Module 5 Lao She Teahouse
Unit 1 I wanted to see the Beijing Opera.
知识讲解
知识点1. offer /' f / v.提议;提出
考向【重点】
offer sth. 提供某物 She offered a book. 她提供了一本书。
offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. (主动)给 某人提供 某物 He offered me an apple/offered an apple to me.他主动给了我一个苹果。
offer to do sth. (主动)提 出做某事 Lingling offered to drive me home. 玲玲主动提出开车送我回家。
典例 A lot of heroes ________ their lives ________ our country during the earthquake in Sichuan.
A.offer;to B.offer;for C.offered;to D.offered;/
【点拨】句意为“在四川地震中,许多英雄为我们国家奉献了生命。”
知识点2. actor/ kt (r)/n.演员(尤指男演员) ,actress则常指女演员。
eg:The young actor pretended to be Hamlet.
那个年轻演员佯装成哈姆雷特。
拓展 表示男女不同的名词初中阶段有:
男 actor waiter host salesman conductor spokesman
女 actress Waitress hostess saleswoman conductress spokeswoman
规律一般“女”的后缀是:woman,ess; “ 男”的后缀一般是:man等。
魔法记忆:售票员班长(照)镜子,访问教授(找)医生。 按:有些同学常把or 结尾的词误拼为er 结尾的词。还有六个:conductor 售票员;monitor 班长;mirror 镜子;visitor 访问者;professor 教授;doctor 医生
知识点3.end/end/n.(时间的)最后一段;末尾。
in the end 最后;终于。同义词组:at last
考向一vt.& vi.结束;终止eg:The road ends here. 这条路到此为止。
考向二【重点】 辨析in the end,at the end of及by the end
in the end 最终(经过一番努力) In the end they won the match.最后,他们赢得了比赛。
at the end of 在……的末端/结尾 At the end of the road,you'll find a hotel.在路的尽头,你将发现一家宾馆。
by the end 到……为止,常与完成时连用 By the end of this week,he has stayed at home for five months.到这个星期为止,他已经在家呆了五个月了。
典例 _______,I decided to stay at Ford.
A.In the end of B.To the end C.By the end D.In the end
知识点4.No idea.不知道。 它是I have no idea.的缩写形式,与I don't know.同义。
eg:—Do you know what time the last bus is
你知道最后一班公交车是几点吗?
—No idea./I don't know.不知道。/我不知道。
典例 画线部分的同义句是______
—Excuse me,is there a bank near here —Sorry,I have no idea.
A.I don't know. B.I won't go there. C.I don't tell you. D.I don't think so.
Unit 2 It describes the changes in Chinese society.
知识点1.return
考向一 作动词,意为“返回,回来”,相当于come back。
eg:He returned home from school.他放学回家。
考向二【重点】 作动词,意为“归还,回报”。 常见短语:return sb.sth.=return sth.to sb.把某物归还给某人。
eg:He returned me my pen.=He returned my pen to me.
他把钢笔归还给了我。
考向三 作名词,意为“归还;回报;报答”, 常见短语:in return 作为报答,作为回报。
eg:I sent him a book;in return,I got a coat.我送给了他一本书;作为回报,我得到了一件外套。
典例 —Can I use your bike,Jim —Sorry,Danny didn't ____ it to me. A.offer B.borrow C.lend D.return
知识点2.name /neIm/ v. “给……命名,给……取名’’ 被动形式:be named... “被称为……”。 同义词组:be called...。
eg:He was named/called a national hero.他被誉为民族英雄。
典例 Yaxi, a quiet village in Gaochun,________China's first “Slow City” in November 2011. (南京)
A. names B.named C.is named D.was named
知识点3.If / f/conj.如果;若。本句是个复合句,if引导条件状语从句。
考向【重点】 If 引导状语从句,表示条件或假设。若主句使用一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时(主将从现)。
eg:If you come here,you will eat a big dinner.如果你来这儿,你将吃到一顿大餐。
典例 —Let's go fishing if it ________ this weekend. —But nobody knows if it________.
