河南省郑州市基石中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
STEM Summer Programs for High School Students
STEM is a term that stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Here is a list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.
Future Matters Program
It is an eight-week paid summer research experience for high school students. This is a hands-on program for worldwide students interested in going after a career in medical research. Students will attend seminars led by faculty and participate in discussions with peers.
Simons Summer Research
It is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University. Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events. They will conclude the program by producing a written research abstract and research poster.
Research Science Institute
It is the first cost-free program of its kind. During this seven-week program, students will dive deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle. In this program, students attend classes conducted by famous professors and prepare oral presentations to present their research.
Program in Math for Young Scientists
This program is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the globe. Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study. Besides learning, there is also "mandatory (强制)fun time" built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related activities.
1．Which program will be summarized with written material
A．Future Matters Program.
B．Simons Summer Research.
C．Research Science Institute.
D．Program in Math for Young Scientists.
2．What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common
A．Expense. B．Requirement. C．Duration. D．Content.
3．What's special in Program in Math for Young Scientists
A．Cultivating independent sill. B．Attending non-math activities.
C．Enrolling international students. D．Tailoring personal schedules.
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
阅读理解
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain--a fairly gentle 3,900-foot peak. I was overweight at the time and out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved challenging myself. Soon I'd climbed nearly 100 peaks. My parents were happy I'd finally found a hobby.
I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen. She and I drove to tackle 11, 240-foot Mount Hood. It's safer to start winter climbs at night when there's less risk of the sun melting the snowpack. That day, we started at 3 a. m. At around9 a. m., we reached an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall and sloped al a 75-degree angle. 1 volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
I gained a sense of the ice when 1 stuck my ax and crampons (鞋底钉) into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a crack, and as the snowpack became thinner, a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
In an instant, I fell backward, bouncing off the rock face and rolling down the mountain as if I were a character in a video game. I remember thinking, This is it. You're done. I stuck out my arms and legs, grabbing at anything. That stopped my rolling down the mountain, but I was still sliding, After 2 few seconds, I came to a stop on a shallow slope.
I asked myself: Where are you Mount Hood. What's the date December 30. Good. My brain was functioning. Then I checked my body to see where I was hurt. For the most part, I was fine, except that I was suffering from a sharp pain in my left leg. Later I'd learn that I'd broken my femur (大腿骨) and that the bone was slicing into my skin and muscle.
At the bottom of Mount Hood, I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to a hospital. The doctors told me it would be a year before I could climb again, but I was back on the trails within six months.
4．Why did the author and her friend set out at 3 a. m.
A．It was the best time to enjoy scenery.
B．It was more challenging to climb at night.
C．They wanted to finish the climb before sunset.
D．They hoped to avoid some possible dangers.
5．Why is "a character in a video game" mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To show her strong character.
B．To make her idea more convincing.
C．To help readers imagine the scene.
D．To add to the humor of the description.
6．How did the author make sure she could still think clearly
A．By recalling what had happened.
B．By checking whether she was injured.
C．By calling an ambulance for rescue.
D．By asking herself some factual questions.
7．What can we learn about the author
A．She is too brave to pay attention to any danger.
B．R She has a strong desire for professional knowledge.
C．Setbacks can't stop her from challenging herself.
D．The love for nature sets her apart from her friends.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
阅读理解
Have you ever seen a car without a driver It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you. Tech companies around the world have been designing and testing driverless vehicles and the technology is available already.
So, how do they work The cars are covered in sensors that can detect other cars and obstacles on the road. Sensors on the wheels also help when parking. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems are used. Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information and processes this to work out when to accelerate, brake and steer. All you have to do is type in the destination.
Sounds like your idea of heaven Sitting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film while "driving" will all be possible with this new technology. In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans, meaning emissions can be reduced. They also drive more safely than people—they don't get distracted by music or friends, they obey the speed limit and they have quicker reaction times in case of an emergency.
However, there are still many drawbacks of driverless puters will have difficulties making ethical (道德上的) decisions. If a child ran out into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn aside sharply and potentially hurt the car's passengers instead Moreover, I personally find driving fun. I'd miss never being behind the wheel myself. There would also be legal questions. Should children or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves Or would there need to be a responsible adult with a driving licence in the car at all times
Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, many people would be put out of a job by the popularization of driverless cars. Bus, taxi and train drivers would be made unwanted.
I'm not convinced I'd want a driverless car, but it's only a matter of time before they'll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads.
8．What do you need to do when using a driverless car
A．Control the sensors.
