Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Discovering Useful Structures—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.The exercises are designed to relax your mind and _____(strength) your muscles.
2.There are some grammar _____ (error). Can you correct them
3.Does it make any _____ (different) whether he comes or not
知识点2 形容词的用法
4.She has lost weight and looks _____ (slim) than before.
5.The _____(injure) were rushed to the hospital for treatment.
【提升能力】
6.她未能进入艺术学院。
She _____ _____ _____ into the art college.
7.虽然这次入学考试他失败了，但他并不气馁。
Although he failed in this entrance examination, he_____ _____ _____ .
8.名人应该为别人树立好榜样。
Famous people should _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ thers.
9.即使你打车，你也赶不上航班了。
You will miss the flight _____ _____ you take a taxi.
10.老师把汤姆叫到了他的办公室，因为他考试作弊被抓住了。
The teacher called Tom to his office because he _____ _____ _____in the exam.
【综合素养】
11. Playing sports offers you more than just physical benefits. ①________ The benefits are the same whether or not you're good at sports. If you are not good enough to play competitively on a school team, you can play sports with your friends.
Making new friends.
Playing sports enables you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed. ②________ You play together happily and gradually know each other. Many times, the friendships you create on the field remain strong when you are not playing sports.
Understanding the value of health.
Taking part in sports improves your health in many ways. ③________ This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels. Thus, playing sports can lead to better eating habits and prevent you from becoming too fat.
Building team spirit.
Sports provide children with the important lesson of learning how to work in a team. ④________ By working together they will learn each other's strengths and weaknesses and will be better able to decide and work out the best plan for the team. This will without doubt help them in their future lives and jobs as well.
⑤________
Playing sports involves a lot of time and energy. Some may think this would take students, attention away from schoolwork. However, the opposite is true. Sports require memorization, repetition and learning—skills that are directly relevant (有关的) to schoolwork.
A. Becoming active in class.
B. Doing better in your studies.
C. Everyone has to work together to achieve the goal.
D. To be a good athlete, you must take good care of yourself.
E. Sports can help you in your study and fit in with society as well.
F. Sports bring teens from different schools and backgrounds together.
G. However, sports will improve your fitness and help you achieve weight goals.
I start my workday early, parking myself in front of my home computer and often forgetting to get up in a period of several hours. But one thing I try to do every day is take a ten-minute walk around midday.
Walking at lunchtime is a smart thing to do, a new study finds. This doesn't seem like news. After all, we've known that doing exercise makes a big difference to us. But as The New York Times points out, those fitness studies typically look at the effects of exercise plans in the long run. This new study looks at changes that happen more quickly, from one day to the next day or even from this hour to the next hour.
For the study, researchers gathered a group of mostly sedentary(惯于久坐的) office workers in the UK. All were out of shape, but emotionally healthy. Researchers asked them to take 30-minute lunchtime walks, three days a week for 10 weeks. The volunteers were also asked to install apps on their smart phones so that the researchers could send the volunteers questions after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings about everything from stress and tension to motivation.
When the researchers compared the volunteers' answers on the afternoons when they walked to those on the afternoons when they didn't walk, there was quite a difference. On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed versus(与……相比) their situations on the days when they didn't walk.
Unfortunately, the researchers said many of the volunteers didn't believe that they'd be able to continue walking once the study ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks. It's an understandable response, but a sad one.
1.How does the new study differ from other fitness studies
A.It calls on people to have a walk after lunch.
B.It focuses on the short-term effects of walking.
C.It mainly pays attention to sedentary office workers.
D.It aims at studying the relationship between exercise and health.
2.Why were the volunteers required to install apps on their smart phones
A.To record their time spent online. B.To know how long they walked.
C.To prevent them from getting lost. D.To respond to the researchers' questions.
3.What does the new study find
A.Lunchtime walks can soon improve people's moods.
B.Office workers usually have little time to go for a walk.
C.A sedentary lifestyle is linked to an increased risk of disease.
D.Walking brings more advantages to people than other kinds of exercise.
4.What can we infer about the volunteers from the last paragraph
A.They will spend more time walking.
B.Some of them tend to be more outgoing.
C.Most of them will perform better in the work.
