2022-2023学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2022-2023学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 55.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-11 14:34:10 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2022-2023学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers.It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options.Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining.Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary （烹饪的） experiences.It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word's 50 best restaurants list.Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name，opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issays Stamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef lan Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant.The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.Lan
Bo.Lan has been making waves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009.Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere，the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots，yet still manages to add a special twist.This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.For those extremely hungry there's a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the lates "Asia's 50 best restaurants" list，progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues（场所） to arrive in Bangkok in recent years.The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen，where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.Culinary theater at its best.
1. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common？ ______
A They adopt modern cooking methods.
A. They have branches in London.
B. They have top - class chefs.
C. They are based in hotels.
2. Which restaurant offers a large set menu？ ______
A. Gaggan. B. Bo.Lan.
C. Issaya Siamese Club. D. Nahm.
3. What is special about Gaggan？ ______
A. It hires staff from India.
B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes.
D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
B
In this digital age，people measure their popularity by the number of "likes" and followers they get on social media.But as it turns out，people are happier when their friends are of high quality rather than huge quantity.
Scientists from the University of Leeds in the UK studied data from two online surveys of nearly 1，500 people.Those who took the survey gave details about their age，social interactions，and how satisfied they were with their social lives.The researchers found that those who had a small number of close friends generally tended to be happier than those who had a large number of superficial （关系浅表的） friends.
"Loneliness has less to do with the number of friends you have，and more to do with how you feel about your friends，" said Bruine de Bruin，one of the researchers.
He found that older people tended to have smaller social circles than young people，but the people in these circles tended to be closer to them.He also found that younger people tended to have larger social circles that were made up of "peripheral（次要的） others"— people who are not their true friends，but just the ones they know.These people had no influence on their happiness.
The results of the study show that the opinion society has about old people being sad and lonely might not be accurate.
"The research shows that older adults' smaller networks don't decrease their social satisfaction and happiness.In fact，older adults tend to report a better sense of well-being than younger adults，" said Bruine de Bruin.
4. According to the study，people tend to be happier when they ______ .
A. have friends of huge quantity
B. have a small circle of close friends
C. have a lot of followers on social media
D. make friends with older people
5. What do we know from paragraph 4？ ______
A. Older people's friends seem to be of higher quality.
B. Younger people don't need to make peripheral friends.
C. Older people's happiness has nothing to do with their friends.
D. Both older and younger people find it hard to make close friends.
6. Which word might Bruine de Bruin use to describe older adults？ ______
A. Sad. B. Happy. C. Lonely. D. Concerned.
7. What is the focus of this article？ ______
A. Different types of friends in one's life.
B. Changes in people's happiness levels.
C. Interactions between older and younger people.
D. The relationship between happiness and the quality and quantity of friends.
C
As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park -goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding （编码） experiences into different categories.For example，one participant's experience of "We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while" was assigned the categories "sitting at beach" and "listening to waves."
Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
"We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，" said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.
8. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text？ ______
A. Pocket parks are now popular.
B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C. Many cities are overpopulated.
D. People enjoy living close to nature.
9. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories？ ______
A. To compare different types of park-goers.
B. To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C. To analyze the main features of the park.
D. To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
10. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5？ ______
A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different forms.
D. The nature language enhances work performance.
11. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn？ ______
A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation.
C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication.
D
A growing body of research suggests that the gut microbiome （消化道菌群） could play a major role in a rising chronic disease that makes us physically weaker.The illness，which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS），is characterized by intense fatigue，gastrointestinal （胃肠道的） issues，muscle pain，and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating，among other symptoms.It often follows a viral infection which can lead to a "disruption" in a balanced gut ecosystem.Actually，an increasing number of Americans have been the sufferers since the outbreak of COVID-19.
Two recent studies published in Cell Host &Microbe point to changes in the microbiome as a possible cause of CFS.Research groups at Columbia University and the Jackson Laboratory performed detailed analyses of the microbes in stool （粪便） samples from patients with CFS and compared them to healthy controls.
The two groups found similar bacteria species were less present in CFS patients compared to control patients.They focused on bacteria that produce butyrate，a fatty acid involved in regulating metabolism and the immune system. "Butyrate plays several roles in directing the body's response to infections，while also protecting the barrier between the intestine （肠） and the circulatory system，regulating genetic changes in cells，and more，" says Brent Williams，lead author on the Columbia study.Williams and his colleagues extensively analyzed the role of butyrate in CFS patients' guts，even identifying a correlation between low levels of bacteria that produce this acid and more severe symptoms.
Parallel findings from the Jackson Laboratory team suggest the bacteria that produce butyrate could be used to diagnose CFS.Previous research has identified microbiome issues in CFS patients，but the new findings help clarify which microbes could be related to the illness.
More research on butyrate-producing bacteria and other species identified in the studies is necessary to investigate these potential biomarkers of CFS，the authors say.If the findings are replicated，specific gut bacteria could be used to diagnose the illness，which is currently identified based on symptoms alone.
The findings additionally point toward possible treatments，such as probiotics or microbiome-focused diet adjustments—though patients who have been sick for long periods may require drugs that alleviate the damage done to their metabolism or immune system.
12. What do we know about CFS？ ______
A. It is caused by COVID-19 only.
B. It is an illness with systemic symptoms.
C. It breaks the balance of the gut ecosystem.
D. The number of the infected is on the decrease.
13. How did the researcher carry out the recent studies？ ______
A. By controlling data. B. By identifying genes.
C. By analyzing samples. D. By comparing symptoms.
14. Which of the following is NOT the significance of the recent researches？ ______
A. Butyrate's multiple functions are promoted.
B. Targeted gut microbes may be used to diagnose CFS.
C. Certain microbes responsible for CFS are narrowed down.
D. Probiotics supplement with drugs can be a treatment for CFS.
15. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. Gut microbiome may be the key to CFS.
B. Microbes help digest food and aid absorption.
C. Man's gut is a rich，diverse tropical rainforest.
D. New method for diagnosing CFS are provided.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of "muscle memory"，the result of a motor learning.（1） ______ It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse.
Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves.In one study of mice，the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training，those extra nuclei aren't lost during subsequent periods of inactivity.They are retained （保留），essentially waiting to be reactivated.If you fell off the fitness wagon （马车） during the pandemic，don't be frustrated.Once you have got additional nuclei，you are banking the capacity.（2） ______ In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness.It depends on how fit you were initially，how long the layoff was，how old you are and how long you'd been exercising.
（ 3） ______ It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness.And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training.The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing，and then gradually increase in terms of duration，frequency，then intensity.（4） ______
Ultimately，muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport.（5） ______ You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again.
A.The best way to tap into it is to "get back on the horse".
B.Physiologists，on the other hand，define it in a different way.
C.This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting.
D.That is to say，we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought.
E.It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two.
F.It is evident that the more you exercise，the more muscle memory savings you will have.
G.All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Izzi Dymalovski is a young girl from Melbourne,Australia.At the early age of just eight,she asked her mother if she could use some of her skincare products to(21) makeup after her dance performance.Her mother said that the products were meant for adults(22) the chemicals they contained.They were not(23) for young girls who were still developing.Izzi's mother(24) that she should use baby products in order to clean makeup.However,it was not satisfying to use baby products for young kids.Izzi was a bit(25).
