is the man over there Mr.Brown?
—It ____ him.He has gone to Brazil to watch the 2014 FIFA World Cup.(2014，黔西南)
A．may not B．can't be
C．shouldn't D．mustn't连 词B15．—You can hardly imagine the pleasure of talking on the Wechat (微信)．(2014，哈尔滨)
—Really？But it ____ cause you much trouble if somebody gets your personal information.
A．may B．need C．has to
A请完成考点跟踪突破26 考点跟踪突破26 动词和动词短语
1．—Lisa，hurry up！The bus is coming.(2014，福州)
—Oh，no.We __A__ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green.
A．mustn't B．needn't C．should
2．—Who was the first to __A__ school yesterday?
—Tom was.(2014，绥化)
A．reach B．get C．arrive
3．The book of poems written by Indian poet，Tiger，is so amazing that I can't __A__．(2014，遵义)
A．put it down B．put it off
C．put it out
4．Lily __A__ 30 yuan for the album.It was not expensive.(2014，六盘水)
A．paid B．cost C．took D．spend
5．Good manners can make people __A__ each other.(2014，兰州)
A．get on well with B．get off
C．get over D．get away
6．Coffee is ready.How nice it __A__！(2014，泸州)
A．smells B．sounds C．feels D．becomes
7．It only __D__ me half an hour ________ to school every day last term.(2014，临沂)
A．takes；riding B．spent；to ride
C．cost；walk D．took；to walk
8．—Must I hand in my homework now，Mr.Smith?
—No，you __D__．(2014，北京)
A．can't B．shouldn't C．wouldn't D．needn't
9．The girl is greatly interested in the song.The lyrics of it __A__ her thoughts and feelings.(2014，平凉)
A．express B．discuss C．expect D．imagine
10．As time __A__，you'll come to think of English as your friend and love it.(2014，安徽)
A．goes by B．runs out C．takes off D．turns up
11．—The shoes are very nice.I'll take them.
—You'd better __D__ first.I'm afraid the size is a bit small for you.(2014，呼和浩特)
A．pay for them B．take them off
C．put them on D．try them on
12．—Are you interested in shopping online?
—Not so much.We __B__ see real products but pictures.(2014，台州)
A．shouldn't B．can't C．mustn't D．needn't
13．Look at the “No Parking” sign.You __D__ park your car here.(2014，天津)
A．should B．must C．needn't D．mustn't
14．—Let's go climbing，shall we?
—You __C__ be joking！Don't you know I'm afraid of high places.(2014，绍兴)
A．may B．can C．must D．should
15．Li Yan is a helpful girl.She always __C__ my little sister while I'm away.(2014，杭州)
A．looks for B．takes after
C．looks after D．runs after
16．Choosing the right circle of the friends will __A__ us a lot of troubles，heartaches and possibly a life of deep regret.(2014，河南)
A．save B．share C．keep D．bring
17．—Do you like swimming in winter？(2014，荆州)
—Of course.The water __A__ a bit cold at first，but then I am warm and full of energy.
A．feels B．tastes C．smells D．looks
18．As the road to the airport is under repair，we will have to __D__ early to get there in time.(2014，宁波)
A．turn off B．take off C．put off D．set off
19．The boats take different routes，but they all __C__ in the same place.(2014，杭州)
A．give up B．clear up C．end up D．make up
20．—Could you please have a walk with me?
—Sorry，I __C__．I have something important to do now.(2014，泰安)
A．mustn't B．needn't C．can't D．may not
21．I __A__ follow you.Would you please repeat it？(2014，河北)
A．can't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．shouldn't
22．—__A__ I know by what time you want the project to be done?
