人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement 单词课件(共59张PPT)

(共59张PPT)
People of Achievement
Unit 1
Words and Expressions
Part 1
Learning objectives :
1. Master the pronunciation and spelling of the words from physiology~analyse through activities in class.
2. Grasp some important usages of these words by understanding and practicing.
Listen to the recording and repeat the words.
Read the new words aloud.
physiology
artemisinin
n. 生理学；生理机能
n. [药]青蒿素
malaria
n. 疟疾
Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine
诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
physiological
physics
physicist
physical
adj. 生理学的；生理的
n. 物理学
n. 物理学家
adj. 物理的；身体的；实体的
a disease that causes fever and shivering (= shaking of the body) caused by the bite of some types of mosquito
crucial
adj. 至关重要的；关键性的
vital
adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；生命的；（人）生机勃勃的，热情洋溢的
SYN:
a crucial factor/issue/decision
… be crucial for/to sth
It is crucial that…
at the crucial moment
关键性的因素╱问题╱决定
SYN:
… be vital for/to sth
It is vital that…
play a crucial/vital role in…
对…来说很重要
对…来说很重要
…很重要
…很重要
在关键时刻
起到一个重要/关键作用
essential, critical, significant, vital
essential, critical, significant, crucial, dynamic
病人应该被立刻送到医院是至关重要的。
1.______________ the patient should be sent to the hospital immediately.
赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。
2. Winning this contract___________the success of the company.
It is crucial that
is crucial to
committed
adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
commit
vt. 承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）
vi. 忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）
commit suicide
commit a crime
commit sb/oneself to doing sth.
commit sth to memory
commit sth to paper/writing
committee
a committed member of the team
忠于职守的队员
OPP:
n. 委员会
自杀
犯罪
承诺/保证做某事
把…记牢
把…写/记下来
die by suicide
commitment
n. 投入，奉献；承诺
uncommitted adj. 未作承诺的；未表态的
1. This development area is committed to ______(creat) a perfect investment environment.
2. The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger.
3. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to_________(practice)it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
4. The company’s ________(commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
creating
practicing
commitment
academy
n. (艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院校
academic
adj. 学业的；学术的
a military academy
the Royal Academy of Music
academic performance
academic year
high/low academic standards
军官学校
皇家音乐学院
academia
academician
n. 院士；学会会员
n. 学术界
学业成绩，学习表现
学年
高/低的学术标准
objective
n. 目标；目的
adj. 客观的
SYN: goal, aim, target, purpose; indifferent
OPP:
翻译：达到╱实现你的目标：
meet/achieve your objectives
with the objective of…
object
everyday objects
翻译：我非常反对收停车费。
I really object to being charged for parking.
n. 物品；对象；目的，目标；宾语 v. 反对，不赞同
日常用品
~ (to sb/sth)
~ (to doing sth/to sb doing sth)
subjective adj.主观的
以…为目标
botanical
adj. 植物学的
botanical garden
botany
botanist
n. 植物学
植物园
动物学
zoology
n. 植物学家
生物学
biology
evaluate
v. 评价；评估
SYN: assess
翻译：We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价。
evaluation n. 评价；评估
evaluative adj. 可估价的
valuable
invaluable
valueless
value
adj. 贵重的；宝贵的；珍贵的
adj.极有用的，极宝贵的
in-不，无
adj.不值钱的；微不足道的
property
n. 性质；特征；财产，所有物；房地产，不动产
a plant with medicinal properties 药用植物
intellectual property 知识产权
public property 公共财产
property prices 房地产价格
property tax 物业税；财产税
property right 产权
proper adj. 合适的; 恰当的
Compare the physical __________of the two substances.
比较一下这两种物质的物理特性。
Be careful not to damage other people’s _________.
小心别损及别人的财物。
properties
property
distinct
adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的，不同的；确实的，确切的
SYN: clear, obvious, evident; different; definite
be distinct from … = be different from…
His voice was quiet but every word was distinct.
Jamaican reggae music is quite distinct from North American jazz or blues.
