福州市晋安区2023-2024学年高一上学期开学考试英语 （答案）
第一部分 单项填空(共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分)
1－5 A A A B A 6－10 C C B A D 11-15 C B A D B
第二部分 阅读理解（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本非常受欢迎的书籍的故事梗概。
16. B 推理判断题。根据Emily’s House部分第一句中的“Margaret Maher works as the servant in the family home of poet Emily Dickinson”可知，Emily Dickinson是一名诗人。由此可推知，诗歌爱好者可能会喜欢Emily’s House这本书。故选B。
17. C 细节理解题。根据Pastoral Song部分第一句中的“English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals”可知，Pastoral Song这本书介绍了一些饲养动物的方法。故选C。
18. D 细节理解题。根据Agatha of Little Neon部分中的“by Claire Luchette”、第一段第一句中的“This is a novel about desire and sisterhood”和第二段第一句“Agatha is one of four young nuns, who tend to the residents of Little Neon, a house in Rhode Island.”可知，Claire Luchette写下了Agatha of Little Neon一书，该书讲述了四个姐妹之间的故事。故选D。
B篇
这篇文章讨论了如何通过个人成长和正念练习来培养自我意识。作者认为，拥有强烈的自我意识和适应新情况的能力对于成功地导航这个世界非常重要。文章介绍了两种方法来实现这一目标：写日记和正念练习。写日记可以帮助我们反思自己的想法、感受和行为，从而深入了解自己的个性和行为模式，并确定需要改进的领域。正念练习则鼓励我们专注于当下的时刻，更加注意我们的想法和感觉，从而减少压力和焦虑水平，提高整体健康状况。最后，文章提供了详细的答案解析，解释了每个问题的答案以及它们的含义和影响。
19.如何培养自我意识？
答案：A.写日记。
解释：写日记是一种有力的工具，可以帮助我们发展自我意识，因为它允许我们以有条理的方式反思我们的想法、感受和行为。通过将我们的经历和观察记录下来，我们可以更好地了解自己的个性和行为模式。此外，写日记还可以帮助我们确定需要改进的领域并制定个人成长目标。
20.写日记有哪些好处？
答案：B.它允许我们自由地表达我们的想法和感受。
解释：写日记的一个关键好处是我们可以在不受批评或指责的情况下安全地表达我们最深处的思想和情感。通过把我们的内心想法和情感记录在纸上，我们可以更好地了解自己并了解我们的驱动力。此外，写日记还可以帮助我们跟踪我们在个人成长方面取得的进展，使我们能够看到我们在个人成长方面走了多远。
21.哪种正念练习方法？
答案：B.冥想。
解释：正念练习如冥想鼓励我们专注于现在的时刻并更加注意我们的想法和感觉。通过培养正念，我们可以学会调节情绪、减轻压力，从而获得更好的整体健康状况。冥想包括静坐并集中注意力于呼吸或特定的注意力对象上。通过定期练习，我们可以训练我们的大脑变得更加专注和集中，这可以提高我们的心理健康水平。
22.正念练习如何有益于我们的心理健康？
答案：A.它可以减少压力和焦虑水平。
解释：正念练习如冥想已被证明可以减轻压力和焦虑水平，因为它们促进放松和平静感。当我们冥想时，我们可以学会放下消极的思维和情感，这可能会对我们的心理健康产生负面影响。通过专注于当前时刻，我们还可以减少纠结或担心过去或未来的可能性，这对我们的心理健康不利。总的来说，正念练习可以帮助我们在生活中获得更多的平静感和幸福感。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍太多照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的有计划地拍照。
23. A 目的意图题。通读第一段内容可知，本段描写了海边游玩的美好画面，人们会习惯性地拿出手机拍照留念，但拍照并不是人们所以为的保存记忆的完美方式，从而引出文章的主题。故选A。
24. C 推理判断题。通读第三段内容可知，拍照“外包”回忆包括两种方式：一是拍照时，我们放下了铭记此刻的责任，将之寄托于相机；二是我们因拍照而分心，完全错失了这一时刻。由此可推知，拍照“外包”了回忆是因为人们太过于依赖相机而不是自己的大脑。故选C。
25. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.”可知，当人们有目的地去做一件事时，照片是一种很好的工具，它能够帮助人们记住当下，而这是值得进一步探索的。由此可推知，接下来文章可能会探讨如何照相以便能更好地记忆。故选D。
26. D 标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了拍太多的照片不利于人们铭记瞬间的美好，作者鼓励人们应有目的有计划地拍照。由此可推知，D项“记住当下，合理拍照”概括了文章大意，是本文的最佳标题。故选D。
第三部分 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了11岁的Conrad是个动物爱好者。在得知当地的动物收容所境况不好后，他决定去广场用吉他为人们演奏歌曲来募集善款，以帮助该动物收容所渡过难关。他的行为得到了人们的认同。