—By the day after tomorrow，________ you finish it on time？(2014，连云港)
A．May；can B．Must；need
C．Could；must D．Need；would
23．We __D__ use mobile phones when the plane takes off.(2014，云南)
A．may not B．shouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't
24．This bus doesn't go to the train station.I'm afraid you'll have to __C__ at the library and take the A52.(2014，河南)
A．take off B．put off C．get off D．turn off
25．Hi，guy！You __B__ not park your car here.It's for our customers only.(2014，黔南)
A．need B．can C．will D．may
26．The radio is too loud.Please __A__．(2014，绵阳)
A．turn it down B．turn it up
C．turn it on D．turn in over
27．—Excuse me，can I __A__ your pen?
—Sorry，I have ________ it to Bob.(2014，绵阳)
A．borrow；lent B．borrow；borrowed
C．lend；borrowed D．lend；lent
28．—What are you packing so many books for，Grandma?
—I'll __B__ to the kids in West China.(2013，威海)
A．give them up B．give them away
C．give them off D．give them in
29．—Let's plan a surprise party for our class.What's your idea?
—Why not __D__ a short play？(2014，阜康)
A．get on B．keep on C．have on D．put on
30．—Who's singing in the garden?
—It __A__ be Mr.Brown.He always practices singing at this time.(2014，长沙)
A．must B．can't C．need
31．We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend，but it __C__ the weather.(2012，遂宁)
A．keeps on B．puts on C．depends on
32．During the World Cup，a large number of soccer fans fly to Brazil.It has __C__ a great place for fans to have fun.(2014，山西)
A．made B．kept C．become
33．Many successful people have the same quality—they never __A__ no matter what difficulties they've had.(2014，山西)
A．give up B．stay up C．cheer up
34．—Smart phones are more and more popular now.
—So they are.But they still __B__ too much.(2014，十堰)
A．pay B．cost C．take D．spend
35．—The song Where Did the Time Go __B__ the old days and the love of family.
—Sure.It's my favorite song.(2014，十堰)
A．helps us out B．reminds us of
C．lets us down D．regards us as
36．—__D__ you come with me to Lang Lang's piano concert this evening？(2014，广东)
—I'd love to，but I have to study for my math test.
A．Should B．May C．Must D．Can
37．—I will miss my family when I go abroad for further study this autumn.(2014，广东)
—Don't worry.You can __D__ them by e-mail.
A．come up with B．get along with
C．make friends with D．keep in touch with
38．Some people __C__ feel sick when they read a book in a car or on a boat.(2014，梅州)
A．must B．should C．may D．need
39．—It is raining.Shall we __D__ the running race?
—No problem.(2014，玉林)
A．put down B．put up C．put on D．put off
40．Here is my phone number.You __B__ call me anytime you like.(2014，衢州)
A．must B．can C．should D．need
41．It's a bad habit to __D__ what you can do today until tomorrow.(2014，衢州)
A．write down B．talk about
C．worry about D．put off
42．—Must I come at 6：30 tomorrow morning?
—No，you needn't.You __A__ come one hour later.(2014，绵阳)
A．can B．need C．should D．must
43．—Who reached the station on time?
—I __C__！In fact，I arrived there 5 minutes earlier.(2014，兰州)
A．was B．reached C．did D．do
44．—I'm afraid a car is too expensive for me.
—But more and more Chinese can __B__ to buy one.
A．expect B．afford C．choose D．offer
45．The lady __C__ dancing as a hobby in her sixties，and she is really good at it now.
A．dressed up B．looked up
C．took up D．put up
46．My uncle called and asked me if I had __C__ the birthday gift from him.
A．invented B．raised C．received D．ordered
47．Please check your paper to __D__ there are no mistakes.
A．think of B．try on
C．find out D．make sure
48．I have to well prepare for the math test tomorrow because it __D__ 30% of the final exam.
A．sets up B．puts up
C．uses up D．makes up
49．The famous writer introduced us his new book that will __B__ next month.
A．give out B．come out C．put out D．work out
50．—Would you please __B__ the paper for me and see if there are any mistakes?
—Of course I will.
A．look into B．look through
C．look around D．look away
