（2015聚焦中考·安徽专用）2015中考英语复习教师用书word文档教案：第11讲　八年级(下)Units 3－4

第11讲　八年级(下)Units 3－4
1．borrow(v.)→__lend__(反义词)借出
2．waste(v.)→__wasted__(adj.)浪费的
3．stress(n.)→__stressful__(adj.)有压力的
4．develop(v.)→__development__(n.)发展
5．fair(adj.)→__fairness__(n.)公正性→__unfair__(adj.反义词)不公平的
6．ill(adj.)→__illness__(n.)病
7．independent(adj.)→__independence__(n.)独立
8．communicate(v.)→__communication__(n.)交流；沟通
9．clear(adj.)→__clearly__(adv.)清楚地
10．compete(v.)→__competition__(n.)竞争
11．type(n.)→__typical__(adj.)典型的
12．usual(adj.)→__unusual__(adj.反义词)不寻常的→__usually__(adv.)通常
1．__take___ __out__ the rubbish　倒垃圾
2．__sweep__ the floor　扫地
3．__make__ the bed　铺床
4．__all__ the time　频繁；反复
5．__as___ __soon___ __as__　一……就……；尽快
6．in __order___ __to__　目的是；为了
7．__depend__ on　依靠；信赖
8．take __care__ of　照顾；处理
9．__big___ __deal__　重要的事
10．look __through__　浏览；快速查看
11．work __out__　解决；成功地发展
12．get on (well) __with__　和睦相处；关系良好
13．argue __with__ sb.　和某人吵架
14．give sth.__back__ to sb.把某物归还给某人
15．__offer__ to do sth.　主动做某事
16．__communicate__ with　与……交流
17．__compete__ with sb.　与某人竞争
18．__cut__ out　删除；删去
19．not...__until__．..直到……才……
20．compare...__with__．..　比较；对比
21．in one's __opinion__　依……看
22．get into a __fight___ __with__ sb.　和某人打架
1．Could I __at___ __least__ finish __watching__ this show？我至少看完这个节目行吗？
2．She __won't___ __be__ happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。
3．She didn't do any h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ousework and __neither___ __did__ I．她没有做家务活，我也没有做。
4．—Could I use your computer？我能用一下你的电脑吗？
—Sorry.I'm going to __work___ __on___ __it__ now.对不起，我现在要用它工作。
5．My mom came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) over __as___ __soon___ __as__ I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
6．Children these da ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys __depend___ __on__ their parents too much.如今的孩子们依赖父母亲太多。
7．__The___ __earl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ier__ kids learn to be independent __the___ __better__ it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
8．My parents don' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t __allow__ me to __hang___ __out__ with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。
9．__Why___ __don't___ __you__ go to sleep earlier this evening？为什么今晚你不早点儿去睡呢？
10．I found my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sister __looking___ __through__ my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹翻阅我的东西。
11．__Althoug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h__ she's wrong，it's not a __big___ __deal．尽管她不对，但这也不是什么大不了的事。
12．My problem is th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at I can't __get___ __on___ __with__ my family.我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。
13．__Instead__，he w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atches __whatever__ he wants until late at night.相反，晚上无论他想看什么就看到很晚。
14．You should __e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xplain__ that you don't __mind__ him __watching__ TV all the time.你应该说明你不介意他总是看电视。
15．You are __afraid_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_ __of__ speaking __in___ __front_ __of__ people.你害怕在人们面前说话。
16．Your best friend doesn't trust you __any___ __more__．你最好的朋友不再信任你。
while
【典例在线】
I was taking a bat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h while my mother was preparing dinner.我妈妈准备晚餐的时候，我正在洗澡。
Tom was watching TV while (he was) eating.汤姆边吃边看电视。
【拓展精析】
while作从属连词，意为“当……的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )候；在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。当while所引导的从句与主句的主语相同，且该从句的动词为be动词时，从句的主语和be动词有时可以省略。
【活学活用】
1)__C__ the chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ldren have fun，parents can take dancing lessons on the beach.(2014，安庆模拟)
A．Though 　B．If　　　C．While　　D．Once
2)—It seems that you are happy，why
—I met an old friend of mine while I __C__ on the street.(2014，黄山模拟)
A．walks B．walk
C．was walking D．am walking
in order to
【典例在线】
In order to get a c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omplete picture，further information is needed.为了掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。
【拓展精析】
in order to意为“目的是；为了” ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，比单纯的to do更强调“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式为in order not to do。
【活学活用】
3)Many people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )give money to Project Hope __D__ help the poor children to go to school.
