课件33张PPT。人教版英语 书面表达 第四十六讲(2014，厦门)
假设你是思湘，你的美国笔友艾米来信了解中国的传统节日端午节。请根据如下提示用英语写一篇80词以上的回信给她。
注意：1.信中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息。
2．信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
3．参考词汇：端午节the Dragon Boat Festival；为了纪念in memory of
Dear Amy，
I learn from your letter that you want to know something about Chinese traditional festival—The Dragon Boat Festival.The festival has a history of more than 2 000 years.It falls on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese lunar calendar.On that day，people watch exciting dragon-boat races and make delicious Zongzi，a kind of special food with sticky rice，meat etc.wrapped in bamboo leaves.These two are both done in memory of Qu Yuan，a great poet in history.
In a word，we all love the festival because it's a good reminder to look back on history and a wonderful time to get together with family.I hope that you can come to celebrate it with us in the near future.
Best wishes!
Si_Xiang书面表达题主要考查学生在特定的语境中综合运用语言进行表达的能力；同时，还考查学生英文书写的规范性、美观性等。
一、常见的书面表达题型
1．根据文体归类：日记、书信、通知、便条、启事、贺卡、发言稿、调查报告、记叙文、说明文及议论文等。然而许多试题都将记叙、议论、说明等表达方式融为一体，形成复合型的写作。
2．根据所提供的材料形式归类：图画作文、图表作文、提纲作文及命题作文等。这样的测试形式既有一定的控制性，又有一定的开放性，为考生展示其写作能力提供了发挥的空间。 二、如何写出优美的文章
1．选准词语。
①语言是交流的工具。要使用通用的、合乎习惯的词语，切忌使用生僻的词汇。
②选词要达意，英语有许多同义但用法不同的词汇或短语，切忌混淆用法。
③用词要简明扼要，在不确定的情况下，宁可用常用词简单明了地表达信息。2．写好句子。
①运用所学词汇、短语，结合一定的语法知识，按照句子的结构特点，直接用英语写出相应句子。
②运用固定句式表达信息，把比较复杂的句子分成两个或两个以上的简单句子，减少写错句的几率。
③把两个简单句用一个复合句或较复杂的简单句表达出来，这样可提高文章的可读性，但在没有把握的情况下慎用。
④遇见生词或不熟悉的表达时，可以在保持原意的基础上，用不同的表达方式写出来。
3．设计段落。
一个完整的段落要有主题句、拓展句及结尾句。正确运用连接词使语言衔接自然、行文流畅。
4．书写规范、卷面整洁。
三、如何提升写作
1．熟悉五种基本句式及一些使用频率较高的句式。
2．收集优秀范文并大声朗读来扩展思路及培养语感。
3．坚持常规练习。即：词——词组——句子——段落——篇章。切记：简单句是主菜，要做到运用自如；复杂句是佐料，有之增色，缺之乏味，但不可舍本逐末，以免弄巧成拙。4．仔细审题，要点齐全，人称及时态运用正确。
【例1】 假设你和朋友将在今年暑假参加以“拥抱大自然”为主题的户外拓展夏令营，其中包括小组自由活动。请你为你们小组设计一个活动方案。
提示词语：climb mountains；go fishing；pick fruits；have a campfire (篝火晚会)
要求：1.写明你们组计划要做的具体活动，并给出理由；
2．提示词语仅供参考，可增减内容；
3．词数80～100。开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名与地名。We are going for a camp this summer.I'm glad to make a plan for our group.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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解析：第一步：认真仔细地阅读提示，思考所提供的信息，计划文章大致内容。第二步：根据信息要求遣词造句，连句成文。第三步：通读全文，纠正错误，书写整洁。
写作要点：1.具体的活动要丰富多彩。2.写出安排这些活动的理由。
注意：此文是计划打算，应用将来时态。切忌写成流水账。 【参考范文】
We_are_going_for_a_camp_this_summer.I'm_glad_to_make_a_plan_for_our_group.
