新疆生产建设兵团第二师八一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

新疆生产建设兵团第二师八一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解(每题2.5共计37.5分)
阅读理解
Xi'an
It was called Chang'anin ancient times. As the cradle (发源地) of Chinese civilization, it has a really long history. The city passed through the Zhou Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and some other dynasties as the capital city. It enjoys the title of the "four major ancient civilization capitals" with ancient Athens, Cairo and Rome.
Luoyang
It was the capital city of 13 dynasties, and it was listed as the world's largest city six times in history. Luoyang once was the starting point of the Silk Road in eastern countries. It connected Europe and North Africa with Asia.
Kaifeng
As early as the Neolithic Age (新石器时代), our ancestors lived here. Its history can be traced back to the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty and the Zhou Dynasty. It was the capital city of the Later JinDynasty, the Later Han Dynasty, the Later Zhou Dynasty as well as the Northern Song Dynasty. It achieved great prosperity (繁荣) in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Yangzhou
As one of the 24 famous historical and cultural cities listed by the State Council, Yangzhou has a history of about 2,500 years. It reached great prosperity in the Han, Sui, Tang, and Qing Dynasties. It used to be an important business center and a center of transportation.
Chengdu
It is an ancient cultural city, with two miracles in Chinese history. One is that its name has been the same for 2,000 years; the other is that it has always been the capital city of Sichuan region. It's a capital with a glorious history.
1．What is this passage mainly about
A．Five of the largest cities with a long history in China.
B．Five famous modern cities with a long history in China.
C．Five of the most beautiful cities with a long history in China.
D．Five famous ancient cultural cities with a long history in China.
2．Which of the following cities is linked to ancient Athens, Cairo and Rome
A．Xi'an. B．Kaifeng. C．Luoyang. D．Yangzhou.
3．In the Han, Sui, Tang, and Qing Dynasties, Yangzhou was most probably famous for its ____.
A．history B．culture C．economy D．beauty
4．This passage is probably taken from a website on ____.
A．business B．schooling C．parenting D．traveling
阅读理解
When I was a kid, my mom set aside some breakfast food for supper every now and then. I remember one night after a long, hard day at work, my mom placed a plate of eggs, sausage, and a plate of extremely burnt biscuits on the table. I waited to see if my dad would get annoyed.
All my dad did was to reach for the biscuits, smile at my mom and ask me how my day at school had been. I don't remember what I told him that night but I do remember watching him add butter and jelly on that ugly burnt biscuit and ate every bite of that thing. He never made a face nor uttered a word about it!
When I rose from the table that evening, I remember hearing my mom apologize to my dad for overcooking the biscuits and I will never forget what he said, "Honey, I love burnt biscuits every now and then. "
Later that night I went to say goodnight to my daddy, and I wondered if he really liked his biscuits burnt. He wrapped me up in his arms and said gently, "Your mom put in a hard day at work today and she is really tired. Besides, a little burnt biscuit never hurt anyone!
As I have grown older, I've thought about that many times. Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Learning to accept each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's differences contribute to a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship. We could extend this philosophy to any relationship, such as a husband-wife, parent-child, or friendship. Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocket. Keep it in your own. So, please pass me a biscuit, and yes, the burnt one will do just fine.
5．How did the author's dad react to the burnt biscuit
A．He set it aside for breakfast.
B．He ate butter and jelly instead.
C．He uttered his complaints loudly.
D．He ate it up as if nothing happened.
6．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A．Show understanding to imperfect things.
B．Ask the children to respect their parents.
C．Enjoy the over-cooked biscuits willingly.
D．Make important decisions on your own.
7．In which section of a magazine may this passage appear
A．History and culture. B．Family and relationship.
C．Cuisine and health. D．Entertainment and sports.
阅读理解
Learning doesn't have to end when people age. In fact, today's seniors want to remain socially engaged, intellectually stimulated (激发), and an active part of their communities according to a university in Lebanon. That's why the university opened The University for Seniors that gives older adults — 50 and up — an opportunity for lifelong learning.
Founded in 2010, the school has about 500 new students every year, even during the height of the pandemic when classes were virtual. The university includes two three-month semesters and students can take any class they want regardless of their educational level. There are no exams or graduation certificates. This school is all about lifelong learning. The available classes include political science, public health, agriculture, sciences, women's affairs, as well as creative classes in drawing, painting and music. Language classes include English, French and Spanish. The classes are taught by volunteers.
One student, Mariam Koubaissy, 85, took drawing classes because it was her childhood dream to learn to draw, but life got in the way. Her dream does not die, though. She said, "Now half a century later, my dream came true and I was proud to have walked through those gates. "
The university provides more than just education. Former banker Youssef Bakri, 84, has been a student for over 10 years. He said, "Studying is food for the brain, and among the various lectures, there are psychology lessons that support us very much at our age. "
Studies show that seniors can reapmany benefits by continuing to learn new things. Lifelong learning keeps the brain stimulated, challenged and fully engaged. This helps seniors remain mentally alert while they age. With the percentage of over 65s in Lebanon's population growing, The University for Seniors is filling a very important role in the lives of its students.
8．What can we know about learning in The University for Seniors
A．It takes twelve months. B．Certificates are available.
C．Classes are various. D．Educated students are admitted.
9．What can be inferred about the university from students' opinions
A．It's popular. B．It's challenging.
C．It's limiting. D．It's famous.
10．What does the underlined word "reap" in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Seek. B．Gain. C．Track. D．Explore.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．The University Gives Seniors a Chance to Keep Learning
B．The Program of Learning ls Accessible to All Seniors
C．Lifelong Learning Keeps the Brain in Good Function
D．Seniors Are Eager to Return to the University
阅读理解
Widespread descriptions of animals in pop culture could actually be hurting the animals' survival chances in the wild, a new research suggests.
Franck Courchampof the University of Paris-Sud was interested in the idea of "appeal" (吸引力) in animals. He wanted to know: What species do people consider appealing And what are the influences of being appealing on populations of animals in the wild
In a research published this month, Courchampand other researchers list the top 20 appealing species. They deemedlarge mammals living on land are ing in first place are tigers, followed by lions, elephants, giraffes, panthers, pandas, cheetahs, polar bears, wolves, and gorillas. However, at least half of the interviewees didn't realize that five of the top ten most appealing species are threatened. It is strange that we do not protect the species we care about the most.
The study also finds that we are flooded with images of these creatures, even as they are becoming fewer in the wild. The study suggests that too much imagination might be creating a "virtual population" of the animals in people's minds, making them believe there are far more individuals in the wild than is exact.
The study authors suggest that companies who benefit from the use of these images should set as idea small percentage of their profits for protection efforts and informational campaigns. "That would be not only something fair, but something that could bring a win-win situation for them," Courchampsays. It could bring them positive public relation, for example. Besides, if a company's mascot (吉祥物) goes extinct, that could hurt them from a marketing point, Courchampsays. But not enough companies are "truly concerned about the protection of the species that they work on," he adds.
12．The widespread descriptions of animals may ____ according to Paragraph 1.
A．make people aware of the necessity of wild protection
B．lead people to protect animals
C．be beneficial for both animals and humans
D．reduce the animals' survival chances
13．What does the underlined word "deemed" mean in Paragraph 3
A．Rescued. B．Established. C．Thought. D．Disappeared.
14．What can we know about panthers and cheetahs from the passage
A．They are among the best liked.