Izzi's mother gave a suggestion to her daughter：allow time and make a（n）(26) to create her own skincare products.The product formulas（配方）could be(27) using ingredients（成分）that were safe for kids.
Izzi immediately jumped into action and began working on the logo,brand,and even packaging(28).Then Izzi created a face wash,body wash and face moisturizer.At the age of thirteen,she(29) her own skincare line.Later,she became a young entrepreneur（企业家）.By doing so,Izzi changed an unhappy experience into an amazing(30).At present,her(31)sell well online.Many teens want to(32)different jobs when possible.Instead of(33)the same summer job each year,try filling your time with other different work.If you're really(34)，try your hand at starting your own(35)and becoming a teen entrepreneur.
21. A. cover B. improve C. protect D. remove
22. A. in spite of B. due to C. except for D. regardless of
23. A. suitable B. effective C. necessary D. practical
24. A. requested B. complained C. regretted D. advised
25. A. embarrassed B. delighted C. upset D. puzzled
26. A. reply B. effort C. agreement D. promise
27. A. designed B. discovered C. copied D. refused
28. A. honestly B. actively C. grateful D. proudly
29. A. launched B. imagined C. recorded D. valued
30. A. task B. habit C. dream D. career
31. A. products B. collections C. books D. pictures
32. A. observe B. judge C. explore D. abandon
33. A. applying for B. troubling with C. reacting to D. cheering for
34. A. young B. brave C. careful D. generous
35. A. performance B. course C. business D. duty
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The local government of Zibo issued two open letters to all citizens.The government extended its gratitude for the citizens' （1） ______ （warm） and hospitality toward visitors coming to enjoy the city's signature barbecue，（2） ______ has recently become a hit across the country.
Since early March，Zibo local barbecue （3） ______ （ cause） a sensation online.But how did Zibo rise to fame？From July 2022 to February 2023，Zibo organized many trips to the city for university students.Despite reaching peak visitation numbers，there was no sense of panic.Instead，several supportive （4） ______ （ policy） were promptly introduced，such as establishing a "Golden Stove Award"，forming a barbecue association，creating a map of Zibo barbecue restaurants，（5） ______ launching 21 dedicated tourist routes that go beyond just barbecue.
Zibo's sudden boom in popularity also resulted （6） ______ the post-pandemic tourism revival China has experienced.The city aims to restore （7） ______ （ it） tourism industry and ensure sustainable growth.（8） ______ （ achieve） this goal，it has created （9） ______ welcoming environment with convenient services for young people，particularly university students.The city has also invited students from distinguished universities to visit Zibo for free，（10） ______ （ signal） its eagerness to attract talented young individuals.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论人类是否应该进行太空探索。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报写封信，反映讨论结果，并提出自己的看法。
40%的同学反对（1）浪费金钱，这些钱原本可以解决地球上的饥饿、贫困等问题；（ 2）可能会污染太空里的环境。
60%同学赞成：（1）能更好地应对自然灾害；（2）可进行地球上无法进行的科学实验。
注意：（ 1）词数100词左右；
（2）可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头已为你拟好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：贫困poverty
Dear Editor，
Recently our class have had a heated discussion about whether it is worthwhile for mankind to explore the space.___________
Yours， Li Hua
38. Joey was so excited he could hardly wait to get to the store.He walked so fast that his sister Beth had to run. "Do you have to hurry like that？" she puffed.On his way from school he had seen that baseball cap in Rogers' store window.Only a dollar，and this was the last cap!Joey had looked at the cap a long time.He wanted it more than anything.Every boy at school had one.
Joey thought of his piggy bank，into which he put every coin for running errands （差使） for his family and neighbors.
Joey raced home，not stopping for anything.He held the fat iron pig，opened it carefully，and poured out the coins.Ten...twenty...thirty...ninety cents.If only he had one more dime （一角硬币）!
Lost in thought，Joey stared out the window. "What's wrong，Joey？" asked Mother.Joey told about the money and the cap. "If you give me what you have，I'll add a dime，" Mother said，handing him a dollar bill. "I'll have some errands for you tomorrow."
Joey jumped up. "Oh，thanks，Mom.That's great!" And away went Joey and Beth to the store with the dollar bill in Joey's pocket.
They turned the last corner.Ahead was a group of boys and girls，talking heatedly and looking down at the sidewalk.
One of the children was Ronny，a new boy who had been in this town only a short time.Ronny's father had been sick，so there wasn't much money for extras -- like baseball cap.
"What's the matter？" Beth asked，anxiously.
"It's Ronny，" answered Susan. "He's been working and finally saved up a whole dollar，and now it's lost!"
Joey went over to Ronny.
"We'll all help look.We'll find it!"
"Ronny was going to get that last cap in Rogers' window，" put in Billy.
"I wanted it a lot.I want to join them." Ronny said slowly.
Suddenly Joey remembered how Ronny had watched the fellows playing baseball，his eyes lighting up eagerly as they shouted and ran.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Joey stared at the ground，thinking hard.
Forcing a smile，Joey showed Beth the empty pocket.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据Nahm部分的Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name（主厨David Thompson因其位于伦敦的同名泰国餐厅而获得米其林星级）和Issaya Slamese Club部分的Issaya Slamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant.（Issaya Slamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师Ian Kittichai在曼谷的第一家旗舰餐厅。）可知，Nahm和Issaya Slamese Club的共同之处是：它们都有顶级的大厨。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Bo.Lan部分的For those extremely hungry，there is a large set menu（对于那些极度饥饿的人，有一个大的套餐）可知，Bo.Lan提供大型套餐。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据Gaggan部分的The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen，where you can see the chef Gaggan and his staff in action（这座两层楼的泰国殖民地住宅中最好的桌子提供了一扇通向厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到厨师Gaggan和他的工作人员在行动）可知，Gaggan的特殊之处是它向客人展示烹饪的过程。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些曼谷的美食选择。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】B、A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The researchers found that those who had a small number of close friends generally tended to be happier than those who had a large number of superficial（关系浅表的）friends.