高二开学考试英语答案及解析
听力答案： 1-5 AABAB 6-10 ACCAC 11-15 BBCBC 16-20 ABACC
听力原文
Text 1:
W: Why is the floor so wet What happened
M: No sooner had I gotten into the shower than the phone rang.
Text 2:
W: The book is so interesting.
M: If you like it, I can lend it to you. I borrowed it from the library one week ago and there are still two weeks left.
Text 3:
W: Let’s get something to drink and then go to see the elephants.
M: But the dolphin show starts in two minutes. I really want to see that. We can get a cup of tea afterwards.
W: Good idea.
Text 4:
W: You look happy.
M: I am. I had my performance evaluation today.
W: So it went well
M: Yes. The manager said that my interpersonal skills are great. I work well with others.
Text 5:
M: Did you get a present for Molly’s birthday
W: Yes, she loves to listen to Johnny Holden’s music. And she’s got all his CDs. Then I saw this book that introduces Johnny Holden’s life, so I got her this.
M: Great idea!
Text 6:
W: Did you get the injury playing football, Jim
M: Yes. One of the boys kicked my foot instead of the ball.
W: The best thing for you to do is to rest your leg for 48 hours.
M: When can I go back to school
W: You can go back in 4 days, but you’ll need to avoid sports for a month.
Text 7:
M: Hello.
W: Hi. I’ve just been to collect your new basketball shirts from the school.
M: Yeah, what do they look like
W: I don’t know if you like them as much as last season’s－you had white ones then, remember And the yellow picture on it made it easy to see you guys on the basketball field, didn’t it But this year they are just plain, no picture. Same color, anyway. I can bring them to your house to see what you think.
M: OK.
W: But it’s a bit late to change them now, I guess.
Text 8:
W: Hello, Dan. I was sorry to hear that you had an accident last week. How did it happen and how are you feeling now
M: Well, I was riding on my bicycle along the street when a taxi driver suddenly made a sharp turn in front of me. I could not stop my bicycle in time and I was knocked down. Fortunately, I only got a broken arm and a broken leg. The doctor said that I would have to stay in hospital for at least a week.
W: Do your arm and leg hurt now
M: Yes, my leg hurts badly, but I can bear the pain. The only thing that I’m worried about is my classes. You know, our teacher said next week we would have our mid-term exams.
W: Well, don’t worry about the exams. I can help you.
M: Thank you, but I don’t really want to stay here that long. Anyway, thank you for coming to see me.
Text 9:
M: I have with me this evening Louise Graham, a group leader at Ravensfield Outdoor Adventure Center for children. Louise, how long have you been there
W: Well, before I first went there, two years ago, I thought I’d probably only stay for a year, but after six months or so I really started to enjoy the job. So I’ve been there ever since. To be honest, I was lacking in self-confidence, and when I first arrived, I was a bit worried about making mistakes. I was frightened I might put the children in danger because of my inexperience.
M: What’s the best thing about your work
W: One thing I like is seeing them have so much fun, even if sometimes their behavior isn’t perfect. And I can suggest activities that haven’t been tried before. But there are always some children who haven’t quite got as much ability as others, and for me the most rewarding part of the job is getting them to succeed in things they haven’t managed to do before. It’s hard work though. Sometimes you are on duty at night.
M: Mm. What do you think about that
W: Well, I can’t say I look forward to starting work at 10:00 p.m., but the kids have to be looked after 24 hours so someone has to do it and all the staff take turns.
Text 10:
W: Good morning, everyone. Here is the Entertainment Guide for this week. There is another exhibition of posters in Town Hall. Last year it was early holiday posters; but this time the exhibition will be of railway posters. The exhibition opens on Monday. Admission is free, and the exhibition is open from ten until five every day. If you can spend some time there, I’m sure you will enjoy yourself.