First of all，we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.After that，we'll have a fruit-picking competition between boys and girls，which will help us know each other better.What's more，there will be a campfire.We can enjoy ourselves by singing，dancing and telling stories.Won't it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends?
We are looking forward to the summer camp because we can forget the busy work at school，and I believe we'll have a wonderful time together.精彩再现：
①文章内容完整，叙述清楚，要点一目了然。
②使用了first of all，after that，what's more表顺序的副词来使文章条理更清晰，更流畅。
③经典句型：?we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise.?Won't it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends？?I believe we'll have a wonderful time together.【例2】 近年来，“光盘行动(Clean Plate Campaign)”悄然流行，提倡“节约型社会(economized society)”已成共识。请你根据下列表格中的信息，用英语为某英语报社写一篇短文，谈谈作为一名中学生，在日常生活中应该如何勤俭节约、反对浪费，并作简要评论。
注意：(1)短文须包括上述要点，应适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(2)词数：80词左右，短文的标题和开头已给出(不计入总词数)。Let's Start with the Things Around Us!
Recently，the “Clean Plate Campaign” has been very popular with many people.Our government is doing its best to build an economized society.
As a middle school student，I think ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
解析：第一步：认真阅读题目要求，仔细观察表格中的内容。第二步：根据提示内容，把握好文章的中心，适度发挥。选用合适的副词使文章条理清晰。第三步：通读全文，检查要点是否遗漏，纠正错误，书写要整洁。
注意：不仅要写出生活中“勤俭节约，反对浪费”的实例，更重要的是“作简要评价”，这才是文章的点睛之笔。【参考范文】Let's Start with the Things Around Us!
Recently，the_“Clean_Plate_Campaign”_has_been_very_popular_with_many_people.Our_government_is_doing_its_best_to_build_an_economized_society.
As_a_middle_school_student，I_think we should join in the campaign.We can start with the things around us.Firstly，make sure that the lights are turned off when we finish our work and leave the room.Secondly，we can save as much paper as possible.Thirdly，it is important for us to form the habit of turning off the tap after it is used.What's more，we must not spend money buying unnecessary things.When we eat，we'd better not use one-off chopsticks and we mustn't waste food.
In a word，saving energy is very important.Let's work together from now on!精彩再现：
①整篇文章结构完整，内容详尽，要点清晰。
②层次清晰。先表明自己观点，后用firstly，secondly，thirdly，what's more表顺序的副词把作者观点一一陈列，清楚明了，条理分明。后又用in a word作出总结。
③经典句型：?We can save as much paper as possible.?It's important for us to… ?saving energy is very important.(一)(2014，河南)
你身边的每个人对你来说都具有特殊的意义。请以“My Special ________”为题用英语写一篇短文，描述你家庭的某个成员或你的朋友、老师、同学等。
要求：1.在题目空格处填入你要描述的对象， 如grandma，teacher 或friend等；2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.80词左右。
My_Special_Grandma
My grandma is special to me because we're like friends.She always helps me out whenever I am in trouble.There are no secrets between us.
When I am with my grandma，we spend a lot of happy time together.I know my grandma is very smart because she seems to know everything.My grandma is good at many things.One thing she's best at is cooking.She often cooks delicious food for me.I know my grandma loves me and I love her as well.(二)(2014，江西)
阅读使人明智，阅读使人充实，某英文报为了了解中学生的课外阅读情况，向广大中学生做调查。请根据下面图表信息写一篇短文，介绍课外阅读的益处、你的课外阅读情况及阅读计划。
提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；
2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；
3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。Reading Outside Class
As we all know，reading has a lot of benefit.It can open up our eyes because books are full of knowledge，and it makes us wiser and richer in life.I like reading newspapers and magazines，from which I get lots of fun and learn about what's going on around the world.I also read story books and novels in my spare time which make me relaxed and happy.I seldom read e-books because they're bad for eyes.On weekends，I usually spend a whole afternoon reading in the library.And I also read for about half an hour before going to bed every night.