Being tall gave Tony a distinct advantage.
distinctly adv. 明显地；确实地
distinctive adj. 有特色的，与众不同的
distinction n. 区别，差别；特性
distinguish v. 区别，区分；辨别
清楚的
不同的
确实的
extract
n. 提取物；精华； 摘录
v. 提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出
extract … from…
vanilla extract 香草精
The following extract is taken from her new novel.
下面一段摘自她的新小说。
to extract essential oils from plants
从植物中提取香精油
attract v. 吸引
abstract adj. 抽象的; n. （文献等的）摘要,概要 v. 抽取,分离
distract v.分散注意力
wormwood
n. 蒿；洋艾
boil
v. (使) 沸腾；煮开；烧开
n. 沸腾；沸点
Definition: a plant with a bitter flavour, used in making alcoholic drinks and medicines
1. The water was bubbling and boiling away.
水在咕嘟咕嘟地沸腾着。
2， The kettle's boiling.
boil an egg for sb = boil sb an egg
给某人煮个鸡蛋
boil down to sth 归结为；基本问题是
boil over （液体） 煮溢；潽出；（局势、情绪）恶化、爆发
boil sth up 把（液体或食物）烧开
壶开了。
liquid
n. 液体
adj. 液体的；液体的
obtain
vt. （尤指经努力）获得；赢得
vi. （规章、习俗等）存在；流行
气体：gas 蒸汽：vapour/vapor 空气：air
固体： solid 流体：fluid
liquor n. 含酒精饮料；烈酒
SYN: acquire, gain, attain, secure
obtain advice/information/permission
These conditions no longer obtain.
obtainable v. 可获得的 =available, accessible
maintain v. 维持；维修，保养
retain v. 保持，持有；保留
sustain v. 维持（生命、存在）；使保持；支持
得到忠告╱信息╱许可
这些条件不再适用。
acknowledge
vt. 承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢
SYN: admit, accept, recognize
acknowledgement/acknowledgment n. 承认，感谢
1. She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.
她拒不承认改革的必要性。
2. He is widely acknowledged as the best player in the world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
3. He acknowledged __________( support)several local business.
他承认支持了几家当地的公司
supporting
acknowledge doing sth. 承认做了某事
acknowledge sb./sth. to be/as… 承认某人/某事…
It is acknowledged that… …是大家公认的
take defeat　　 接受失败
suffer defeat 遭受失败
汉译英：屠呦呦不会承认失败。
________________________________________
Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.
defeat sb 打败某人
He defeated all his opponents.
他击败了所有他的对手。
defeat
n. 失败；挫败
vt. 击败；战胜
SYN: failure, loss; beat, win
a narrow/heavy defeat 惜败；惨败
He defeated the champion in three sets.他三盘击败了冠军。
a defeated army 败军
defeat n. 失败;挫败 vt.击败;战胜
defeat 表示在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手
beat 侧重于在比赛中击败对手
win 宾语是战争、比赛、奖品等，表示赢取，反义词为lose
analyse
vt. 分析=analyze
apparently
adv. 显而易见；看来；显然
analyse data 分析数据
We need to analyse what went wrong.
我们需要分析是什么出了差错。
analysis n. 分析
analytical adj. 善于分析的
analyst n. 分析员
SYN: obviously, clearly, seemingly
apparent adj. 显然的，明显的
It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
It soon became apparent to everyone that he couldn't sing.
do/ carry out an analysis 进行分析
一句多译：
显然，他为这次面试做了充分的准备。
(1) _______________, he has made full preparations for the interview.
(2) _____________________ he has made full preparations for the interview.
Apparently
It is apparent that
substance
n. 物质；物品；事实根据；重要性
SYN: matter, material, object
in substance 实质上，事实上
a chemical substance 化学物质
illegal substances (= drugs) 非法物品
It was malicious gossip, completely without substance.
这是恶意造谣，完全没有事实根据。
matters of substance 重大问题
substantial adj. 大量的，实质的； 大而坚固的
insist
v. 坚持；坚持要求
She insisted on his/him wearing a suit.