41. B 根据常识可知，当这位年老的女士把20美元留在了他的帽子里时，11岁的Conrad应该是甜甜地微笑来回应女士的善心。suddenly意为“突然地”；sweetly意为“甜美地；温柔地”；purposely意为“故意地，蓄意地”；secretly意为“秘密地”。故选B。
42. A 根据下文的“the local town square”可知，此处指广场上的人们爱听Conrad唱歌。square意为“广场”；park意为“公园”；street意为“街道”；hall意为“大厅”。故选A。
43. D 根据下文“So he grabbed his guitar ...”中的guitar可知，此处指弹吉他。violin意为“小提琴”；piano意为“钢琴”；organ意为“风琴”；guitar意为“吉他”。故选D。
44. C 根据常识可知，此处指这个11岁的男孩不知道当地动物收容所确切需要多少钱。partly意为“部分地”；vaguely意为“含糊地”；exactly意为“准确地；确切地”；honestly意为“诚实地”。故选C。
45. B 根据空前的内容“His mother, Sandy, worked at the shelter ...”可知，Sandy在该动物收容所工作，所以她应该是一个积极的动物爱好者。passive意为“被动的”；active意为“积极的；活跃的”；strict意为“严格的；严厉的”；attractive意为“有魅力的”。故选B。
46. A 根据前后句的语义关系可以看出，此处表示转折。句意：然而，他最近听到他的母亲告诉一位朋友说该收容所的境况不好。however意为“然而；但是”；furthermore意为“而且；此外”；otherwise意为“否则；要不然”；therefore意为“因此”。故选A。
47. B 根据前一句提到的目前收容所的境况不好和常识可知，此处表达的应是“它完全靠捐款和资助艰难维持”。act on意为“对……起作用；对……有影响；按照……行动”；survive on意为“靠……生存”；concentrate on意为“集中（注意力）于”；keep on意为“继续”。故选B。
48. B 根据上文提到的收容所境况不好可知，此处表达的应是“没有多少捐款进账”。show up意为“出现；露面”；come in意为“（钱）被收到”；go on意为“继续”；get through意为“通过；完成”。故选B。
49. A 根据上文提到的收容所的状况不好和它靠着捐款和资助艰难维持可知，Conrad应是感到担忧。worried意为“担心的；担忧的”；annoyed意为“恼怒的”；panicked意为“惊慌的”；confused意为“困惑的”。故选A。
50. C 根据下文内容可知，此处表达的应是“他前往当地的城镇广场去唱歌和演奏”。look around意为“朝四周看”；go past意为“经过；过去；路过”；head for意为“朝着……行进”；wander about意为“四处游荡；到处徘徊”。故选C。
51. A 根据常识可知，有人在广场演唱并筹集善款时，为了引起路人的注意，此人会竖起一块指示牌，上面写上有关筹集资金的相关信息。sign意为“招牌；指示牌；标志”；signal意为“信号；暗号”；box意为“盒子”；bench意为“长凳”。故选A。
52. D 根据下文“... gave him mostly $1 and change ...”可知，此处应是指路人停下（脚步）给Conrad捐款。hesitate意为“犹豫”；pass意为“经过”；leave意为“离开”；stop意为“停下来”。故选D。
53. A 根据上文内容可知，这位善良年老的女士捐赠了20美元，与前面那些给他1美元或零钱的人来说，她是一个更慷慨大方的人。generous意为“慷慨的；大方的”；optimistic意为“乐观的”；energetic意为“精力旺盛的”；average意为“普通的；一般的”。故选A。
54. B 根据上文中的“... to raise money for the animal shelter ...”可知，此处表示“他继续在广场演奏歌曲，筹集善款”。count意为“计算总数”；raise意为“筹集”；save意为“储存”；earn“挣钱；赢得”。故选B。
55. C 根据语境可知，空处所选的词应与空处前后的selfless和caring所表达的情感相符。curious意为“好奇的”；serious意为“严肃的；认真的”；loving意为“富有爱心的”；unconcerned意为“冷淡的；漠视的”。故选C。
第四部分 短文填词（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
42.has been 43. to say 44. realizing 45. herself 46. when
47.frequently 48. kinds 49. an 50. unable 51. remains
第五部分 写作（满分20分）略福州市晋安区2023-2024学年高一上学期开学考试 英语
成卷时间： 2023 年 9 月 1 日
班级： 姓名： 座号： 成绩:___________
（满分100分，考试时间60分钟）
第一部分 单项填空(共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分)
从每小题所给的A、B、C、 D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（ ）1. Does Tom often play _____ football after _____ school
A．/, / B．/, the C．the, / D．a, a
（ ）2. How wonderful! The _____is made of _________.