Summer vacation is coming.I plan to do more reading.I am going to read more classics and more English books to improve my language skills.I'm sure reading can make a difference to my life.
(三)(2014，陕西)
在日常生活中，你看到身边有哪些不良现象？请列举一些并就某些方面说说你的做法和想法。
提示：speak loudly，cut in line (插队)，waste food，unfriendly (冷漠的)，offer no help...
要求：1.参考提示语，可适当发挥；2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；3.文中不得出现真实姓名和地名；4.词数：不少于80词。(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)
In our daily life，I usually see some bad behavior around us.For example，I_often_hear_people_speak_and_laugh_loudly_in_public.It_is_too_noisy.Some_people_cut_in_line_while_others_are_waiting.It_makes_me_unhappy.And_in_our_school_dining_hall，I_often_see_students_waste_food.At_times，people_seem_unfriendly_and_offer_no_help_when_others_are_in_trouble.For_me，my_parents_are_strict_with_me.They_often_tell_me_to_behave_well.So_I_never_drop_litter_about.And_I_never_draw_on_the_desk_or_on_the_wall.I_am_polite_to_old_people.
I think if everyone can think more of others，we'll have a better living environment.(四)(2014，鄂州)
不久前，全国有部分省市出台一项新政策：高考英语将由150分降为100分，此事在国内引起极大争议。有的人认为此举很好，有的人则认为不妥。作为一名中学生，你的看法是什么？请分析其原因。
注意：1.词数80词左右；开头已给出，但不计入总词数。2.文中不得出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。3.参考词汇：reform改革；master掌握；advanced先进的Not long before，a new policy aroused a heated discussion that the mark of English will be reduced from 150 to 100.
As a student，in my opinion，it is of the same importance to learn Chinese and English well.We Chinese certainly should learn our mother language well.At the same time，English is an international language and tool.We should master it to better know about the world and learn advanced technology abroad to serve our motherland.What's more，as China is developing quickly，we have more chances to communicate with foreigners in English.
In a word，whether the mark of English will be reduced or not，we students should learn it well.(五)(2014，玉林)
我们的生活中处处充满着爱，有父母的爱，有老师的爱，有同学的爱，有朋友的爱……请以“Love Around Me (我身边的爱)”为题，写一篇短文，内容要点如下
参考词汇：1.receive love；2.cook；3.teach knowledge；4.get on...with；5.chat online，share (分享)；6.thank
要求：1.题目开头已给出，不计入总词数内；2.包括所有内容要点，不要逐句翻译，可以适当发挥。(参考词汇仅供参考)；3.语句通顺，语法正确，80个词左右；4.文中不得出现考生真实的姓名、地点和所在学校的名称。 ：Love Around Me
There is lots of love around me in my everyday life.Every day I can receive love from my parents，my teachers，my classmates and my friends.In the morning，my lovely mother cooks delicious food for me.Then my father drives me to school.At school all the teachers not only look after me well but also teach me lots of useful knowledge.My dear classmates and I study together happily，getting on well with each other.I chat online with friends in my spare time.They often share my pleasure and trouble.I often feel happy and excited when I get love from them.I make a decision to study hard and make great progress.
Here，I should say to them，“Thank you for all your love.” (六)(2014，苏州)
假设你校为了配合创建“文化校园高效课堂”活动，最近以“学生做作业时是否应该在网上找答案？”为题做了一个调查。调查发现一些学生赞成，但许多学生反对这种做法。请你根据调查情况和下列表格中的要点提示，以“Think Before You Search Online”为题用英语写一篇短文。
注意：
1．词数90左右。短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2．短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；
3．短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。Think Before You Search Online
Some students now have a new use for the Internet—helping them with their homework.But different people have different ideas about it.