她坚持要他穿西装。
翻译/填空：他坚持说他是无辜的。
He insisted on his innocence.
He insisted (that) he _______(be) innocent.
(1)He also insisted that they _______ (leave) enough space for children.
insist that. . .
(1)坚持说/认为……(从句内容表示一个事实, 从句谓语按实际需要选择时态)
(2)强烈要求/坚持……(从句用虚拟语气, 即should+动词原形, should可以省略)
was
(should) leave
insistence n. 坚持
insistent adj. 坚持要求的；坚持的；固执的
persist v.顽强地坚持；执著地做; 维持；保持；持续存在
resist v. 抵制；阻挡；抵抗
assist v. 帮助，协助
scientific
adj. 科学（上）的；关于科学的
mostly
adv. 主要地；一般地
OPP: unscientific
a scientific discovery 科学发现
scientific knowledge 科学知识
scientifically adv. 科学地
science n. 科学
scientist n. 科学家
SYN: mainly, generally
most det.& pron. & adv. （数量上）最多，最大;大多数；几乎所有
at (the) most
not more than 至多；不超过
wear and tear
（正常使用造成的）磨损；损耗
pros and cons 优势和劣势 advantages and disadvantages
safe and sound 平安无事的
fast and furious 速度与激情
loud and clear 清楚明确的
hustle and bustle 熙熙攘攘地；热闹地
neat and tidy 整洁干净的
wear out 用坏，穿破；使筋疲力尽 → be worn out 筋疲力尽的
wear well 耐用，耐穿，耐磨
conclusion
n. 结论；推论
in conclusion 最后
得出…的结论：
draw a conclusion (that…)
come to the conclusion (that…)
lead to the conclusion (that…)
reach the conclusion (that …)
arrive at a conclusion (that …)
conclude v. 推断，决定
conclusive adj. 决定性的；最后的
concluding adj.最后的，结尾的
完成语段/完成句子
(1)(2022·6月浙江，应用文写作)Firstly，by studying and discussing in the self-study room，you can you will never forget.Besides，you can _________________________________
others’ remarks. ，the self-study room is a good place to promote cooperative and autonomous learning.
首先，通过在自习室学习和讨论，你可以得出你永远不会忘记的结论。另外，你可以从其他人的话语中推断出一些有用的信息。总之，自习室是一个促进合作和自主学习的好地方。
come to/arrive at/draw/reach a conclusion
conclude some useful information from
In conclusion
(2)(应用文之演讲稿)He ，“I’d like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my friends.”
他用这些话语结束他的演讲，“我想感谢我从我朋友那里得到的所有帮助。”
concluded his speech with these words
penicillin
n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
flee
v. 迅速离开；逃跑
a substance obtained from mould , used as a drug to treat or prevent infections caused by bacteria; a type of antibiotic
fled，fled
霉；霉菌
SYN: escape, run away
flee (from) sth/sb
flee from famine 逃荒
辨析： flea
Flea Market
从…逃跑
跳蚤市场
n. 跳蚤
抗生素
circumstance
n. [usually pl.]条件；环境；状况
SYN: condition, situation, setting
family/domestic circumstances 家庭经济状况
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此
in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何不
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许
翻译：正在变化的社会和政治环境
changing social and political circumstances
部分倒装
完成句子/句型转换
(1) she had no choice but to flee the company.
既然如此，她别无选择只能逃离这家公司。
(2) ，I will spare no effort to help you out of difficulty.
如果情况允许，我将不遗余力帮你摆脱困难。
(3)While I haven’t achieved my initial objective，I will under no circumstances acknowledge defeat.
→While I haven’t achieved my initial objective，_____________________
________________________.(改为倒装句)
Under/In the circumstances
If circumstances allow/permit
under no circumstances
will I acknowledge defeat
novelist
n. 小说家
novel
n. （长篇）小说
adj. 新颖的; 与众不同的
detective novels
侦探小说
romantic novels
言情小说
historical novels
历史小说
novelty n.新奇的事物；新颖小巧而廉价的物品
chart
n. 图表
vt. 制定计划
SYN: graph, diagram, table
bar chart 条形图 = bar graph
flow chart 流程图 = flow diagram
pie chart 饼图，圆形统计图
the charts 音乐榜单
flow
n. 流；流动；流畅；供应
vi. 流；流动
the flow of blood 流血
the traffic flow 交通流量
data flow 数据流
go with the flow 随大流
As usual, Tom was in full flow. 口若悬河
It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.