A．as soon as B．even though
C．so that D．in order to
mind
【典例在线】
Do you mind if I open the window？我打开窗户，你会介意吗？
—Would you mind parking your car there？你介意把车子停到那边吗？
—Not at all.不介意。
【拓展精析】
mind动词，意为“介意；在乎”，后常接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。
Would you mind...？是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )交际用语中表示“请求”的常用句型，意为“你介意……吗？”其肯定回答(即不介意对方做某事)常用：Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.等。否定回答(即介意对方做某事)常用：I'm sorry，but.../I'm afraid you can't./Yes，you'd better not等。
【活学活用】
4)—Would you mind __C__ the window？It's very hot.
—No，not at all.(2014，马鞍山模拟)
A．open B．to open
C．opening D．opened
5)—I want to put up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the picture on the wall.Would you mind helping me with it
—__B__．With pleasure.(2014，江西)
A．Of course B．Of course not
C．You'd better not D．Thanks a lot
allow
【典例在线】
Who allowed you to leave the camp？谁允许你离开营地的？
They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。
You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟。
【拓展精析】
allow动词，意为“允许；准许”。
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
allow doing sth.允许做某事
be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
【活学活用】
6)The little girl wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s crying because her mother didn't allow her __C__ the ice cream.(2014，重庆)
A．eat B．eats C．to eat D．ate
7)In our school，boys are not __allowed__ (allow) to have long hair.
as soon as
【典例在线】
The baby began to cry as soon as she saw her mother.那个婴儿一看见她妈妈就开始哭。
We'll go to play baske ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow.明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。
【拓展精析】
as soon as意为“一……就… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…”，引导时间状语从句。在使用时，要注意主、从句时态一致。当主句是一般将来时或过去将来时时，从句应对应使用一般现在时或过去时。
【活学活用】
8)Henry will give us a report as soon as he __A__．(2014，合肥模拟)
A．arrives B．arrived
C．is arriving D．will arrive
Could you please clean your room？请你打扫一下你的房间好吗？
【典例在线】
—Could you please sweep the floor？请你打扫一下地板，好吗？
—Yes，of course.好的，当然可以。
Would you please not open the door？请你不要开门，好吗？
【拓展精析】
could不是can的过去式，而是表示 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，常用于请求帮助(第二人称)或请求允许(第一人称)的疑问句中。Could you please...？是一个婉转请求别人帮忙的句型，其后接动词原形。其肯定回答为：OK/Yes/Sure/Of course/No problem等；否定回答有：Sorry/No，I'm afraid not/I'd love to，but...等。
常见的表示委婉请求的方式还有：
①以would开头的句式
②用wish/hope提出请求
③用带please的祈使句提出请求
注意：could/would you please后面接动词原形，其否定形式是在动词原形前加not。
【活学活用】
1)—Could you help me put up the maps on the wall
—__A__．(2014，池州模拟)
A．No problem B．I hope so
C．That's all right D．That's a good idea
She did not do any housework and neither did I．她没有做任何家务活，我也没做。
【典例在线】
—I didn't go to the park last Sunday.上周日我没去公园。
—Neither did I．我也没去。
—They will play soccer tomorrow.他们明天去踢足球。
—So will we.我们也去踢。
—She knows little English.她英语懂得不多。
—So she does.她的确如此。
【拓展精析】
“Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”表示与上述否定情况相同。
“So＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”表示与上述肯定情况相同。
“So＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/be”表示强调，即对前面所说的情况加以肯定。
【活学活用】
2)I can't play the piano，and __A__．(2013，黄石)
A．neither can my sister
B．my sister can't，too
C．so can't my sister
D．can my sister，either
3)—My grandma is used to living in the city.