There’s a special feature at the Arts Center this week. It’s the very first performance of a new play, The Rose Garden, by a local writer, Alan Brown. This is Alan’s first stage play, but many of you have enjoyed his films on television. The play will be on Saturday. Be sure to book your seats as soon as possible, if you have not done so yet. If you like his films very much, I believe this play won’t let you down.
There is also a film, Detective in the Shadows, being shown this Sunday at the Arts Center Cinema. Book the tickets in advance just in case that you can’t get a ticket the very day you come to see the film. The place to go to make reservations is the Tourist Center. It is open from nine-thirty until four-thirty every day except Sunday and Monday. Also, you can book tickets on the Internet, just go to www. .
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则有关水果采摘农场的广告。21-23. ABD
22.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Prices中提到两种付费方式,一种是每人付3英镑,则3×3=9,第二种则按照采摘的量,根据Prices中的价格可知,买一千克草莓和一千克李子,共需4.49+2.99=7.48。故选B。
B.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kariko反复地进行实验研究直至最后成功开发出COVID-19 疫苗,以此告诉人们要努力实现心中的梦想。24-27 DBCA
【解析】选D。
25.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the 1990s, Kariko tried to get money from big companies to do her experiments.No one would do that because her ideas about mRNA were too unbelievable at the time.”可知,大公司最初对Kariko的研究持怀疑的态度。故选B。
26.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Weissman told her he just wanted to make vaccines against HIV.”可知,Dr.Drew Weissman 在遇到 Kariko 之前关注的重点是开发针对艾滋病病毒的疫苗。故选C。
27.【解析】选A。
C
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。农业科学家程相文用毕生的精力培育出杂交玉米,并且研发出多种高产的玉米新品种。28-31 DBCD
28.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“‘My birthday wish is to develop better corn varieties,’ he says.”可知,程相文想要培育出高产的玉米品种。故选D。
29【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段可知,在程相文做实地调查时,一位农民的诉求让他从那时起把培育高产玉米品种当成毕生的事业。故选B。
30.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,程相文当时在海南的生活环境和生活条件很差。选C。
31.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段和最后一段可知,程相文是一位认真敬业、不畏艰难且意志坚定的科学家。故选D。
D
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阳光在清理漏油方面的作用,光溶解最重要的因素是浮油的厚度和光的波长,石油的化学组成在光溶解中也起作用。32-35 ABDC
32.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段内容和下文内容可知,文章主要说明阳光在清理漏油方面的作用。这是和科学相关的话题,由此推知,本文最有可能出现在新闻网站的“科学”版块。故选A。
33【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的“When sunlight shines on spilled oil in the sea, it can kick off a chain of chemical reactions, transforming the oil into new compounds.Some of these reactions which can increase how easily the oil dissolves in water are called photodissolution.(当阳光照射到海洋中溢出的石油时,它会引发一系列化学反应,将石油转化为新的化合物。其中一些反应可以增加油在水中溶解的容易程度,称为光溶解)”和第三段的“The two then chemically analyzed the irradiated oil to see how much was transformed into dissolved organic carbon.(然后,两人对照射过的油进行化学分析,看看有多少转化为溶解的有机碳)”可知,阳光通过把石油中的某些物质转化为可溶于水的物质(即有机碳)来除掉海洋中的漏油。
34.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“The most important factors in photodissolution, the researchers found, were the thickness of the slick and the wavelengths of light.(研究人员发现,光溶解最重要的因素是浮油的厚度和光的波长)”可知,光溶解中最重要的因素是浮油的厚度和光的波长。故选D。
35.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第一段和最后一段“The researchers estimate irradiation helped dissolve from 3 to 17 percent of surface oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill, comparable to processes such as evaporation and grounding on coastlines.(研究人员估计,辐射帮助溶解了Deepwater Horizon漏油事件中3%到17%的表面石油,这与蒸发和搁浅在海岸线上的过程类似)”可知,文章主要说明了阳光在清理漏油方面发挥的作用比之前想象得更大。故选C。