这条河就在这里汇入海洋。
found
vt. 创建；建立；把…建立在
founded, founded
SYN: establish, set up, start, base sth on sth, build, construct
found a club/company 创办俱乐部╱公司
翻译：
1. The town was founded by English settlers in 1790.
这座城镇是英格兰移民于1790年建立的。
2. 他们的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础上。
Their marriage was founded on love and mutual respect.
foundation n. 基础，根据
founder n. 创始人 v. 失败，破产；沉没
unfounded adj.莫须有的；无端的；没理由的；不依据事实的
ill-founded adj. 凭空的；无根据的；毫无理由的
well-founded adj.理由充足的；有根据的；有事实依据的
infer
vt. 推断；推定
SYN: deduce
Much of the meaning must be inferred from the context.
大部分含意必须从上下文中推断。
inference n.推理；推论；推断
inferential adj. 推断的；根据推理的
imply
v. 暗示，暗指，意味着
inferred, inferred
politician
n. 从政者；政治家；政客
numerous
adj. 众多的；许多的
theory
n. 理论；学说
SYN: statesman
politics n. 政治，政治学
political adj. 政治的
SYN:
理论上
adj. 理论上的
many, plenty, plentiful
in theory
theoretical
too numerous to mention/list
不胜枚举
relativity
n. 相对论；相对性
formula
n. 公式；方程式；配方
genius
n. （pl. geniuses）天才；天资；天赋
Formula One racing 一号方程式赛车
a formula for (doing) sth
…的方法/方案
relative adj. 有关的 n. 亲戚
relatively adv. 相对地
relevant adj. 相关的
relate vt. 关系， 联系
relation n.关系， 亲戚
relationship n. 关系
genius for (doing) sth.
gentle
adj. 温柔的；文静的
patent
n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利
adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的
gently adv. 温柔地
gentleman n. 绅士
gentleness n. 温柔; 温和，温顺
gentility n. 文雅
apply for a patent on sth. 申请专利
obtain a patent on sth. 获得专利
passion
n. 酷爱；激情；热情
have (a) passion for sth. 对…有热情
be full of/filled with passion 充满激情
With passion 富有激情
passionate adj. 热诚的；热情的
be passionate about...酷爱……
完成句子
(1)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) and kind-hearted，John set about making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.
既充满激情又热心，约翰开始做爆米花以帮助伯纳德赚些额外的钱。
(2)He ，which left us a deep impression.
他富有激情地做演讲，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。
Being full of/filled with passion
delivered a speech with passion
(3)(应用文之告知信)Delighted to know that you _____________________
_________________Tang poetry，I’m writing to inform you of some relevant information about it.
很高兴得知你酷爱唐诗，我写信告诉你一些唐诗的相关信息。
have a passion for/are
passionate about
doctorate
n. 博士学位
extraordinary
adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
Master’s degree
Bachelor’s degree
College’s degree
SYN:
OPP:
硕士学位
学士学位
大专学位
excellent, remarkable, incredible, brilliant, fabulous, awesome, unexpected
ordinary, plain, common
gradually
adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
photoelectric
adj. 光电的
gradual adj. 逐渐的
come to power
（开始）掌权；上台
power n.能力；力量；权力；职权；政权；电力供应
powerful adj.强有力的
be in power 掌权，执政(表示状态，可以和一段时间连用)
have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力/权力
beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及的
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)With the remarkable development of science and technology，China has become (power) than ever before.
(2)The politician full of passion (come) to power three years ago.In other words，he (be) in power for three years.
(3)(应用文之申请信)I am greatly convinced that ____________________ take up a position as your teaching assistant，and as a consequence，please take my application into consideration.