Some students agree with it.They sometimes don't know the answers to the problems，so they have to turn to the Internet.They think they can learn from other people.At the same time，it's easy and it saves time.
However，not all the students welcome this.Many students think simply copying the answers won't improve their abilities and it may make students stop thinking.
I think students should first think over the problems by themselves.If we use the Internet properly，it could be a good way to study.(七)(2014，绥化)
放学回家的公交车上，你看见一位老爷爷和他十岁左右的孙子上了车，老人拿着书包，你给老人让座，老人的孙子却坐了下来，还大声喊着向老人要水喝，并在窗户上乱写乱画，对此请写一篇短文，谈谈你对这件事的看法。
参考词汇：grandson，shout to，respect (尊重)
On my way home on the bus，I saw an old man get on with his grandson of about ten.He was carrying the boy's schoolbag.I gave my seat to the old man at once.However，the boy sat down first.The old man had to stand nearby.After a while，the boy shouted to his grandpa for water，then drew something on the window of the bus.
When I saw this，I got very angry.I think the boy should not only respect and take care of the old man but also keep the environment clean.(八)(2014，滨州)
假如你校将举行以“中学生自我保护”为主题的英语征文活动，请根据下面的提示写一篇短文。
提示：1.不带管制刀具(restricted knives)到校；2.上下楼梯不要拥挤；3.注意饮食安全；4.注意交通安全，遇到紧急情况(emergency)要报警。
要求：1.短文应包括所提示的内容，可以适当发挥；2.短文中不得出现真实的人名、地名及能够透露个人身份的信息；3.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。How To Protect Ourselves
How to protect ourselves is especially important to us students.
Firstly，don't_take_restricted_knives_to_school.They_might_hurt_our_classmates_or_ourselves.Secondly，there_are_too_many_students_at_school，and_our_hallways_are_too_narrow.So_don't_crowd_with_each_other_especially_when_we_go_upstairs_or_downstairs.Or_there_may_be_an_accident.Thirdly，we_should_eat_more_healthy_food_and_we'd_better_keep_away_from_junk_food，At_last，we_must_pay_attention_to_the_traffic.Remember_to_call_the_police_for_help_when_we_have_an_emergency.
It's our duty to protect ourselves.Let's start from today.(九)(2014，丽水)
暑期即将来临，对于如何安排孩子初中毕业后的第一个假期，家长们和孩子自己有着各自的想法。根据下表提示，写一篇英语短文，描述他们的不同看法，同时发表你自己对暑期安排的观点。
注意：1.表格中的观点仅供参考，允许适当发挥；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3．文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等信息；
4．词数：80～100。
How will you spend the coming summer vacation？Parents and kids have their own opinions.
Some parents think kids should get ready for high school in the summer，so it's necessary to take summer courses.They also think kids can help do housework to learn some life skills.But many children disagree.They think it's time to take a good rest.They need to hang out with their friends and do some sightseeing.
In my opinion，we children can have a talk with our parents.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.We need to relax ourselves after working so hard at school.It's good for us to have a trip or some sports.(十)(2014，台州)
根据下面图片的内容，以“Mother Stops Him”为题，用英语写一篇短文，向某英语报社投稿。要求如下：
(1)描述图中发生的事件；
(2)简单分析妈妈的行为对孩子可能产生的不良影响；
(3)指出老人若不被扶起可能出现的后果；
(4)倡议人们彼此信任、互相帮助；
(5)词数：80～100。标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：lift...up扶起 knock...down撞倒
trust信任Mother Stops Him
Here is a picture from a news report.In the picture，we can see three people.An old woman is lying on the ground.A boy is trying to lift her up，but his mother stops him at once.“Don't do that！Others may think it's you who have knocked her down，” she says.
In my opinion，the mother's behavior is not right.A mother should encourage her child to give others a hand.How can a child become warm-hearted if he is educated in such a way？And the old woman might feel worse or even be hit by the traffic unless we move her away in time.