A.is fine;will rain B.will be fine;rains
C.will be fine;will rain D.is fine;rains
【点拨】本题考查if的用法。第一个if引导的是条件状语从句,因此用一般现在时表示将来;第二个空if引导的是宾语从句,由时间状语this weekend可知用一般将来时。故选A。
拓展 if 引导宾语从句时,常意为“是否”,此时if引导的宾语从句时态应由动作发生的时间决定。
eg:He asked if they went to the zoo. 他问他们是否去了动物园。
知识点4 take place 发生 eg:The sports meeting will take place next Monday. 运动会将在下周一举行。
考向【辨析】take place与happen
take place 多指根据计划或安排而发生。
happen 多指偶然发生。
典例 根据汉语完成句子。
1. 这个故事发生在上海。This story ____________ in Shanghai.
2. 今天早晨我碰巧遇到了我的启蒙老师。 I ____________ to meet my first teacher this morning. (took place,happened)
Unit 3 Language in use
语法讲解:动词不定式(一)和双宾语
一、动词不定式(一)
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词,在句中能作主语、宾语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。没有人称和数的变化,构成形式为to+动词原形。本模块介绍动词不定式置于谓语动词后作宾语,表明意图、计划、决定或希望。
考点 1 跟不定式作宾语的动词
agree,ask,decide,choose,come,expect,hope,fail,happen,help,learn,mean,manage,offer,plan,promise,refuse,seem,wait,wish...
eg:The driver hoped to see the opposite car in time.司机希望及时看见对面的小汽车。
I want to know the answer to your question.我想知道你那道问题的答案。
典例1 Bruce agreed his brother to play the guitar.
A. teach B. to teach C. taught D. teaches
【点拨】 agree to do sth.不定式作宾语。故选B。
典例2 —I didn't hear you come in just now.
—That's good. We tried any noise,for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
【点拨】考查非谓语动词的用法。try to do sth.意为“努力/尽力做某事”,否定式为“try not to do sth”.,句意指尽量不去制造任何噪声。所以选择答案B。
考点 2 do+it+adj.+to do当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,可以接此类复合宾语的动词有: find,think,make,believe,keep,consider...
eg:We think it quite important to learn a foreign language well.
我们认为学好一门外语相当重要。
典例 Mr Zhao usually believes it relaxing the students in class.
A. teach B. to teach C. teaching D. teaches
考点 3 既可接动词不定式又可接动词的ing形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有:begin, start, continue等。
eg:Then I started watching/ to watch TV. 然后我开始看电视。
考点 4 后接动词不定式或动词的ing形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有:
stop to do 停止,中断做某事后去做另一件事 He stops to smoke a cigarette.他停下来,抽了根烟。
doing 停止做某事 I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事 The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
doing 忘记做过某事 He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)
remember to do 记得去做某事 Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
doing 记得做过某事 Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
try to do 努力,企图做某事 You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
doing 试着做某事 I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉,但未成功。
go on to do 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事 After he had finished his math,he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后,他接着去做物理。
doing 继续或不间断地做某事 They went on working till late in the night.他们不停地工作,一直到深夜。
感官动词see,watch,observe, notice do 表示动作的完整性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活。 (强调看见的整个过程)
doing 表示动作的进行性 I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。 (强调“我见他正干活”这个动作)
begin/ start to do begin, start用于进行时态的句子中时,后面动词用不定式 I was beginning to get angry.我开始生起气来。
后接know, understand, realize这类动词时,常用不定式to do I begin to understand the truth.我开始明白真相。
事物作主语时 The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了。
begin/ start doing 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时 How old were you when you started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴?
典例 —Dad, why must I stop computer games?
—For your health,my boy.