B．Read the road signs carefully.
C．Check the satellite navigation systems.
D．Put the address into the computer.
9．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us about driverless cars
A．Their emissions.
B．Their advantages.
C．Their testing process.
D．Their reaction to an emergency.
10．How does the author analyze the shortcomings of driverless cars
A．By making a comparison.
B．By analyzing their harmful effects.
C．By raising some questions.
D．By sharing personal experiences.
11．What does the author think of future driverless cars
A．They will be less expensive.
B．They will consume less energy.
C．They will do more harm than good.
D．They will be more strictly controlled.
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
阅读理解
The impact of the man-made climate crisis on Antarctica is scientifically undeniable: stable ice shelves are retreating, air temperature increased by 3 degrees Celsius. krill(磷虾)numbers are declining, melting ice is contributing to sea level rise, and polar bears and seals are getting displaced. "Antarctic biodiversity could decline substantially by the end of the century if we continue with business as usual." Jasmine Rachael Lee, lead author of the University of Queensland study says.
Published in the journal PLOS Biology, the study finds population declines are likely for 65% of the continent's plants and wildlife by the year 2100. The most vulnerable(脆弱的)species is the Emperor penguins. In October 2022, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed Emperor penguins as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act(ESA), as experts predict the flightless seabird will see a 26% to 47% dip in its population by 2050. "This listing reflects the growing extinction crisis and highlights the importance of the ESA and efforts to conserve species before population declines become irreversible(不可逆转)." said Service Director Martha Williams at the time.
Aside from Emperor penguins, other Antarctic specialists, like the Adélie penguin and dry soil nematodes, were also highly vulnerable. We urgently need a combination of global and local conservation action to best conserve Antarctic species. Global action and global voices to help relieve climate change—because the biggest threat to Antarctica is coming from outside of it. And then we need local actions to help protect biodiversity against local threats and give them the best chance of adapting to climate changes. This will help to save our iconic(代表性的)species like the Emperor penguins and all of Antarctica's unique and highly adapted inhabitants. It will also help humankind, as we rely heavily on the priceless services the Antarctic provides in regulating our climate and capturing sea level in its ice sheets.
12．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A．The impact of climate crisis is usually denied.
B．Conservation efforts are badly needed.
C．Air temperature on Antarctic increases 3℃annually.
D．Sea level rise results in seabirds losing their habitats.
13．Why is the Emperor penguin mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To serve as a call to protect wildlife on Antarctic
B．To reflect the growing population of wild species.
C．To prove the effectiveness of the Endangered Species Act.
D．To highlight the severe impact of rising temperature.
14．What is probably the best conservation policy
A．Reducing the chances of making a trip to Antarctic.
B．Making joint efforts to relieve climate change.
C．Attempting to provide essential nutrients to the ecosystem.
D．Continuing to carry forward the Endangered Species Act.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Plants and Wildlife on Antarctica Will Decline Quickly
B．Antarctic Species Are Vulnerable to Human Threats
C．More Action Should Be Taken to Protect Wildlife on Antarctica
D．The Best Conservation Strategy Will Be Carried Out Soon
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．B
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
二、阅读理解 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We often try to save money for a variety of different reasons. It might be to save up for a new computer or put money aside into a rainy-day fund. 16． , but a recent study showed that over half of all 22~29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all. Did they max out on too many things, or are there other factors And how can we become better savers
First, put a stop to those impulse buys. 17． , even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain. Impulse buys are done in the heat of the moment and without thought for what it's costing you. Encouraging yourself to question your purchase before you buy allows you to process what you are doing.
18． . Withdraw cash before you go to a restaurant or shopping and set a fixed budget you must stick to. Also, any change that comes from your transactions when you're using cash can be put in jar and deposited into your account.
Finally, be disciplined. 19． . It's about sticking to it, too. You shouldn't be dipping into your savings every time you feel like it. Setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings the moment you receive your salary will ensure you keep up the habit. 20． .
Just as the old saying goes: "A penny saved is a penny earned." These are some of the actions we can take to help us all become better savers.