（研究人员发现，那些有少数亲密朋友的人通常比那些有着大量肤浅朋友的人更快乐。）可知，有少数亲密朋友的人通常更快乐。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段He found that older people tended to have smaller social circles than young people，but the people in these circles tended to be closer to them.He also found that younger people tended to have larger social circles that were made up of "peripheral（次要的） others"— people who are not their true friends，but just the ones they know.These people had no influence on their happiness.（他发现，老年人的社交圈往往比年轻人小，但社交圈里的人往往与他们更亲近。他还发现，年轻人往往有更大的社交圈，这些社交圈由"外围人"组成---这些人不是他们真正的朋友，只是他们认识的人。这些人对他们的幸福没有影响。）可知，较年长的人的朋友质量更高。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Bruine de Bruin的话中的In fact，older adults tend to report a better sense of well-being than younger adults（事实上，老年人往往比年轻人更幸福。）可知，她认为较年长的人往往比年轻人的幸福感更强。A．Sad悲伤的；B．Happy快乐的；C．Lonely孤单的；D．Concerned关心的。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中But as it turns out，people are happiest when their friends are high quality - not high quantity.（但事实证明，人们最快乐的时候是他们的朋友质量高，而不是数量多）可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于人的幸福感与其朋友数量和质量的关系的研究。研究发现，影响一个人幸福感的并非是其拥有朋友的数量，而是其朋友的质量。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们在拥有的朋友质量高而不是数量多时更快乐。研究发现有着少数亲密朋友的人通常比那些有着大量肤浅朋友的人更快乐，而且孤独与朋友数量关系不大，与和朋友相处的感觉关系较大。但对于老年人来说，他们的幸福感和对孤独的看法却不太受社交圈大小的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.（随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难接触到大自然。如果幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对野生的地方是不寻常的。）可知第一段作者描述的现象是：在城市里很难找到野生的大自然。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.（在320份提交的材料中，研究人员称之为"自然语言"的类别模式开始出现。在对所有提交的文件进行编码后，有六个类别对访问者来说最重要。其中包括遇到野生动物，沿着水边行走，以及沿着既定的小径行走。）可知研究人员将参与者提交的材料分类是为了找到"自然语言"的类别模式，也就是发现游客总结的模式。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.（命名每一种自然体验都会创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们识别并参与对他们来说最满意、最有意义的活动。例如，对于周末在公园徒步旅行的年轻专业人士来说，沿着水边散步的体验可能会令人满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以通过午休时沿着喷泉散步。）可知，同样的自然体验有不同的形式。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，"said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.（为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便与之互动，"该研究的资深作者彼得 卡恩说。）可知，我们在和自然互动之前应该保护自然。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，人们和大自然互动有不同的模式。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】B、C、A、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The illness，which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS），is characterized by intense fatigue，gastrointestinal （胃肠道的） issues，muscle pain，and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating，among other symptoms.（这种疾病通常被称为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS），其特征是强烈的疲劳、胃肠道问题、肌肉疼痛和认知挑战，如头痛和注意力不集中等症状）可知，慢性疲劳综合症是一种有全身性症状的疾病。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Research groups at Columbia University and the Jackson Laboratory performed detailed analyses of the microbes in stool （粪便） samples from patients with CFS and compared them to healthy controls.（哥伦比亚大学和杰克逊实验室的研究小组对慢性疲劳综合症患者粪便样本中的微生物进行了详细分析，并将其与健康对照进行了比较）可知，研究人员通过分析样本进行的研究。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Parallel findings from the Jackson Laboratory team suggest the bacteria that produce butyrate could be used to diagnose CFS.（杰克逊实验室团队的类似发现表明，产生丁酸盐的细菌可以用来诊断慢性疲劳综合症）；倒数第二段If the findings are replicated，specific gut bacteria could be used to diagnose the illness，which is currently identified based on symptoms alone.（如果这些发现被复制，特定的肠道细菌可以用来诊断疾病，目前仅根据症状来识别疾病）以及最后一段The findings additionally point toward possible treatments，such as probiotics or microbiome-focused diet adjustments—though patients who have been sick for long periods may require drugs that alleviate the damage done to their metabolism or immune system.（研究结果还指出了可能的治疗方法，比如益生菌或以微生物群为重点的饮食调整——尽管长期患病的患者可能需要药物来减轻对新陈代谢或免疫系统的损害）可知，A选项"促进丁酸盐的多种功能"不是研究的意义。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段A growing body of research suggests that the gut microbiome （消化道菌群） could play a major role in a rising chronic disease that makes us physically weaker.The illness，which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS），is characterized by intense fatigue，gastrointestinal （胃肠道的） issues，muscle pain，and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating，among other symptoms.（越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物群可能在越来越多的慢性疾病中发挥重要作用，这些疾病会使我们的身体变得更弱。这种疾病通常被称为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS），其特征是剧烈疲劳、胃肠道问题、肌肉疼痛和认知挑战，如头痛和注意力不集中等症状）结合文章介绍了一项研究开展的过程以及其研究发现的意义可知，这篇文章的主要讲述肠道微生物群可能是慢性疲劳综合症的关键。A．Gut microbiome may be the key to CFS.肠道微生物群可能是CFS的关键；B．Microbes help digest food and aid absorption.微生物帮助消化食物和帮助吸收；C．Man's gut is a rich，diverse tropical rainforest.人类的内脏是丰富多样的热带雨林；D．New method for diagnosing CFS are provided.提供了诊断CFS新方法。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物群可能在越来越多的慢性疾病中发挥重要作用。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及其研究发现的意义。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】B、A、G、E、F
【解析】 （1）推理判断题。根据后文It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse（这是一种以前训练过的肌肉在一段时间不使用后仍旧具有力量的现象），可知B项"另一方面，生理学家则用不同的方式来定义它"可以引起下文从生理学对运动作的定义，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文If you fell off the fitness wagon （马车） during the pandemic，don't be frustrated.Once you have got additional nuclei，you are banking the capacity（如果你在疫情期间放弃了健身计划，不要沮丧。一旦你有了额外的核，你就储存了容量）；以及后文In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness（事实上，最近的一项研究表明，不到八周的再训练就能恢复你以前的健康），可知A项"进入这种状态的最好方法是'重新开始'"可以承接上文因为疫情放弃了健身计划的话题，引出后文重新开始很快就能恢复以前的状态的话题，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后文It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness（这意味着当你恢复到以前的健康水平时，你仍然有明显的优势），可知G项"所有这些关于肌肉记忆的新闻对那些放弃健身计划的人来说都是鼓舞人心的"可以与后文之间为前后照应关系，介绍即使健身中断，当重新健身，还是有明显的优势的，故选G。
（4）推理判断题。根据前文The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing，and then gradually increase in terms of duration，frequency，then intensity（恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低于你习惯的水平开始，然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度），可知E项"一般来说，每一两周增加5%的这些元素是安全的"可以承接前文逐渐增加的话题，介绍具体的方法，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文Ultimately，muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport（最终，肌肉记忆是你过去为学习一项运动所付出的所有努力的回报），可知F项"很明显，你锻炼得越多，你的肌肉记忆就会储存得越多"是前文的同义句，强调努力越多，回报越多，故选F。
这是一篇说明文。作者分析了运动中肌肉记忆这一生理现象，并且介绍了我们可以利用这一现象可以做的事。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、B、A、D、C、B、A、B、A、D、A、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.cover覆盖；B.improve改进；C.protect保护；D.remove去除，移除。由第一段倒数第二句Izzi's mother（4）that she should use baby products in order to clean makeup（为了卸妆她应该使用婴儿产品）可知，Lzzi是想卸妆，remove意为"去除，移除"。句意：在她八岁的时候，她问母亲是否可以在她的舞蹈表演后用一些护肤品来卸妆。故选D。
