河南省周口市川汇区恒大中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
1．（2019高三上·临沂期末）阅读理解
Considering that Sundarbans National Park is situated in thetropics, Septemberto March is the ideal time to come here. April, May and June are too hot while July andAugust often bring heavy season winds that limit travel and don't make for avery pleasant sightseeing experience. You can really enjoy doing lots ofcharming things in the Sundarbans during September to March.
Take a river tour
Most tourists who explore the Sundarbans arrive in KhulnaCity first. Fromthere, youcan join a boat tour that travels south along the Ganges River through miles ofpreserved forest all the way to Kotka, where there is a beautiful beach alongthe Bay of Bengal.
Visit a bird habitat
This bird habitat is a nesting place for dozens of tropicalbirds found in the Sundarbans. The best way to observe these birds isclimbing up the Sajnekhali Watchtower. If you're lucky, you'll also catch the famed BengalTiger making its rounds through the swampy jungle.
Visit the Mangrove(红树林)Interpretation Centre
If you wish to spend some time indoors out of the sweatyheat, goto the Mangrove Interpretation Centre. This place is very educational withmany posters, mapsand exhibits showing the wildlife and varieties of mangrove plants found withinthe park. You'llalso get to see crocodiles in a small pool.
Take a tour of local villages
Experience village life that has largely remained unchangedfor centuries. Inthis vast tropical region, there are villages made up of variousethnic groups who rely on fishing, farming and working in the localthrough growing tourist industry for their livelihoods. The Sundarbans is a UNESCO worldheritage site where you can visit villages and talk to locals,who will gladly sharetheir culture with you.
（1）Which month is suitable for a visit to Sundarbans National Park
A．December. B．August. C．June. D．May.
（2）What can visitors do in the Mangrove Interpretation Centre
A．See some plants and animals.
B．Put up posters about wildlife.
C．Feed crocodiles in a small river.
D．Observe birds by climbing up the trees.
（3）What is the author's main purpose in writing the text
A．To advertise some natural animal habitats.
B．To advocate the protection of forests in Khulna City.
C．To introduce several charming villages in the vast tropical region.
D．To show visitors something attractive to do in the Sundarbans.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观孙德尔本斯国家公园的理想时间以及公园内有趣的活动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"September to March is the ideal time to come here. "可知，9月到3月是去孙德尔本斯国家公园的理想时间，12月更好在这个时间范围内，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"This place is very educational with many posters，maps and exhibits showing the wildlife and varieties of mangrove plants found within the park. You'll also get to see crocodiles in a small pool. "可知，红树林讲解中心有很多展示了公园内各种野生动植物的海报和展品，你还可以看到鳄鱼，由此可知，游客在这里可以看到一些动物和植物，故选A。
（3）考查作者意图。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了参观孙德尔本斯国家公园的理想时间以及公园内有趣的活动，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是向游客介绍一些在孙德尔本斯国家公园可以做的有吸引力的事情，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读理解
Ms Yuting Zhou is an early-career environmental advisor working on industrial wastewater pollution management, In her work, she's learning about an important type of environmental pollution, and finding ways to help companies manage water resources better.
When we asked Yuting how old she was when she got interested in environmental problems, we were surprised by her response. "I must have been about six years old. I used to watch an American TV series about an environmentalist Superhero named Captain Planet. "
There is one serious pollution event somewhere in the world. The concern about environmental issues deeply influenced Yuting. But how does one prepare to be a "Superwoman" For Yuting, it came down to a reflection on what she might be good at — in her case, the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects-and making considered choices in her education.
She began to study environmental engineering, and found a passion for the subject. "During my graduate studies. " I researched different kinds of health effects.
While she developed valuable skills that would help her in her career, she also learnt more about herself and her role in the world. "I learnt that science requires a scientific proof through repeated and sometimes long processes. Although I completed and published my research in a top academic journal, I realized that I'm not fit for laboratory work. I needed more interaction with people, and to solve real-life problems. "
Within three days of graduating, Yuting was on a plane heading to Kenya. She was excited about working for the United Nations because there were people from various industries and backgrounds gathering to improve the environment and create a more sustainable (可持续的) future — a lot like the setting of Caprain Planetwhich brought light to her in the first place.
2．What first exposed Yuting to environmental problems
A．An American TV series. B．A famous environmental expert.
C．A famous and popular hero. D．A serious pollution event.
3．What did Yuting consider when she faced the environmental issues
A．How she could make use of her talent.
B．What organization she should join.
C．How she could become a superwoman.
D．What she would focus on studying.
4．What did Yuting think really help her to deal with environmental problems
A．Publishing lots of papers about them.
B．Conducting many researches on them.
C．Carrying on many a related experiment.
D．Reaching out to as many people as possible.
5．What did Yuting benefit from working in the UN
A．She met with people from all walks of life.
B．She knew the key to success.
C．She changed her attitude to life.
D．She learned how to chat with others.
【答案】2．A
3．D
4．D
5．A
【知识点】细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了周雨婷女士，一名早期从事工业废水污染管理的环境顾问，在她的工作中，她正在学习一种重要的环境污染类型，并寻找帮助企业更好地管理水资源的方法。包括她开始对环境问题感兴趣的起因以及为环境改善所作出的努力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段"When we asked Yuting how old she was when she got interested in environmental problems, we were surprised by her response. ‘I must have been about six years old. I used to watch an American TV series about an environmentalist Superhero named Captain Planet.'"当我们问雨婷从几岁开始对环境问题感兴趣时，她的回答让我们很惊讶。"那时候我大概六岁。我以前看过一部美剧，讲的是一个叫星球队长的环保超级英雄。"可知，一部美国电视剧最先让雨婷接触到环境问题。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The concern about environmental issues deeply influenced Yuting. But how does one prepare to be a‘Superwoman' For Yuting, it came down to a reflection on what she might be good at — in her case, the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects-and making considered choices in her education."对环境问题的关注深深影响了雨婷。但是一个人如何准备成为"女超人"呢？对于雨婷来说，这可以归结为对自己擅长的学科的反思——对她来说，是科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）学科——并在她的教育中做出深思熟虑的选择。可知，当雨婷面对环境问题时，她会集中精力考虑要学习什么。故选D。
4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"I needed more interaction with people, and to solve real-life problems."我需要更多地与人互动，解决现实生活中的问题。可知，雨婷接触尽可能多的人能真正帮助她处理环境问题。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"She was excited about working for the United Nations because there were people from various industries and backgrounds gathering to improve the environment and create a more sustainable (可持续的) future — a lot like the setting of Caprain Planet which brought light to her in the first place."她对在联合国工作感到很兴奋，因为有来自不同行业和背景的人聚集在一起，改善环境，创造一个更可持续的未来——这很像《上尉星球》中的场景，最初给她带来了光明。可知，雨婷在联合国工作的好处是她会见了各行各业的人。故选A。
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读理解
Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, and then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. Hehad not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants (煤炭工厂) were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we're looking for.
"Thank you, but no thank you. " says Ralph King, a climate scientist. Hetold Grey Childs, author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, "but there are other things we need to deal with, like consumption (消费). They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter to bring the plastic to the glacier. "This experiment gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed (解决，处理) without changing human behavior. . It can't. Technology won't give us a free ride (搭便车).
Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won't be climate victims; we will be climate choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives, the engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. But what then "Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver (颤抖) down my back", Grey Childs writes, "Something sounds wrong about it. "
Me I like it better when the earth takes care of itself. I guess one day we will have to run theplace, but for the moment, sitting at my desk. looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling. I'm happy not to be in charge.