B．They have a large population in the wild.
C．They have died out.
D．They are well protected.
15．How does Courchamplist the companies' responsibilities and their advantages
A．By doing experiments. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking a question. D．By listing data.
二、七选五（12.5分）
七选五
Ways to Improve Your Health
Sometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health. 　16． 　
● Eat breakfast every morning.
Research shows that eating a meal in the morning results in less body fat and less chance of overeating. Eating breakfast can help people feel better both physically and mentally through the day.
● Get enough sleep.
Poor sleep can influence our memory and learning. 　17． 　Studies show that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents. So stay safe and get enough sleep!
● 　18． 　
Walking is an easy way to add exercise to our lives. Instead of meeting friends for a meal, meet them for a walk. As you walk, you will see the beautiful world around you. Once you try, you will find that adding a walk into your daily life is very easy.
● Make social connections (联系).
　19． 　They might include sport teams, art or music groups. The people in the group can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times. Also, being in a group keeps your mind busy. An active mind is a healthy mind!
● Have a hobby.
A hobby could be running, reading or making something with your hands. Hobbies help people to relax and rest. 　20． 　. Everyone could get a little more joy in their lives!
A. Get much exercise.
B. Take a walk every day.
C. They also bring pleasure to people.
D. Social groups can provide support.
E. It can also cause traffic accidents!
F. The following health habits may help you.
G. It is very important for them to have a good day.
三、完形填空（每题1分，共计15分）
完形填空
My aunt came to my home with her six-year-old daughter Alice this morning. While my aunt was talking with my mom, my cousin felt a bit 21． . So I suggested I went out with her. My aunt happily 22． . We went to the park together. There we bought two 23． and started flying them. She jumped up and down and I knew she was 24． having great fun. And I must admit I haven't enjoyed myself like that for a long time.
Later, we sat down on a bench, looking at the gardens. As we were 25． there, Alice said, "What a great day today!" I smiled at her and agreed. I then started thinking about what we had done that day. We did something quite 26． , yet we were very happy.
Many people wait for their "best days". But I think today is our 27． day. That's a lesson I learn today. As adults, we often make plans 28． in order to have a great day. Some people think they can have a nice day through spending a lot of 29． . I think we should be more like 30． . They don't think about money or what will happen tomorrow. They 31． live in the moment and enjoy the moment!
We often hear the expression that we should live in the 32． . How do we do that We're not doing such a 33． job. Remember today is important as we are exchanging a day of our 34． for it. Yesterday is a history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a 35． . That's why it is called present. So seize the day!
21．A． tired B． bored C． hungry D． sleepy
22．A． explained B． followed C． called D． agreed
23．A． bird B． present C． kite D． planes
24．A． willingly B． truly C． faithfully D． hopefully
25．A． eating B． jumping C． sitting D． walking
26．A． brave B． strange C． common D． interesting
27．A． memorable B． special C． important D． perfect
28．A． quickly B． carefully C． worriedly D． sadly
29．A． money B． energy C． time D． experience
30．A． parent B． teacher C． relative D． children
31．A． entirely B． really C． frequently D． finally
32．A． morning B． present C． past D． future
33．A． good B． professional C． new D． difficult
34．A． mood B． home C． family D． life
35．A． reason B． book C． gift D． tool
四、语法填空(每小题1.5分，共计15分)
语法填空
Most people dream of living in a big expensive house. But Tim Shea just wanted to find a place 　36． 　 could become his home. This 70-year-old homeless man had spent several years living on the streets until he became the first resident of a village filled 　37． 　 3D- printed little houses.
Shea was chosen to be the first person 　38． 　(move) into Community First Village , a 51- acre site in Austin, Texas. The small houses in the village , like Shea's 400-square-foot home, were built by the Austin-based start-up company ICON.
Life wasn't easy for Shea before 　39． 　 (live) in Community First Village. He lived in an RV(野营车) for most of his life. This made 　40． 　(he) stay away from people. " I think from my 　41． 　(person) experience of my former lifestyle, I developed a shell," Shea said. " I didn't feel secure(安心的)and any time I had the opportunity，I would hide. "
Luckily,　42． 　(thing) changed when Shea got his new house. Since then, he has been meeting new people and making friends. "Now everything I do 　43． 　(be) just the opposite. I have many activities to do every day with others," Shea said.
The houses 　44． 　(design) by ICON have six different layouts (布局). Shea chose a home with an open floor. This way, 　45． 　 will be easier for him to use his wheelchair.
五、书面表达 （共计40分）
46． 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Adam lived with his parents in one city while his grandparents lived far away in another city. Adam's parents usually took their son to his grandparents' house during summer holiday every year and stayed there for around 20 days. Adam's grandfather loved him very much and spent a lot of time playing with him. His grandmother always cooked delicious food for him. Adam loved his stay there. This continued for years. The boy grew up over time.
One day Adam said to his parents, "Now, I am old enough to go to grandparents' house alone. So, please let me go by myself. "
His parents didn't agree at first but Adam insisted(坚持). They finally agreed. But they were worried about his safety. So, they taught him everything he needed to know to travel alone.
The day came when Adam was to leave for his grandparents' house. And his parents came to see him off at the train station. When the boy was comfortably seated on the train, his parents got off and waited for the train to leave.
While waiting, the father went to the window and kept talking to his son. He handed his son an envelope(信封) from the window and said, "Son, if you feel afraid on the way, open this and read it. It will help you to calm down. "
The boy kept that envelope in his pocket carefully and said goodbye to his parents. When the train was ready to leave, the boy smiled and told his father, "I remember everything. Don't worry. "
At every station where the train stopped, people kept coming and going. The boy started feeling a little lonely.