（2）B.考查介词及语境理解。A.in spite of尽管；B.due to由于；C.except for除…以外；D.regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意，她妈妈说这些产品是给成年人用的因为它们包含的化学物质。护肤品的成分使得它们适用于成年人，due to引出可以给成年人使用的原因。故选B。
（3）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.suitable合适的；B.effective有效的；C.necessary必要的；D.practical实际的。根据上文Her mother said that the products were meant for adults（2）the chemicals they contained（她妈妈说这些产品是给成年人用的因为它们包含的化学物质）和下文 young girls who were still developing（还在发育的年轻女孩）可知，这种含化学物质的产品不适合正在发育的年轻女孩子。be not suitable for意为"不适合..."，符合句意。故选A。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.requested要求；B.complained抱怨；C.regretted遗憾；D.advised建议。根据下文的should（应该）可知，上文是在提建议。句意：她妈妈建议她使用婴幼儿护肤品。故选D。
（5）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.delighted高兴的；C.upset悲伤的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据上文However,it was not satisfying to use baby products for young kids（然而，给小孩子使用婴儿用品并不令人满意）可知，Izzi 有点伤心；从下文By doing so,Izzi changed an unhappy experience into an amazing（10）（通过这样做，Izzi把一段不高兴的经历发展成了一项令人惊讶事业）也可看出，这里填upset（悲伤的），upset与unhappy是同义词。句意：因为婴幼儿产品效果不好，所以她很伤心。故选C。
（6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.reply回答；B.effort努力；C.agreement同意；D.promise承诺。句意。她妈妈建议她慢慢来，努力打造自己的护肤品。make an effort动词词组，意为"努力"，故选B。
（7）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.designed设计；B.discovered发现；C.copied抄写；D.refused拒绝。根据句意，新设计的产品配方成分应该对孩童无害，designed,意为"设计"，符合句意。故选A。
（8）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.honestly诚实地；B.actively积极地；C.grateful感激的；D.proudly骄傲地。从jump into"急于做某事；开始投入"可看出她非常积极。句意：伊兹立即积极地行动起来，开始设计商标、品牌，甚至包装。故选B。
（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.launched推出（新产品）；B.imagined想象；C.recorded记录；D.valued估量。根据句意，十三岁时，她推出了自己的护肤品系列，launched意为"推出（新产品）"，符合句意。故选A。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.task任务；B.habit习惯；C.dream梦想；D.career事业。根据上文Later,she became a young entrepreneur（后来她成为了一名年轻的企业家），可知Izzi成就了自己的事业。句意：通过这样做，Izzi把一段不高兴的经历发展成了一项令人惊讶事业。故选D。
（11）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.products产品；B.collections收藏；C.books书；D.pictures图片。根据上文At the age of thirteen,she（9）her own skincare line（十三岁时，她推出了自己的护肤品系列）可知，这里是products,意为"她的产品在网上很畅销"。故选A。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.observe观察；B.judge判断；C.explore探索；D.abandon放弃，舍弃。根据句意，许多青少年都想在有可能的情况下尝试新工作。explore意为"探索，探寻"，符合句意。故选C。
（13）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.applying for申请；B.troubling with麻烦；C.reacting to对...作出反应；D.cheering for为...庆祝。根据句意，与其每年都申请做同一份暑期工 ，倒不如试着用其他不同的工作来打发时间，applying for意为"申请"，符合句意，故选A。
（14）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.young年轻的；B.brave勇敢的；C.careful仔细的；D.generous慷慨的。根据句意，如果你有勇气，就去自主创业，brave意为"勇敢的"，符合句意。故选B。
（15）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.performance表现；B.course课程；C.business生意，事务；D.duty职责。根据下文becoming a teen entrepreneur（成为一个青少年企业家）可知，这里是"开创自己的事业"，start your own business。故选C。
本文是一篇励志故事。介绍Izzi Dymalovski在妈妈的建议下，推出了自己的护肤品系列，成为了一名年轻的企业家。
做完形填空时要把握上下文行文逻辑和全文中心，牢记固定搭配，根据上下文线索来做题。
36.【答案】【小题1】warmth
【小题2】which
【小题3】has caused
【小题4】policies
【小题5】and
【小题6】from
【小题7】its
【小题8】To achieve
【小题9】a
【小题10】signaling/signalling
【解析】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：政府对市民对游客的热情好客表示感谢，他们来这里享受城市标志性的烧烤，这一烧烤最近在全国范围内受到欢迎。分析句子可知，名词所有格citizens'后面要用不可数名词warmth作宾语。故填warmth。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：政府对市民对游客的热情好客表示感谢，他们来这里享受城市标志性的烧烤，这一烧烤最近在全国范围内受到欢迎。分析句子可知，横线处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the city's signature barbecue，指物，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
（3）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自3月初以来，淄博本地烧烤在网上引起了轰动。分析句子可知横线处作句子谓语，根据时间状语Since early March可知，本句用现在完成时。主语Zibo local barbecue为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has caused。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：相反，政府迅速出台了一系列扶持政策，比如设立"金炉奖"、成立烧烤协会、制作淄博烧烤店地图、推出21条不局限于烧烤的旅游专线。根据形容词several和谓语动词were可知，横线处用名词的复数形式作主语。故填policies。
（5）考查连词。句意：相反，政府迅速出台了一系列扶持政策，比如设立"金炉奖"、成立烧烤协会、制作淄博烧烤店地图、推出21条不局限于烧烤的旅游专线。分析句子可知，句中establishing a "Golden Stove Award"，forming a barbecue association，creating a map of Zibo barbecue restaurants和 launching 21 dedicated tourist routes为并列关系，所以用并列连词and连接。故填and。
（6）考查介词。句意：淄博人气的突飞猛进也得益于疫情后中国旅游业的复苏。result from"起因于"是固定搭配。故填from。
（7）考查代词。句意：该市的目标是恢复其旅游业，并确保可持续增长。分析句子可知，横线处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词tourism industry。故填its。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：为了实现这一目标，它为年轻人，特别是大学生创造了一个温馨的环境和便利的服务。分析句子可知，横线处用动词不定式在句中作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To achieve。
（9）考查不定冠词。句意：为了实现这一目标，它为年轻人，特别是大学生创造了一个温馨的环境和便利的服务。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指"一个温馨的环境"，所以横线处用不定冠词，名词environment为可数名词，其发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
（10）考查现在分词。句意：淄博还邀请著名大学的学生免费参观淄博，这表明该市渴望吸引有才华的年轻人。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词 has also invited，所以横线处的动词作非谓语。表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填signaling/signalling。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了淄博的烧烤。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Editor，
Recently our class have had a heated discussion about whether it is worthwhile for mankind to explore the space.（点明话题）
40% of the people are opposed to exploring the space，because it costs too much money which could have solved problems such as hunger and poverty on Earth. 【高分句型一】In addition，the exploration may pollute the environment in space.While 60% of students support the exploration，which can help us not only better respond to natural disasters but also conduct scientific experiments that can not be conducted on Earth.【高分句型二】（支持和反对的观点和原因）
I strongly believe that space exploration is of great benefit as we will make significant progress in human history if we know more about the space.Moreover，it could be another way for us to improve our quality of life and solve the global problems above.（自己的观点）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
40% of the people are opposed to exploring the space，because it costs too much money which could have solved problems such as hunger and poverty on Earth.
翻译：40%的人反对探索太空，因为它花费了太多的钱，而这些钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿和贫困等问题。
分析：在because引导的原因状语从句里，有which引导的非限制性定语从句could have solved problems such as hunger and poverty on Earth。
高分句型二
While 60% of students support the exploration，which can help us not only better respond to natural disasters but also conduct scientific experiments that can not be conducted on Earth.
