Unit 2 单词讲义&写作指导2023-2024学年人教版八年级英语上册

Unit 2 单词讲义
表示频率的副词和次数的表达
①never (0%)---hardly ever---seldom (很少)---sometimes---often---usually---always
通常放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后但有些频度副词如sometimes，often等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾
②一次 once 两次 twice 三次及以上基数词+times
一两次 once or twice 两三次 two or three times
四到七次 ___________________ 一周两次 _____________________
短语 用法 例句
how long 多长时间 多久（时间段） 多长（问长度） ---How long do you have an art lesson ---For an hour. ---How long is the river
how often 多久一次 (询问频率） ---How often do you exercise ---Twice a week.
how far 多远（问距离） ---How far is it from Meishan to Chengdu ---It’s about 80 km.
how soon 多久以后（将来） ---How soon will Miss Li be back ---She’ll be back in a month.
how many times 多少次（问次数） ---How many times do you exercise in a month ---Three times.
once adv. ①一次 ②曾经
立刻_______________ 再一次________________ 偶尔 once in a while
hard ①adj. 困难的=difficult a hard/difficult problem live a hard life
②adj. 坚硬的 hard stones
③adv. 努力地，费力地 They study every day.他们每天努力学习
④adv. 猛烈地 rain hard/heavily
hardly/ hardly ever adv.几乎不 ，表示否定意义=almost not
通常位于助动词、be动词、 情态动词之后，实义动词之前。
He can / play basketball. 他几乎不会打篮球.
full adj. ①忙碌的 Last month was quite for Tim.上个月对蒂姆来说相当忙
②满的，充满的 be full of =be filled with
The cup water. =The cup water.
③饱的 I can't eat any more, because I am quite full.
maybe adv. 可能 （不能作谓语动词，常位于句首，=perhaps）
may be (may+动词原形）
他可能会迟到。______________________________/___________________________________
我可能要回家了。____________________________/___________________________________
although=though conj.虽然；尽管；即使引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用
although，though，even though和even if都有“尽管；虽然”之意。although/though可以与yet或still连用。
虽然他很累，他没有停下来去休息。
(用though）___________________________________________________________________
(用but) ____________________________________________________________________
6. through prep.①穿过 He went through the hall.他穿过了大厅。
②凭借，以...形式，后面长接名词、名词短语、代词或动名词
他是通过听歌来学习英语的。___________________________________________________.
Almost 90% successful people succeed through hard work.
get through完成(工作)；渡过(难关)；熬过(困难时期等)；通过(考试等)
go through经历(某事)；用完
look through翻查；翻找
7.through，across，over与past的用法区别
①through 立体空间内部穿过,后面一般跟window, forest等词。
the forest to the farm 穿过森林
②across横跨；横越 强调从表面穿过后面一般跟river, street等词。
the road very ______ 小心翼翼地穿过马路
③over从一边到另一边”，强调从上空越过，后面可以接city, mountain, river等词。
e.g. The plane is flying over the city. 飞机正飞过城市的上空。
④past经过，指从某人或某物旁边经过。
e.g. I drove past your house just now.我刚才开车经过了你家。
8. such与so的用法区别
① such(+a/an)+adj.+n.+that.. 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”
②so+adj./adv.或“so+adj.+a/an+n”+that...
She is that many students like her.=She is that many students like her.她是个如此漂亮的女孩，以至于很多学生都喜欢她。
③多多少少也用so ，有many,much few,/a few ,little/a little时。
none ①pron. (用于三者或三者以上)没有一个人或物 no one 只能指人
---How many students/chairs are there in the classroom ---None.
②none可单独使用,也可与of连用，后跟可数名词复数形式或不可数名词
none of+n. 作主语时，谓语动词有名词的形式决定
None of the work __________(be) done. None of the boys _______(like) pink.
③ none用于指三个或三个以上的人或物中“没有一个；毫无”；
neither用于指两个人或物中“一个也没有”。
of the students in the classroom.教室里没有一个学生
Sophia waited for a reply，but _______came . A. either B. another C. neither D. none
of the two girls are from the United States. 他们两个中没有一个来自美国。
can understand what he's talking about. 没有人听得懂他在说什么。
percent ①无复数形式，30％ ___________
②percent of +n. 谓语动词由名词的单复数决定。
百分之四十的学生喜欢吃蔬菜。____________________________________________________
世界上百分之五十的茶叶来自中国。__________________________________________________
die v. 消失；灭亡；死亡 ①die out 灭绝②die from 因...而死③die of 死于...（某种疾病）
---v-ing ___________ --- v-ed_____________ ---n. _________ ---adj. __________
警察在河里发现了这位死者。他三天前就身亡了。 The police found the _________ man in the river. He _________ three days ago.