A．house , glass B．house, glasses
C．houses, glass D．houses, glasses
（ ）3. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ______ to his office.
A．20 minutes’ walk B．20 minute’s walk
C．20-minutes walk D．20-minute walk
（ ）4. Uncle Tom asked David, Sam, ___ brothers and ___ three to help write the cards.
A．my, I B．my, me C．myself, I D．myself, me
（ ）5.The man ______ Mary was so tall that she could hardly see the show.
A．in front of B．in the front of
C．at the back of D．at the beginning of
（ ）6. The garden _______while the Greens were away from home.
A. took good care of B．was taken good care
C．was taken good care of D．was taking good care
（ ）7. ——Have you finished ___the book
——Not yet. I’ll try ___it to you before Friday.
A．reading, returning B．to read, to return
C．reading, to return D. to read, returning
（ ）8. Many people watched the boys ____ the mountain at that time.
A．climb B．climbing C．to climb D．climbed
（ ）9. India had the second ____population in the world.
A．largest B．larger C．most D．smallest
（ ）10. ——____I put my coat here
——Sorry, you ______.
A．Must; mustn’t B．Do; don’t C．can; needn’t D．May; can’t
（ ）11. Tom wants to try _____some of his ideas.
A．on B．off C．out D．to
（ ）12. Could you tell me if it _____tomorrow
A. rain B．will rain C．raining D．rains
（ ）13.Do you know ______ at the bus stop
A. whom they are waiting for B．who they are waiting
C． whom are they waiting for D．who are they waiting
（ ）14. The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes ______.
A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed
（ ）15. ______ there any good news in today’s newspaper
A．Are B．Is C．Have D．Has
第二部分 阅读理解（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）
A
Four Most Popular Books
Emily’s House
by Amy Belding Brown
Margaret Maher works as the servant in the family home of poet Emily Dickinson, cleaning, cooking, and defending her hostess from prying (窥探) eyes. Margaret’s special voice brings this novel to life; it’s a viewpoint full of honesty, humor, and clever observations.
All In
by Billie Jean King
The tennis champion writes about her life with self-awareness, while not underplaying her role as a trailblazer (先驱) for women’s rights. She isn’t satisfied with her younger self for feeling a need to hide her sexual identity to safeguard her
career, and touches on the damage that secret caused.
Pastoral Song
by James Rebanks
English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals, preserving habitat, caring for the environment, and helping small farmers all at the same time.
Agatha of Little Neon
by Claire Luchette
This is a novel about desire and sisterhood, figuring out how you fit in (or don’t), and the unexpected friends who help you find your truest self.
Agatha is one of four young nuns (修女), who tend to the residents of Little Neon, a house in Rhode Island. She has lived every day of the last nine years with her sisters: they work together, laugh together and pray together. Their world is contained within the little house they share. The four of them are devoted to Mother Roberta and to their quiet, purposeful life.
16. Who will probably be interested in the book Emily’s House
A. Those who support women’s rights.
B. Those who love poetry.
C. Those who are fond of nature.
D. Those who like playing tennis.
17. Which book refers to the way to keep animals
A. Emily’s House. B. All In.
C. Pastoral Song. D. Agatha of Little Neon.
18. Who wrote the book telling the story of four sisters
A. Amy Belding Brown. B. Billie Jean King.
C. James Rebanks. D. Claire Luchette.
B
The world is a complex and ever-changing place, full of challenges and opportunities. In order to navigate this world successfully, it is important to have a strong sense of self-awareness（自我意识） and the ability to adapt to new situations. This can be achieved through personal growth and development, as well as by seeking out new experiences and perspectives.
One way to cultivate（培养） self-awareness is through journaling. By reflecting on our thoughts, feelings, and actions, we can gain insights into our own personality and behavior patterns. Journaling can also help us identify areas for improvement and set goals for personal growth.
Another way to develop self-awareness is through mindfulness practices（正念练习） such as meditation or yoga. These practices encourage us to focus on the present moment and become more aware of our thoughts and sensations. By cultivating mindfulness, we can learn to regulate our emotions and reduce stress, leading to greater overall well-being.
19. What is one way to cultivate self-awareness
A. Keeping a diary.
B. Traveling to new places.
C. Spending time with friends.
D. Watching TV shows.
20. What are some benefits of journaling
A. It helps us relax and unwind.
B. It allows us to express our thoughts and feelings freely.
C. It improves our memory and concentration skills.
D. It enhances our creativity and imagination.
21. What is one type of mindfulness practice
A. Yoga. B. Meditation.
C. Reading books. D. Listening to music.
22. How does mindfulness practice benefit our mental health
A. It reduces stress and anxiety levels.
B. It improves our memory and concentration skills.
C. It enhances our creativity and imagination.
D. It helps us relax and unwind.
C
The sun is setting, brightening your kids’ faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here’s a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain’s ability to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California, Irvine. So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photography “outsources” memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we’re so distracted (分散注意力的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory. People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they don’t try to remember. Similarly, if you write down someone’s phone number, you’re less likely to remember it offhand because your brain tells you there’s just no need. That’s all well and good — until that piece of paper goes missing.