47． 假定你是李华，你校计划下周举办校运会，请你写一封邮件给外教Chris，邀请他参加教师比赛，内容要点如下：\
1. 时间地点；
2. 项目及意义。
注意：
1. 词数100字左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．A
3．C
4．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中国五座拥有古老历史的文化名城。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查主旨大意。通读全文，本文介绍了中国五座拥有古老历史的文化名城。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Xi'an 部分中的"It enjoys the title of the ‘four major ancient civilization capitals' with ancient Athens, Cairo and Rome."它与古雅典、开罗、罗马并称为"四大文明古都"。可知，西安与古雅典、开罗、罗马并称为"四大文明古都"。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据 Yangzhou 部分中的"It reached great prosperity in the Han, Sui, Tang, and Qing Dynasties. It used to be an important business center and a center of transportation."它在汉、隋、唐、清时期达到了极大的繁荣。它曾经是一个重要的商业中心和交通中心。可推断在那几个朝代，扬州以其经济繁荣而闻名。故选C。
4．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了中国五座拥有古老历史的文化名城，应该在与旅游有关的网站上能读到这篇文章。故选D。
【答案】5．D
6．A
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，爸爸吃了辛苦工作一天的妈妈烤糊的饼干并告诫作者要体谅妈妈。作者最终懂得要坦然接受一些不完美的人和物。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I don't remember what I told him that night but I do remember watching him add butter and jelly on that ugly burnt biscuit and ate every bite of that thing. He never made a face nor uttered a word about it!"我不记得那天晚上我对他说了什么，但我记得我看着他在那块丑陋的烧焦的饼干上加黄油和果冻，然后每一口都吃了。他从来没有做过鬼脸，也没有说过一个字！可知，爸爸像没发生什么似的吃掉了饼干。故选D。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Learning to accept each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's differences contribute to a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship."生活中充满了不完美的事和不完美的人。学会接受彼此的缺点，选择赞美彼此的不同，有助于健康、成长和持久的关系。可知，作者建议我们理解不完美的事情。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"We could extend this philosophy to any relationship, such as a husband-wife, parent-child, or friendship. "我们可以将这一理念扩展到任何关系中，比如夫妻关系、亲子关系或友谊关系。可知，本文讲述作者爸爸对妈妈的理解使得他们关系亲密，且让作者懂得了要接受他人的不完美是维持一段关系的哲理。故可能出自某杂志的"家庭关系"版块。故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．B
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了黎巴嫩的一所大学开设了老年大学，为50岁及以上的老年人提供终身学习的机会。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"students can take any class they want regardless of their educational level."学生可以选修任何他们想要的课程，而不管他们的教育水平如何；以及"The available classes include political science, public health, agriculture, sciences, women's affairs, as well as creative classes in drawing, painting and music. Language classes include English, French and Spanish. The classes are taught by volunteers."现有课程包括政治学、公共卫生、农业、科学、妇女事务，以及绘画、绘画和音乐方面的创意课程。语言课程包括英语、法语和西班牙语。这些课程由志愿者授课。可知，在这所大学，有各种各样的课程为老年人们提供。故选C。
9．考查推理判断。根据第三段"One student, Mariam Koubaissy, 85, took drawing classes because it was her childhood dream to learn to draw, but life got in the way. Her dream does not die, though. She said, ‘Now half a century later, my dream came true and I was proud to have walked through those gates.'"85岁的学生Mariam Koubaissy参加了绘画课程，因为学习绘画是她儿时的梦想，但生活阻碍了她。然而，她的梦想并没有破灭。她说："半个世纪后的今天，我的梦想实现了，我很自豪能穿过这些大门。"；以及第四段"The university provides more than just education. Former banker Youssef Bakri, 84, has been a student for over 10 years. He said, ‘Studying is food for the brain, and among the various lectures, there are psychology lessons that support us very much at our age.'"这所大学提供的不仅仅是教育。84岁的前银行家Youssef Bakri已经当了10多年的学生。他说："学习是大脑的食物，在各种讲座中，有一些心理学课程对我们这个年纪的人非常有帮助。"可推知，这所大学很受老年人们欢迎。故选A。
10．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段知道"Studies show that seniors can reap many benefits by continuing to learn new things. Lifelong learning keeps the brain stimulated, challenged and fully engaged. This helps seniors remain mentally alert while they age."研究表明，老年人可以通过继续学习新事物reap许多好处。终身学习使大脑保持兴奋、挑战和充分参与。这有助于老年人在衰老时保持精神警觉。可知，这里表明，老年人通过上老年大学获得了很多的好处。可推知划线词reap的意思应该是"获得"之意，故选B。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Learning doesn't have to end when people age. In fact, today's seniors want to remain socially engaged, intellectually stimulated (激发), and an active part of their communities according to a university in Lebanon. That's why the university opened The University for Seniors that gives older adults — 50 and up — an opportunity for lifelong learning."学习不一定要随着年龄的增长而结束。事实上，黎巴嫩一所大学表示，如今的老年人希望保持社交参与、智力刺激，并积极参与社区。这就是为什么该大学开设了老年大学，为50岁及以上的老年人提供终身学习的机会。可知，这篇文章主要介绍黎巴嫩的一所大学开设了老年大学，为50岁及以上的老年人提供终身学习的机会。故选A。
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．A
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究者列出了20种最吸引人的物种，他们认为生活在陆地上的大型哺乳动物很有吸引力，并说明了使用动物图像受益的公司的责任和优势。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Widespread descriptions of animals in pop culture could actually be hurting the animals' survival chances in the wild, a new research suggests."一项新的研究表明，流行文化中对动物的广泛描述实际上可能会损害动物在野外的生存机会。可知，对动物的广泛描述实际上可能会损害动物在野外的生存机会。故选D。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"In a research published this month, Courchamp and other researchers list the top 20 appealing species. They deemed large mammals living on land are appealing. "在本月发表的一项研究中，Courchamp和其他研究人员列出了20种最吸引人的物种。他们 生活在陆地上的大型哺乳动物很有吸引力。可知，划线词后" large mammals living on land are appealing "是宾语从句，结合前句句意可知，他们是在说明他们的研究发现，可推知划线词 deemed 为动词"认为"来说明他们的发现以及观点。故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"They deemed large mammals living on land are ing in first place are tigers, followed by lions, elephants, giraffes, panthers, pandas, cheetahs, polar bears, wolves, and gorillas. "他们认为生活在陆地上的大型哺乳动物很有吸引力。排在第一位的是老虎，其次是狮子、大象、长颈鹿、美洲豹、熊猫、猎豹、北极熊、狼和大猩猩。可知，美洲豹和猎豹也在最有吸引力的动物行列里面。故选A。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘That would be not only something fair, but something that could bring a win-win situation for them,'Courchamp says. It could bring them positive public relation, for example."Courchamp说："这不仅公平，而且可以为他们带来双赢的局面。"例如，它可以给他们带来积极的公共关系。可知，Courchamp通过举例的方式列出这些公司的责任和优势。故选B。
【答案】16．F；17．E；18．B；19．D；20．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些有助于改善健康的好习惯。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据下面小标题"Eat breakfast every morning"每天早上吃早餐；以及"Get enough sleep"获得足够的睡眠。可知，此处是讲介绍一些健康的习惯， F. The following health habits may help you. "以下的健康习惯可能会对你有所帮助。"符合语境，故选F。
17．根据空后"Studies show that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents."研究表明，睡眠不足的人似乎更容易发生事故。可知，此处是指睡眠不足也可能会导致事故， E. It can also cause traffic accidents! "它还会导致交通事故！"符合语境，故选E。
18．根据空后"Walking is an easy way to add exercise to our lives."散步是我们生活中增加锻炼的一种简单方法。可知，此处是指要每天散步， B. Take a walk every day. "每天散步。"符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空后"They might include sport teams, art or music groups."他们可能包括运动队、艺术或音乐团体。可知，此处是指社会团体会有帮助， D. Social groups can provide support. "社会团体可以提供支持。"符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空后"Everyone could get a little more joy in their lives!"每个人的生活都可以多一点快乐！可知，此处是指爱好也会给人带来快乐， C. They also bring pleasure to people. "它们也给人们带来快乐。"符合语境，故选C。