6．What does Ralph King think of Jason Box's experiment
A．It's a possible solution to climate change.
B．It's a misleading attempt to fix the climate.
C．It's a successful experiment on saving the glacier.
D．It arouses people's attention to the problem of global warming.
7．Which statement would Kelly Smith most probably agree with
A．The fight against climate change will not succeed.
B．Humans will succeed in controlling climate in the future.
C．Technology is not the final solution, let alone its high cost.
D．Jason's experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.
8．What is Grey Childs's attitude to human's controlling the climate
A．Supportive. B．Tolerant (容忍的).
C．Sceptical (怀疑的). D．Unclear.
9．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Should we fix the climate with technology
B．Is climate change a threatening problem
C．Why is the earth climate getting worse
D．What if all the glaciers disappeared
【答案】6．B
7．B
8．C
9．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过俄亥俄州一位科学家做的实验，说明气候变化不可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决的，同时几位科学家预测将来我们可以成功控制住气候。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的" This experiment gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed (解决，处理) without changing human behavior. . It can't. Technology won't give us a free ride (搭便车). "这个实验给了人们错误的希望：气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决。它不能。科技不会让我们搭便车。可知，Ralph King认为这个实验给了人们错误的希望，因此这是一种误导性的试图改变气候。故选B。
7．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won't be climate victims; we will be climate choosers."气候学家凯利·史密斯并不是唯一一个预测不久之后我们将不再是气候受害者的人；我们将成为气候选择者。可知，凯利·史密斯预测我们很快就不会成为气候受害者，我们将成为气候选择者，从而推知，他同意"未来人类将成功控制气候"的观点。故选B。
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的" Something sounds wrong about it. "听起来有点不对劲。可知Grey Childs对人类控制气候的态度是怀疑的，故选C。
9．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, and then left. "几年前，来自俄亥俄州的科学家Jason Box将31卷巨大的白色塑料飞到了格陵兰岛的一座冰川上。他和他的团队把它们铺在一万英尺的冰面上，然后离开。引出控制气候变化的极端例子，之后列举不同的科学家对于控制气候的观点‘以及最后一段"Me？I like it better when the earth takes care of itself, I guess one day we will have to run the place，but for the moment, sitting at my desk，looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling，I'm happy not to be in charge. "我吗？我更喜欢地球自己照顾自己的时候，我想有一天我们将不得不管理这个地方，但此刻，坐在我的办公桌前，看着树木疯狂地弯曲，风咆哮着，我很高兴自己不再是负责人。作者提出更喜欢地球自己照料自己，也即反对人类控制气候，因此本文主要讲的是人类是否应该控制气候，"但是我们应该解决气候问题吗？"适合做文章的标题，故选A。
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读理解
Have you been exercising and eating clean, but when you step on the scale, it says you've gained a few pounds "That's normal, and it doesn't mean that your workouts are not effective,"says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida.
"A person's scale mass is a combination of muscle, fat, bone, blood, and even the air that we carry in our lungs," he says. "Immediately after a workout routine, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. " So if you're gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it's probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is.
The scale can't tell you how much of your body weight is muscle or fat, which means if your goal is to improve your fitness level, the scale is not the best tool for measuring improvements. When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease. These changes happen over weeks and months (not hours or days) so the scale is useless when tracking them.
You may argue that you weigh a few pounds less after a high intensity (强度) training class. Don't get too excited — it's just water loss due to sweat. Water makes up approximately 65 to 90 percent of a person's weight, and variation in water content of the human body can move the scale by ten pounds or more from day to day.
So ignore the scale and pay more attention to objective measurement tools like body Lhs composition. Keep in mind that if you're exercising but gaining weight, you may actually look slimmer.
10．What can we know from Dolgan's words
A．Your weight changes little during a day.
B．Your scale mass is affected by many factors.
C．Your workout is not effective if you gain weight.
D．Your weight is determined only by muscle and fat.
11．What will most probably happen after you exercise and eat healthy for 3 months
A．You will weigh less.
B．Your muscle mass will decrease.
C．Your body fat will increase.
D．Your body composition will change.
12．How much water may a man weighing 150 pounds have in his body
A．30 pounds. B．60 pounds. C．100 pounds. D．140 pounds.
13．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Why do we gain weight
B．How to work out effectively
C．What is the composition of our body
D．Why does my workout cause weight gain
【答案】10．B
11．D
12．C
13．D
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；说明文；医疗保健类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了在坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食的同时，体重不降反增的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，数字计算和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
10．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"‘A person's scale mass is a combination of muscle，fat，bone，blood， and even the air that we carry in our lungs,' he says."他说："一个人的体表质量是肌肉、脂肪、骨头、血液，甚至是我们肺中携带的空气的组合。"可知，体重是肌肉、脂肪、骨骼、血液甚至肺里空气的质量总和。可推知，体重受多种因素影响。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease."当你开始通过锻炼来改变你的身体组成——通过增加更多的肌肉量和减少体脂——你的体重可能会增加，而体脂率可能会降低。可推知，在坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食后，最有可能发生的是你的身体组成会发生变化。故选D。
12．考查数字计算。根据倒数第二段中的"Water makes up approximately 65 to 90 percent of a person's weight"水大约占一个人体重的65%到90%。可知，人体的含水量约占人体体重的65%到90%。可知，体重150磅的人体内含水量应在(150×65%=97.5)磅至(150×90%=135)磅之间。故选C。
13．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"Have you been exercising and eating healthy, but when you step on the scale, it says you've gained a few pounds ‘That's normal, and it doesn't mean that your workouts are not effective', says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida."你是否一直在锻炼，饮食也很健康，但当你站在秤上时，秤上显示你胖了几磅？"这很正常，这并不意味着你的锻炼没有效果，"佛罗里达州迈阿密海滩的运动生理学家Jeffrey A. Dolgan说；以及和第二段中的"Immediately after a workout routine, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. So if you're gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it's probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is."在例行锻炼后，身体各个部位的质量百分比会立即发生15%的变化。所以，如果你在锻炼和健康饮食的同时体重增加，这可能不是你想的那种类型的体重增加。可知，本文分析了坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食后体重不降反增的原因。"为什么我锻炼后体重反而增加了？"能概括文章主要内容，适合作本文标题。故选D。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage (遗产) is passed down through the generations. Yet, we fight a never-ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. 14． .
Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in hours. 15． . AI will also make the restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and is vastly superior to previous methods.
Airborne technology (机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. 16．
LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60, 000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. Drones (无人机) are also being used to document and monitor huge areas and remove the need for all that costly manpower.
Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual Reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. 17． , VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them. We'll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
18． . Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertise of specialist organizations will become ever more important to the sustainable promoting and preserving of the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
A. It is being used to save and find it
B. Technology has shaped conflict in several ways
C. But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle
D. Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology
E. This will enable even better and more accurate copies to be created
F. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded
G. When it measures distances by hitting a target and analyzing the reflected light
【答案】14．C；15．E；16．A；17．F；18．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技对文化遗产保护的作用。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科技类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
14．根据空前" Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past."科技通常被认为是破坏过去的东西。可知，前面说到了科技被认为会破坏过去的东西，而下文内容主要讲科技对于文化遗产保护等方面的作用，所以此处与前文应该是转折关系， C. But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle "但它现在是文化遗产保护战斗中最重要的武器。"承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
15．根据空前"Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. "通过2D图像创建副本是非常费力和耗时的。人工智能技术被用于完成所有必需的采购工作，允许在几小时内交叉引用并存储大量图像。可知，这里强调了人工智能技术的省时高效，这是人工智能技术的省时高效带来的好处， E. This will enable even better and more accurate copies to be created "在高效的情况下，这将能够创建更准确和更好的副本。"承接上文，其中"this"指代空前一句话的内容，并引出空后"AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods."人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易，而且大大优于以往的方法。符合语境，故选E。
16．根据空前"Airborne technology is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage."在保护文化遗产的斗争中，越来越多地使用机载技术。 A. It is being used to save and find it "它被用来保存和发现更多。"承接上文，其中的"It"指代上文的"Airborne technology "。故选A。
17．根据空前"Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. "人类与最重要的遗址和建筑的交互正在造成巨大的危害。未来几年，虚拟现实技术将在保护我们的文化遗产方面发挥主导作用。 F. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded "随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录。"承接上文，并引出下文的"VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them."VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式。故选F。
18．根据空后"Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally.Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world."在研究、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力需要在国际上集中起来。利用专家组织的技术专长对可持续地促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产将变得越来越重要。可知，空后主要内容是围绕着国际在技术合作的共同努力保护越来越多的文化遗产所要做的努力， D. Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology "我们的文化遗产将通过技术来保护。"承接下文，符合语境，故选D。
三、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a huge rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 19． I wanted to climb it. That has been my life's passion ever since — 20． the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I've long made Yosemite my 21． .
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 22． , like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It's 23． me why visitors started respecting the place 24． and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried 25． trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so 26． it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew 27． about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a cleanup. On that day, more than 300 people showed up. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to 28． . I couldn't believe the 29． we made — the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and 30． 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people 31． about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining. We need to teach by 32． . You can't blame others 33． you start with yourself.
19．A． immediately B． finally C． gradually D． recently
20．A． imagining B． painting C． describing D． climbing
21．A． garde B． home C． lab D． palace
22．A． material B． resource C． waste D． goods
23．A． beyond B． against C． over D． within
24．A． more B． most C． less D． least
25．A． throwing away B． picking up
C． breaking down D． digging out
26．A． satisfied with B． delighted in
C． tired of D． used to
27．A． something B． anything C． everything D． nothing
28．A． demand B． receive C． accomplish D． overcome
29．A． plan B． visit C． contact D． difference
30．A． crossed B． measured C． covered D． designed
31．A． talk B． complain C． argue D． quarrel
32．A． method B． explanation C． example D． research
33．A． although B． if C． when D． unless
【答案】19．A；20．D；21．B；22．C；23．A；24．C；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．C；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．C；33．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾。由此作者明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，代词，形容词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．句意：我碰了碰那块巨石，立刻就知道我要爬上去。A. immediately"立即"；B. finally"最后"；C. gradually"逐渐地"；D. recently"最近"。根据空后"I wanted to climb it"和下文"That has been my life's passion ever since"可知，作者触碰岩石，立刻就知道自己要爬上去。故选A。
20．句意：从那以后，攀登约塞米蒂国家公园的岩石和高山一直是我生活的激情所在。A. imagining"想象"；B. painting"绘画"；C. describing"描述"；D. climbing"攀爬"。根据上文"I wanted to climb it"指攀登岩石和高山。故选D。
21．句意：我一直把约塞米蒂国家公园作为我的家。A. garden"花园"；B. home"家"C. lab"实验室"；D. palace"宫殿"。根据下文"such a beautiful home-like place"作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当成家。故选B。
22．句意：大约15年前，我开始在附近看到很多垃圾，比如厕纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。A. material"材料"；B. resources"资源"；C. waste"废品，浪费"；D. goods"商品"。根据空后"like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes"可知，作者看到了很多垃圾。故选C。
23．句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. beyond"超越"；B. against"反对"；C. over"越过"；D. within"在.....里面"。根据空后"why visitors started respecting the place"指作者不明白游客为什么不尊重这里，beyond sb.固定定语"为某人所不能理解"。故选A。
24．句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. more"更多地"；B. most"最多地"；C. less"更少地"；D. least"最少地"。根据上文"like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes"可知，看到很多垃圾，可以推断出游客不那么尊重这里，故选C。
25．句意：我试着自己去捡垃圾，但工作太繁重了。A. throwing away"扔掉"；B. picking up"捡起"；C. breaking down"出故障"；D. digging out"挖掘"。根据空后"trash (垃圾) myself"指作者为了保护公园开始捡垃圾。且下文"In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash"也是提示。故选B。
26．句意：最后，我厌倦了它，我决定做些改变。A. satisfied with"满足于"；B. delighted in"感到快乐"；C. tired of"厌倦"；D. used to"习惯于"。根据上文"only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later."可知，作者花时间捡垃圾，但几周后却发现这个地方又变成了一片垃圾地，最后厌倦了这么做。故选C。
27．句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何大型活动一无所知。A. something"某事"；B. anything "任何事"；C. everything"一切"；D. nothing"没有什么"。根据空前"As a rock-climbing guide"可知，作者只是一名攀岩向导，所以对组织任何大型活动一无所知。故选D。
28．句意：我们能完成这么多，真是令人惊讶。A. demand"要求"；B. receive"收到"；C. accomplish"完成"；D. overcome"克服"。根据上文"Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash."在三天的时间里，我们收集了大约6000磅垃圾。可知，这里指完成清理工作，故选C。
29．句意：我不敢相信我们带来的影响——公园看起来很干净！A. plan"计划"；B. visit"参观"；C. contact"联系"；D. difference"差异"。根据空后"the park looked clean!"可知，作者他们的工作对公园产生了影响，make a difference 固定短语，"起作用、有影响"，故选D。
30．句意：仅在2007年，2945人就清理了42330磅垃圾，行走了132英里的道路。A. crossed"交叉"；B. measured"测量"；C. covered"行走（一段路程）"；D. designed"设计"。根据空后"132 miles of roadway"指行走了多少道路，应用cover。故选C。
31．句意：我经常听到人们抱怨他们的环境。A. talk"谈论"；B. complain"抱怨"；C. argue"争论"；D. quarrel"争吵"。呼应后文"rather than complaining"指人们抱怨他们的环境。故选B。
32．句意：我们需要以身作则。A. method"方法"；B. explanation"解释"；C. example"例子"；D. research"研究"。根据空后"you start with yourself"可知强调以身作则。by example固定短语，"以身作则"。故选C。
33．句意：你不能责怪别人，除非你从自己开始。A. although"虽然"；B. if"如果"；C. when"当……时候"；D. unless"除非"。引导条件状语从句，表示"除非"应用unless。故选D。
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分满分15分)
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。
On a weekend in early October, Hu Wenjue and a group of children gathered in a wetland park. Hu pointed at a wild bird and spoke in a low voice while the children were listening 34． (careful).
Hu is a pioneer in nature education in Hefei, Anhui Province. He 35． (found) an organization five years ago to offer several nature- based 36． (program) for children under 12years old. Through various outdoor activities, such as 37． (identify) plants and exploring forests, nature education aims 38． (teach) participants, mostly urban residents, how to appreciate, respect and live in harmony 39． nature.
"Respecting the laws of nature and coexisting with nature harmoniously, we couldchange our lifestyle for the better and it is a virtuous cycle (良性循环), " Hu said. He hopes to see more people protect nature 40． promote green development and ecological civilization in China.
In recent years, great development 41． (see) in nature education in China, 42． is nourished (滋养) by the country's rich natural resources such as nature reserves, forest parks, wetland parks and geological parks.