翻译：而60%的学生支持这种探索，这种探索能帮助我们不仅可以更好地应对自然灾害，还可以进行地球上无法进行的科学实验。
分析：句子里，While表示和前文的对比；关系词which引导非限制性定语从句can help us not only better respond to natural disasters but also conduct scientific experiments that can not be conducted on Earth。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Joey stared at the ground，thinking hard.That cap would make Ronny feel he really belonged to the fellow group.But he himself had longed for it so much.He bit his lower lips，with his hand tightly clutching the dollar.【高分句型一】Ronny's words constantly flashed through his mind.It hit him that he should do something nice for Ronny.He bent down and gave a shout， "Look!Look here!" They all crowded around.There almost hidden in the leaves was the unmistakable green of a dollar bill!Overwhelmingly thrilled and joyful，Ronny picked up the bill. "Come on!" someone cried out，and they then made a dash for the store. "Why not come together and get something else with your dollar？" Beth asked Joey.（乔伊决定帮助罗尼买取棒球帽的经过
Forcing a smile，Joey showed Beth the empty pocket.Eyes wide open，Beth uttered in surprise， "Joey，you didn't really find Ronny's dollar.It was yours." Joey nodded his head，a broad smile flickering across his face.【高分句型二】He explained calmly that the baseball cap mattered a lot more to Ronny.With the cap，he thought，Ronny would feel it easier to get along with others.After knowing what her brother had done，Beth felt a flush of pride flooding over her.And not far away from them，Ronny was among the group of boys，wearing his new cap.The look on his face made Joey feel good.The one dollar had traded what he thought was more than a cap.（贝丝知道了哥哥的所作所为后，一阵自豪感涌上心头以及乔伊的感受）
【解析】本文为记叙文，讲述了主人公乔伊用自己的一美元帮助罗尼买棒球帽的故事。
高分句型一：He bit his lower lips，with his hand tightly clutching the dollar.
译文：他咬着下唇，手紧紧地抓着美元。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构。
高分句型二：Joey nodded his head，a broad smile flickering across his face.
译文：乔伊点了点头，脸上闪烁着灿烂的笑容。
分析：这句话使用了独立主格结构a broad smile flickering across his face。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
第1页，共1页
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers.It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options.Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining.Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary （烹饪的） experiences.It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word's 50 best restaurants list.Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name，opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issays Stamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef lan Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant.The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.Lan
Bo.Lan has been making waves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009.Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere，the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots，yet still manages to add a special twist.This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.For those extremely hungry there's a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the lates "Asia's 50 best restaurants" list，progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues（场所） to arrive in Bangkok in recent years.The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen，where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.Culinary theater at its best.
1. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common？ ______
A They adopt modern cooking methods.
A. They have branches in London.
B. They have top - class chefs.
C. They are based in hotels.
2. Which restaurant offers a large set menu？ ______
A. Gaggan. B. Bo.Lan.
C. Issaya Siamese Club. D. Nahm.
3. What is special about Gaggan？ ______
A. It hires staff from India.
B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes.
D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
B
In this digital age，people measure their popularity by the number of "likes" and followers they get on social media.But as it turns out，people are happier when their friends are of high quality rather than huge quantity.
Scientists from the University of Leeds in the UK studied data from two online surveys of nearly 1，500 people.Those who took the survey gave details about their age，social interactions，and how satisfied they were with their social lives.The researchers found that those who had a small number of close friends generally tended to be happier than those who had a large number of superficial （关系浅表的） friends.
"Loneliness has less to do with the number of friends you have，and more to do with how you feel about your friends，" said Bruine de Bruin，one of the researchers.
He found that older people tended to have smaller social circles than young people，but the people in these circles tended to be closer to them.He also found that younger people tended to have larger social circles that were made up of "peripheral（次要的） others"— people who are not their true friends，but just the ones they know.These people had no influence on their happiness.
The results of the study show that the opinion society has about old people being sad and lonely might not be accurate.
"The research shows that older adults' smaller networks don't decrease their social satisfaction and happiness.In fact，older adults tend to report a better sense of well-being than younger adults，" said Bruine de Bruin.
4. According to the study，people tend to be happier when they ______ .
A. have friends of huge quantity
B. have a small circle of close friends
C. have a lot of followers on social media
D. make friends with older people
5. What do we know from paragraph 4？ ______
A. Older people's friends seem to be of higher quality.
B. Younger people don't need to make peripheral friends.
C. Older people's happiness has nothing to do with their friends.
D. Both older and younger people find it hard to make close friends.
6. Which word might Bruine de Bruin use to describe older adults？ ______
A. Sad. B. Happy. C. Lonely. D. Concerned.
7. What is the focus of this article？ ______
A. Different types of friends in one's life.
B. Changes in people's happiness levels.
C. Interactions between older and younger people.
D. The relationship between happiness and the quality and quantity of friends.
C
As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park -goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding （编码） experiences into different categories.For example，one participant's experience of "We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while" was assigned the categories "sitting at beach" and "listening to waves."
Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
"We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，" said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.
8. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text？ ______
A. Pocket parks are now popular.
B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C. Many cities are overpopulated.
D. People enjoy living close to nature.
9. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories？ ______
A. To compare different types of park-goers.
B. To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C. To analyze the main features of the park.
D. To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
10. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5？ ______
A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different forms.
D. The nature language enhances work performance.
11. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn？ ______
A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation.
C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication.
D
A growing body of research suggests that the gut microbiome （消化道菌群） could play a major role in a rising chronic disease that makes us physically weaker.The illness，which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS），is characterized by intense fatigue，gastrointestinal （胃肠道的） issues，muscle pain，and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating，among other symptoms.It often follows a viral infection which can lead to a "disruption" in a balanced gut ecosystem.Actually，an increasing number of Americans have been the sufferers since the outbreak of COVID-19.
Two recent studies published in Cell Host &Microbe point to changes in the microbiome as a possible cause of CFS.Research groups at Columbia University and the Jackson Laboratory performed detailed analyses of the microbes in stool （粪便） samples from patients with CFS and compared them to healthy controls.
The two groups found similar bacteria species were less present in CFS patients compared to control patients.They focused on bacteria that produce butyrate，a fatty acid involved in regulating metabolism and the immune system. "Butyrate plays several roles in directing the body's response to infections，while also protecting the barrier between the intestine （肠） and the circulatory system，regulating genetic changes in cells，and more，" says Brent Williams，lead author on the Columbia study.Williams and his colleagues extensively analyzed the role of butyrate in CFS patients' guts，even identifying a correlation between low levels of bacteria that produce this acid and more severe symptoms.
Parallel findings from the Jackson Laboratory team suggest the bacteria that produce butyrate could be used to diagnose CFS.Previous research has identified microbiome issues in CFS patients，but the new findings help clarify which microbes could be related to the illness.
More research on butyrate-producing bacteria and other species identified in the studies is necessary to investigate these potential biomarkers of CFS，the authors say.If the findings are replicated，specific gut bacteria could be used to diagnose the illness，which is currently identified based on symptoms alone.
The findings additionally point toward possible treatments，such as probiotics or microbiome-focused diet adjustments—though patients who have been sick for long periods may require drugs that alleviate the damage done to their metabolism or immune system.
12. What do we know about CFS？ ______
A. It is caused by COVID-19 only.
B. It is an illness with systemic symptoms.
C. It breaks the balance of the gut ecosystem.
D. The number of the infected is on the decrease.
13. How did the researcher carry out the recent studies？ ______
A. By controlling data. B. By identifying genes.
C. By analyzing samples. D. By comparing symptoms.
14. Which of the following is NOT the significance of the recent researches？ ______
A. Butyrate's multiple functions are promoted.
B. Targeted gut microbes may be used to diagnose CFS.
C. Certain microbes responsible for CFS are narrowed down.
D. Probiotics supplement with drugs can be a treatment for CFS.
15. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. Gut microbiome may be the key to CFS.