D.They may stop lunchtime walks due to work pressure.
答案以及解析
1.答案：strengthen
解析：考查动词。句意:这些训练的目的是放松你的大脑、增强你的肌肉。句中and连接两个并列的不定式短语,第二个不定式短语中的to可以省略。故填strengthen。
2.答案：errors
3.答案：difference
4.答案：slimmer
5.答案：injured
解析：考查形容词。根据设空处后面的were (injure)作主语;"the+rushed to可知 The形容词"表示一类人。the injured表示"伤者"。 故填injured。
6.答案：failed to get
7.答案：didn't lose heart
8.答案：set a good example to
9.答案：even if/though
10.答案：was caught cheating
11.答案：EFDCB
解析： 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了参加体育运动的好处。
①根据空后The benefits are the same whether or not you're good at sports.(无论你是否擅长运动,其好处都是一样的。)可知E项Sports can help you in your study and fit in with society as well."体育运动可以帮助你学习和适应社会。"符合语境。故选E。
②根据空后You play together happily and gradually know each other.(你们一起快乐地玩,逐渐了解彼此。)可知F项Sports bring teens from different schools and backgrounds together."体育运动将来自不同学校和背景的青少年带到一起。"符合语境。故选F。
③根据空后This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels.(这可以让你思考吃什么和如何对待你的身体,以达到最高的表现水平。)可知D项To be a good athlete, you must take good care of yourself."要成为一名优秀的运动员,你必须要照顾好自己。"符合语境。故选D。
④根据空后By working together...work out the best plan for the team.(通过合作,他们将了解彼此的优势和劣势,并将能更好地决定并制订出团队的最佳计划。)可知,C项 Everyone has to work together to achieve the goal."每个人都必须共同努力去实现目标。"符合语境。故选C。
⑤设空处为本段的段落主题句。根据Sports require memorization, repetition and learning—skills that are directly relevant to schoolwork.(体育运动需要记忆,重复和学习——与功课直接相关的技能。)可知B项Doing better in your studies."在学习上做得更好。"符合语境。故选B。
12.
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知这项新研究是关于散步的,再根据第二段最后两句内容"但正如《纽约时报》所指出的,那些关于健康的研究通常着眼于从长远来看锻炼计划的影响。这项新研究着眼于更快发生的变化,从一天到第二天,或者甚至从这个小时到下一个小时。"可知,这项新研究的不同之处在于它关注散步的短期影响。故选B。
2.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的"The volunteers were also asked to install apps... the researchers could send the volunteers questions...Then the researchers used those answers to judge"可知志愿者被要求在智能手机上安装应用程序,以便研究人员可以在志愿者散步后向他们发送问题,然后,研究人员用那些回答来做一些判断。所以志愿者被要求安装应用程序是为了回答研究人员的问题。故选D。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知,这项研究关注的是更快发生的变化;根据第四段最后一句可知,通过对比研究发现,在午餐时间散步能改善人们的情绪。结合这两处信息可知,在午餐时间散步可以快速地改善人的情绪。故选A。
4.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"many of the volunteers didn't believe that they'd be able to continue walking once the study ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks"可知许多志愿者认为一旦研究结束,他们就不能继续在午餐后散步了,主要是因为他们要在午餐时间工作。所以他们可能由于工作压力而停止在午餐时间散步。故选D。
2Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Reading and Thinking—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.When faced with choosing subjects, my deskmate chose physics with great _____(determine).
2.From my point of view, _____(fail) is the mother of success.
3.It took Susan several weeks to regain her _____(strong) after a long hike.
知识点2 介词的用法
4.Steve kept track _____ his business by telephone when he was in hospital.
5.The soccer player suffered terrible injuries _____ his leg.
【提升能力】
6.莉莉没有和我们一起来，因为她说她以前看过这部影片。
Lily didn't come with us, because she said she _____ _____ _____ _____ before.
7.发表题为"做聪明的在线学习者"的演讲，我深感荣幸。
①I _____ _____ _____ _____ a speech titled "Be smart online learners". (honour v.)
②It _____ _____ _____ for me _____ _____a speech titled "Be smart online learners". (honour n.)
8.一些人在遇到失败时就丧失信心，而另一些人则迎接挑战。
Some people _____ _____ when they _____ _____ _____ while others rise to the challenge.
