2024届高考英语二轮复习:定语从句大突破(一)课件(20张)

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名称 2024届高考英语二轮复习:定语从句大突破(一)课件(20张)
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更新时间 2023-09-06 11:30:50

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(共20张PPT)
定语从句大突破
定语从句(Attributive Clause)在一个句子中作定语成分,用来修饰一个名词或者代词,其作用相当于形容词,因此,定语从句也可以叫做形容词从句。
在定语从句中,被修饰的词叫做先行词,定语从句由关系词引出,常出现在先行词之后。
定语从句
CONTENTS
概念解析
特殊用法
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
1
2
3
4
目录
概念解析
zero极简主义设计,极致简约风潮流所向,通用设计,完美兼容,打造最实用,最具个性的演示方案,让你的演示卓越非凡。
1
先行词 定语从句所修饰的词,常由名词或代词充当。
先行词 类别 例句
名词 表示人的名称 如sister等 This is my sister who is beautiful.
表示物的名称,如computer That is the computer which my mom bought for me.
代词 those Good friends are those who always help you in need.
关系词 引导词,分为关系词和关系代词两大类
关系词的作用
1、连接先行词和从句
2、在从句中充当一个成分(主宾表定状)
关系词的选择
step1 确定先行词指人还是指物
step2 确定关系词在句中充当什么成分
限制性定语从句
zero极简主义设计,极致简约风潮流所向,通用设计,完美兼容,打造最实用,最具个性的演示方案,让你的演示卓越非凡。
2
限制性定语从句
先行词 作用 关系代词 关系副词
主 宾 表 定 状
人 who/ that whom/who/that/省略 that/省略 whose when
where
物 which/that which/that/省略
why
关系代词
1
9
【例题解析】
We are students who/that will go to university.
根据选择先行词的步骤,首先看红色的先行词是物还是人,可以框定选择范围有who或者that,还应该考虑到是不是有情况使用whom或者省略不填
分词先行词在句中做的成分,后面紧接着谓语动词go 说明应该做主语,做主语只能使用who/that
因此正确答案就是who/that
关系代词
1
10
先行词的选择是定语从句中的重要考点
以下是几个练习题,大家可以试试
(1)分析结构
(2)讨论为什么选择这个先行词
(3)还有什么可以变化的情况
She is the teacher who teaches English at school.
This is the song which makes me quite happy.
The man whom you talked with is our math teacher.
关系代词
1
11
结构转换: whose+n=the+n+of which /of whom
=of which/of whom+the+n
I feel sorry for the country whose people are suffering a lot
=I feel sorry for the country are suffering a lot.
=I feel sorry for the country are suffering a lot.
the people of which
of which the people
关系代词
1
12
whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时, whose+名词=名词+ of which = of which+名词。如 :
结构转换: whose+n=the+n+of which /of whom
=of which/of whom+the+n
I feel sorry for the country whose people are suffering a lot
=I feel sorry for the country the people of which are suffering a lot.
=I feel sorry for the country of which the people are suffering a lot.
关系副词
2
13
when 指时间,在句中做时间状语
先行词通常为time, day, morning,night, week,year
where 指地点,在从句中做地点状语
先行词通常为:place,spot street house room city town country
why 指原因或理由
先行词只有reason
关系副词
2
14
注意点1: 当先行词是表示时间的time,day等表地点的palace,house等以及reason时,分析从句的结构,确定究竟用关系代词还是关系副词
I will never forget the day when she won the game.
I will never forget the days that we spent together last summer.
关系副词
2
15
注意点2:
当occasion 表示特定的时间或者场合时,定语从句用when引导;
Describe an occasion when you had to give up some important things.
当point, situation, position, condition, stage 等词用作先行词表示“情况,境地,场合等意思时,定语从句引导词用where
We are in a position where we can not do anything.
关系副词
2
16
注意点3
在意义上关系副词(when/where/why)=介词+which
例如:
I was in Beijing that day when (=on which) he arrived
The office where(=in which) he works in on the third floor.
This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it.
非限制性定语从句
zero极简主义设计,极致简约风潮流所向,通用设计,完美兼容,打造最实用,最具个性的演示方案,让你的演示卓越非凡。
3
限制性定语从句
先行词 作用 关系代词 关系副词
主 宾 表 定 状
人 who/ that whom/who/that/省略 that/省略 whose
物 which/that which/that/省略
不能用that 和why 引导
不可以省略
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
1、对先行词起修饰作用,如果去点,主句意思不完整明确
2、先行词时名词、代词或名词性短语
非限制性定语从句
1.对先行词的附加说明,与主句的关系并不非常密切。
2.还可以是整个句子
非限制性定语从句
That tree, branches are almost gone, is very old.
His speaking skill, was bad one year ago, has improved a lot.
Going on a diet, is very popular, is not always healthy.
which
which
which