The other is distraction. We’re distracted by the process of taking a photo — how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However, taking photos can benefit memory — when done mindfully. While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual (视觉的) details around has some upsides. When people take the time to zoom in (拉近镜头) on specific things, memories become strengthened.
Another benefit is that we recall moments more accurately (准确的) with the photos. Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences. Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.
23. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To make us think of similar experience.
C. To show the interest in taking photos.
D. To call on readers not to take photos.
24. Why does photography “outsource” memories
A. Taking photos is helpful for us to memorize.
B. Photos are more detailed than memories.
C. People depend more on photos to remember than their brains.
D. Many sources influence people’s memories during photo-taking.
25. What may likely be discussed next
A. Situations when taking photos is better.
B. When distraction is most likely to happen.
C. How to stay focused while taking photos.
D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.
26. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. Photography or Memories
B. Photography Does Help to Memories
C. The Fewer Photos We Take, the Better We Will Remember
D. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
第三部分 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“You’re very talented, dear. I hope everything turns out great. I’ll tell my friends about the animal shelter (避难处),” a kind old lady told Conrad, who smiled 27 as she left $20 in his hat.
Conrad was proud of what he was doing and people in the 28 loved hearing him sing and play his 29 . The 11-year-old didn’t know 30 how much money the local animal shelter needed.
His mother, Sandy, worked at the shelter and had always been a(n) 31 animal lover. Therefore, he grew to be fond of animals as well. 32 , he recently heard his mother telling a friend that the shelter was not doing well. It 33 purely on donations, and not much donations were 34 . This made the boy very 35 . So he grabbed his guitar and 36 the local town square to sing and play.
He placed a 37 to tell people he was doing it to raise money for the animal shelter, which helped greatly. People 38 and gave him mostly $1 and change, and others, such as the kind old lady, were more 39 . He was grateful to everyone and continued playing songs and 40 money.
Raise your kids to love animals, and they’ll be better people. Caring for innocent animals makes people more selfless, 41 and caring. That’s why Conrad used his skills to raise funds, knowing how vital the shelter was.
27. A. suddenly B. sweetly C. purposely D. secretly
28. A. square B. park C. street D. hall
29. A. violin B. piano C. organ D. guitar
30. A. partly B. vaguely C. exactly D. honestly
31. A. passive B. active C. strict D. attractive
32. A. However B. Furthermore C. Otherwise D. Therefore
33. A. acted B. survived C. concentrated D. kept
34. A. showing up B. coming in C. going on D. getting through
35. A. worried B. annoyed C. panicked D. confused
36. A. looked around B. went past C. headed for D. wandered about
37. A. sign B. signal C. box D. bench
38. A. hesitated B. passed C. left D. stopped
39. A. generous B. optimistic C. energetic D. average
40. A. counting B. raising C. saving D. earning
41. A. curious B. serious C. loving D. unconcerned
第四部分 短文填词（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Respectable Watermelon Expert
China 42. （be）the largest producer and consumer of watermelons in the world since 2018. And Wu Mingzhu, 92 years old now, is the unsung hero who has helped make this possible. It's fair 43. （say） that about 80 percent of the watermelons served at people's dining tables every day are the result of great efforts made by Wu and her team over more than 60 years.
Admitted to Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in the late 1940s, Wu is an alumnus（校友） of Yuan Longping，the "father of hybrid rice". After two years of application failures, Wu succeeded in 44. （realize）her dream of starting her career in Xinjiang in 1955. Since then, she has put 45. （she）to growing sweet melons.
Wu's efforts to grow quality melons began paying off in 1973, 46. she set up an offseason growing base in Hainan. Going and returning between Xinjiang and Hainan 47. （frequent）for many years , Wu developed more than 20,000 of China's new seed 48. （kind）through offseason growing.
Wu's contribution has won her many praises. She became 49. member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1999 and an honorary citizen of Sanya in 2004. In addition, growers call her the “Queen of Melons”.
Now suffering from Alzheimer's （阿尔兹海默）disease, Wu is often 50. （able）to recognize her former colleagues or even her family members. However, the memory of her melon work 51. （remain）in her mind.
第五部分 写作（满分20分）
假如你是李华，新学期开始，你来到了新的学校，开启了崭新的高中生活。请你给远在新西兰的笔友Bill写一封信，和他分享你的感受。要点如下：
新学校的环境；
新同学新老师给你的印象；
3. 你对高中生活的期待。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bill,
How is everything recently
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Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