我深信我有能力担任您的助教，因此，请考虑我的申请。
more powerful
came
has been
I have the power to
(4)(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)As far as the twins were concerned，it was the Mother’s Day breakfast independently and they lowered their heads in sadness.
在双胞胎看来，独立做母亲节早餐超出了他们的能力，他们伤心地低着头。
beyond/out of their power to cook
institution
n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗
institute
n. （教育、专业等）机构；机构建筑
institutional adj. 制度上的
a research institute 研究所
consequence
n. 结果；后果
consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的
consequently adv.所以；因此；结果
as a consequence(＝in consequence) 结果；因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于……的缘故
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)With the rapid economic growth，the ___________(consequence) pollution and over-exploration put the beautiful oceans into risk.
consequent
(2)They have been committed to their career for the past decade.________
________________________________________，they have accomplished remarkable achievements.
他们在过去的十年里致力于他们的事业。因此，他们已经取得了非凡的成就。
(3)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)________________________________
___ John’s extraordinary idea，Bernard could make some money to support his family.
由于约翰的非凡的主意，伯纳德能够赚些钱养家。
As a
consequence/In consequence/Consequently
As a consequence of/In consequence
of
take up a position
担任；任职
take up 开始从事；拿起；接受；继续；占据(时间、空间等)
take in 收留(某人)；吸收；领会，理解；欺骗；包括
take off (飞机等)起飞；脱下；成功，成名；(突然)离开；休假
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take over 接管
完成句子/选词填空
(1)(应用文之推荐信)I strongly recommend that Li Hua，chairman of the Student Association， the image ambassador of the World Expo.
我强烈推荐学生会主席李华担任世博会的形象大使。
(2)Since he the company，heavy work has almost all of his time.Being a person full of passion and modesty，he always ______
___ some scientific and novel ideas to manage the company.Due to his great efforts，his career has and his company has a completely new look.
(should) take up a position as
took over
taken up
takes
in
taken off
taken on
moustache
n. 上唇的胡子；髭 (US) mustache
beard n. （人的）胡须，络腮胡子，髯
whisker n.(猫、鼠等的）须;络腮胡子；连鬓胡子
peculiarity
n. 个性；特点；怪异的特质
SYN: characteristic, feature, quality, character, identity
a physical peculiarity 身体上的特征
peculiar adj. 怪异的；奇怪的；不寻常的
be peculiar to sb/sth 是（某人、某地、某种情况等）特有的，特殊的
a species of bird peculiar to Asia 亚洲独有的鸟类
encounter
vt. 偶然碰到；遇到
n. 邂逅；遭遇
SYN: meet with, run into, come across
翻译：
1. a chance encounter (with sb)
与…的偶然相遇
2. 我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。(difficulties)
We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week.
3.她是他所见到过的最出色的女性。(remarkable)
She was the most remarkable woman he had ever encountered.
professor
n. 教授
mourn
v. 哀悼；忧伤
profession n. 专业；职业
professional adj. 专业的，职业的；n. 职业运动员；专业人员
professionally adv. 专业地
SYN: grieve
mourn for sb/sth 为…感到悲伤
She mourned for her lost childhood. 她为失去的童年而伤感。
mournful adj.悲哀的；令人惋惜的
mournful music 伤感的音乐
remarkable
adj. 非凡的；显著的
device
n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器
SYN: astonishing, excellent, extraordinary, prominent, significant, distinctive, brilliant
OPP: unremarkable
a remarkable achievement/career/talent 非凡的成就╱事业╱才能
remark v. 评论；谈论
remarkably adv.不寻常地，惊人地；不平常地，奇怪地
修辞手法 stylistic device
医疗设备 medical device
电子器件 electronic device
sum
总结；概括
n. 金额；款项；总数；总和
draft
n. 草稿；草案
vt. 起草；草拟
sum up 总结
in sum 总而言之
a large sum of money 一大笔钱
summary n. 总结
summarize v. 总结，概括
the final draft 终稿，定稿
Thanks!