9.Sweat your way to good health! You can make it!
翻译：挥汗走向健康！你可以做到的！
仿写：我的梦想是考上北京大学。我做到了。
My dream was to be admitted to Beijing University, and I ______ ______.
10.The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
翻译：他在芝加哥创建的"男孩女孩俱乐部"从1996年至今 一直在帮助年轻人。
仿写：我很高兴，从你来到这个学校，你的英语一直在进步。
I am glad that you ______ ______ ______ your English ______ ______ ______ to this school.
【综合素养】
11.Teenagers' fitness is now a major concern, and physical exercise is very important. It reduces stress and improves fitness. Exercise makes your body strong, and helps you to keep the right body weight. Sports scientist Dr. Helen Lopez offers the following advice to teenagers： "First, you need to find out your present level of fitness. Then you can design a programme that will help you become healthier."
Dr. Lopez suggests that there are three levels of fitness that need a change of lifestyle. "Overweight" means that the person gets very little exercise and often has a serious weight problem. "Inactive" means that the person does not join in many physical activities, hut is not seriously overweight. " Active" refers to people who take part in sports and other physical activities, but do not have a high fitness level.
According to Dr. Lopez, overweight teenagers should work out to keep healthy. "Ride a bike, play volleyball or basketball for a while, and go for a twenty-minute walk each day. All these will help to burn calories." Inactive teenagers should do similar activities, but add some bending and stretching exercises, such as push-ups and sit-ups, starting with twenty of each a day. Inactive people can take a little more exercise than overweight people because their bodies are stronger, Dr. Lopez said. The same rule applies to(适用于）active teenagers.
Dr. Lopez suggests one hour a week or more on running and other forms of intensive exercise, together with fifteen minutes a day spent on stretching and bending activities. These are really important in order to prevent injuries," Dr. Lopez said. Some weight-training and other body- strengthening exercises could also be planned in the programme in order to increase the person's strength.
1.What can we learn from the passage
A.Active people always have a high fitness level.
B.Overweight people always take more exercise.
C.Inactive teenagers are not seriously overweight.
D.Keeping fit means changing teenagers' lifestyle.
2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text
A.Physical exercise can make the teenagers grow taller.
B.Pliysical exercise can help teenagers become healthier.
C.Physical exercise can help to bum up calories.
D.Physical exercise can increase teenagers' strength.
3.What exercise should people do in order to prevent injuries
A.Walking. B.Stretching and bending.
C.Riding. D.Weight training.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.Doing Exercise B.Teenagers' Fitness
C.Different Lifestyles D.Overweight Teenagers
12.Some educators told us that more years of school could help students get higher scores on intelligence tests. That was a finding of a study of teenage males in some countries. Now, another research shows that physical activity may help students do better in their classes.
The research comes as educators in some countries are reducing time for activities like physical education. They are using the time instead for academic (学术的) subjects like math and reading. The studies appeared between 2008 and 2014. They included more than 55,000 children, aged 6 to 18.
Amika Singh: "According to the results of our study, we can conclude that being physically active is beneficial to academic performance. There are, first, Physiological explanations, like more blood flow, and so more oxygen to the brain. Being physically active means there are more hormones (荷尔蒙) Produced like endorphins (内啡肽). And endorphins make your stress level lower and your mood improved, which means you also perform better."
Also, students taking part in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them. This could improve their classroom behavior and help them keep their mind on their work.
The study leaves some questions unanswered, however. Ms Stash says it is not possible to say whether the amount or kind of activity affected the level of academic improvement. This is because of differences among the studies.
The researchers said they found only two high-quality studies. They needed more high-quality studies to confirm (证实) their findings. They also pointed out that "results for other parts of the world may be quite different".
Still, the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school. Ms Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs. Her paper on "Physical Activity and Performance at School" is published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine.
1.The passage mainly tells us that _______.
A.a research on physical education has been done by the researchers
B.there is a possibility that physical activity leads to higher grades
C.the amount or kind of activity directly affects academic level
D.the research shows that the children aged 6 to 18 don9t do sports
2.Which of the following is TRUE
A.Being mentally active is good for academic subjects.