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气对人体的各种好处。36.E 37.A 38.G 39.C 40.D
36.根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。E项“但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？”承上启下，故选E。空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”亦是呼应。
37.根据下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。再根据下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递进，在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部”。
38.根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故G项“在全国，康复中心已经开始建造‘康复花园’。”these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39.前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好；空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。故选C项“身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。”
40.根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D项“获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。”
完形填空：【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了冬至的来历和发展。
41.【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:冬至时,北半球倾斜得离太阳最远,太阳的轨道到达最低点。 heaviest最重的;lowest最低的; highest最高的;furthest最远的。根据地理常识可知,冬至这天北半球距离太阳的距离最远。故选D。
42.【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:因此,从这一天起,白天将变得越来越长。Besides此外;Therefore因此;Otherwise否则;However然而。根据前文可知,冬至是一年中夜晚最长的一天,也就是白昼最短的一天,所以,从这一天起,白昼会越来越长。故选B。
43.【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:冬至是阴阳盛衰的微妙节点,是新周期的开始,象征着团圆和希望。mix混合;flow涨潮;reach伸手可及的距离;distinction差别。根据“ebb”结合阴阳相对可知,“flow”符合句意,短语ebb and flow表示“盛衰;起伏”。故选B。
44.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:冬至是阴阳盛衰的微妙节点,是新周期的开始,象征着团圆和希望。announcing宣布;symbolizing象征;infecting使感染;approaching接近。根据语境可知,冬至有着团圆和希望的象征含义。故选B。
45.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:据说,一位名叫张仲景的医生很同情冻伤的穷人,于是他用药材煮了一锅羊肉,把羊肉切碎,包在耳朵形状的面团里。pointed指出;saw看见;pitied同情;categorized分类。根据后文张仲景给穷人做药膳可知,他同情冻伤的穷人。故选C。
46.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。cut切;chewed咀嚼; broke破坏;ate吃。短语cut up表示“切碎”,由常识可知,饺子馅需剁碎。故选A。
47.【解析】选C。 考查动词词义辨析。句意:那些遭受耳朵冻伤的人都被赠予这种“驱寒”汤喝。affected感染; hurt使受伤;suffered遭受;wounded伤害。根据前文“suffering from frostbite”的提示可知,“suffered”符合句意。故选C。
48.【解析】选A。
49.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:后来,人们以同样的方式包饺子,并在节日期间吃饺子来纪念他。praise赞扬;comment评论;commemorate纪念;recommend推荐。前文讲了张仲景救治了冻伤耳朵的穷人,按照语境逻辑可推知,人们用同样的方式来纪念他。故选C。
50.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:在汉武帝采用农历之前,冬至被视为等同于春节。accessed接近;regarded认为;accounted认为是;appointed任命。短语be regarded as表示“被视为”,根据句中的as可知,regarded符合句意。故选B。
51.【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:虽然在汉朝,冬至不再被视为一年的开始,但人们仍然在这一天庆祝、探亲和祭祀祖先。no longer表示“不再”,由句意可知,汉朝时的冬至不再像以前那样被视作一年的开始。故选C。
52.【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。frequently经常;usually通常;seldom很少;still仍然。根据句首的Although可知,尽管冬至不再被视为新年的开始,人们仍然在这天庆祝。故选D。
53.【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然在汉朝,冬至不再被视为一年的开始,但人们仍然在这一天庆祝、探亲和祭祀祖先。gifts礼物;sacrifices祭品;products产品;possessions私人物品。根据“the ancestors”可知,“sacrifices”符合句意。故选B。
54.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:人们更加尊重冬至。attention注意;money金钱;time时间; respect尊重。根据后文朱元璋将冬至设定为节日可知,冬至更受尊重了。故选D。
55.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:在明朝,朱元璋设定了一年的三个节日——冬至、春节和他的生日。dates日期;events事件; customs风俗;holidays节日。根据“the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival and his birthday”可知,这是三个节日。故选D。