I hope it won't happen again.Let's trust each other and help anyone in trouble.请完成考点跟踪突破46考点跟踪突破46 书面表达
(一)(2014，咸宁)
课外活动可以让我们增长知识，发展智力，开阔视野和塑造性格。许多学校创造性地开展了课外活动，如朗诵、唱歌、讲故事、演话剧、办刊物以及举办各种体育活动等。
最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After-class Activities”的栏目。请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。
提示：1.你校开展课外活动的情况；
2．你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；
3．为同学选择课外活动或为学校开设课外活动提出建议。
注意：1.词数80以上；
2．文中不得提及具体人名、校名及地名；
3．稿件的开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
提示词：take part in，sports，interesting，favorite
After-class Activities
Nowadays，after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in junior schools.In our school there are various kinds of activities，for example，arts and sports.We enjoy them very much.Playing football and reading are my favorites which do me lots of good.Besides building my body and improving my skills，they also free me from the heavy work of study.
Here I have some suggestions.To students，we'd better choose the activities which interest us and suit us；Schools should organize more activities for students and leave more time for activities by giving us less homework.
Dear friends, please actively take part in after-activities，which will not only make your school life colorful，but also improve your learning.
(二)(2014，荆州)
莹莹的父母外出打工了，她到学校寄宿学习。开始她感到不习惯，在老师和朋友们的帮助下，现在学习、生活非常好。假设你是莹莹，请根据下表提示给父母写一封信，介绍你的在校情况和今后的打算。
1
Subjects
favorite，do well in...
2
Activities
competition，sports...
3
Friends
get on well...
4
Spare time
wash clothes，reading...
5
Plan
work hard...
要求：1.文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。
2．条理清楚、语句通顺、语法正确、书写规范。
3．可以适当发挥。
4．词数：80词左右。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mom and Dad，
How time flies！I miss you very much！I was not used to everything here a few weeks ago.But now I enjoy my school life.We_have_nine_subjects_at_school.My_favorite_subject_is_history.It's_interesting_and_I_can_learn_a_lot_from_it.With_the_help_of_my_teacher，I_do_better_in_English.There_are_many_activities_at_school.Last_week，I_took_part_in_a_singing_competition_and_won_the_first_prize.I_have_made_lots_of_friends_here_and_we_get_on_well_with_each_other.In_my_spare_time，I_usually_wash_my_clothes_or_do_some_reading.Sometimes_I_play_sports_with_my_friends.I'm_stronger_than_before.Don't_worry_about_me.I_can_look_after_myself_very_well_and_will_work_harder_in_the_future.
Yours，
Yingying
(三)(2014，河北)
请阅读Tony从美国发来的电子邮件，并根据所给提示和要求，以李华的名义回复。
Hey Li Hua!
How are you doing？I've been busy since I came back from China.Guess what!
I'm learning Chinese cooking，and I really enjoy it.
One more thing，I hear you have Mid-Autumn Festival in China.What's the date of the festival？How do you celebrate?
Tony
提示：1.Ask Tony something about his Chinese cooking.
2．Answer his questions about Mid-Autumn Festival.
要求：1.邮件须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。
2．邮件中不得涉及真实的人名、校名和地名。开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
3．词数：60～80。
参考词汇：the lunar calendar (阴历)，moon cake，watch the moon，the symbol of reunion (团圆的象征)
Hi，Tony，
Good to hear from you！It's amazing that you're learning Chinese cooking.Why are you interested in it？How are you learning？And what can you cook？Hope to enjoy your dishes next time!
Yes，we really have Mid-Autumn Festival.It's on August 15th of the lunar calendar.It's one of the most important festivals in China.All the family members get together for a big dinner that day.We usually eat moon cakes while watching the moon at night.We believe the full moon is the symbol of reunion.