B.The more hormones you have, the more stressed you will get.
C.The researchers have found many high-quality studies to prove the research.
D.The educators in some countries think studies, not exercise, mean much to students.
3.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 probably means_______.
A.good marks result from high-quality study
B.findings are probably different in different areas
C.physical activity will spread all over the world
D.academic performance depends on the surroundings
4.What's the purpose of writing the passage
A.To call our attention to the sports at school.
B.To introduce all types of physical activities.
C.To represent the academic performance.
D.To improve students' health.
答案以及解析
1.答案：determination
解析：考查名词。设空处作介词with的宾语且由形容词great修饰。With great determination表示"非常坚定地",在句中作状语。故填determination。
2.答案：failure
解析：考查名词。设空处后面为系动词is,故设空处作主语。此处表示"失败乃成功之母",用名词failure。故填failure。
3.答案：strength
解析：考查名词。设空处作动词regain的宾语,且由形容词性物主代词her限定。regain her strength表示"恢复她的体力"。 故填strength。
4.答案：of
解析：考查介词。句意:史蒂夫住院期间通过电话了解他生意的情况。keep track of意为"了解……的情况/动态"。故填of。
5.答案：to
解析：考查介词。表示身体某部位受伤用"injury/injuries to+身体部位"。故填to。
6.答案：had seen the film
7.答案：am/feel honoured to make/give; is an honour; to make/give
8.答案：lose heart; come/meet across/with failure
9.答案：made it
10.答案：have been improving, since you came
11.答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题.由第二段第三句"Inactive" means that the person does not join in many physical activities, but is not seriously overweight.可知,不活跃的青少年超重不是很严重。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据f段末句、第三段第三句All these will help to burn calories.以及末段末句可知.B、C、D项在文中都提到了.文中并没有提到体育运动可以让青少年长高。故选A。
3.细节理解题由末段Dr. Lopez所说的内容可知,为了避免受伤,人们可以做一些拉伸和弯曲运动。故选B。
4.主旨大意题本文在首段提出Teenagers' fitness is now a major concern, and physical exercise is very important,然后分析了青少年中存在的几种健康状况并且给出了一些具体的运动方案由此吋知这篇文章主要是讲青少年的健康问题,所以B选项为最佳标题。故选B。
12.答案：BDBA
解析：1.B主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句可知，另外一项研究显示体育活动可以帮助学生在课堂上表现得更好， 能够取得更好的成绩。文章对这一研究发现展开了详细说 明。故B项正确。故选B。
2.D推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，正是因 为一些教育者正在减少体育教育的时间，而把更多的时间用在了专业'性更强的数学或阅读等学科，人们才进行了这项研究。故D项正确。故选D。
3. B句意理解题。根据画线句前两句可知，研究人员认为他们只进行了两次高质量的研究，还需要更多的研究来证实这个理论。也许在其他地方的研究会得出不同的结果。故B项正确。故选B。
4. A写作意图题。根据最后一段前两句可知，参加体育活动对学生有很大的好处，学校在减少体育课程之前要三思而后行。呼吁我们要重视体育教育。故A项正确。故选A。
2Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Reading for Writing—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.I knew I wanted to make a _____ (different) in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that.
知识点2 形容词的用法
2.The _____ (positive) an article is on the Internet, the more likely it is to be shared.
3.When you feel ______ (stress), you can chat with someone or listen to music to make yourself relaxed.
知识点3 介词的用法
4.The editor cut _____ much of the repetition and thus saved many pages.
5.I don't quite care ________ coffee, but thank you anyway; maybe tea is better for me.
【提升能力】
6.跟着来吧！让我们一起去运动，享受健康的生活！
_____ _____ ! Let's do sports together and enjoy a healthy life!
7.输掉比赛教会了我永远不要放弃或失去信心。
Losing games teaches me never to _____ _____ or lose heart.
8.运动可以帮助我们减轻压力，并且给我们提供交朋友的机会。
Doing sports can help us reduce our stress and offer us opportunities _____ _____ _____.
9.我最喜欢的运动是篮球，篮球让我变得更加健康和乐观。
My favorite sport is basketball and it makes me _____ _____ _____ _____ .