【语法填空答案】
56.why 57.will be provided 58.the 59.definitely 60.development
61.with 62.impressive 63.them 64.Getting panies
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着5G的发展，生活的各个方面都将会发生巨大的变化。
56.考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词reason在从句中充当原因状语，应该用关系副词why，故填why。
57.考查时态和语态。句意：如果你问不同的人，你将会得到不同的答案。分析句子可知，设空处是主句谓语动词，if引导的条件状语从句适用主将从现原则，从句是一般现在时，故主句应用一般将来时，主句主语you和provide之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be provided。
58.考查冠词。句意：专家们相信4G变得不再受欢迎。此处是固定短语on the way out“变得不再受欢迎”
59.考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词will be，故填definitely。
61考查介词。句意：随着5G的发展，无人驾驶车将能与其他车辆进行交流，这可以减少约10%的道路事故。此处是固定短语communicate with…“与……进行交流”，故填with。
62.考查形容词。句意：最令人赞叹的事情之一是，当列车到达车站时，人们可以看到车上哪些座位是可选的。此处应用形容词修饰名词vehicles，impressive“令人赞叹的”符合语境；根据“one of + 形容词最高级+复数名词”可知，此处应用该形容词的最高级，因它是多音节词，故最高级是在其前加the most。故填impressive。
63.考查代词。句意：最令人赞叹的事情之一是，当列车到达车站时，人们可以看到车上哪些座位是可选的。短语be accessible to“可适用/接近的”中的to是介词，其后应加代词宾格，they的宾格是them，代指前文提到的people。故填them。
64.考查动名词。此处应用动名词作句子主语，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Getting。
65.考查名词的数。a number of“许多，大量”后应加复数名词，故填companies。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 【参考范文】
Lang Ping, who was born on 10th, Dec. 1960 in Tianjin, is a famous volleyball coach and we all admire her very much. She began to play volleyball at the age of 13. She joined the national team because of her excellent performance in the national volleyball game in 1978. She was so hard-working that she won a lot of awards from 1980 on. After she retired from the volleyball team, she became a volleyball coach. In 2016 she took the Chinese Women Volleyball team to take part in the Rio Olympic Games and won the gold medal. She is the first Chinese volleyball player to win the Olympic championship as a player and coach.
第二节 【参考范文】
I opened the door and found“Linda” standing there.The girl was with the same black wavy hair, the same big naughty eyes,and the same smile, and she held two brochures in her arms.She was about the same age when I had met Linda the first time.She couldn’t be Linda! I remembered that I had learned from my neighbor that Linda had a daughter who looked so much like her.I was sure the girl was her daughter.
“Hello, Belle! I’m Amy, Linda’s daughter.”What a wonderful surprise! Then Amy called out to someone hiding behind a tree, “Come out now.We have succeeded in surprising her!”Here came Linda.You cannot imagine the excitement we felt when we saw each other after so many years.That afternoon, the three of us went for a walk in the forest, collecting different leaves and enjoying the pleasure of friendship and companionship.武安市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试
英语 试题
注意事项：
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
1. What was the man doing when the phone rang
A. Taking a shower. B. Cleaning the floor. C. Doing the laundry.
2. How long can the man keep the book
A. For three weeks. B. For two weeks. C. For one week.
3. What will the speakers do first
A. Have a cup of tea. B. Watch the dolphin show. C. See the elephants.
4. Why is the man happy
A. He got a good evaluation.
B. He received an award for his work.
C. He learned some interpersonal skills.
5. What are the speakers talking about in general
A. A CD of Johnny Holden. B. A present for Molly. C. A musician.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6. How did Jim get hurt