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述作者带领表妹去公园，玩得很开心，谈论了活在当下，享受当下的生活态度。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：当我姨妈和我妈妈说话的时候，我表妹感到有点无聊。A. tired"累的"；B. bored"烦的，无聊的"；C. hungry"饥饿的"；D. sleepy"困倦的"。根据空前"While my aunt was talking with my mom"可知，大人们在聊天，孩子感到无聊。故选B。
22．句意：姨妈高兴地同意了。A. explained"解释"；B. followed"跟随"；C. called"呼叫"；D. agreed"同意"。根据上文"I suggested I went out with her"；以及下文"We went to the park together."可知，姨妈同意了。故选D。
23．句意：在那里，我们买了两只风筝，开始放风筝。A. birds"鸟"；B. presents"礼物"；C. kites"风筝"；D. planes"飞机"。根据语境和空后"flying them"可知，他们在公园里放风筝。故选C。
24．句意：她跳上跳下，我知道她真的很开心。A. willingly"乐意地"；B. truly"真正地"；C. faithfully"忠实地"；D. hopefully"有希望地"。根据空前"She jumped up and down"可知，她真的很开心。故选B。
25．句意：当我们坐在那里时，Alice说："今天是多么美好的一天！" A. eating"吃"；B. jumping"跳"；C. sitting"坐"；D. walking"步行"。根据上文"we sat down on a bench"可知，他们坐在那里。故选C。
26．句意：我们做了一些很平常的事，但我们都很开心。A. brave"勇敢的"；B. strange"陌生的"；C. common"普通的，平常的"；D. interesting"有趣的"。根据上文可知，作者带着表妹去公园，放风筝，坐在长凳上看花，；以及空后"yet we were very happy"的转折可知，作者认为这些事情很平常。故选C。
27．句意：但我觉得今天是我们完美的一天。A. memorable"值得纪念的"；B. special"特殊的"；C. important"重要的"；D. perfect"完美的"。根据上文"What a great day today!"、"we were very happy"以及"best days"可知，作者认为这一天是完美的一天。故选D。
28．句意：作为成年人，我们经常为了度过美好的一天而精心制定计划。A. quickly"迅速地"；B. carefully"小心地，认真地"；C. worriedly"担忧地"；D. sadly"伤心地"。根据空后"in order to have a great day"可知，为了度过美好的一天需要认真地计划。故选B。
29．句意：有些人认为他们通过花很多钱可以度过美好的一天。A. money"钱"；B. energy"能量，精力"；C. time"时间"；D. experience"经验"。根据语境和下文"They don't think about money"可知，有些人认为只有花钱才能过好日子。故选A。
30．句意：我觉得我们应该更像孩子。A. parents"父母"；B. teachers"老师"；C. relatives"亲戚"；D. children"孩子"。根据下文"They don't think about money or what will happen tomorrow."并对应前文"As adults"可知，作者认为我们应该不失孩子的童真。故选D。
31．句意：他们真正活在当下，享受当下！A. entirely"完整地"；B. really"真实地"；C. frequently "经常"；D. finally"最后"。根据上文"They don't think about money or what will happen tomorrow."可知，作者认为孩子们的思想单纯，真正活在当下，享受当下。故选B。
32．句意：我们经常听到这样的话：我们应该活在当下。A. morning"早晨，上午"；B. present"目前，现在"；C. past"过去"；D. future"未来"。根据上文"They 11 live in the moment and enjoy the moment!"可知，我们应该活在当下。故选B。
33．句意：我们做得不是很好。A. good"好的"；B. professional"专业的"；C. new"新的"；D. difficult"困难的"。根据上文"That's a lesson I learn today. As adults, we often make plans 8 in order to have a great day."可知，作者认为我们成年人做的并不好。故选A。
34．句意：记住今天是很重要的，因为我们用生命中的一天来交换它。A. mood"情绪"；B. home "家"；C. family"家庭"；D. life"生活，生命"。根据空前"Remember today is important"及"a day of"可知，此处指生命中的一天。故选D。
35．句意：今天是一份礼物。A. reason"理由"；B. book"书"；C. gift"礼物"；D. tool"工具"。根据上文"Remember today is important"及下文"That's why it is called present. So seize the day!"可知，"今天"很重要，它是上天赐予我们的礼物。故选C。
【答案】36．that/which；37．with；38．to move；39．living；40．him；41．personal；42．things；43．is；44．designed；45．it
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Tim Shea入住3D打印房子村庄后的生活上的变化。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，介词，非谓语动词，代词，形容词，名词，时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：但Tim Shea只是想找到一个可以成为他家的地方。 是限制性定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导，故填that/which。
37．句意：这位70岁的无家可归者在街头生活了几年，直到他成为一个充满3D打印小房子的村庄的第一位居民。be filled with固定短语，"充满"。故填with。
38．句意：Shea被选为第一个搬家社区第一村的人，这是德克萨斯州奥斯汀的一个51英亩的地方。此处与逻辑主语person之间的逻辑关系为主动，且逻辑主语前有the first修饰，设空处应用不定式to do作定语。故填to move。
39．句意：在住在社区第一村之前，Shea的生活并不容易。根据空前介词before可知，设空处应用动名词形式。故填living。
40．句意：这使得他远离人们。根据空前动词made可知，设空处应用代词的宾格形式作宾语。he为人称代词主格，其宾格为him。故填him。
41．句意："我认为从我以前的生活方式的个人经历中，我开发了一个外壳"，Shea说。此处形容词修饰名词experience，作定语，故填personal。
42．句意：幸运的是，当Shea得到他的新房子时，事情发生了变化。此处名词作主语。结合句意，此处表达的应是多种事情，应使用名词的复数形式。故填things。
43．句意：现在我所做的一切是恰恰相反的。此处是谓语动词。根据句中时间状语now，时态为一般现在时，因主语是不定代词everything，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
44．句意：ICON设计的这个房屋有六种不同的布局。此空与主语The houses在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填designed。
45．句意：这样，他将更容易使用轮椅。分析句子，句中真正主语为不定式to use his wheelchair，设空处应用代词it作形式主语。故填it。
46．【答案】One possible version:
Adam's family and his grandparents live in two cities far away. (要点1) But every summer vacation, his parents take Adam to his grandparents' home. (要点2)One day, Adam said that he had grown up and wanted to go to his grandparents' home alone. (要点3)The parents were worried, but they were persuaded. (要点4)Before getting on the bus, my parents told Adam a lot and gave him a letter telling him to open the envelope if he was afraid. (要点5)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；概要写作
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇概要写作。写作步骤：
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章讲述了主人公亚当每年暑假都由父母带着去祖父母家，后来长大后，一天要求父母让他独自去祖父母家的故事。
2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：One day, Adam said that he had grown up and wanted to go to his grandparents' home alone. 运用了宾语从句；The parents were worried, but they were persuaded.运用了转折并列句；Before getting on the bus, my parents told Adam a lot and gave him a letter telling him to open the envelope if he was afraid. 运用了动名词作介词宾语，现在分词作定语，条件状语从句。
47．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Chris,
I'm Li Hua. Our school plans to hold a sports meeting next week. I'm writing to invite you to participate in the teachers' competition.
The sports meeting will be held next Sunday in our school stadium. There are several sports events for teachers, including running, throwing and jumping, and so on. We hope that you can participate in it.
This activity not only helps to enhance our physical fitness, but also provides a good opportunity to promote friendship among teachers. We sincerely hope that you can participate and enjoy it.
Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】其他作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份， 写一封邮件给外教Chris，邀请他参加教师比赛。写作背景：你校计划下周举办校运会 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1. 时间地点；2. 项目及意义。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our school plans to hold a sports meeting next week.运用了不定式作宾语；I'm writing to invite you to participate in the teachers' competition.运用了不定式作目的状语，不定式作宾补；The sports meeting will be held next Sunday in our school stadium. 运用了被动语态； There are several sports events for teachers, including running, throwing and jumping, and so on. 运用了there be句式；We hope that you can participate in it.运用了宾语从句；We sincerely hope that you can participate and enjoy it.运用了宾语从句。
1 / 1新疆生产建设兵团第二师八一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解(每题2.5共计37.5分)
阅读理解
Xi'an
It was called Chang'anin ancient times. As the cradle (发源地) of Chinese civilization, it has a really long history. The city passed through the Zhou Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and some other dynasties as the capital city. It enjoys the title of the "four major ancient civilization capitals" with ancient Athens, Cairo and Rome.