"Nature is generous to us if 43． (give) more effective protection, and don't forget that we all belong to nature," Hu said.
【答案】34．carefully；35．founded；36．programs；37．identifying；38．to teach；39．with；40．and；41．has been seen；42．which；43．given
【知识点】新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了Hu Wenjue倡导自然教育的事迹。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，时态，名词，非谓语动词，介词，连词，时态语态，定语从句，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
34．句意：胡指着一只野鸟，低声说话，孩子们仔细地听着。空格处用副词carefully修饰动词listening。故填carefully。
35．句意：他在五年前成立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个基于自然的项目。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语five years ago可知，应用一般过去时，故填founded。
36．句意：他在五年前成立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个基于自然的项目。空前有several，空格处用复数。故填programs。
37．句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在让参与者（主要是城市居民）了解如何欣赏，尊重并与成熟和谐相处。此处动名词作宾语。故填identifying。
38．句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在让参与者（主要是城市居民）了解如何欣赏，尊重并与成熟和谐相处。aim to do固定短语，"旨在做某事"，因此空格处用不定式。故填to reach。
39．句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在让参与者（主要是城市居民）了解如何欣赏，尊重并与成熟和谐相处。in harmony with固定短语，为"与……和谐相处"。故填with。
40．句意：他希望看到更多的人保护自然，促进中国的绿色发展和生态文明。protect nature和promote green development and ecological civilization之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列。故填and。
41．句意：近年来，中国的自然教育得到了很大的发展，这得益于中国丰富的自然资源，如自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和地质公园。此处是谓语动词，与主语 great development 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语 In recent years ，应用现在完成时，故填 has been seen 。
42．句意：近年来，中国的自然教育得到了很大的发展，这得益于中国丰富的自然资源，如自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和地质公园。 is nourished (滋养) by the country's rich natural resources such as nature reserves, forest parks, wetland parks and geological parks是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
43．句意："如果我们保护自然，自然对我们是慷慨的，不要忘记我们都属于自然，"胡说。此处是条件状语从句的省略，与主语 Nature 在逻辑上是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填protection。
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
44．（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 假如你是李津，请按如下提示给外国留学生Jeff写一封信，邀请他参加你们学校为留学生举办的晚会。内容如下：
1. 晚会时间：本周六晚上7：30到9点之间；
2. 晚会地点：音乐厅；
3. 晚会节目：自拟（至少3条）；
4. 晚会的意义：了解更多关于中国的风俗、文化；增进彼此的了解等等。
注意：1. 写作词数100词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
4. 参考词汇：the international students 留学生 an (the) evening party 晚会
the concert hall 音乐厅
Dear Jeff ,
I'm glad to tell you that
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jeff,
I'm glad to tell you that our school will throw an evening party for the international students this Saturday. We would be honored if you could come and join us.
As scheduled, the evening party will be held in the concert hall from 7:30 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. There will be Chinese comedies, magic acts, and some Chinese folk songs and dances. I'm sure you can get to know more about Chinese customs and culture there. Besides, these will be followed by a free conversation, which would be a good chance for you to meet people from around the world and have a better understanding each other in an enjoyable environment.
I really hope you can make it. Would you please let me know if you can accept my invitation at your earliest convenience
Yours sincerely,
Lin Jin
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份给外国留学生Jeff写一封信，邀请他参加你们学校为留学生举办的晚会。写做要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 晚会时间：本周六晚上7：30到9点之间；2. 晚会地点：音乐厅；3. 晚会节目：自拟（至少3条）；4. 晚会的意义：了解更多关于中国的风俗、文化；增进彼此的了解等等。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并结合提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
45．（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For my fifth-grade science fair project, I got six chicken eggs in an incubator(孵化器).
"But I don't know anything about hatching an egg. "
Mrs. Brubeck smiled. "You don't have to be an immediate expert at everything, Juli. The idea here is to learn something new. "
"But what if they die "
"Then they die. Document your work scientifically and you'll still get an A. " She pulled The Beginner's Guide to Raising Chickensfrom her bookshelf and said, "Read the book and set yourself up tonight. "
That night I came home, more worried than ever. I'd read the book. I had to turn the eggs three times a day and regulate the temperature and humidity(湿度). But aside from that, what was there to do
My father came with a cardboard tube and a flashlight. He taped the two together so that the light beam was forced straight out the tube. "I will show you how to candle the eggs," he said, then switched off the light and held an egg up to the cardboard tube. "The light lets you see through the shell so you can watch the embryo(胚胎) develop. Look, see the dark spot here "
"Is that an embryo "
"That's it!"
Suddenly it felt real. The eggs were alive! Surely they had to live!
For the next three weeks, I was completely consumed with the growing of chicks. I labeled the eggs A, B, C, D, E and F, but before long they had names, too: Abby, Bonnie, Clyde, Dexter, Eunice and Florence. Every day I weighed them, candled them, turned them. I drew diagrams of various stages of an embryo's development. I documented the daily changes and weight loss of each egg. On the outside the eggs were boring, but I knew what was happening inside!
注意：1. 写作词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then one morning I was candling Bonnie when I noticed a gentle peck(啄).
The day came when I was supposed to hand in my science fair project.
【答案】One possible version:
Then one morning I was candling Bonnie when I noticed a gentle peck (啄). Was it coming out I called my parents and the three of us crowded around, watching Bonnie pip. His little beak cracked through, and while I held my breath and waited, he rested. And rested. Finally its beak poked through again. After what seemed a long time, Bonnie broke out of the shell first. Then came the others. They were wet, weak and ugly at first sight, but soon they became fluffy. It was absolutely amazing.
The day came when I was supposed to hand in my science fair project. I packed up all my chickens, documents and charts and got a ride to school. These beautiful little things caught immediate attention. "You've got six alive! The record is three!" Mrs. Brubeck was quite impressed. The whole class stuck around for a whole morning, asking various questions. I shared with them the process as well as the joy of witnessing a new life coming into this world. What an experience! (150 words)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者的科学展览项目孵化鸡蛋实验。对于自己的"孵蛋"有点担心，阅读了老师给的关于孵蛋的书籍，跟着书里的方法做。爸爸帮忙制作的电子灯管可以让作者看到鸡蛋里的胚胎，这让作者感到很神奇。于是作者开始认真对待这些蛋，起名字，做记录。终于小鸡孵化出来了，作者很兴奋。当作者将这些成果一并带到学校里时，老师和同学们都很激动。这对于作者来说是一次很特别的经历。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"一天早上，我在给Bonnie做烛光检查时，注意到‘他'轻轻地啄了一下。可知，第一段可描写小鸡一只一只的孵化出来的过程，以及作者的感受。②由第二段首句"我应该交科学展览项目的那一天终于到来了。"可知，第二段可描写作者带着孵化成果到校后老师的反应，同学们的反应。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： I called my parents and the three of us crowded around, watching Bonnie pip. 运用了并列句，现在分词作状语；His little beak cracked through, and while I held my breath and waited, he rested.运用了并列句，时间状语从句； After what seemed a long time, Bonnie broke out of the shell first.运用了宾语从句； Then came the others.运用了倒装句； They were wet, weak and ugly at first sight, but soon they became fluffy.运用了并列句； What an experience! 运用了感叹句。
1 / 1河南省周口市川汇区恒大中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
1．（2019高三上·临沂期末）阅读理解
Considering that Sundarbans National Park is situated in thetropics, Septemberto March is the ideal time to come here. April, May and June are too hot while July andAugust often bring heavy season winds that limit travel and don't make for avery pleasant sightseeing experience. You can really enjoy doing lots ofcharming things in the Sundarbans during September to March.