B. Microbes help digest food and aid absorption.
C. Man's gut is a rich，diverse tropical rainforest.
D. New method for diagnosing CFS are provided.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of "muscle memory"，the result of a motor learning.（1） ______ It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse.
Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves.In one study of mice，the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training，those extra nuclei aren't lost during subsequent periods of inactivity.They are retained （保留），essentially waiting to be reactivated.If you fell off the fitness wagon （马车） during the pandemic，don't be frustrated.Once you have got additional nuclei，you are banking the capacity.（2） ______ In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness.It depends on how fit you were initially，how long the layoff was，how old you are and how long you'd been exercising.
（ 3） ______ It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness.And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training.The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing，and then gradually increase in terms of duration，frequency，then intensity.（4） ______
Ultimately，muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport.（5） ______ You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again.
A.The best way to tap into it is to "get back on the horse".
B.Physiologists，on the other hand，define it in a different way.
C.This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting.
D.That is to say，we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought.
E.It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two.
F.It is evident that the more you exercise，the more muscle memory savings you will have.
G.All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Izzi Dymalovski is a young girl from Melbourne,Australia.At the early age of just eight,she asked her mother if she could use some of her skincare products to(21) makeup after her dance performance.Her mother said that the products were meant for adults(22) the chemicals they contained.They were not(23) for young girls who were still developing.Izzi's mother(24) that she should use baby products in order to clean makeup.However,it was not satisfying to use baby products for young kids.Izzi was a bit(25).
Izzi's mother gave a suggestion to her daughter：allow time and make a（n）(26) to create her own skincare products.The product formulas（配方）could be(27) using ingredients（成分）that were safe for kids.
Izzi immediately jumped into action and began working on the logo,brand,and even packaging(28).Then Izzi created a face wash,body wash and face moisturizer.At the age of thirteen,she(29) her own skincare line.Later,she became a young entrepreneur（企业家）.By doing so,Izzi changed an unhappy experience into an amazing(30).At present,her(31)sell well online.Many teens want to(32)different jobs when possible.Instead of(33)the same summer job each year,try filling your time with other different work.If you're really(34)，try your hand at starting your own(35)and becoming a teen entrepreneur.
21. A. cover B. improve C. protect D. remove
22. A. in spite of B. due to C. except for D. regardless of
23. A. suitable B. effective C. necessary D. practical
24. A. requested B. complained C. regretted D. advised
25. A. embarrassed B. delighted C. upset D. puzzled
26. A. reply B. effort C. agreement D. promise
27. A. designed B. discovered C. copied D. refused
28. A. honestly B. actively C. grateful D. proudly
29. A. launched B. imagined C. recorded D. valued
30. A. task B. habit C. dream D. career
31. A. products B. collections C. books D. pictures
32. A. observe B. judge C. explore D. abandon
33. A. applying for B. troubling with C. reacting to D. cheering for
34. A. young B. brave C. careful D. generous
35. A. performance B. course C. business D. duty
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The local government of Zibo issued two open letters to all citizens.The government extended its gratitude for the citizens' （1） ______ （warm） and hospitality toward visitors coming to enjoy the city's signature barbecue，（2） ______ has recently become a hit across the country.
Since early March，Zibo local barbecue （3） ______ （ cause） a sensation online.But how did Zibo rise to fame？From July 2022 to February 2023，Zibo organized many trips to the city for university students.Despite reaching peak visitation numbers，there was no sense of panic.Instead，several supportive （4） ______ （ policy） were promptly introduced，such as establishing a "Golden Stove Award"，forming a barbecue association，creating a map of Zibo barbecue restaurants，（5） ______ launching 21 dedicated tourist routes that go beyond just barbecue.
Zibo's sudden boom in popularity also resulted （6） ______ the post-pandemic tourism revival China has experienced.The city aims to restore （7） ______ （ it） tourism industry and ensure sustainable growth.（8） ______ （ achieve） this goal，it has created （9） ______ welcoming environment with convenient services for young people，particularly university students.The city has also invited students from distinguished universities to visit Zibo for free，（10） ______ （ signal） its eagerness to attract talented young individuals.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论人类是否应该进行太空探索。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报写封信，反映讨论结果，并提出自己的看法。
40%的同学反对（1）浪费金钱，这些钱原本可以解决地球上的饥饿、贫困等问题；（ 2）可能会污染太空里的环境。
60%同学赞成：（1）能更好地应对自然灾害；（2）可进行地球上无法进行的科学实验。
注意：（ 1）词数100词左右；
（2）可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头已为你拟好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：贫困poverty
Dear Editor，
Recently our class have had a heated discussion about whether it is worthwhile for mankind to explore the space.___________
Yours， Li Hua
38. Joey was so excited he could hardly wait to get to the store.He walked so fast that his sister Beth had to run. "Do you have to hurry like that？" she puffed.On his way from school he had seen that baseball cap in Rogers' store window.Only a dollar，and this was the last cap!Joey had looked at the cap a long time.He wanted it more than anything.Every boy at school had one.
Joey thought of his piggy bank，into which he put every coin for running errands （差使） for his family and neighbors.
Joey raced home，not stopping for anything.He held the fat iron pig，opened it carefully，and poured out the coins.Ten...twenty...thirty...ninety cents.If only he had one more dime （一角硬币）!
Lost in thought，Joey stared out the window. "What's wrong，Joey？" asked Mother.Joey told about the money and the cap. "If you give me what you have，I'll add a dime，" Mother said，handing him a dollar bill. "I'll have some errands for you tomorrow."
Joey jumped up. "Oh，thanks，Mom.That's great!" And away went Joey and Beth to the store with the dollar bill in Joey's pocket.
They turned the last corner.Ahead was a group of boys and girls，talking heatedly and looking down at the sidewalk.
One of the children was Ronny，a new boy who had been in this town only a short time.Ronny's father had been sick，so there wasn't much money for extras -- like baseball cap.
"What's the matter？" Beth asked，anxiously.
"It's Ronny，" answered Susan. "He's been working and finally saved up a whole dollar，and now it's lost!"
Joey went over to Ronny.
"We'll all help look.We'll find it!"
"Ronny was going to get that last cap in Rogers' window，" put in Billy.
"I wanted it a lot.I want to join them." Ronny said slowly.
Suddenly Joey remembered how Ronny had watched the fellows playing baseball，his eyes lighting up eagerly as they shouted and ran.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Joey stared at the ground，thinking hard.