Luoyang
It was the capital city of 13 dynasties, and it was listed as the world's largest city six times in history. Luoyang once was the starting point of the Silk Road in eastern countries. It connected Europe and North Africa with Asia.
Kaifeng
As early as the Neolithic Age (新石器时代), our ancestors lived here. Its history can be traced back to the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty and the Zhou Dynasty. It was the capital city of the Later JinDynasty, the Later Han Dynasty, the Later Zhou Dynasty as well as the Northern Song Dynasty. It achieved great prosperity (繁荣) in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Yangzhou
As one of the 24 famous historical and cultural cities listed by the State Council, Yangzhou has a history of about 2,500 years. It reached great prosperity in the Han, Sui, Tang, and Qing Dynasties. It used to be an important business center and a center of transportation.
Chengdu
It is an ancient cultural city, with two miracles in Chinese history. One is that its name has been the same for 2,000 years; the other is that it has always been the capital city of Sichuan region. It's a capital with a glorious history.
1．What is this passage mainly about
A．Five of the largest cities with a long history in China.
B．Five famous modern cities with a long history in China.
C．Five of the most beautiful cities with a long history in China.
D．Five famous ancient cultural cities with a long history in China.
2．Which of the following cities is linked to ancient Athens, Cairo and Rome
A．Xi'an. B．Kaifeng. C．Luoyang. D．Yangzhou.
3．In the Han, Sui, Tang, and Qing Dynasties, Yangzhou was most probably famous for its ____.
A．history B．culture C．economy D．beauty
4．This passage is probably taken from a website on ____.
A．business B．schooling C．parenting D．traveling
【答案】1．D
2．A
3．C
4．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中国五座拥有古老历史的文化名城。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查主旨大意。通读全文，本文介绍了中国五座拥有古老历史的文化名城。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据 Xi'an 部分中的"It enjoys the title of the ‘four major ancient civilization capitals' with ancient Athens, Cairo and Rome."它与古雅典、开罗、罗马并称为"四大文明古都"。可知，西安与古雅典、开罗、罗马并称为"四大文明古都"。故选A。
3．考查推理判断。根据 Yangzhou 部分中的"It reached great prosperity in the Han, Sui, Tang, and Qing Dynasties. It used to be an important business center and a center of transportation."它在汉、隋、唐、清时期达到了极大的繁荣。它曾经是一个重要的商业中心和交通中心。可推断在那几个朝代，扬州以其经济繁荣而闻名。故选C。
4．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了中国五座拥有古老历史的文化名城，应该在与旅游有关的网站上能读到这篇文章。故选D。
阅读理解
When I was a kid, my mom set aside some breakfast food for supper every now and then. I remember one night after a long, hard day at work, my mom placed a plate of eggs, sausage, and a plate of extremely burnt biscuits on the table. I waited to see if my dad would get annoyed.
All my dad did was to reach for the biscuits, smile at my mom and ask me how my day at school had been. I don't remember what I told him that night but I do remember watching him add butter and jelly on that ugly burnt biscuit and ate every bite of that thing. He never made a face nor uttered a word about it!
When I rose from the table that evening, I remember hearing my mom apologize to my dad for overcooking the biscuits and I will never forget what he said, "Honey, I love burnt biscuits every now and then. "
Later that night I went to say goodnight to my daddy, and I wondered if he really liked his biscuits burnt. He wrapped me up in his arms and said gently, "Your mom put in a hard day at work today and she is really tired. Besides, a little burnt biscuit never hurt anyone!
As I have grown older, I've thought about that many times. Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Learning to accept each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's differences contribute to a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship. We could extend this philosophy to any relationship, such as a husband-wife, parent-child, or friendship. Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocket. Keep it in your own. So, please pass me a biscuit, and yes, the burnt one will do just fine.
5．How did the author's dad react to the burnt biscuit
A．He set it aside for breakfast.
B．He ate butter and jelly instead.
C．He uttered his complaints loudly.
D．He ate it up as if nothing happened.
6．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A．Show understanding to imperfect things.
B．Ask the children to respect their parents.
C．Enjoy the over-cooked biscuits willingly.
D．Make important decisions on your own.
7．In which section of a magazine may this passage appear
A．History and culture. B．Family and relationship.
C．Cuisine and health. D．Entertainment and sports.
【答案】5．D
6．A
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，爸爸吃了辛苦工作一天的妈妈烤糊的饼干并告诫作者要体谅妈妈。作者最终懂得要坦然接受一些不完美的人和物。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I don't remember what I told him that night but I do remember watching him add butter and jelly on that ugly burnt biscuit and ate every bite of that thing. He never made a face nor uttered a word about it!"我不记得那天晚上我对他说了什么，但我记得我看着他在那块丑陋的烧焦的饼干上加黄油和果冻，然后每一口都吃了。他从来没有做过鬼脸，也没有说过一个字！可知，爸爸像没发生什么似的吃掉了饼干。故选D。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Learning to accept each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's differences contribute to a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship."生活中充满了不完美的事和不完美的人。学会接受彼此的缺点，选择赞美彼此的不同，有助于健康、成长和持久的关系。可知，作者建议我们理解不完美的事情。故选A。
7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"We could extend this philosophy to any relationship, such as a husband-wife, parent-child, or friendship. "我们可以将这一理念扩展到任何关系中，比如夫妻关系、亲子关系或友谊关系。可知，本文讲述作者爸爸对妈妈的理解使得他们关系亲密，且让作者懂得了要接受他人的不完美是维持一段关系的哲理。故可能出自某杂志的"家庭关系"版块。故选B。
阅读理解
Learning doesn't have to end when people age. In fact, today's seniors want to remain socially engaged, intellectually stimulated (激发), and an active part of their communities according to a university in Lebanon. That's why the university opened The University for Seniors that gives older adults — 50 and up — an opportunity for lifelong learning.
Founded in 2010, the school has about 500 new students every year, even during the height of the pandemic when classes were virtual. The university includes two three-month semesters and students can take any class they want regardless of their educational level. There are no exams or graduation certificates. This school is all about lifelong learning. The available classes include political science, public health, agriculture, sciences, women's affairs, as well as creative classes in drawing, painting and music. Language classes include English, French and Spanish. The classes are taught by volunteers.
One student, Mariam Koubaissy, 85, took drawing classes because it was her childhood dream to learn to draw, but life got in the way. Her dream does not die, though. She said, "Now half a century later, my dream came true and I was proud to have walked through those gates. "
The university provides more than just education. Former banker Youssef Bakri, 84, has been a student for over 10 years. He said, "Studying is food for the brain, and among the various lectures, there are psychology lessons that support us very much at our age. "
Studies show that seniors can reapmany benefits by continuing to learn new things. Lifelong learning keeps the brain stimulated, challenged and fully engaged. This helps seniors remain mentally alert while they age. With the percentage of over 65s in Lebanon's population growing, The University for Seniors is filling a very important role in the lives of its students.
8．What can we know about learning in The University for Seniors
A．It takes twelve months. B．Certificates are available.
C．Classes are various. D．Educated students are admitted.
9．What can be inferred about the university from students' opinions
A．It's popular. B．It's challenging.