A. Learning how to save is important
B. Ask about discounts and pay in cash
C. It's not just about creating that budget
D. Sometimes, saving money can be difficult
E. Another way is to use cash rather than card
F. Ask yourself if you really need to buy something
G. Successful savers stick to their plans and watch the money pile up
【答案】16．A；17．F；18．E；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
三、语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one's lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is 21． oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your 22． . When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one's 23． and weaknesses. You may 24． hopefully to the future but be sure not to 25． too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be 26． to meet challenges but it should be clear to you 27． to direct your efforts. That's to say, so long as you have a perfect 28． of yourself, there won't be difficulties you can't overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of 29． . If you earnestly admire yourself you'll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. 30． you gain full confidence in yourself, you'll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it's needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won't be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by 31． it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. 32． you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won't be confident and ready enough to 33． the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that's vulnerable when 34． to the elements. So if you fall ill, it's up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full 35． of one's life. Then one will find one's life full of color and flavor.
21．A．Permanently B． previously C． precisely D． perfectly
22．A． reach B． budget C． development D． brain
23．A． shortage B． disadvantage C． strength D． limitations
24．A． look u B． look back
C． look forward D． look down
25．A． expect B． analyze C． inspect D． dream
26．A． honest B． comprehensive
C． courageou D． delicate
27．A． what B． which C． how D． where
28．A． image B． knowledge C． system D． memory
29．A． attack B． criticism C． popularity D． existence
30．A．As much a B． As soon a
C． As far a D． As well as
31．A． quarreling B． arguing C． sharing D． blaming
32．A． Unle B． Once C． Since D． If
33．A． recall B． restore C． restart D． resist
34．A． exchanged B． exposed C． experienced D． exported
35．A． mark B． control C． account D． Recovery
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．C；24．C；25．A；26．C；27．D；28．B；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．A；33．D；34．B；35．B
【知识点】学习教育类；议论文
四、语言知识运用 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown, Beijing, a village pops up. It 36． (house) a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and Beijing Long zaitian Shadow Puppet Theater.
Shadow puppetry is seen 37． the prequel (先行篇) to film and animation in China. Besides performances 38． (create) by light and shadow, performers must master a 39． (vary) skill set as the plays combine painting, carving, opera and literature. But due to low revenue and a small market, young people are unwilling 40． (learn) shadow puppetry.
41． , this particular troupe stands out from the crowd. Average performer age is only 25. Moreover, of the 300 performers 42． has trained over the years, many are under 1.4 m in 43． (high). In 2021, the team created Winter Olympics-themed shadow pupets. The troupe also staged different plays 44． (introduce) ice and snow sports through fairy tales.
" 45． (fortunate), we have these people. They have been devoted to the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade,"said Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western School Shadow Puppetry.
【答案】36．houses；37．as；38．created；39．various/varied；40．to learn；41．However；42．it；43．height；44．introducing；45．Fortunately
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
五、写作 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46．你校将举行英语作文比赛。请你以"Benefits of Exercising Regularly"为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：定期运动的好处；你的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Benefits of Exercising Regularly
【答案】Benefits of Exercising Regularly
Doing exercise on a regular basis is necessary in our daily life. For one thing, not only can regular exercise help us keep a healthy bodyweight, sleep better and reduce our health risks, but it can strengthen our bones and muscles as well, thus enabling us to build a strong body. For another, exercising regularly helps keep our thinking and judgment sharp as we age. It can also reduce our risk of depression and anxiety.
As far as I'm concerned, however busy we are, we should try every means to spare a certain amount of time forexercise. Only in this way can we stay healthy both physically and mentally.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
六、写作 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分）
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic-size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn't feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy.
I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I'd not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practise the dives.
Now, it was another Monday morning — the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms. Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive— the jackknife. And she added, "This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practise diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again."
My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practised before.
Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it's just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving.
Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping. The teacher announced that it was my turn.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
With my heart beating wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end.
Paragraph 2:
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed.
【答案】Paragraph 1:
With my heart beating wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end. Looking down, I found all my classmates were looking up at me. My face suddenly felt hot. Finally, I ignored them. Picturing the four steps of diving, I jumped. Then I folded my body but failed to reach for my toes. And instead of entering the water like an arrow, I fell into the water, with my body being flat. As a result, it caused a huge sound, which made all the classmates burst out laughing.
Paragraph 2:
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. After class, Ms. Robbins comforted and encouraged me. In the many following Monday mornings, I practised again and again under her guidance. Gradually, I became more confident and less shy. Finally, I attended the diving test again and performed well. This time, my classmates cheered and clapped. I was so glad. I knew my success resulted from beating my shyness and hard practice.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
1 / 1河南省郑州市基石中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
STEM Summer Programs for High School Students
STEM is a term that stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Here is a list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.