A. He was kicked by a boy.
B. He was hit by a football.
C. He fell down on the ground.
7. When can Jim play sports again
A. In 48 hours. B. In 4 days. C. In a month.
听第7 段材料，回答第8和第9题。
8. What color shirts does the man’s team get
A. Yellow. B. Green. C. White.
9. What will the woman do next
A. Go to the man’s house.
B. Collect the new football shirts.
C. Have the basketball shirts changed.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who is the woman
A. A policewoman. B. A doctor. C. The man’s classmate.
11. What is the man worried about
A. His broken arm. B. The coming exams. C. The wound in his leg.
12. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In the street.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How long has Louise been working at the center
A. About six months. B. About one year. C. About two years.
14. How did Louise feel when she started working at the center
A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident.
15. What does Louise enjoy doing most about working with children A. Seeing them have a lot of fun.
B. Thinking of new things for them to do.
C. Helping the less able ones achieve more.
16. What does Louise say about working at night
A. It’s a necessary part of the job.
B. It’s something that she enjoys.
C. It’s unfair for her to do it.
听第10段独白，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the exhibition about this year
A. Star posters. B. Railway posters. C. Holiday posters.
18. How long will the exhibition last a day
A. Seven hours. B. Six hours. C. Five hours.
19. What does the speaker suggest people do
A. Watch Alan Brown’s films on TV.
B. Get tickets for the exhibition in advance.
C. Book seats for the Rose Garden immediately.
20. Where can people make a reservation for Detective in the Shadows
A. At Town Hall. B. At the Arts Center Cinema. C. At the Tourist Center.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Parkside
Pick Your Own
Fancy some fresh fruit and vegetables At Parkside Farm we grow a wide variety of delicious summer fruits and high-quality vegetables for you to come and pick your own.Why not pay us a visit
About us
Our family has been farming at Parkside Farm since 1938.Although we no longer keep cows, we still have some grassland and some fields of wheat and other crops.We started growing strawberries for Pick Your Own back in 1979.Since then, we have made the Pick Your Own area larger and we now grow about 20 different crops.
Opening times
The season starts in late June, but opening hours are variable the first week.Please ring our message line to check.From July onwards, we are open Tuesdays to Saturdays from 9 am to 5:30 pm ( last entry 5 pm).Opening hours are variable on Sundays.Mondays CLOSED.
Crop calendar
Some crops may be in limited supply at certain times, so always ring the message line for daily updates before setting out.
Strawberries: early June to mid-October
Blackcurrants: early July to mid-August
Raspberries: mid-June to mid-August
Redcurrants: mid-July to mid-August
Blackberries: mid-July to mid-October
Plums: mid-July to early September
Prices
There is a minimum charge of ￡3 for each adult or child who enters the Pick Your Own area.This means that every person has to spend at least 3 on Pick-Your-Own fruits or they will be charged this amount when they leave.
Strawberries: ￡4.49/kg
Blackcurrants: ￡4.79/kg
Raspberries: ￡6.39/kg
Redcurrants: ￡4.79/kg
Blackberries: ￡5.39/kg
Plums: ￡2.99/kg
Find us
Parkside Farm is in the Enfield of London, north of the city centre.
For more information, please call our message line on 020 8367 2035 or check our website: www.Parksidefarmpyo.co.uk.
What do we learn about Parkside Farm from the text
It doesn’t open on Mondays. B. It sells fruit and vegetables online.
C. It’s situated in the south of London. D.It has a small Pick Your Own area.
How much should they pay if a family of three buys 1kg of strawberries and 1kg of plums on the farm at
least
A.￡6. B.￡7.48. C.￡9. D.￡16.48.
23. What is the main purpose of the text
A.To recommend a place for holiday. B.To tell readers how to pick fruits.
C.To advise people to grow crops. D.To attract visitors to pick fruits.