—__B__．(2014，益阳)
A．So my grandpa is B．So is my grandpa
C．So my grandpa did D．So did my grandpa
The earlier kids le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arn to be independent，the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
【典例在线】
The more you eat，the fatter you will be.吃得越多，你就越胖。
Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。
【拓展精析】
“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意思是“越……，越……”。
“比较级＋and＋比较级”意思是“越来越……”。
【活学活用】
4)________ you ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e，__A__ mistakes you will make in the test.(2014，宣城模拟)
A．The more careful；the fewer
B．The more carefully；the fewer
C．The more careful；the less
D．The more carefully；the less
5)The weather is becoming __A__．(2014，兰州)
A．hotter and hotter B．more hot and hot
C．hoter and hoter D．more and more hot
Why don't you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母交谈呢？
【典例在线】
Why don't you buy a suit for your husband？你为什么不给你丈夫买一套西服呢？
Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为什么不学一些中国的流行歌曲？
What/How about going for a walk？去散步怎么样？
【拓展精析】
Why don't you do sth.？＝Why not do sth.？是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有：
What/How about doing sth.
Shall we do sth.
Let's do sth.
You'd better do sth.
其肯定答语为Good idea！/O ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )K./Wonderful！/Great！/Sounds good！等；其否定答语为Sorry，but...等。
【活学活用】
6)—What should I get my mom for her birthday
—Why __A__ get her a scarf？(2013，贵阳)
A．don't you B．do you
C．are you D．didn't you
7)—Look！It's raining heavily！__A__ take a raincoat with you
—Well，I'll take one right now.(2014，阜康)
A．Why not B．Why don't
C．Would you mind D．Would you like
borrow，lend，keep
【典例在线】
I borrowed a book from Jack yesterday.昨天我从杰克那里借了本书。
Jack lent me a book ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) yesterday./Jack lent a book to me yesterday.昨天杰克借给我一本书。
How long can I keep the book？这本书我可以借用多长时间？
【拓展精析】
borrow指“借入”或“借他人的东西供自己使用”。固定短语borrow sth.from sb.意为“向某人借某物”。
lend指“(把自己的东西)借出”。固定短语lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.意为“借给某人某物”。
keep意为“保存；保留”，可引申为“借用”，此时常与一段时间或how long等连用。
【活学活用】
1)—Jim，can I __borrow__ your car
—Sorry，I __lent__ it to Steven just now.
—How long will he __keep__ it
—Two days.
provide，offer
【典例在线】
They provided ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the children with good food and clothing.他们给孩子们提供了良好的衣服食物。
The manager offers a job to me in his company.那个经理在他的公司里给我提供了一份工作。
【拓展精析】
provide意为“提供；供应”，常用于provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.固定搭配中。
offer意为“提供；给予 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”，常用于offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.固定搭配中。另offer to do sth.意为“(主动提出)做某事”。
【活学活用】
2)That company __prov ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ided__ (提供) us with 3，000 dollars in 2012.(2013，黄冈)
3)Parents often ________ their children __D__ some good advice.(2014，兰州)
A．offer；with B．offer；/
C．provide；with D．both B and C
instead，instead of，rather than
【典例在线】
Last summer I went to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Qingdao.This summer I'm going to Dalian instead.去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我将改去大连。
We should do s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omething instead of just talking about it.＝We should do something rather than just talk about it.我们不应该只是谈论，而应该做点什么。
【拓展精析】
instead作副词，意为“代替；而不是”，常位于句首或句末。
instead of和rathe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r than都可以表示“而不是”，常位于句中，两者都可接名词、代词等作宾语。若后接动词时，instead of后接v. ing，rather than后常接动词原形。
【活学活用】
4)If you're busy，you may come another day __instead__．
5)He would play computer games __rather_than__ do his homework.