Future Matters Program
It is an eight-week paid summer research experience for high school students. This is a hands-on program for worldwide students interested in going after a career in medical research. Students will attend seminars led by faculty and participate in discussions with peers.
Simons Summer Research
It is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University. Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events. They will conclude the program by producing a written research abstract and research poster.
Research Science Institute
It is the first cost-free program of its kind. During this seven-week program, students will dive deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle. In this program, students attend classes conducted by famous professors and prepare oral presentations to present their research.
Program in Math for Young Scientists
This program is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the globe. Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study. Besides learning, there is also "mandatory (强制)fun time" built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related activities.
1．Which program will be summarized with written material
A．Future Matters Program.
B．Simons Summer Research.
C．Research Science Institute.
D．Program in Math for Young Scientists.
2．What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common
A．Expense. B．Requirement. C．Duration. D．Content.
3．What's special in Program in Math for Young Scientists
A．Cultivating independent sill. B．Attending non-math activities.
C．Enrolling international students. D．Tailoring personal schedules.
阅读理解
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain--a fairly gentle 3,900-foot peak. I was overweight at the time and out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved challenging myself. Soon I'd climbed nearly 100 peaks. My parents were happy I'd finally found a hobby.
I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen. She and I drove to tackle 11, 240-foot Mount Hood. It's safer to start winter climbs at night when there's less risk of the sun melting the snowpack. That day, we started at 3 a. m. At around9 a. m., we reached an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall and sloped al a 75-degree angle. 1 volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
I gained a sense of the ice when 1 stuck my ax and crampons (鞋底钉) into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a crack, and as the snowpack became thinner, a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
In an instant, I fell backward, bouncing off the rock face and rolling down the mountain as if I were a character in a video game. I remember thinking, This is it. You're done. I stuck out my arms and legs, grabbing at anything. That stopped my rolling down the mountain, but I was still sliding, After 2 few seconds, I came to a stop on a shallow slope.
I asked myself: Where are you Mount Hood. What's the date December 30. Good. My brain was functioning. Then I checked my body to see where I was hurt. For the most part, I was fine, except that I was suffering from a sharp pain in my left leg. Later I'd learn that I'd broken my femur (大腿骨) and that the bone was slicing into my skin and muscle.
At the bottom of Mount Hood, I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to a hospital. The doctors told me it would be a year before I could climb again, but I was back on the trails within six months.
4．Why did the author and her friend set out at 3 a. m.
A．It was the best time to enjoy scenery.
B．It was more challenging to climb at night.
C．They wanted to finish the climb before sunset.
D．They hoped to avoid some possible dangers.
5．Why is "a character in a video game" mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To show her strong character.
B．To make her idea more convincing.
C．To help readers imagine the scene.
D．To add to the humor of the description.
6．How did the author make sure she could still think clearly
A．By recalling what had happened.
B．By checking whether she was injured.
C．By calling an ambulance for rescue.
D．By asking herself some factual questions.
7．What can we learn about the author
A．She is too brave to pay attention to any danger.
B．R She has a strong desire for professional knowledge.
C．Setbacks can't stop her from challenging herself.
D．The love for nature sets her apart from her friends.
阅读理解
Have you ever seen a car without a driver It sounds crazy, but these computer-driven driverless cars will soon be filling roads near you. Tech companies around the world have been designing and testing driverless vehicles and the technology is available already.
So, how do they work The cars are covered in sensors that can detect other cars and obstacles on the road. Sensors on the wheels also help when parking. Road signs are read by cameras, and satellite navigation systems are used. Finally, a central computer system takes in all the information and processes this to work out when to accelerate, brake and steer. All you have to do is type in the destination.
Sounds like your idea of heaven Sitting back, looking out of the windows and even watching a film while "driving" will all be possible with this new technology. In addition, computers are generally more efficient drivers than humans, meaning emissions can be reduced. They also drive more safely than people—they don't get distracted by music or friends, they obey the speed limit and they have quicker reaction times in case of an emergency.
However, there are still many drawbacks of driverless puters will have difficulties making ethical (道德上的) decisions. If a child ran out into the road, would the computer choose to hit the child or turn aside sharply and potentially hurt the car's passengers instead Moreover, I personally find driving fun. I'd miss never being behind the wheel myself. There would also be legal questions. Should children or drunk people, be allowed in a driverless car by themselves Or would there need to be a responsible adult with a driving licence in the car at all times
Although being driven around by a machine would perhaps mean that no one needs a driving license, many people would be put out of a job by the popularization of driverless cars. Bus, taxi and train drivers would be made unwanted.