在她丈夫时候，她独自一人生活。She lives alone after her husband’s __________.
mind ①n. 头脑，心智 改变某人的主意 ____________________________
下定决心做某事__________________________________________
记住 have/keep sth. in mind 在某人看来 in one’s mind/ opinion
对身心有好处 be good for the body and the mind
②介意 mind doing
你介意我开门吗？ ____________________________________________________
such as 例如=like 后面接名词、名词短语、代词和动名词
for example 例如 后面接句子
e.g. I have a big sports collection, so I have many balls at home, such as/like volleyballs, baseballs and so on.
I made a decision to change myself a lot. For example, I should exercise to keep fit.
point ①n. 得分 get high/full points 得高分/满分
②n. 要点 我不明白你的意思。 I can’t see your point.
③n. 小数点 1.5 one point five
④v. 指 point to 指向...(强调方向) point at 指着...(强调对象)
rusult n.结果 考试的结果 ________________________________
结果是 as a result
e.g. He made a terribel mistake. As a result, he lost his job at last.
16. Internet n. 上网_________________/___________________
17. health n. ----adj.____________---adv.________________ ---(opp)adv. __________________
锻炼有益于我们的健康。____________________________________________
为了保持健康，我们应该经常做运动。____________________________________________
这些女医生们吃得很健康。______________________________________________________
housework u.n. 做家务_________________
homework u.n. 完成作业_____________________
我有太多的家务要做。 _______________________________________________
be good at 擅长于 be good for对...有好处
be good to对...友好 be good with善于应对...;与...相处得好=get along well with...
little-less-least many/much-more-most
至少________________ 最多___________ 少于____________ 多余____________
some time分开“一段时间” sometime 相聚在“某时”
sometimes“有时”相聚加s- some times“几次”分开带是s
Unit 2 写作指导
单元话题：本单元以“课余活动”为话题，谈论学生的业余活动、活动的频率以及学习生活习惯等，这些与中学生的生活息息相关，也是中考常考的话题。写作时要求围绕这一话题谈论自己或他人的日常活动，如描述生活方式、饮食习惯、课外活动等，要注意恰当运用频度副词描述事情发生的频率等。时态通常用一般现在时。
素材积累---句型：
开头句：1. Good habits can help us…好习惯能帮助我们
... have/has a lot of good habits.……有许多好习惯。
Here are the results/my good habits.这是(调查)结果/我的好习惯。
4. Last month we asked some students about…上个月我们问了一些学生关于
中间句：1.... always exercise(s)/read(s) books……总是锻炼/看书……
2. At school,I often do…在学校,我经常做
3. As for..., most students love it... percent of them always...至于 ，大多数学生喜爱它。他们中百分之 总是
4. However,I never…然而,我从不
5. To my/our surprise, none of them can sleep for more than... hours every day.令我/我们惊讶的是，他们中没有一个人每天的睡觉时间能超过 小时。
6.I think…is bad for your health.我认为 对你的健康有害。
7. It's good to relax by using…通过使用 利于放松。
8. It's…for us to have a... lifestyle.对我们来说,拥有 的生活方式是 的
经典名句：1. Old habits die hard.旧习难改。
Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。
It's never too late to learn.活到老,学到老。
4. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起使一个人健康、富有和聪明。
优秀范文1：题目：健康的业余活动、良好的生活和学习习惯对于我们每一位学生的成长都很有益。请根据提示要点用英语写一篇词数80左右的短文，发表在学校网站上。提示要点：1.两年前有不好的生活习惯：吃垃圾食品，不吃蔬菜和水果；喝可乐和咖啡，不喝牛奶；不锻炼或者锻炼少；睡眠不足；2.现在有良好的生活和学习习惯。
作文要求：1.表达中必须包含所给提示要点，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2.表达中不能提及真实姓名、校名。
My name is Li Hong. My English name is Jason. Two years ago,I had some bad habits, such as eating junk food. I didn't eat vegetables or fruit. I preferred to drink coffee and cola rather than drink milk.I didn't do any sports, either. I always played computer games until midnight. So I didn't have enough sleep. Staying up late is a bad habit. I have to change my life. Now I hardly ever eat junk food. I also drink some milk and eat more vegetables and fruit. I think it's a good habit to go to bed early and get up early. It's important for us to keep a good habit to keep healthy.
优秀范文2：目前，中学生的早餐问题已经引起了社会的关注，你们学校的学生在5月20日“全国学生营养日”开展了问卷调查，其结果令人担忧。请你根据调查结果用英语写一篇短文。
学生比例 早餐情况 健康状况
55% 吃早餐 身体健康，精力充沛
25% 吃垃圾食品 营养不均衡
20% 不吃早餐 感到饿，上课无法认真听讲，容易生病
Breakfast is important. But not all the students have realized its importance. Here's the result of our survey.
About 55 percent of the students have breakfast regularly. They are healthy and full of energy. 25 percent of them just eat junk food. They don't have a balanced diet. It is bad for their health. 20 percent of them go to school without breakfast. As a result, these students often feel hungry in class and can't listen to the teachers carefully. They may get ill easily. It's necessary to have breakfast and we should also eat healthy food for breakfast.