A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing
考点 5 动词不定式的否定式
不定式的否定式是“not / never to do...”,
不带to的不定式的否定式是“not / never do...”。
eg:Sometimes they have disagreements,and decide not to talk to each other. 有时他们有分歧,会决定不对彼此谈论。
His parents tell him never to drive after he drinks.
他的父母告诉他不要酒后驾驶。
典例 I always tell my students on the road because it's really dangerous.
A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play
【点拨】 考查非谓语动词。不定式作tell的宾语补足语,构成tell sb. to do sth.结构,对不定式进行否定在to前加not。即tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。
二、双宾语
有些及物动词可接两个宾语(双宾语),即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。间接宾语通常放在直接宾语之前,若将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后,则要用介词to 或 for。
考点 1 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词
bring sb.sth.=bring sth.to sb.把某物带给某人
hand sb.sth.=hand sth.to sb.把某物递给某人
lend sb.sth.=lend sth.to sb.把某物借给某人
mail sb.sth.=mail sth.to sb.把某物寄给某人
offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.将某物提供给某人
pass sb.sth.=pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人
pay sb.sth.=pay sth.to sb.付给某人某物(钱)
post sb.sth.=post sth.to sb.把某物寄给某人
return sb.sth.=return sth.to sb.把某物还给某人
send sb.sth.=send sth.to sb.把某物寄给某人
sell sb.sth.=sell sth.to sb.把某物卖给某人
serve sb.sth.=serve sth.to sb.把某物提供给某人
show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.拿某物给某人看
take sb.sth.=take sth.to sb.把某物拿给某人
teach sb.sth.=teach sth.to sb.教某人某事
tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告诉某人某事
throw sb.sth.=throw sth.to sb.把某物扔给某人
write sb.sth.=write sth.to sb.给某人写……
考点 2 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词
book sb.sth.=book sth.for sb.为某人预订某物
buy sb.sth.=buy sth.for sb.为某人买某物
cook sb.sth.=cook sth.for sb.为某人烹饪某物
draw sb.sth.=draw sth.for sb.为某人画某物
get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb.为某人拿来某物
make sb.sth.=make sth.for sb.为某人做某物
pick sb.sth.=pick sth.for sb.为某人采摘某物
prepare sb.sth.=prepare sth.for sb.为某人准备某物
eg:She passed him the salt.=She passed the salt to him.她把盐递给了他。
Her uncle bought her an EnglishChinese dictionary yesterday.
=Her uncle bought an EnglishChinese dictionary for her yesterday.
昨天,她叔叔给她买了一本英汉词典。
考点 3 当直接宾语是人称代词(it/them),间接宾语是名词时;或两个宾语都是人称代词时,通常要用介词to或for引起的短语。
eg:The watch is Li Lei's. Please give it to him. 这块手表是李雷的。请把它给他。
知识点1 bring...to life 意为“使……生动/鲜活”。
eg:His novels bring the Victorian age to life.
他的小说把维多利亚时代写活了。
拓展 bring...to life 还有“使苏醒”的意思。
eg:The doctor used a special way to bring the patient to life.
医生用了一种特殊的方法使这位病人苏醒过来。
典例让死去的人复活是不可能的。
It‘s impossible to a dead man .
【点拨】考查固定词组。 bring...to life是固定词组,“使苏醒;使复活”的意思。
知识点2.have a great/good time “玩得开心, 过得愉快”
eg:They had a great/good time in the zoo yesterday.
昨天他们在动物园里玩得很开心。
考向 have a great/good time与have fun, enjoy oneself 同义。
上面的例句可以改为:They had fun/enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday.
典例—I'm going to Hainan with my aunt for my holiday after the exam.
— . (山东聊城)
A. Have a good time B. It doesn't matter
C. You are welcome D. Thanks a lot
【点拨】考查交际用语。B项意思是“没关系”;C项意思是“不客气”;D项意思是“非常感谢”。 根据第一句句意:考试过后,我和我的阿姨打算去海南度假。得出答案为A“玩得开心”。