6)You should try your best to finish it __instead_of__ giving up.
一、根据首字母及汉语提示完成单词。
1．__Whatever__ (无论什么) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you say，I won't believe you any more.(2014，合肥模拟)
2．He was too __nervous__ (紧张的) to say anything.
3．Mark lost one of his __fingers__ (手指) in that accident.
4．Some middle schoo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l students can't get enough sleep under the __pressure__ (压力) of school work.
5．There are lots ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of black __clouds__ (云)．It's going to rain.(2014，宣城模拟)
6．You should __r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eturn__ (归还) the books to the library in time.(2014，亳州模拟)
7．Li Ming __hates__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (讨厌) talk shows because he thinks they are boring.(2014，宿州模拟)
8．They stopped __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arguing__ (争吵) when they saw the teacher walking into the classroom.
9．Here is a way to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) improve your __communication__ (沟通) skills.(2014，淮南模拟)
10．Mary began to watch TV after she __swept__ (打扫) the floor.
二、单项选择。
11．—Why don't you watch TV at home
—I'd love to，but my mother doesn't allow me __C__ that.(2014，呼和浩特)
A．do B．did C．to do D．doing
12．—Could I __C__ your iPad，Alice
—Of course.Here you are.(2013，济南)
A．lend B．keep C．borrow C．return
13．I don't __B__ the heat，for I'm used to hot weather.(2014，安徽)
A．like B．mind C．know D．stand
14．—As a student，we should study hard.
—Yes.________ we study，__C__ results we'll get.(2014，益阳)
A．The hard；the good B．The harder；the best
C．The harder；the better D．The hard；the better
15．—Sir，could you p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lease put out your cigarette？This is a smoke free (无烟的) school.
—__A__．(2013，菏泽)
A．I'm sorry about this B．No problem
C．Sure，I'd love to D．Never mind
写作典例之烦恼与微笑
(一)(2013，荆门)
假如你是刘强，你在学校学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )生会里看到一项关于学生遇到的种种“烦恼”的调查。请你阅读以下20位学生填写的调查表，然后从中选择你认为最大的烦恼，并根据自己的实际经验或体会，给出建议。
要求：
1．根据提示内容，选出一种烦恼，并给出建议。
2．逻辑清楚，语句通顺，行文流畅，自由发挥，观点不限，无需标题。
3．文中不能以任何形式出现真实人名、校名和县(市)区名及其他相关信息。
4．词数：100左右。
Problem Survey
Problems Numbers of students
Do badly in lessons. 6
Don't get on well with classmates. 5
Feel lonely at school. 4
Don't have much free time. 3
Become fat. 2
　　【范文欣赏】
I am Liu Qiang.I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think it's not strange to have worries.Some students say they have become fat and that really makes them feel bad about themselves.I think this is one of the biggest worries for us.But I think we can do something about it.
First，you co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld eat less.The body needs food for energy，but you'll become fat if you eat more than your body needs.If you eat less，the body can burn more calories than you eat.Second，do more exercise.Doing exercise can also help the body burn the calories and make you thinner.There are many ways to do exercise.For example，you could go to school on foot or by bike.
Don't worry too much.I think you will become fit soon.
(二)(2014，绥化)
微笑，是对他人表示友善和关爱，微笑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )可以给人激励，可以使人奋进，请你结合自己的经历谈谈在你的生活中谁的微笑打动了你，为什么他/她的微笑会打动你，你有什么体会呢？
参考词汇：encourage，self confidence (自信)，smile at
【范文欣赏】
Smiles are beaut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iful and important.A smile given to the right person at the right time can light that person's day.
I was once moved ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )by a smile from my friend.Three years ago，when I made a speech on my first day of class，I was so nervous that I couldn't say a word.Tony，one of my classmates，sitting in the front row，smiled at me and spoke in a low voice，“Yes，you can.”I was greatly encouraged by his smile.His smile was important because it gave me self confidence.
I will never ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )forget my friend's smile because I've learned that something so simple can make a big difference.
,请完成考点跟踪突破11 　)