C．It's limiting. D．It's famous.
10．What does the underlined word "reap" in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Seek. B．Gain. C．Track. D．Explore.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．The University Gives Seniors a Chance to Keep Learning
B．The Program of Learning ls Accessible to All Seniors
C．Lifelong Learning Keeps the Brain in Good Function
D．Seniors Are Eager to Return to the University
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．B
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了黎巴嫩的一所大学开设了老年大学，为50岁及以上的老年人提供终身学习的机会。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"students can take any class they want regardless of their educational level."学生可以选修任何他们想要的课程，而不管他们的教育水平如何；以及"The available classes include political science, public health, agriculture, sciences, women's affairs, as well as creative classes in drawing, painting and music. Language classes include English, French and Spanish. The classes are taught by volunteers."现有课程包括政治学、公共卫生、农业、科学、妇女事务，以及绘画、绘画和音乐方面的创意课程。语言课程包括英语、法语和西班牙语。这些课程由志愿者授课。可知，在这所大学，有各种各样的课程为老年人们提供。故选C。
9．考查推理判断。根据第三段"One student, Mariam Koubaissy, 85, took drawing classes because it was her childhood dream to learn to draw, but life got in the way. Her dream does not die, though. She said, ‘Now half a century later, my dream came true and I was proud to have walked through those gates.'"85岁的学生Mariam Koubaissy参加了绘画课程，因为学习绘画是她儿时的梦想，但生活阻碍了她。然而，她的梦想并没有破灭。她说："半个世纪后的今天，我的梦想实现了，我很自豪能穿过这些大门。"；以及第四段"The university provides more than just education. Former banker Youssef Bakri, 84, has been a student for over 10 years. He said, ‘Studying is food for the brain, and among the various lectures, there are psychology lessons that support us very much at our age.'"这所大学提供的不仅仅是教育。84岁的前银行家Youssef Bakri已经当了10多年的学生。他说："学习是大脑的食物，在各种讲座中，有一些心理学课程对我们这个年纪的人非常有帮助。"可推知，这所大学很受老年人们欢迎。故选A。
10．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段知道"Studies show that seniors can reap many benefits by continuing to learn new things. Lifelong learning keeps the brain stimulated, challenged and fully engaged. This helps seniors remain mentally alert while they age."研究表明，老年人可以通过继续学习新事物reap许多好处。终身学习使大脑保持兴奋、挑战和充分参与。这有助于老年人在衰老时保持精神警觉。可知，这里表明，老年人通过上老年大学获得了很多的好处。可推知划线词reap的意思应该是"获得"之意，故选B。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Learning doesn't have to end when people age. In fact, today's seniors want to remain socially engaged, intellectually stimulated (激发), and an active part of their communities according to a university in Lebanon. That's why the university opened The University for Seniors that gives older adults — 50 and up — an opportunity for lifelong learning."学习不一定要随着年龄的增长而结束。事实上，黎巴嫩一所大学表示，如今的老年人希望保持社交参与、智力刺激，并积极参与社区。这就是为什么该大学开设了老年大学，为50岁及以上的老年人提供终身学习的机会。可知，这篇文章主要介绍黎巴嫩的一所大学开设了老年大学，为50岁及以上的老年人提供终身学习的机会。故选A。
阅读理解
Widespread descriptions of animals in pop culture could actually be hurting the animals' survival chances in the wild, a new research suggests.
Franck Courchampof the University of Paris-Sud was interested in the idea of "appeal" (吸引力) in animals. He wanted to know: What species do people consider appealing And what are the influences of being appealing on populations of animals in the wild
In a research published this month, Courchampand other researchers list the top 20 appealing species. They deemedlarge mammals living on land are ing in first place are tigers, followed by lions, elephants, giraffes, panthers, pandas, cheetahs, polar bears, wolves, and gorillas. However, at least half of the interviewees didn't realize that five of the top ten most appealing species are threatened. It is strange that we do not protect the species we care about the most.
The study also finds that we are flooded with images of these creatures, even as they are becoming fewer in the wild. The study suggests that too much imagination might be creating a "virtual population" of the animals in people's minds, making them believe there are far more individuals in the wild than is exact.
The study authors suggest that companies who benefit from the use of these images should set as idea small percentage of their profits for protection efforts and informational campaigns. "That would be not only something fair, but something that could bring a win-win situation for them," Courchampsays. It could bring them positive public relation, for example. Besides, if a company's mascot (吉祥物) goes extinct, that could hurt them from a marketing point, Courchampsays. But not enough companies are "truly concerned about the protection of the species that they work on," he adds.
12．The widespread descriptions of animals may ____ according to Paragraph 1.
A．make people aware of the necessity of wild protection
B．lead people to protect animals
C．be beneficial for both animals and humans
D．reduce the animals' survival chances
13．What does the underlined word "deemed" mean in Paragraph 3
A．Rescued. B．Established. C．Thought. D．Disappeared.
14．What can we know about panthers and cheetahs from the passage
A．They are among the best liked.
B．They have a large population in the wild.
C．They have died out.
D．They are well protected.
15．How does Courchamplist the companies' responsibilities and their advantages
A．By doing experiments. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking a question. D．By listing data.
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．A
15．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究者列出了20种最吸引人的物种，他们认为生活在陆地上的大型哺乳动物很有吸引力，并说明了使用动物图像受益的公司的责任和优势。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段"Widespread descriptions of animals in pop culture could actually be hurting the animals' survival chances in the wild, a new research suggests."一项新的研究表明，流行文化中对动物的广泛描述实际上可能会损害动物在野外的生存机会。可知，对动物的广泛描述实际上可能会损害动物在野外的生存机会。故选D。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"In a research published this month, Courchamp and other researchers list the top 20 appealing species. They deemed large mammals living on land are appealing. "在本月发表的一项研究中，Courchamp和其他研究人员列出了20种最吸引人的物种。他们 生活在陆地上的大型哺乳动物很有吸引力。可知，划线词后" large mammals living on land are appealing "是宾语从句，结合前句句意可知，他们是在说明他们的研究发现，可推知划线词 deemed 为动词"认为"来说明他们的发现以及观点。故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"They deemed large mammals living on land are ing in first place are tigers, followed by lions, elephants, giraffes, panthers, pandas, cheetahs, polar bears, wolves, and gorillas. "他们认为生活在陆地上的大型哺乳动物很有吸引力。排在第一位的是老虎，其次是狮子、大象、长颈鹿、美洲豹、熊猫、猎豹、北极熊、狼和大猩猩。可知，美洲豹和猎豹也在最有吸引力的动物行列里面。故选A。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘That would be not only something fair, but something that could bring a win-win situation for them,'Courchamp says. It could bring them positive public relation, for example."Courchamp说："这不仅公平，而且可以为他们带来双赢的局面。"例如，它可以给他们带来积极的公共关系。可知，Courchamp通过举例的方式列出这些公司的责任和优势。故选B。
二、七选五（12.5分）
七选五
Ways to Improve Your Health
Sometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health. 　16． 　
● Eat breakfast every morning.
Research shows that eating a meal in the morning results in less body fat and less chance of overeating. Eating breakfast can help people feel better both physically and mentally through the day.
● Get enough sleep.
Poor sleep can influence our memory and learning. 　17． 　Studies show that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents. So stay safe and get enough sleep!