B
Born in Hungary, Katalin Kariko always wanted to be a scientist when she was young. Her love of biology took her to the University of Szeged where she studied and then worked as a researcher at its Biological Research Center.Unfortunately, in 1985, Dr.Kariko’s university’s research program ran out of money. Kariko, her husband, and their 2-year-old daughter moved to America for her new job that could make her go on with her research at university in Philadelphia, America.
Kariko has spent her whole life trying to figure out how to use a person’s own cells to cure and prevent illness. She focused on mRNA,or messenger RNA, which could be used to instruct cells to make their own medicines, including vaccines(疫苗).In the 1990s, Kariko tried to get money from big companies to do her experiments. No one would do that because her ideas about mRNA were too unbelievable at the time. “I thought maybe I’m not good enough, not smart enough.I tried to imagine: Everything is here, and I just have to do better experiments,” Kariko said.
Fortunately, a meeting at a university photocopying machine changed her life.She met another researcher, Dr.Drew Weissman.She told him, “I am an mRNA scientist—I can make anything with mRNA.” Weissman told her he just wanted to make vaccines against HIV. Kariko said, “Yeah, yeah, I can do it.” After that, they worked together for many years exploring the possibilities of mRNA, which led to the development of a vaccine for COVID-19.
Finally, two biotech companies, Moderna, in America, and BioNTech, in Germany, took notice of their work.The two companies provided money to support Weissman’s lab.
Now, Kariko and Weissman are considered as heroes of COVID-19 vaccine development.
24. Why did Kariko move to America with her family
A.To find a research partner. B.To look for a better-paid job.
C.To make more money. D.To continue her research.
25. What was the big companies’ initial attitude to Kariko’s research
A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Tolerant.
26. What was Dr.Drew Weissman’s focus before he met Kariko
A.Putting mRNA into practice. B.Making COVID-19 vaccines.
C.Developing vaccines against HIV. D.Advising companies to help him.
27. What can we learn from Kariko’s story
A.Never say no to your dream. B.Time is money.
C.Never too late to learn. D.Practice makes perfect.
C
For his 86th birthday, Cheng Xiangwen enjoyed a corn-shaped cake his colleagues had prepared for him.“My birthday wish is to develop better corn varieties,” he says.After the celebration, he began another journey to Sanya, in South China’s Hainan Province, where he has worked most of his life.Cheng is a scientist in agriculture and spends most of his life studying and cultivating (栽培) corn.He visits Sanya in November every year and stays there for six months to cultivate corn.
Once, when he was conducting a field survey, a female farmer said to him in tears, “You graduated from college.Could you please find a way to increase the corn output here If the yields (产量) are higher, our children will no longer suffer from hunger.” Since then, Cheng has made developing high-yield corn varieties his life’s mission.
In 1964, he came to Hainan, where it was warmer, and started his work there.He greatly shortened the cultivation period and created hybrid corn varieties for the first time.With these new varieties, farmers in Xunxian County saw their average corn output was more than 3,750 kg per hectare per year.
Despite the beautiful coastline, the environment where Cheng works used to be troubled by poverty and poor traffic.Locals once described the area as having a large number of rats, mosquitoes, and poisonous snakes.At that time, he did everything on his own.He lived in a local villager’s house and he frequently went to the mountains to chop firewood to cook.His hard work, however, has paid off.Now, authorities have approved 14 new, high-yield corn varieties Cheng helped develop.
Cheng is dedicated to developing high-yield corn varieties with stronger resistance and they are easier to harvest with machines.He still goes to the fields each day and observes and records the corn plants.“Cultivating seeds is like raising kids.Only by careful parenting can you become familiar with their strengths and weaknesses and help them to grow up healthily,” he says.
What can we infer about Cheng according to Paragraph 1
A.He was born in Hainan Province.
B.He works in Sanya for less than half a year.
C.He rested for a long time after his birthday.
D.He wants to develop high-yield corn varieties.
29. In which paragraph can we know the cause of Cheng’s life’s mission
A.Paragraph 1. B.Paragraph 2. C.Paragraph 3. D.Paragraph 4.