Bye for now，
Li Hua
(四)(2014，黄石)
昨天是端午节，学校组织我班同学去幸福养老院慰问老人，给老人送温暖。请你给校刊写篇文章，记叙当天的活动。
主要内容：1.上午与老人们一起谈笑风生地包粽子。
2．下午给老人们表演节目并与他们谈心。
3．谈谈你对此次活动的感想。
要求：1.按所给提示可适当发挥，无需标题。
2．词数：80～100。
参考词汇：端午节Dragon Boat Festival；粽子Zongzi；养老院nursing houses
Yesterday we went to Happiness Nursing House to help the old people.
When we arrived，we were warmly welcomed by the old people.First we introduced ourselves.Then we were packing zongzi together with the old，talking and laughing.After lunch，we performed and sang songs with them happily.Finally all the old people said goodbye to us at the gate.
At the end of the day，we were very happy because we did a good deed.I think it necessary for us teenagers to learn how to respect and take care of the others，especially，the old，it is also a traditional virtue to help the old.
(五)(2014，重庆)
为了更好地开展2014年全民阅读活动，有关部门就如何为市民创造良好的阅读环境广泛征求意见，你班将举行一次英语主题班会来讨论这个话题。请你写一篇发言稿，提出自己的想法和建议。
要点提示：1.阅读的好处；
2．你的建议(如：建更多小型图书馆，经常性地介绍好书等)；
3．……
要求：1.词数：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
2．文中不能出现自己的名字和所在学校的名称。
Hello，my dear friends.As we all know，reading is very important to us.It can not only make us know about the world but also help us relax ourselves.To make people love reading，I have some good advice.
First，we can build lots of small libraries in the city.Second，if new books can be introduced often，more people will be interested in reading.Third，if the seats in the libraries are very comfortable，people will enjoy reading there a lot.
I hope my advice can work and more people will keep reading.
(六)(2014，成都)
你即将升入高中，面临寄宿 (a boarding school) 和走读 (a day school)两类学校的选择。请你以“A boarding school or a day school？”为标题，写一篇 80～120 词的短文，内容须包括：
1．读寄宿学校的利和弊各一点；
2．读走读学校的利和弊各一点；
3．你的选择和理由(理由不得与上述两点内容重复)。
注意：1.短文必须包括所有要点；
2．可根据内容要点适当添加有关细节，使行文连贯；
3．书写规范，卷面整洁。
We are going to graduate from our middle school，and we will make a choice to enter a boarding school or a day school.Both kinds of schools have their advantages and disadvantages.
It we choose a boarding school，we will save more time to study.However，we may have less time staying with our family.If we choose a day school，parents can know more about our studies.At the same time，computer games may take a bad influence on us.
As for me，I prefer a boarding school.We should concentrate on our study to get good grades in high school.
(七)(2014，宁波)
假设你是Mike，后天是父亲节，请你根据下面所给的信息，写一封信回忆去年夏天与父亲一起爬山的难忘经历，作为一份送给父亲的特殊礼物。
注意：①信中应包含所有提供的信息并展开合理的想象；
②信中不能出现真实的姓名；
③词数：80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)
Dear Daddy，
It's a gift for Father's Day when you are reading it.
I still remember the day last summer when we_went_mountain_climbing_together.We_started_early_in_the_morning.But，unluckily，it_began_to_rain_on_the_half_way.I_got_all_wet_through，feeling_cold_and_tired.So_I_couldn't_help_complaining_and_wanted_to_give_up.However，you_encouraged_me_not_to_give_up_and_put_your_coat_on_me_softly.You_said，“We_won't_see_the_fantastic_scenery_unless_we_reach_the_top”．You_really_cheered_me_up.We_got_to_the_top_at_last_and_enjoyed_the_beauty_of_the_nature_that_I_had_never_seen.
Now，I want to say：I love you，Daddy，You raise me up!
Happy Father's Day!
Yours，
Mike