Forcing a smile，Joey showed Beth the empty pocket.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据Nahm部分的Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name（主厨David Thompson因其位于伦敦的同名泰国餐厅而获得米其林星级）和Issaya Slamese Club部分的Issaya Slamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant.（Issaya Slamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师Ian Kittichai在曼谷的第一家旗舰餐厅。）可知，Nahm和Issaya Slamese Club的共同之处是：它们都有顶级的大厨。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Bo.Lan部分的For those extremely hungry，there is a large set menu（对于那些极度饥饿的人，有一个大的套餐）可知，Bo.Lan提供大型套餐。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据Gaggan部分的The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen，where you can see the chef Gaggan and his staff in action（这座两层楼的泰国殖民地住宅中最好的桌子提供了一扇通向厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到厨师Gaggan和他的工作人员在行动）可知，Gaggan的特殊之处是它向客人展示烹饪的过程。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些曼谷的美食选择。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】B、A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The researchers found that those who had a small number of close friends generally tended to be happier than those who had a large number of superficial（关系浅表的）friends.（研究人员发现，那些有少数亲密朋友的人通常比那些有着大量肤浅朋友的人更快乐。）可知，有少数亲密朋友的人通常更快乐。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段He found that older people tended to have smaller social circles than young people，but the people in these circles tended to be closer to them.He also found that younger people tended to have larger social circles that were made up of "peripheral（次要的） others"— people who are not their true friends，but just the ones they know.These people had no influence on their happiness.（他发现，老年人的社交圈往往比年轻人小，但社交圈里的人往往与他们更亲近。他还发现，年轻人往往有更大的社交圈，这些社交圈由"外围人"组成---这些人不是他们真正的朋友，只是他们认识的人。这些人对他们的幸福没有影响。）可知，较年长的人的朋友质量更高。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Bruine de Bruin的话中的In fact，older adults tend to report a better sense of well-being than younger adults（事实上，老年人往往比年轻人更幸福。）可知，她认为较年长的人往往比年轻人的幸福感更强。A．Sad悲伤的；B．Happy快乐的；C．Lonely孤单的；D．Concerned关心的。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中But as it turns out，people are happiest when their friends are high quality - not high quantity.（但事实证明，人们最快乐的时候是他们的朋友质量高，而不是数量多）可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于人的幸福感与其朋友数量和质量的关系的研究。研究发现，影响一个人幸福感的并非是其拥有朋友的数量，而是其朋友的质量。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们在拥有的朋友质量高而不是数量多时更快乐。研究发现有着少数亲密朋友的人通常比那些有着大量肤浅朋友的人更快乐，而且孤独与朋友数量关系不大，与和朋友相处的感觉关系较大。但对于老年人来说，他们的幸福感和对孤独的看法却不太受社交圈大小的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.（随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难接触到大自然。如果幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对野生的地方是不寻常的。）可知第一段作者描述的现象是：在城市里很难找到野生的大自然。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a "nature language" began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.（在320份提交的材料中，研究人员称之为"自然语言"的类别模式开始出现。在对所有提交的文件进行编码后，有六个类别对访问者来说最重要。其中包括遇到野生动物，沿着水边行走，以及沿着既定的小径行走。）可知研究人员将参与者提交的材料分类是为了找到"自然语言"的类别模式，也就是发现游客总结的模式。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.（命名每一种自然体验都会创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们识别并参与对他们来说最满意、最有意义的活动。例如，对于周末在公园徒步旅行的年轻专业人士来说，沿着水边散步的体验可能会令人满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以通过午休时沿着喷泉散步。）可知，同样的自然体验有不同的形式。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，"said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.（为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便与之互动，"该研究的资深作者彼得 卡恩说。）可知，我们在和自然互动之前应该保护自然。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，人们和大自然互动有不同的模式。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】B、C、A、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段The illness，which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS），is characterized by intense fatigue，gastrointestinal （胃肠道的） issues，muscle pain，and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating，among other symptoms.（这种疾病通常被称为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS），其特征是强烈的疲劳、胃肠道问题、肌肉疼痛和认知挑战，如头痛和注意力不集中等症状）可知，慢性疲劳综合症是一种有全身性症状的疾病。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Research groups at Columbia University and the Jackson Laboratory performed detailed analyses of the microbes in stool （粪便） samples from patients with CFS and compared them to healthy controls.（哥伦比亚大学和杰克逊实验室的研究小组对慢性疲劳综合症患者粪便样本中的微生物进行了详细分析，并将其与健康对照进行了比较）可知，研究人员通过分析样本进行的研究。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Parallel findings from the Jackson Laboratory team suggest the bacteria that produce butyrate could be used to diagnose CFS.（杰克逊实验室团队的类似发现表明，产生丁酸盐的细菌可以用来诊断慢性疲劳综合症）；倒数第二段If the findings are replicated，specific gut bacteria could be used to diagnose the illness，which is currently identified based on symptoms alone.（如果这些发现被复制，特定的肠道细菌可以用来诊断疾病，目前仅根据症状来识别疾病）以及最后一段The findings additionally point toward possible treatments，such as probiotics or microbiome-focused diet adjustments—though patients who have been sick for long periods may require drugs that alleviate the damage done to their metabolism or immune system.（研究结果还指出了可能的治疗方法，比如益生菌或以微生物群为重点的饮食调整——尽管长期患病的患者可能需要药物来减轻对新陈代谢或免疫系统的损害）可知，A选项"促进丁酸盐的多种功能"不是研究的意义。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段A growing body of research suggests that the gut microbiome （消化道菌群） could play a major role in a rising chronic disease that makes us physically weaker.The illness，which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome （CFS），is characterized by intense fatigue，gastrointestinal （胃肠道的） issues，muscle pain，and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating，among other symptoms.（越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物群可能在越来越多的慢性疾病中发挥重要作用，这些疾病会使我们的身体变得更弱。这种疾病通常被称为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS），其特征是剧烈疲劳、胃肠道问题、肌肉疼痛和认知挑战，如头痛和注意力不集中等症状）结合文章介绍了一项研究开展的过程以及其研究发现的意义可知，这篇文章的主要讲述肠道微生物群可能是慢性疲劳综合症的关键。A．Gut microbiome may be the key to CFS.肠道微生物群可能是CFS的关键；B．Microbes help digest food and aid absorption.微生物帮助消化食物和帮助吸收；C．Man's gut is a rich，diverse tropical rainforest.人类的内脏是丰富多样的热带雨林；D．New method for diagnosing CFS are provided.提供了诊断CFS新方法。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物群可能在越来越多的慢性疾病中发挥重要作用。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及其研究发现的意义。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】B、A、G、E、F