30. What kind of difficulty did Cheng meet with in Hainan
A.Unbearable hot weather. B.Building a house without help.
C.The terrible living conditions and surroundings. D.Living on poisonous creatures.
31.Which of the following can best describe Cheng
A.Calm and caring. B.Kind and generous.
C.Fair and sympathetic. D.Hard-working and determined.
D
Sunlight may have helped remove as much as 17 percent of the oil on the surface of the Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill (泄漏).That means that sunlight plays a bigger role in cleaning up such spills than previously thought, researchers suggested on February 16.
When sunlight shines on spilled oil in the sea, it can kick off a chain of chemical reactions, transforming the oil into new compounds.Some of these reactions which can increase how easily the oil dissolves in water are called photodissolution (光溶解).But there has been little data on how much of the oil becomes water-soluble.
To assess this, environmental chemists Danielle Haas Freeman and Collin Ward, both of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, placed samples of the Macondo oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill on glass disks and irradiated (照射) them with light using LEDs that send out wavelengths found in sunlight.The two then chemically analyzed the irradiated oil to see how much was transformed into dissolved organic carbon.
The most important factors in photodissolution, the researchers found, were the thickness of the slick (浮油) and the wavelengths of light.Longer wavelengths dissolved less oil, possibly because they are more easily scattered by water than shorter wavelengths.How long the oil was exposed to light was not as important.
Though the team didn’t specifically test for seasonal or latitude differences, computer simulations based on the lab data suggested that those factors, as well as the oil’s chemical makeup, also matter.
The researchers estimate irradiation helped dissolve from 3 to 17 percent of surface oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill, comparable to processes such as evaporation and grounding on coastlines.What impact the sunlight-produced compounds might have on marine ecosystems, however, isn’t yet known.
In which section of a news website may this text appear
Science. B. Education. C. Travel. D. Health.
33. How does sunlight remove the spilled oil in the ocean
A. By transforming the oil into water.
B. By turning the oil into dissolved organic carbon.
C. By speeding up the chemical reactions of water.
D. By preventing the chemical reactions of the oil.
34. What matters most in photodissolution according to Danielle and Collin
A. The oil’s chemical makeup.
B. The time of exposure to light.
C. Seasonal and latitude differences.
D. The thickness of the slick and the wavelengths of light.
35. What’s the text mainly about
A. Various factors affect the photodissolution of oil spills in the ocean.
B. The Deepwater Horizon spill greatly damaged the marine ecosystem.
C. Sunlight may help clean up oil spills in the ocean more than previously thought.
D. Sunlight-produced compounds might have a great impact on marine ecosystems.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36. According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37. If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈).
38. In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39. It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40. While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Winter Solstice (冬至) refers to the day in a year when the night is at its longest and the Yin energy is at its maximum. On Winter Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere tilts(倾斜) 41 away from the sun, and the sun’s orbit reached its lowest point. 42 , from this day, the daytime will get longer and longer. As the delicate node of the ebb (衰退) and 43 of Yin and Yang, Winter Solstice is the beginning of a new cycle, 44 reunion and hope.
It is said that a doctor named Zhang Zhongjing 45 poor people suffering from frostbite, so he boiled a pot of mutton with medicinal ingredients, 46 them up and wrapped them in ear-shaped dough (面团). Those who 47 from frostbitten ears were given this “cold-dispelling” soup. This is the start of 48 . Subsequently, people made dumplings in the same manner and ate them during the festival to 49 him.
Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the lunar calendar, the Winter Solstice was 50 the same as the Spring Festival. Although during the Han Dynasty, the Winter Solstice was no 51 considered as the beginning of the year, people 52 celebrated, visited relatives and offered 53 to the ancestors on that day. More 54 has been paid by people on the Winter Solstice.In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made three 55 in a year—the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival and his birthday.
