新概念英语第二册 Lesson 21 Mad or not 知识归纳

Lesson 21 Mad or not
Text 课文
First, listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why do people think the writer is mad
Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.
New words 生词
mad [m d] a.发疯
reason ['ri:z n] n.原因
sum[s m] n.量
determined [di't :mind] a.坚定的，下决心的
Grammar focus 语法
1. Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. 飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯。
drive除了有驾驶的意思，还可以表示赶、逼。drive sb. mad把某人逼疯，drive sb. away把某人赶走。如：
How did you drive him away
你是如何将他赶走的？
driving force驱动力。如：
His wife is the driving force behind his accomplishments.
他的妻子是他成就后面的推动力。
2. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. 我住在一个机场附近，过往飞机日夜不绝于耳。
这是一个由and连接的并列句，and后面的句子中passing plane是主语，而passing这个动名词又是作为修饰plane这个名词的定语而存在。如：
He asked an embarrassing question. (动名词作定语)
他问了一个令人尴尬的问题。
can be heard是情态动词can的被动语态，如：
主动：I can finish all the tasks!
我可以完成所有的任务！
被动：All the tasks can be finished!
所有的任务都可以被完成！
night and day和day and night都表示夜以继日，日日夜夜。如：
The earth moves day and night.
地球昼夜不停地运转。
3. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason, it could not be used then. 机场是许多年前建的，但由于某种原因，当时未能启用。
was built是一般过去时的被动语态。如：
一般过去时的主动语态：
They built the Great Wall to protect the country from being attacked.
他们修建了长城，以保护国家免受攻击。
一般过去时的被动语态：
The Great Wall was built to protect the country from being attacked.
长城被修建起来，以保护国家免受攻击。
could的主动语态：
I could not open the door yesterday.
我昨天不能打开这扇门。
could的被动语态：
The door could not be opened yesterday.
这扇门昨天不能被打开。
for some reason.由于某种原因。因为some在这里指某种，而不是一些，所以reason是单数形式。
4. Last year, however, it came into use. 然而去年机场开始使用了。
come into use表示开始被使用。如:
The road came into use last month.
这条路上个月通车了。
5. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. 有100多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去。
have been driven away是现在完成时的被动语态。如：
I have cleaned the room.
我已经打扫了这间屋子。
The room has been cleaned.
这间屋子已经被打扫了。
文中还有一个现在完成时的被动语态的句子：
I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.
他们曾向我提供一大笔钱让我搬走，但我决定留在这儿。
be determined to do sth.表示决心做某事。如：
We are determined to finish the work before New Year's Day.
我们决心要在元旦前完成这项工作。
6. I am one of the few people left. 我是少数留下来的人中的一个。
过去分词left在这句话中作后置定语，表示留下的，用作形容词。
7. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. 有时我觉得这房子就要被一架飞过的飞机撞倒。
will be knocked down是一般将来时的被动语态。如：
一般将来时的主动语态：
We will hold a sports meeting next week.
下星期我们将举行一场运动会。
一般将来时的被动语态：
A sports meeting will be held next week.
一场运动会将在下星期被举行。
8. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right. 大家都说我肯定是疯了，也许他们说的是对的。
像everybody，everyone，everything这样的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
Everyone knows he's the only person who can do the job.
人人都知道他是唯一能做这项工作的人。
Exercises 练习
一. Answer these questions.
1. Is the writer slowly going mad or not
The writer is slowly going mad.
2. Where does he live
He lives near an airport.
3. What can be heard night and day
Passing planes can be heard night and day.
4. Have most of his neighbors left their homes or not
Most of his neighbors have left their homes.
5. Has he been offered money to leave or not
He has been offered money to leave.
6. What is he determined to do
He is determined to stay.
7. What does everyone say
Everyone says he must be mad.
8. Are they probably right or wrong
They're probably right.
二. Change the form of the phrases in italics.
I live near an airport and I can hear passing planes night and day. They built the airport years ago, but for some reason, they could not use it then. last year, however, it came into use. The noise must have driven over a hundred people away from their homes. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think a passing plane will knock down this house. They have offered me a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.
I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason, it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.
三. Change the form of these sentences. Your sentences must begin with the words in italics.
1. I will send a message immediately.
A message will be sent immediately.
2. We must sell all these goods.
All these goods must be sold.
3. I told you he would receive the parcel in time.
I told you the parcel would be received in time.
4. He has to deliver the letter by hand.
The letter has to be delivered by hand.
5. They must have lost your letter in the post.
Your letter must have been lost in the post.
四. Write sentences using drive out of, drive back and drive into.
Drive the Japanese imperialists out of China.
把日本帝国主义驱逐出中国。
I can't drink because I have to drive back home soon.
我不能喝酒，一会儿还得开车回家呢。
I want to drive into the mountains.
我想开车到山里去。
五. Supply house(s) or home in the following.
1. It was raining heavily and I was glad to get home.
2. The government plans to build thousands of houses next year.
3. He is very rich. He owns a house in the country.
4. Most people like to spend their Christmas holidays at home.