Take a river tour
Most tourists who explore the Sundarbans arrive in KhulnaCity first. Fromthere, youcan join a boat tour that travels south along the Ganges River through miles ofpreserved forest all the way to Kotka, where there is a beautiful beach alongthe Bay of Bengal.
Visit a bird habitat
This bird habitat is a nesting place for dozens of tropicalbirds found in the Sundarbans. The best way to observe these birds isclimbing up the Sajnekhali Watchtower. If you're lucky, you'll also catch the famed BengalTiger making its rounds through the swampy jungle.
Visit the Mangrove(红树林)Interpretation Centre
If you wish to spend some time indoors out of the sweatyheat, goto the Mangrove Interpretation Centre. This place is very educational withmany posters, mapsand exhibits showing the wildlife and varieties of mangrove plants found withinthe park. You'llalso get to see crocodiles in a small pool.
Take a tour of local villages
Experience village life that has largely remained unchangedfor centuries. Inthis vast tropical region, there are villages made up of variousethnic groups who rely on fishing, farming and working in the localthrough growing tourist industry for their livelihoods. The Sundarbans is a UNESCO worldheritage site where you can visit villages and talk to locals,who will gladly sharetheir culture with you.
（1）Which month is suitable for a visit to Sundarbans National Park
A．December. B．August. C．June. D．May.
（2）What can visitors do in the Mangrove Interpretation Centre
A．See some plants and animals.
B．Put up posters about wildlife.
C．Feed crocodiles in a small river.
D．Observe birds by climbing up the trees.
（3）What is the author's main purpose in writing the text
A．To advertise some natural animal habitats.
B．To advocate the protection of forests in Khulna City.
C．To introduce several charming villages in the vast tropical region.
D．To show visitors something attractive to do in the Sundarbans.
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读理解
Ms Yuting Zhou is an early-career environmental advisor working on industrial wastewater pollution management, In her work, she's learning about an important type of environmental pollution, and finding ways to help companies manage water resources better.
When we asked Yuting how old she was when she got interested in environmental problems, we were surprised by her response. "I must have been about six years old. I used to watch an American TV series about an environmentalist Superhero named Captain Planet. "
There is one serious pollution event somewhere in the world. The concern about environmental issues deeply influenced Yuting. But how does one prepare to be a "Superwoman" For Yuting, it came down to a reflection on what she might be good at — in her case, the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects-and making considered choices in her education.
She began to study environmental engineering, and found a passion for the subject. "During my graduate studies. " I researched different kinds of health effects.
While she developed valuable skills that would help her in her career, she also learnt more about herself and her role in the world. "I learnt that science requires a scientific proof through repeated and sometimes long processes. Although I completed and published my research in a top academic journal, I realized that I'm not fit for laboratory work. I needed more interaction with people, and to solve real-life problems. "
Within three days of graduating, Yuting was on a plane heading to Kenya. She was excited about working for the United Nations because there were people from various industries and backgrounds gathering to improve the environment and create a more sustainable (可持续的) future — a lot like the setting of Caprain Planetwhich brought light to her in the first place.
2．What first exposed Yuting to environmental problems
A．An American TV series. B．A famous environmental expert.
C．A famous and popular hero. D．A serious pollution event.
3．What did Yuting consider when she faced the environmental issues
A．How she could make use of her talent.
B．What organization she should join.
C．How she could become a superwoman.
D．What she would focus on studying.
4．What did Yuting think really help her to deal with environmental problems
A．Publishing lots of papers about them.
B．Conducting many researches on them.
C．Carrying on many a related experiment.
D．Reaching out to as many people as possible.
5．What did Yuting benefit from working in the UN
A．She met with people from all walks of life.
B．She knew the key to success.
C．She changed her attitude to life.
D．She learned how to chat with others.
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读理解
Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, and then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. Hehad not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants (煤炭工厂) were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we're looking for.
"Thank you, but no thank you. " says Ralph King, a climate scientist. Hetold Grey Childs, author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, "but there are other things we need to deal with, like consumption (消费). They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter to bring the plastic to the glacier. "This experiment gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed (解决，处理) without changing human behavior. . It can't. Technology won't give us a free ride (搭便车).
Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won't be climate victims; we will be climate choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives, the engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. But what then "Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver (颤抖) down my back", Grey Childs writes, "Something sounds wrong about it. "
Me I like it better when the earth takes care of itself. I guess one day we will have to run theplace, but for the moment, sitting at my desk. looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling. I'm happy not to be in charge.
6．What does Ralph King think of Jason Box's experiment
A．It's a possible solution to climate change.
B．It's a misleading attempt to fix the climate.
C．It's a successful experiment on saving the glacier.
D．It arouses people's attention to the problem of global warming.
7．Which statement would Kelly Smith most probably agree with
A．The fight against climate change will not succeed.
B．Humans will succeed in controlling climate in the future.
C．Technology is not the final solution, let alone its high cost.
D．Jason's experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.
8．What is Grey Childs's attitude to human's controlling the climate
A．Supportive. B．Tolerant (容忍的).
C．Sceptical (怀疑的). D．Unclear.
9．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Should we fix the climate with technology
B．Is climate change a threatening problem
C．Why is the earth climate getting worse
D．What if all the glaciers disappeared
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读理解
Have you been exercising and eating clean, but when you step on the scale, it says you've gained a few pounds "That's normal, and it doesn't mean that your workouts are not effective,"says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida.
"A person's scale mass is a combination of muscle, fat, bone, blood, and even the air that we carry in our lungs," he says. "Immediately after a workout routine, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. " So if you're gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it's probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is.
The scale can't tell you how much of your body weight is muscle or fat, which means if your goal is to improve your fitness level, the scale is not the best tool for measuring improvements. When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease. These changes happen over weeks and months (not hours or days) so the scale is useless when tracking them.
You may argue that you weigh a few pounds less after a high intensity (强度) training class. Don't get too excited — it's just water loss due to sweat. Water makes up approximately 65 to 90 percent of a person's weight, and variation in water content of the human body can move the scale by ten pounds or more from day to day.
So ignore the scale and pay more attention to objective measurement tools like body Lhs composition. Keep in mind that if you're exercising but gaining weight, you may actually look slimmer.
10．What can we know from Dolgan's words
A．Your weight changes little during a day.
B．Your scale mass is affected by many factors.
C．Your workout is not effective if you gain weight.
D．Your weight is determined only by muscle and fat.
11．What will most probably happen after you exercise and eat healthy for 3 months
A．You will weigh less.
B．Your muscle mass will decrease.
C．Your body fat will increase.
D．Your body composition will change.
12．How much water may a man weighing 150 pounds have in his body
A．30 pounds. B．60 pounds. C．100 pounds. D．140 pounds.
13．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Why do we gain weight
B．How to work out effectively
C．What is the composition of our body
D．Why does my workout cause weight gain
二、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage (遗产) is passed down through the generations. Yet, we fight a never-ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. 14． .
Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in hours. 15． . AI will also make the restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and is vastly superior to previous methods.
Airborne technology (机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. 16．
LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal over 60, 000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatemala, without needing a single boot on the ground. Drones (无人机) are also being used to document and monitor huge areas and remove the need for all that costly manpower.
Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual Reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. 17． , VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them. We'll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
18． . Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertise of specialist organizations will become ever more important to the sustainable promoting and preserving of the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
A. It is being used to save and find it
B. Technology has shaped conflict in several ways
C. But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle
D. Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology
E. This will enable even better and more accurate copies to be created
F. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded
G. When it measures distances by hitting a target and analyzing the reflected light
三、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a huge rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 19． I wanted to climb it. That has been my life's passion ever since — 20． the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I've long made Yosemite my 21． .
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 22． , like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It's 23． me why visitors started respecting the place 24． and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried 25． trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so 26． it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock-climbing guide, I knew 27． about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a cleanup. On that day, more than 300 people showed up. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to 28． . I couldn't believe the 29． we made — the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and 30． 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people 31． about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than complaining. We need to teach by 32． . You can't blame others 33． you start with yourself.
19．A． immediately B． finally C． gradually D． recently
20．A． imagining B． painting C． describing D． climbing
21．A． garde B． home C． lab D． palace
22．A． material B． resource C． waste D． goods
23．A． beyond B． against C． over D． within
24．A． more B． most C． less D． least
25．A． throwing away B． picking up
C． breaking down D． digging out
26．A． satisfied with B． delighted in
C． tired of D． used to
27．A． something B． anything C． everything D． nothing
28．A． demand B． receive C． accomplish D． overcome
29．A． plan B． visit C． contact D． difference
30．A． crossed B． measured C． covered D． designed
31．A． talk B． complain C． argue D． quarrel
32．A． method B． explanation C． example D． research
33．A． although B． if C． when D． unless
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分满分15分)
（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。
On a weekend in early October, Hu Wenjue and a group of children gathered in a wetland park. Hu pointed at a wild bird and spoke in a low voice while the children were listening 34． (careful).
Hu is a pioneer in nature education in Hefei, Anhui Province. He 35． (found) an organization five years ago to offer several nature- based 36． (program) for children under 12years old. Through various outdoor activities, such as 37． (identify) plants and exploring forests, nature education aims 38． (teach) participants, mostly urban residents, how to appreciate, respect and live in harmony 39． nature.
"Respecting the laws of nature and coexisting with nature harmoniously, we couldchange our lifestyle for the better and it is a virtuous cycle (良性循环), " Hu said. He hopes to see more people protect nature 40． promote green development and ecological civilization in China.
In recent years, great development 41． (see) in nature education in China, 42． is nourished (滋养) by the country's rich natural resources such as nature reserves, forest parks, wetland parks and geological parks.
"Nature is generous to us if 43． (give) more effective protection, and don't forget that we all belong to nature," Hu said.
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
44．（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 假如你是李津，请按如下提示给外国留学生Jeff写一封信，邀请他参加你们学校为留学生举办的晚会。内容如下：
1. 晚会时间：本周六晚上7：30到9点之间；
2. 晚会地点：音乐厅；
3. 晚会节目：自拟（至少3条）；
4. 晚会的意义：了解更多关于中国的风俗、文化；增进彼此的了解等等。
注意：1. 写作词数100词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
4. 参考词汇：the international students 留学生 an (the) evening party 晚会
the concert hall 音乐厅
Dear Jeff ,
I'm glad to tell you that
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
45．（2023高二上·川汇开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For my fifth-grade science fair project, I got six chicken eggs in an incubator(孵化器).
"But I don't know anything about hatching an egg. "
Mrs. Brubeck smiled. "You don't have to be an immediate expert at everything, Juli. The idea here is to learn something new. "
"But what if they die "
"Then they die. Document your work scientifically and you'll still get an A. " She pulled The Beginner's Guide to Raising Chickensfrom her bookshelf and said, "Read the book and set yourself up tonight. "
That night I came home, more worried than ever. I'd read the book. I had to turn the eggs three times a day and regulate the temperature and humidity(湿度). But aside from that, what was there to do
My father came with a cardboard tube and a flashlight. He taped the two together so that the light beam was forced straight out the tube. "I will show you how to candle the eggs," he said, then switched off the light and held an egg up to the cardboard tube. "The light lets you see through the shell so you can watch the embryo(胚胎) develop. Look, see the dark spot here "
"Is that an embryo "
"That's it!"
Suddenly it felt real. The eggs were alive! Surely they had to live!
For the next three weeks, I was completely consumed with the growing of chicks. I labeled the eggs A, B, C, D, E and F, but before long they had names, too: Abby, Bonnie, Clyde, Dexter, Eunice and Florence. Every day I weighed them, candled them, turned them. I drew diagrams of various stages of an embryo's development. I documented the daily changes and weight loss of each egg. On the outside the eggs were boring, but I knew what was happening inside!
注意：1. 写作词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then one morning I was candling Bonnie when I noticed a gentle peck(啄).
The day came when I was supposed to hand in my science fair project.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观孙德尔本斯国家公园的理想时间以及公园内有趣的活动。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"September to March is the ideal time to come here. "可知，9月到3月是去孙德尔本斯国家公园的理想时间，12月更好在这个时间范围内，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"This place is very educational with many posters，maps and exhibits showing the wildlife and varieties of mangrove plants found within the park. You'll also get to see crocodiles in a small pool. "可知，红树林讲解中心有很多展示了公园内各种野生动植物的海报和展品，你还可以看到鳄鱼，由此可知，游客在这里可以看到一些动物和植物，故选A。
（3）考查作者意图。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了参观孙德尔本斯国家公园的理想时间以及公园内有趣的活动，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是向游客介绍一些在孙德尔本斯国家公园可以做的有吸引力的事情，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】2．A
3．D
4．D
5．A