41.A.heaviest B.lowest C.highest D.furthest
42.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However
43.A.mix B.flow C.reach D.distinction
44.A.announcing B.symbolizing C.infecting D.approaching
45.A.pointed B.saw C.pitied D.categorized
46.A.cut B.chewed C.broke D.ate
47.A.affected B.hurt C.suffered D.wounded
48.A.dumplings B.dessert C.mooncakes D.noodles
49.A.praise B.comment C.commemorate D.recommend
50.A.accessed B.regarded C.accounted D.appointed
51.A.better B.sooner C.longer D.less
52.A.frequently B.usually C.seldom D.still
53.A.gifts B.sacrifices C.products D.possessions
54.A.attention B.money C.time D.respect
55.A.dates B.events C.customs D.holidays
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
5G is developing, but most of us aren't really sure what it is or the reason 56. we need it. A big part of the reason is that 5G means more than one thing. If you ask different people, you 57. (provide) with different answers.
Experts believe that 4G is on 58. way out. In 2020, the U.K. is expected to use 5G. At present, it is unknown exactly what influence 5G will have on people's life but it is widely thought that 5G will
_59. (definite) be faster than any generation of networks we have used previously.
Work will likely become much easier as 5G will allow quicker downloads and a better ability to work online even if there is no wi-fi connection. With the 60. (develop) of 5G, driverless cars will be able to communicate 61. other vehicles, which can reduce road accidents by about 10%, One of the most 62. (impress) things will be that people can see which seats on a train are accessible to 63. (they) when it arrives at the station. 64. (get) around the world will also be more convenient.
A number of 65. (company) are now working on bringing 5G to the market. It remains to be seen how much of the country 5G will cover and whether everyone will be able to benefit from it.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
你校准备在新建的“名人长廊”中为每一位名人画像配上英语介绍, 以便让同学们有更多的机会学习英语。请你根据以下信息写一篇100词左右介绍郎平的短文。
1. 郎平, 1960年12月10日出生于天津市。1973年, 13岁的郎平开始练习打排球;
2. 1978年, 因在全国排球比赛中表现突出, 进入国家队;
3. 从1980年起, 郎平获得很多荣誉;
4. 退役后, 郎平成为排球教练。2016年, 郎平带领中国女排, 时隔12年, 在里约奥运会(the Rio Olympic Games)上获得金牌;
5. 郎平是中国第一个作为球员和教练员均夺取过奥运会冠军的排球运动员。
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第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’ve lived in this neighborhood for years, but I still remember the first person I met when I moved here, and she was Linda who had black wavy hair, big naughty eyes and a smile on her face all the time. I think she was about ten when I first met her.
She was very fond of trees and spent all her spare time collecting leaves and sticking them on a brochure. She remembered exactly where she had picked up a particular leaf, on which day and whether it was a sunny, windy or rainy day. Because I was interested in seeing what she had collected, I was her best friend or sister, Belle.
Later, Linda went to a boarding school outside the town.She would come home only during vacations. That is to say, we couldn’t see each other as often as we used to.But we would make full use of every opportunity to visit the small forest near our home to collect her favorite leaves, and meanwhile, I could listen to her wonderful descriptions of the trees.
You must be wondering why I am talking about Linda.You see, something fantastic happened last week. I was standing on the balcony looking at the budding blossoms of the trees.As usual, I remembered Linda whom I had not seen for many years. Two years ago, I got some information from an old neighbor about Linda. She had settled down in France and had a daughter.I wondered whether she still stuck to her hobby of collecting leaves. I was so lost in thought that I did not hear that the doorbell rang at first.Then it rang again and again. Two short rings, one long ring and two short rings.Suddenly it dawned on me that it was how Linda used to ring the bell.I ran to the door.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
I opened the door and found “Linda” standing there. _________________________________________
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“Hello, Belle! I’m Amy, Linda’s daughter.” _________________________________________________
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