● 　18． 　
Walking is an easy way to add exercise to our lives. Instead of meeting friends for a meal, meet them for a walk. As you walk, you will see the beautiful world around you. Once you try, you will find that adding a walk into your daily life is very easy.
● Make social connections (联系).
　19． 　They might include sport teams, art or music groups. The people in the group can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times. Also, being in a group keeps your mind busy. An active mind is a healthy mind!
● Have a hobby.
A hobby could be running, reading or making something with your hands. Hobbies help people to relax and rest. 　20． 　. Everyone could get a little more joy in their lives!
A. Get much exercise.
B. Take a walk every day.
C. They also bring pleasure to people.
D. Social groups can provide support.
E. It can also cause traffic accidents!
F. The following health habits may help you.
G. It is very important for them to have a good day.
【答案】16．F；17．E；18．B；19．D；20．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些有助于改善健康的好习惯。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据下面小标题"Eat breakfast every morning"每天早上吃早餐；以及"Get enough sleep"获得足够的睡眠。可知，此处是讲介绍一些健康的习惯， F. The following health habits may help you. "以下的健康习惯可能会对你有所帮助。"符合语境，故选F。
17．根据空后"Studies show that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents."研究表明，睡眠不足的人似乎更容易发生事故。可知，此处是指睡眠不足也可能会导致事故， E. It can also cause traffic accidents! "它还会导致交通事故！"符合语境，故选E。
18．根据空后"Walking is an easy way to add exercise to our lives."散步是我们生活中增加锻炼的一种简单方法。可知，此处是指要每天散步， B. Take a walk every day. "每天散步。"符合语境，故选B。
19．根据空后"They might include sport teams, art or music groups."他们可能包括运动队、艺术或音乐团体。可知，此处是指社会团体会有帮助， D. Social groups can provide support. "社会团体可以提供支持。"符合语境，故选D。
20．根据空后"Everyone could get a little more joy in their lives!"每个人的生活都可以多一点快乐！可知，此处是指爱好也会给人带来快乐， C. They also bring pleasure to people. "它们也给人们带来快乐。"符合语境，故选C。
三、完形填空（每题1分，共计15分）
完形填空
My aunt came to my home with her six-year-old daughter Alice this morning. While my aunt was talking with my mom, my cousin felt a bit 21． . So I suggested I went out with her. My aunt happily 22． . We went to the park together. There we bought two 23． and started flying them. She jumped up and down and I knew she was 24． having great fun. And I must admit I haven't enjoyed myself like that for a long time.
Later, we sat down on a bench, looking at the gardens. As we were 25． there, Alice said, "What a great day today!" I smiled at her and agreed. I then started thinking about what we had done that day. We did something quite 26． , yet we were very happy.
Many people wait for their "best days". But I think today is our 27． day. That's a lesson I learn today. As adults, we often make plans 28． in order to have a great day. Some people think they can have a nice day through spending a lot of 29． . I think we should be more like 30． . They don't think about money or what will happen tomorrow. They 31． live in the moment and enjoy the moment!
We often hear the expression that we should live in the 32． . How do we do that We're not doing such a 33． job. Remember today is important as we are exchanging a day of our 34． for it. Yesterday is a history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a 35． . That's why it is called present. So seize the day!
21．A． tired B． bored C． hungry D． sleepy
22．A． explained B． followed C． called D． agreed
23．A． bird B． present C． kite D． planes
24．A． willingly B． truly C． faithfully D． hopefully
25．A． eating B． jumping C． sitting D． walking
26．A． brave B． strange C． common D． interesting
27．A． memorable B． special C． important D． perfect
28．A． quickly B． carefully C． worriedly D． sadly
29．A． money B． energy C． time D． experience
30．A． parent B． teacher C． relative D． children
31．A． entirely B． really C． frequently D． finally
32．A． morning B． present C． past D． future
33．A． good B． professional C． new D． difficult
34．A． mood B． home C． family D． life
35．A． reason B． book C． gift D． tool
【答案】21．B；22．D；23．C；24．B；25．C；26．C；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C
【知识点】人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述作者带领表妹去公园，玩得很开心，谈论了活在当下，享受当下的生活态度。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：当我姨妈和我妈妈说话的时候，我表妹感到有点无聊。A. tired"累的"；B. bored"烦的，无聊的"；C. hungry"饥饿的"；D. sleepy"困倦的"。根据空前"While my aunt was talking with my mom"可知，大人们在聊天，孩子感到无聊。故选B。
22．句意：姨妈高兴地同意了。A. explained"解释"；B. followed"跟随"；C. called"呼叫"；D. agreed"同意"。根据上文"I suggested I went out with her"；以及下文"We went to the park together."可知，姨妈同意了。故选D。
23．句意：在那里，我们买了两只风筝，开始放风筝。A. birds"鸟"；B. presents"礼物"；C. kites"风筝"；D. planes"飞机"。根据语境和空后"flying them"可知，他们在公园里放风筝。故选C。
24．句意：她跳上跳下，我知道她真的很开心。A. willingly"乐意地"；B. truly"真正地"；C. faithfully"忠实地"；D. hopefully"有希望地"。根据空前"She jumped up and down"可知，她真的很开心。故选B。
25．句意：当我们坐在那里时，Alice说："今天是多么美好的一天！" A. eating"吃"；B. jumping"跳"；C. sitting"坐"；D. walking"步行"。根据上文"we sat down on a bench"可知，他们坐在那里。故选C。
26．句意：我们做了一些很平常的事，但我们都很开心。A. brave"勇敢的"；B. strange"陌生的"；C. common"普通的，平常的"；D. interesting"有趣的"。根据上文可知，作者带着表妹去公园，放风筝，坐在长凳上看花，；以及空后"yet we were very happy"的转折可知，作者认为这些事情很平常。故选C。
27．句意：但我觉得今天是我们完美的一天。A. memorable"值得纪念的"；B. special"特殊的"；C. important"重要的"；D. perfect"完美的"。根据上文"What a great day today!"、"we were very happy"以及"best days"可知，作者认为这一天是完美的一天。故选D。
28．句意：作为成年人，我们经常为了度过美好的一天而精心制定计划。A. quickly"迅速地"；B. carefully"小心地，认真地"；C. worriedly"担忧地"；D. sadly"伤心地"。根据空后"in order to have a great day"可知，为了度过美好的一天需要认真地计划。故选B。
29．句意：有些人认为他们通过花很多钱可以度过美好的一天。A. money"钱"；B. energy"能量，精力"；C. time"时间"；D. experience"经验"。根据语境和下文"They don't think about money"可知，有些人认为只有花钱才能过好日子。故选A。
30．句意：我觉得我们应该更像孩子。A. parents"父母"；B. teachers"老师"；C. relatives"亲戚"；D. children"孩子"。根据下文"They don't think about money or what will happen tomorrow."并对应前文"As adults"可知，作者认为我们应该不失孩子的童真。故选D。
31．句意：他们真正活在当下，享受当下！A. entirely"完整地"；B. really"真实地"；C. frequently "经常"；D. finally"最后"。根据上文"They don't think about money or what will happen tomorrow."可知，作者认为孩子们的思想单纯，真正活在当下，享受当下。故选B。
32．句意：我们经常听到这样的话：我们应该活在当下。A. morning"早晨，上午"；B. present"目前，现在"；C. past"过去"；D. future"未来"。根据上文"They 11 live in the moment and enjoy the moment!"可知，我们应该活在当下。故选B。
33．句意：我们做得不是很好。A. good"好的"；B. professional"专业的"；C. new"新的"；D. difficult"困难的"。根据上文"That's a lesson I learn today. As adults, we often make plans 8 in order to have a great day."可知，作者认为我们成年人做的并不好。故选A。
34．句意：记住今天是很重要的，因为我们用生命中的一天来交换它。A. mood"情绪"；B. home "家"；C. family"家庭"；D. life"生活，生命"。根据空前"Remember today is important"及"a day of"可知，此处指生命中的一天。故选D。
35．句意：今天是一份礼物。A. reason"理由"；B. book"书"；C. gift"礼物"；D. tool"工具"。根据上文"Remember today is important"及下文"That's why it is called present. So seize the day!"可知，"今天"很重要，它是上天赐予我们的礼物。故选C。
四、语法填空(每小题1.5分，共计15分)
语法填空
Most people dream of living in a big expensive house. But Tim Shea just wanted to find a place 　36． 　 could become his home. This 70-year-old homeless man had spent several years living on the streets until he became the first resident of a village filled 　37． 　 3D- printed little houses.