I'm not convinced I'd want a driverless car, but it's only a matter of time before they'll become more affordable and commonplace on our roads.
8．What do you need to do when using a driverless car
A．Control the sensors.
B．Read the road signs carefully.
C．Check the satellite navigation systems.
D．Put the address into the computer.
9．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us about driverless cars
A．Their emissions.
B．Their advantages.
C．Their testing process.
D．Their reaction to an emergency.
10．How does the author analyze the shortcomings of driverless cars
A．By making a comparison.
B．By analyzing their harmful effects.
C．By raising some questions.
D．By sharing personal experiences.
11．What does the author think of future driverless cars
A．They will be less expensive.
B．They will consume less energy.
C．They will do more harm than good.
D．They will be more strictly controlled.
阅读理解
The impact of the man-made climate crisis on Antarctica is scientifically undeniable: stable ice shelves are retreating, air temperature increased by 3 degrees Celsius. krill(磷虾)numbers are declining, melting ice is contributing to sea level rise, and polar bears and seals are getting displaced. "Antarctic biodiversity could decline substantially by the end of the century if we continue with business as usual." Jasmine Rachael Lee, lead author of the University of Queensland study says.
Published in the journal PLOS Biology, the study finds population declines are likely for 65% of the continent's plants and wildlife by the year 2100. The most vulnerable(脆弱的)species is the Emperor penguins. In October 2022, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed Emperor penguins as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act(ESA), as experts predict the flightless seabird will see a 26% to 47% dip in its population by 2050. "This listing reflects the growing extinction crisis and highlights the importance of the ESA and efforts to conserve species before population declines become irreversible(不可逆转)." said Service Director Martha Williams at the time.
Aside from Emperor penguins, other Antarctic specialists, like the Adélie penguin and dry soil nematodes, were also highly vulnerable. We urgently need a combination of global and local conservation action to best conserve Antarctic species. Global action and global voices to help relieve climate change—because the biggest threat to Antarctica is coming from outside of it. And then we need local actions to help protect biodiversity against local threats and give them the best chance of adapting to climate changes. This will help to save our iconic(代表性的)species like the Emperor penguins and all of Antarctica's unique and highly adapted inhabitants. It will also help humankind, as we rely heavily on the priceless services the Antarctic provides in regulating our climate and capturing sea level in its ice sheets.
12．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A．The impact of climate crisis is usually denied.
B．Conservation efforts are badly needed.
C．Air temperature on Antarctic increases 3℃annually.
D．Sea level rise results in seabirds losing their habitats.
13．Why is the Emperor penguin mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To serve as a call to protect wildlife on Antarctic
B．To reflect the growing population of wild species.
C．To prove the effectiveness of the Endangered Species Act.
D．To highlight the severe impact of rising temperature.
14．What is probably the best conservation policy
A．Reducing the chances of making a trip to Antarctic.
B．Making joint efforts to relieve climate change.
C．Attempting to provide essential nutrients to the ecosystem.
D．Continuing to carry forward the Endangered Species Act.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Plants and Wildlife on Antarctica Will Decline Quickly
B．Antarctic Species Are Vulnerable to Human Threats
C．More Action Should Be Taken to Protect Wildlife on Antarctica
D．The Best Conservation Strategy Will Be Carried Out Soon
二、阅读理解 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We often try to save money for a variety of different reasons. It might be to save up for a new computer or put money aside into a rainy-day fund. 16． , but a recent study showed that over half of all 22~29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all. Did they max out on too many things, or are there other factors And how can we become better savers
First, put a stop to those impulse buys. 17． , even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain. Impulse buys are done in the heat of the moment and without thought for what it's costing you. Encouraging yourself to question your purchase before you buy allows you to process what you are doing.
18． . Withdraw cash before you go to a restaurant or shopping and set a fixed budget you must stick to. Also, any change that comes from your transactions when you're using cash can be put in jar and deposited into your account.
Finally, be disciplined. 19． . It's about sticking to it, too. You shouldn't be dipping into your savings every time you feel like it. Setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings the moment you receive your salary will ensure you keep up the habit. 20． .
Just as the old saying goes: "A penny saved is a penny earned." These are some of the actions we can take to help us all become better savers.