【知识点】细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了周雨婷女士，一名早期从事工业废水污染管理的环境顾问，在她的工作中，她正在学习一种重要的环境污染类型，并寻找帮助企业更好地管理水资源的方法。包括她开始对环境问题感兴趣的起因以及为环境改善所作出的努力。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段"When we asked Yuting how old she was when she got interested in environmental problems, we were surprised by her response. ‘I must have been about six years old. I used to watch an American TV series about an environmentalist Superhero named Captain Planet.'"当我们问雨婷从几岁开始对环境问题感兴趣时，她的回答让我们很惊讶。"那时候我大概六岁。我以前看过一部美剧，讲的是一个叫星球队长的环保超级英雄。"可知，一部美国电视剧最先让雨婷接触到环境问题。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The concern about environmental issues deeply influenced Yuting. But how does one prepare to be a‘Superwoman' For Yuting, it came down to a reflection on what she might be good at — in her case, the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) subjects-and making considered choices in her education."对环境问题的关注深深影响了雨婷。但是一个人如何准备成为"女超人"呢？对于雨婷来说，这可以归结为对自己擅长的学科的反思——对她来说，是科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）学科——并在她的教育中做出深思熟虑的选择。可知，当雨婷面对环境问题时，她会集中精力考虑要学习什么。故选D。
4．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"I needed more interaction with people, and to solve real-life problems."我需要更多地与人互动，解决现实生活中的问题。可知，雨婷接触尽可能多的人能真正帮助她处理环境问题。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"She was excited about working for the United Nations because there were people from various industries and backgrounds gathering to improve the environment and create a more sustainable (可持续的) future — a lot like the setting of Caprain Planet which brought light to her in the first place."她对在联合国工作感到很兴奋，因为有来自不同行业和背景的人聚集在一起，改善环境，创造一个更可持续的未来——这很像《上尉星球》中的场景，最初给她带来了光明。可知，雨婷在联合国工作的好处是她会见了各行各业的人。故选A。
【答案】6．B
7．B
8．C
9．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过俄亥俄州一位科学家做的实验，说明气候变化不可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决的，同时几位科学家预测将来我们可以成功控制住气候。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的" This experiment gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed (解决，处理) without changing human behavior. . It can't. Technology won't give us a free ride (搭便车). "这个实验给了人们错误的希望：气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决。它不能。科技不会让我们搭便车。可知，Ralph King认为这个实验给了人们错误的希望，因此这是一种误导性的试图改变气候。故选B。
7．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won't be climate victims; we will be climate choosers."气候学家凯利·史密斯并不是唯一一个预测不久之后我们将不再是气候受害者的人；我们将成为气候选择者。可知，凯利·史密斯预测我们很快就不会成为气候受害者，我们将成为气候选择者，从而推知，他同意"未来人类将成功控制气候"的观点。故选B。
8．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的" Something sounds wrong about it. "听起来有点不对劲。可知Grey Childs对人类控制气候的态度是怀疑的，故选C。
9．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, and then left. "几年前，来自俄亥俄州的科学家Jason Box将31卷巨大的白色塑料飞到了格陵兰岛的一座冰川上。他和他的团队把它们铺在一万英尺的冰面上，然后离开。引出控制气候变化的极端例子，之后列举不同的科学家对于控制气候的观点‘以及最后一段"Me？I like it better when the earth takes care of itself, I guess one day we will have to run the place，but for the moment, sitting at my desk，looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling，I'm happy not to be in charge. "我吗？我更喜欢地球自己照顾自己的时候，我想有一天我们将不得不管理这个地方，但此刻，坐在我的办公桌前，看着树木疯狂地弯曲，风咆哮着，我很高兴自己不再是负责人。作者提出更喜欢地球自己照料自己，也即反对人类控制气候，因此本文主要讲的是人类是否应该控制气候，"但是我们应该解决气候问题吗？"适合做文章的标题，故选A。
【答案】10．B
11．D
12．C
13．D
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；说明文；医疗保健类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，解释了在坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食的同时，体重不降反增的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，数字计算和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
10．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"‘A person's scale mass is a combination of muscle，fat，bone，blood， and even the air that we carry in our lungs,' he says."他说："一个人的体表质量是肌肉、脂肪、骨头、血液，甚至是我们肺中携带的空气的组合。"可知，体重是肌肉、脂肪、骨骼、血液甚至肺里空气的质量总和。可推知，体重受多种因素影响。故选B。
11．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease."当你开始通过锻炼来改变你的身体组成——通过增加更多的肌肉量和减少体脂——你的体重可能会增加，而体脂率可能会降低。可推知，在坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食后，最有可能发生的是你的身体组成会发生变化。故选D。
12．考查数字计算。根据倒数第二段中的"Water makes up approximately 65 to 90 percent of a person's weight"水大约占一个人体重的65%到90%。可知，人体的含水量约占人体体重的65%到90%。可知，体重150磅的人体内含水量应在(150×65%=97.5)磅至(150×90%=135)磅之间。故选C。
13．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"Have you been exercising and eating healthy, but when you step on the scale, it says you've gained a few pounds ‘That's normal, and it doesn't mean that your workouts are not effective', says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida."你是否一直在锻炼，饮食也很健康，但当你站在秤上时，秤上显示你胖了几磅？"这很正常，这并不意味着你的锻炼没有效果，"佛罗里达州迈阿密海滩的运动生理学家Jeffrey A. Dolgan说；以及和第二段中的"Immediately after a workout routine, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. So if you're gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it's probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is."在例行锻炼后，身体各个部位的质量百分比会立即发生15%的变化。所以，如果你在锻炼和健康饮食的同时体重增加，这可能不是你想的那种类型的体重增加。可知，本文分析了坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食后体重不降反增的原因。"为什么我锻炼后体重反而增加了？"能概括文章主要内容，适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】14．C；15．E；16．A；17．F；18．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技对文化遗产保护的作用。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科技类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
14．根据空前" Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past."科技通常被认为是破坏过去的东西。可知，前面说到了科技被认为会破坏过去的东西，而下文内容主要讲科技对于文化遗产保护等方面的作用，所以此处与前文应该是转折关系， C. But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle "但它现在是文化遗产保护战斗中最重要的武器。"承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
15．根据空前"Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. "通过2D图像创建副本是非常费力和耗时的。人工智能技术被用于完成所有必需的采购工作，允许在几小时内交叉引用并存储大量图像。可知，这里强调了人工智能技术的省时高效，这是人工智能技术的省时高效带来的好处， E. This will enable even better and more accurate copies to be created "在高效的情况下，这将能够创建更准确和更好的副本。"承接上文，其中"this"指代空前一句话的内容，并引出空后"AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods."人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护变得更容易，而且大大优于以往的方法。符合语境，故选E。
16．根据空前"Airborne technology is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage."在保护文化遗产的斗争中，越来越多地使用机载技术。 A. It is being used to save and find it "它被用来保存和发现更多。"承接上文，其中的"It"指代上文的"Airborne technology "。故选A。
17．根据空前"Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. "人类与最重要的遗址和建筑的交互正在造成巨大的危害。未来几年，虚拟现实技术将在保护我们的文化遗产方面发挥主导作用。 F. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded "随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录。"承接上文，并引出下文的"VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them."VR技术将逐渐成为人们体验它们的方式。故选F。
18．根据空后"Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally.Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world."在研究、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力需要在国际上集中起来。利用专家组织的技术专长对可持续地促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产将变得越来越重要。可知，空后主要内容是围绕着国际在技术合作的共同努力保护越来越多的文化遗产所要做的努力， D. Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology "我们的文化遗产将通过技术来保护。"承接下文，符合语境，故选D。
【答案】19．A；20．D；21．B；22．C；23．A；24．C；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．C；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．C；33．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾。由此作者明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，代词，形容词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．句意：我碰了碰那块巨石，立刻就知道我要爬上去。A. immediately"立即"；B. finally"最后"；C. gradually"逐渐地"；D. recently"最近"。根据空后"I wanted to climb it"和下文"That has been my life's passion ever since"可知，作者触碰岩石，立刻就知道自己要爬上去。故选A。