10.通过打篮球，我学会了如何和别人打交道，也意识到了团队合作的重要性。
_____ _____ _____, I have learned how I should deal with others and have realized the importance of teamwork.
【综合素养】
11. All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.
①_____ They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when their player or team wins.
②_____ Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy! ③_____ Think how many lovers to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada.
Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. ④_____ Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends. ⑤_____ One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.
A.And think of people in cold countries.
B.Sports help to train a person's character.
C.Not a few people participate in different sports competitions themselves.
D.Many people like to watch others play games.
E.People aren't inventing new sports or games.
F.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere take part in them.
G.People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
12.FITNESS CENTRE
The fitness center offers a variety of activities for members of all ages throughout the week.
Activities on Monday 12 July, 2017:
Learning to swim. Classes for preschool children aged five and under start at 10 am. Classes last 30 minutes and parents must attend with their children. Don't forget to book in advance, as places are limited, and to pack some warm clothes for using after the lesson.
Woman's aerobics(有氧运动). Sessions last for one hour and begin at 10:45 am, led by e along and join us every Monday for an exhilarating(令人高兴的) hour of exercise and fun. Leave your kids at the nursery (托儿所) and take time out for yourself. Wear a track suit(运动服) or something similar.
Lunchtime yoga. Take a break at lunchtime (1:00—2:00 pm) for an hour of meditation (沉思) and yoga. Enjoy the peace and quiet of our meditation room, and relaxing sessions designed for active people with busy lives. Use your own mat(垫子) for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum(金额).
Family shoot around. 10:00—5:30 pm. Family shoot around is open for members and guests to bring the family out for basketball. Half court games are only during this time. There are no full court games during family shoot around hours. All participants must sign in(签到) at the front desk and wear a wristband(腕套) during the play.
1.When will Melissa be working
A.From 10:00 am to 10:30 am. B.From 10:45 am to 11:45 am.
C.From 1:00 pm to 2:00 pm. D.From 10:00 am to 5:30 pm.
2.Which activity may need extra fees
A.Lunchtime yoga. B.Learn to swim.
C.Women's aerobics. D.Family shoot around.
3.What is the common requirement of the activities
A.They need to sign in. B.They need to bring something.
C.They need to book in advance. D.They need to become a member.
答案以及解析
1.答案：difference
2.答案：more positive
3.答案：stressed
4.答案：out
5.答案：for
6.答案：Come along
7.答案：give up
8.答案：to make friends
9.答案：healthier and more positive
10.答案：By playing basketball
11.答案：①-⑤ DFAGB
解析： ①根据空后一句"They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games."可知, 这里想说许多人喜欢看其他人打比赛。故选D。
②根据空后的"Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy!"可知, 这里想说有些运动非常有趣, 几乎每个地方的人都参加。故选F。
③根据空后一句"Think how many lovers to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada."可知, 这里想说想想寒冷国家的人们。故选A。
④根据空前的"Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet."和空后的"Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports."可知, 这里想说人们一直在发明新的体育运动。故选G。
⑤根据空后的 "One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace."可知, 这里想说运动帮助培养一个人的性格。故选B。
12.答案：1-3.BAB
解析：1.细节理解题。本题题干意为:Melissa什么时间工作 根据题干中的"Melissa"可知答案区间在第二个运动项目(Woman's aerobics)的介绍中。根据本段中的"Sessions last for one hour and begin at 10:45 am, led by Melissa."(训练课持续一小时,上午10:45开始,由Melissa执教。)可知Melissa在上午10:45 至上午11:45工作,故答案为B项。故选B。
2.细节理解题。本题题干意为:哪项活动需要额外费用 根据"Lunchtime yoga"中"Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum."(使用您自己的垫子做地板运动,您也可以花很少的钱向我们租用一块垫子。)可知答案为A项。故选A。
3.细节理解题。本题题干意为:这些活动有什么共同要求 根据"Learning to swim"中"Don't forget... and to pack some warm clothes for using after the lesson."、"Woman's aerobics"中"Wear a track suit or something similar."、"Lunchtime yoga"中"Use your own mat for floor work or..."以及"Family shoot around"中"All participants must... wear a wristband during the play."可知所有活动项目都需要带点东西,故答案为B项(需要带些东西)。 故选B。
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