Shea was chosen to be the first person 　38． 　(move) into Community First Village , a 51- acre site in Austin, Texas. The small houses in the village , like Shea's 400-square-foot home, were built by the Austin-based start-up company ICON.
Life wasn't easy for Shea before 　39． 　 (live) in Community First Village. He lived in an RV(野营车) for most of his life. This made 　40． 　(he) stay away from people. " I think from my 　41． 　(person) experience of my former lifestyle, I developed a shell," Shea said. " I didn't feel secure(安心的)and any time I had the opportunity，I would hide. "
Luckily,　42． 　(thing) changed when Shea got his new house. Since then, he has been meeting new people and making friends. "Now everything I do 　43． 　(be) just the opposite. I have many activities to do every day with others," Shea said.
The houses 　44． 　(design) by ICON have six different layouts (布局). Shea chose a home with an open floor. This way, 　45． 　 will be easier for him to use his wheelchair.
【答案】36．that/which；37．with；38．to move；39．living；40．him；41．personal；42．things；43．is；44．designed；45．it
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Tim Shea入住3D打印房子村庄后的生活上的变化。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，介词，非谓语动词，代词，形容词，名词，时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：但Tim Shea只是想找到一个可以成为他家的地方。 是限制性定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导，故填that/which。
37．句意：这位70岁的无家可归者在街头生活了几年，直到他成为一个充满3D打印小房子的村庄的第一位居民。be filled with固定短语，"充满"。故填with。
38．句意：Shea被选为第一个搬家社区第一村的人，这是德克萨斯州奥斯汀的一个51英亩的地方。此处与逻辑主语person之间的逻辑关系为主动，且逻辑主语前有the first修饰，设空处应用不定式to do作定语。故填to move。
39．句意：在住在社区第一村之前，Shea的生活并不容易。根据空前介词before可知，设空处应用动名词形式。故填living。
40．句意：这使得他远离人们。根据空前动词made可知，设空处应用代词的宾格形式作宾语。he为人称代词主格，其宾格为him。故填him。
41．句意："我认为从我以前的生活方式的个人经历中，我开发了一个外壳"，Shea说。此处形容词修饰名词experience，作定语，故填personal。
42．句意：幸运的是，当Shea得到他的新房子时，事情发生了变化。此处名词作主语。结合句意，此处表达的应是多种事情，应使用名词的复数形式。故填things。
43．句意：现在我所做的一切是恰恰相反的。此处是谓语动词。根据句中时间状语now，时态为一般现在时，因主语是不定代词everything，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。
44．句意：ICON设计的这个房屋有六种不同的布局。此空与主语The houses在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填designed。
45．句意：这样，他将更容易使用轮椅。分析句子，句中真正主语为不定式to use his wheelchair，设空处应用代词it作形式主语。故填it。
五、书面表达 （共计40分）
46． 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Adam lived with his parents in one city while his grandparents lived far away in another city. Adam's parents usually took their son to his grandparents' house during summer holiday every year and stayed there for around 20 days. Adam's grandfather loved him very much and spent a lot of time playing with him. His grandmother always cooked delicious food for him. Adam loved his stay there. This continued for years. The boy grew up over time.
One day Adam said to his parents, "Now, I am old enough to go to grandparents' house alone. So, please let me go by myself. "
His parents didn't agree at first but Adam insisted(坚持). They finally agreed. But they were worried about his safety. So, they taught him everything he needed to know to travel alone.
The day came when Adam was to leave for his grandparents' house. And his parents came to see him off at the train station. When the boy was comfortably seated on the train, his parents got off and waited for the train to leave.
While waiting, the father went to the window and kept talking to his son. He handed his son an envelope(信封) from the window and said, "Son, if you feel afraid on the way, open this and read it. It will help you to calm down. "
The boy kept that envelope in his pocket carefully and said goodbye to his parents. When the train was ready to leave, the boy smiled and told his father, "I remember everything. Don't worry. "
At every station where the train stopped, people kept coming and going. The boy started feeling a little lonely.
【答案】One possible version:
Adam's family and his grandparents live in two cities far away. (要点1) But every summer vacation, his parents take Adam to his grandparents' home. (要点2)One day, Adam said that he had grown up and wanted to go to his grandparents' home alone. (要点3)The parents were worried, but they were persuaded. (要点4)Before getting on the bus, my parents told Adam a lot and gave him a letter telling him to open the envelope if he was afraid. (要点5)
【知识点】文字式记叙文；概要写作
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇概要写作。写作步骤：
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章讲述了主人公亚当每年暑假都由父母带着去祖父母家，后来长大后，一天要求父母让他独自去祖父母家的故事。
2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：One day, Adam said that he had grown up and wanted to go to his grandparents' home alone. 运用了宾语从句；The parents were worried, but they were persuaded.运用了转折并列句；Before getting on the bus, my parents told Adam a lot and gave him a letter telling him to open the envelope if he was afraid. 运用了动名词作介词宾语，现在分词作定语，条件状语从句。
47． 假定你是李华，你校计划下周举办校运会，请你写一封邮件给外教Chris，邀请他参加教师比赛，内容要点如下：\
1. 时间地点；
2. 项目及意义。
注意：
1. 词数100字左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Chris,
I'm Li Hua. Our school plans to hold a sports meeting next week. I'm writing to invite you to participate in the teachers' competition.
The sports meeting will be held next Sunday in our school stadium. There are several sports events for teachers, including running, throwing and jumping, and so on. We hope that you can participate in it.
This activity not only helps to enhance our physical fitness, but also provides a good opportunity to promote friendship among teachers. We sincerely hope that you can participate and enjoy it.
Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】其他作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份， 写一封邮件给外教Chris，邀请他参加教师比赛。写作背景：你校计划下周举办校运会 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1. 时间地点；2. 项目及意义。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Our school plans to hold a sports meeting next week.运用了不定式作宾语；I'm writing to invite you to participate in the teachers' competition.运用了不定式作目的状语，不定式作宾补；The sports meeting will be held next Sunday in our school stadium. 运用了被动语态； There are several sports events for teachers, including running, throwing and jumping, and so on. 运用了there be句式；We hope that you can participate in it.运用了宾语从句；We sincerely hope that you can participate and enjoy it.运用了宾语从句。
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