A. Learning how to save is important
B. Ask about discounts and pay in cash
C. It's not just about creating that budget
D. Sometimes, saving money can be difficult
E. Another way is to use cash rather than card
F. Ask yourself if you really need to buy something
G. Successful savers stick to their plans and watch the money pile up
三、语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one's lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is 21． oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your 22． . When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one's 23． and weaknesses. You may 24． hopefully to the future but be sure not to 25． too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be 26． to meet challenges but it should be clear to you 27． to direct your efforts. That's to say, so long as you have a perfect 28． of yourself, there won't be difficulties you can't overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of 29． . If you earnestly admire yourself you'll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. 30． you gain full confidence in yourself, you'll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it's needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won't be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by 31． it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. 32． you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won't be confident and ready enough to 33． the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that's vulnerable when 34． to the elements. So if you fall ill, it's up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full 35． of one's life. Then one will find one's life full of color and flavor.
21．A．Permanently B． previously C． precisely D． perfectly
22．A． reach B． budget C． development D． brain
23．A． shortage B． disadvantage C． strength D． limitations
24．A． look u B． look back
C． look forward D． look down
25．A． expect B． analyze C． inspect D． dream
26．A． honest B． comprehensive
C． courageou D． delicate
27．A． what B． which C． how D． where
28．A． image B． knowledge C． system D． memory
29．A． attack B． criticism C． popularity D． existence
30．A．As much a B． As soon a
C． As far a D． As well as
31．A． quarreling B． arguing C． sharing D． blaming
32．A． Unle B． Once C． Since D． If
33．A． recall B． restore C． restart D． resist
34．A． exchanged B． exposed C． experienced D． exported
35．A． mark B． control C． account D． Recovery
四、语言知识运用 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown, Beijing, a village pops up. It 36． (house) a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and Beijing Long zaitian Shadow Puppet Theater.
Shadow puppetry is seen 37． the prequel (先行篇) to film and animation in China. Besides performances 38． (create) by light and shadow, performers must master a 39． (vary) skill set as the plays combine painting, carving, opera and literature. But due to low revenue and a small market, young people are unwilling 40． (learn) shadow puppetry.
41． , this particular troupe stands out from the crowd. Average performer age is only 25. Moreover, of the 300 performers 42． has trained over the years, many are under 1.4 m in 43． (high). In 2021, the team created Winter Olympics-themed shadow pupets. The troupe also staged different plays 44． (introduce) ice and snow sports through fairy tales.
" 45． (fortunate), we have these people. They have been devoted to the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade,"said Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western School Shadow Puppetry.
五、写作 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46．你校将举行英语作文比赛。请你以"Benefits of Exercising Regularly"为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：定期运动的好处；你的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Benefits of Exercising Regularly
六、写作 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分）
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic-size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn't feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy.
I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I'd not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practise the dives.
Now, it was another Monday morning — the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms. Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive— the jackknife. And she added, "This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practise diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again."
My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practised before.
Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it's just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving.
Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping. The teacher announced that it was my turn.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
With my heart beating wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end.
Paragraph 2:
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．D
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．D
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．B
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【答案】16．A；17．F；18．E；19．C；20．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．C；24．C；25．A；26．C；27．D；28．B；29．D；30．B；31．C；32．A；33．D；34．B；35．B
【知识点】学习教育类；议论文
【答案】36．houses；37．as；38．created；39．various/varied；40．to learn；41．However；42．it；43．height；44．introducing；45．Fortunately
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
46．【答案】Benefits of Exercising Regularly
Doing exercise on a regular basis is necessary in our daily life. For one thing, not only can regular exercise help us keep a healthy bodyweight, sleep better and reduce our health risks, but it can strengthen our bones and muscles as well, thus enabling us to build a strong body. For another, exercising regularly helps keep our thinking and judgment sharp as we age. It can also reduce our risk of depression and anxiety.
As far as I'm concerned, however busy we are, we should try every means to spare a certain amount of time forexercise. Only in this way can we stay healthy both physically and mentally.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
47．【答案】Paragraph 1:
With my heart beating wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end. Looking down, I found all my classmates were looking up at me. My face suddenly felt hot. Finally, I ignored them. Picturing the four steps of diving, I jumped. Then I folded my body but failed to reach for my toes. And instead of entering the water like an arrow, I fell into the water, with my body being flat. As a result, it caused a huge sound, which made all the classmates burst out laughing.
Paragraph 2:
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. After class, Ms. Robbins comforted and encouraged me. In the many following Monday mornings, I practised again and again under her guidance. Gradually, I became more confident and less shy. Finally, I attended the diving test again and performed well. This time, my classmates cheered and clapped. I was so glad. I knew my success resulted from beating my shyness and hard practice.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
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