20．句意：从那以后，攀登约塞米蒂国家公园的岩石和高山一直是我生活的激情所在。A. imagining"想象"；B. painting"绘画"；C. describing"描述"；D. climbing"攀爬"。根据上文"I wanted to climb it"指攀登岩石和高山。故选D。
21．句意：我一直把约塞米蒂国家公园作为我的家。A. garden"花园"；B. home"家"C. lab"实验室"；D. palace"宫殿"。根据下文"such a beautiful home-like place"作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当成家。故选B。
22．句意：大约15年前，我开始在附近看到很多垃圾，比如厕纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。A. material"材料"；B. resources"资源"；C. waste"废品，浪费"；D. goods"商品"。根据空后"like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes"可知，作者看到了很多垃圾。故选C。
23．句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. beyond"超越"；B. against"反对"；C. over"越过"；D. within"在.....里面"。根据空后"why visitors started respecting the place"指作者不明白游客为什么不尊重这里，beyond sb.固定定语"为某人所不能理解"。故选A。
24．句意：我不明白为什么游客开始不那么尊重这个地方，这样对待一个像家一样美丽的地方。A. more"更多地"；B. most"最多地"；C. less"更少地"；D. least"最少地"。根据上文"like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes"可知，看到很多垃圾，可以推断出游客不那么尊重这里，故选C。
25．句意：我试着自己去捡垃圾，但工作太繁重了。A. throwing away"扔掉"；B. picking up"捡起"；C. breaking down"出故障"；D. digging out"挖掘"。根据空后"trash (垃圾) myself"指作者为了保护公园开始捡垃圾。且下文"In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash"也是提示。故选B。
26．句意：最后，我厌倦了它，我决定做些改变。A. satisfied with"满足于"；B. delighted in"感到快乐"；C. tired of"厌倦"；D. used to"习惯于"。根据上文"only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later."可知，作者花时间捡垃圾，但几周后却发现这个地方又变成了一片垃圾地，最后厌倦了这么做。故选C。
27．句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何大型活动一无所知。A. something"某事"；B. anything "任何事"；C. everything"一切"；D. nothing"没有什么"。根据空前"As a rock-climbing guide"可知，作者只是一名攀岩向导，所以对组织任何大型活动一无所知。故选D。
28．句意：我们能完成这么多，真是令人惊讶。A. demand"要求"；B. receive"收到"；C. accomplish"完成"；D. overcome"克服"。根据上文"Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash."在三天的时间里，我们收集了大约6000磅垃圾。可知，这里指完成清理工作，故选C。
29．句意：我不敢相信我们带来的影响——公园看起来很干净！A. plan"计划"；B. visit"参观"；C. contact"联系"；D. difference"差异"。根据空后"the park looked clean!"可知，作者他们的工作对公园产生了影响，make a difference 固定短语，"起作用、有影响"，故选D。
30．句意：仅在2007年，2945人就清理了42330磅垃圾，行走了132英里的道路。A. crossed"交叉"；B. measured"测量"；C. covered"行走（一段路程）"；D. designed"设计"。根据空后"132 miles of roadway"指行走了多少道路，应用cover。故选C。
31．句意：我经常听到人们抱怨他们的环境。A. talk"谈论"；B. complain"抱怨"；C. argue"争论"；D. quarrel"争吵"。呼应后文"rather than complaining"指人们抱怨他们的环境。故选B。
32．句意：我们需要以身作则。A. method"方法"；B. explanation"解释"；C. example"例子"；D. research"研究"。根据空后"you start with yourself"可知强调以身作则。by example固定短语，"以身作则"。故选C。
33．句意：你不能责怪别人，除非你从自己开始。A. although"虽然"；B. if"如果"；C. when"当……时候"；D. unless"除非"。引导条件状语从句，表示"除非"应用unless。故选D。
【答案】34．carefully；35．founded；36．programs；37．identifying；38．to teach；39．with；40．and；41．has been seen；42．which；43．given
【知识点】新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了Hu Wenjue倡导自然教育的事迹。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，时态，名词，非谓语动词，介词，连词，时态语态，定语从句，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
34．句意：胡指着一只野鸟，低声说话，孩子们仔细地听着。空格处用副词carefully修饰动词listening。故填carefully。
35．句意：他在五年前成立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个基于自然的项目。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语five years ago可知，应用一般过去时，故填founded。
36．句意：他在五年前成立了一个组织，为12岁以下的儿童提供几个基于自然的项目。空前有several，空格处用复数。故填programs。
37．句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在让参与者（主要是城市居民）了解如何欣赏，尊重并与成熟和谐相处。此处动名词作宾语。故填identifying。
38．句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在让参与者（主要是城市居民）了解如何欣赏，尊重并与成熟和谐相处。aim to do固定短语，"旨在做某事"，因此空格处用不定式。故填to reach。
39．句意：通过各种户外活动，如识别植物和探索森林，自然教育旨在让参与者（主要是城市居民）了解如何欣赏，尊重并与成熟和谐相处。in harmony with固定短语，为"与……和谐相处"。故填with。
40．句意：他希望看到更多的人保护自然，促进中国的绿色发展和生态文明。protect nature和promote green development and ecological civilization之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列。故填and。
41．句意：近年来，中国的自然教育得到了很大的发展，这得益于中国丰富的自然资源，如自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和地质公园。此处是谓语动词，与主语 great development 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语 In recent years ，应用现在完成时，故填 has been seen 。
42．句意：近年来，中国的自然教育得到了很大的发展，这得益于中国丰富的自然资源，如自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园和地质公园。 is nourished (滋养) by the country's rich natural resources such as nature reserves, forest parks, wetland parks and geological parks是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
43．句意："如果我们保护自然，自然对我们是慷慨的，不要忘记我们都属于自然，"胡说。此处是条件状语从句的省略，与主语 Nature 在逻辑上是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填protection。
44．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jeff,
I'm glad to tell you that our school will throw an evening party for the international students this Saturday. We would be honored if you could come and join us.
As scheduled, the evening party will be held in the concert hall from 7:30 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. There will be Chinese comedies, magic acts, and some Chinese folk songs and dances. I'm sure you can get to know more about Chinese customs and culture there. Besides, these will be followed by a free conversation, which would be a good chance for you to meet people from around the world and have a better understanding each other in an enjoyable environment.
I really hope you can make it. Would you please let me know if you can accept my invitation at your earliest convenience
Yours sincerely,
Lin Jin
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份给外国留学生Jeff写一封信，邀请他参加你们学校为留学生举办的晚会。写做要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 晚会时间：本周六晚上7：30到9点之间；2. 晚会地点：音乐厅；3. 晚会节目：自拟（至少3条）；4. 晚会的意义：了解更多关于中国的风俗、文化；增进彼此的了解等等。考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并结合提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
45．【答案】One possible version:
Then one morning I was candling Bonnie when I noticed a gentle peck (啄). Was it coming out I called my parents and the three of us crowded around, watching Bonnie pip. His little beak cracked through, and while I held my breath and waited, he rested. And rested. Finally its beak poked through again. After what seemed a long time, Bonnie broke out of the shell first. Then came the others. They were wet, weak and ugly at first sight, but soon they became fluffy. It was absolutely amazing.
The day came when I was supposed to hand in my science fair project. I packed up all my chickens, documents and charts and got a ride to school. These beautiful little things caught immediate attention. "You've got six alive! The record is three!" Mrs. Brubeck was quite impressed. The whole class stuck around for a whole morning, asking various questions. I shared with them the process as well as the joy of witnessing a new life coming into this world. What an experience! (150 words)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者的科学展览项目孵化鸡蛋实验。对于自己的"孵蛋"有点担心，阅读了老师给的关于孵蛋的书籍，跟着书里的方法做。爸爸帮忙制作的电子灯管可以让作者看到鸡蛋里的胚胎，这让作者感到很神奇。于是作者开始认真对待这些蛋，起名字，做记录。终于小鸡孵化出来了，作者很兴奋。当作者将这些成果一并带到学校里时，老师和同学们都很激动。这对于作者来说是一次很特别的经历。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"一天早上，我在给Bonnie做烛光检查时，注意到‘他'轻轻地啄了一下。可知，第一段可描写小鸡一只一只的孵化出来的过程，以及作者的感受。②由第二段首句"我应该交科学展览项目的那一天终于到来了。"可知，第二段可描写作者带着孵化成果到校后老师的反应，同学们的反应。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： I called my parents and the three of us crowded around, watching Bonnie pip. 运用了并列句，现在分词作状语；His little beak cracked through, and while I held my breath and waited, he rested.运用了并列句，时间状语从句； After what seemed a long time, Bonnie broke out of the shell first.运用了宾语从句； Then came the others.运用了倒装句； They were wet, weak and ugly at first sight, but soon they became fluffy.运用了并列句； What an experience! 运用了感叹句。
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