【解析】 （1）推理判断题。根据后文It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse（这是一种以前训练过的肌肉在一段时间不使用后仍旧具有力量的现象），可知B项"另一方面，生理学家则用不同的方式来定义它"可以引起下文从生理学对运动作的定义，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文If you fell off the fitness wagon （马车） during the pandemic，don't be frustrated.Once you have got additional nuclei，you are banking the capacity（如果你在疫情期间放弃了健身计划，不要沮丧。一旦你有了额外的核，你就储存了容量）；以及后文In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness（事实上，最近的一项研究表明，不到八周的再训练就能恢复你以前的健康），可知A项"进入这种状态的最好方法是'重新开始'"可以承接上文因为疫情放弃了健身计划的话题，引出后文重新开始很快就能恢复以前的状态的话题，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后文It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness（这意味着当你恢复到以前的健康水平时，你仍然有明显的优势），可知G项"所有这些关于肌肉记忆的新闻对那些放弃健身计划的人来说都是鼓舞人心的"可以与后文之间为前后照应关系，介绍即使健身中断，当重新健身，还是有明显的优势的，故选G。
（4）推理判断题。根据前文The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing，and then gradually increase in terms of duration，frequency，then intensity（恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低于你习惯的水平开始，然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度），可知E项"一般来说，每一两周增加5%的这些元素是安全的"可以承接前文逐渐增加的话题，介绍具体的方法，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文Ultimately，muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport（最终，肌肉记忆是你过去为学习一项运动所付出的所有努力的回报），可知F项"很明显，你锻炼得越多，你的肌肉记忆就会储存得越多"是前文的同义句，强调努力越多，回报越多，故选F。
这是一篇说明文。作者分析了运动中肌肉记忆这一生理现象，并且介绍了我们可以利用这一现象可以做的事。
做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、B、A、D、C、B、A、B、A、D、A、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.cover覆盖；B.improve改进；C.protect保护；D.remove去除，移除。由第一段倒数第二句Izzi's mother（4）that she should use baby products in order to clean makeup（为了卸妆她应该使用婴儿产品）可知，Lzzi是想卸妆，remove意为"去除，移除"。句意：在她八岁的时候，她问母亲是否可以在她的舞蹈表演后用一些护肤品来卸妆。故选D。
（2）B.考查介词及语境理解。A.in spite of尽管；B.due to由于；C.except for除…以外；D.regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意，她妈妈说这些产品是给成年人用的因为它们包含的化学物质。护肤品的成分使得它们适用于成年人，due to引出可以给成年人使用的原因。故选B。
（3）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.suitable合适的；B.effective有效的；C.necessary必要的；D.practical实际的。根据上文Her mother said that the products were meant for adults（2）the chemicals they contained（她妈妈说这些产品是给成年人用的因为它们包含的化学物质）和下文 young girls who were still developing（还在发育的年轻女孩）可知，这种含化学物质的产品不适合正在发育的年轻女孩子。be not suitable for意为"不适合..."，符合句意。故选A。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.requested要求；B.complained抱怨；C.regretted遗憾；D.advised建议。根据下文的should（应该）可知，上文是在提建议。句意：她妈妈建议她使用婴幼儿护肤品。故选D。
（5）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.delighted高兴的；C.upset悲伤的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据上文However,it was not satisfying to use baby products for young kids（然而，给小孩子使用婴儿用品并不令人满意）可知，Izzi 有点伤心；从下文By doing so,Izzi changed an unhappy experience into an amazing（10）（通过这样做，Izzi把一段不高兴的经历发展成了一项令人惊讶事业）也可看出，这里填upset（悲伤的），upset与unhappy是同义词。句意：因为婴幼儿产品效果不好，所以她很伤心。故选C。
（6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.reply回答；B.effort努力；C.agreement同意；D.promise承诺。句意。她妈妈建议她慢慢来，努力打造自己的护肤品。make an effort动词词组，意为"努力"，故选B。
（7）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.designed设计；B.discovered发现；C.copied抄写；D.refused拒绝。根据句意，新设计的产品配方成分应该对孩童无害，designed,意为"设计"，符合句意。故选A。
（8）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.honestly诚实地；B.actively积极地；C.grateful感激的；D.proudly骄傲地。从jump into"急于做某事；开始投入"可看出她非常积极。句意：伊兹立即积极地行动起来，开始设计商标、品牌，甚至包装。故选B。
（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.launched推出（新产品）；B.imagined想象；C.recorded记录；D.valued估量。根据句意，十三岁时，她推出了自己的护肤品系列，launched意为"推出（新产品）"，符合句意。故选A。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.task任务；B.habit习惯；C.dream梦想；D.career事业。根据上文Later,she became a young entrepreneur（后来她成为了一名年轻的企业家），可知Izzi成就了自己的事业。句意：通过这样做，Izzi把一段不高兴的经历发展成了一项令人惊讶事业。故选D。
（11）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.products产品；B.collections收藏；C.books书；D.pictures图片。根据上文At the age of thirteen,she（9）her own skincare line（十三岁时，她推出了自己的护肤品系列）可知，这里是products,意为"她的产品在网上很畅销"。故选A。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.observe观察；B.judge判断；C.explore探索；D.abandon放弃，舍弃。根据句意，许多青少年都想在有可能的情况下尝试新工作。explore意为"探索，探寻"，符合句意。故选C。
（13）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.applying for申请；B.troubling with麻烦；C.reacting to对...作出反应；D.cheering for为...庆祝。根据句意，与其每年都申请做同一份暑期工 ，倒不如试着用其他不同的工作来打发时间，applying for意为"申请"，符合句意，故选A。
（14）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.young年轻的；B.brave勇敢的；C.careful仔细的；D.generous慷慨的。根据句意，如果你有勇气，就去自主创业，brave意为"勇敢的"，符合句意。故选B。
（15）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.performance表现；B.course课程；C.business生意，事务；D.duty职责。根据下文becoming a teen entrepreneur（成为一个青少年企业家）可知，这里是"开创自己的事业"，start your own business。故选C。
本文是一篇励志故事。介绍Izzi Dymalovski在妈妈的建议下，推出了自己的护肤品系列，成为了一名年轻的企业家。
做完形填空时要把握上下文行文逻辑和全文中心，牢记固定搭配，根据上下文线索来做题。
36.【答案】【小题1】warmth
【小题2】which
【小题3】has caused
【小题4】policies
【小题5】and
【小题6】from
【小题7】its
【小题8】To achieve
【小题9】a
【小题10】signaling/signalling
【解析】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：政府对市民对游客的热情好客表示感谢，他们来这里享受城市标志性的烧烤，这一烧烤最近在全国范围内受到欢迎。分析句子可知，名词所有格citizens'后面要用不可数名词warmth作宾语。故填warmth。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：政府对市民对游客的热情好客表示感谢，他们来这里享受城市标志性的烧烤，这一烧烤最近在全国范围内受到欢迎。分析句子可知，横线处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the city's signature barbecue，指物，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
（3）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自3月初以来，淄博本地烧烤在网上引起了轰动。分析句子可知横线处作句子谓语，根据时间状语Since early March可知，本句用现在完成时。主语Zibo local barbecue为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has caused。
（4）考查可数名词复数。句意：相反，政府迅速出台了一系列扶持政策，比如设立"金炉奖"、成立烧烤协会、制作淄博烧烤店地图、推出21条不局限于烧烤的旅游专线。根据形容词several和谓语动词were可知，横线处用名词的复数形式作主语。故填policies。
（5）考查连词。句意：相反，政府迅速出台了一系列扶持政策，比如设立"金炉奖"、成立烧烤协会、制作淄博烧烤店地图、推出21条不局限于烧烤的旅游专线。分析句子可知，句中establishing a "Golden Stove Award"，forming a barbecue association，creating a map of Zibo barbecue restaurants和 launching 21 dedicated tourist routes为并列关系，所以用并列连词and连接。故填and。
（6）考查介词。句意：淄博人气的突飞猛进也得益于疫情后中国旅游业的复苏。result from"起因于"是固定搭配。故填from。
（7）考查代词。句意：该市的目标是恢复其旅游业，并确保可持续增长。分析句子可知，横线处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词tourism industry。故填its。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：为了实现这一目标，它为年轻人，特别是大学生创造了一个温馨的环境和便利的服务。分析句子可知，横线处用动词不定式在句中作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To achieve。
（9）考查不定冠词。句意：为了实现这一目标，它为年轻人，特别是大学生创造了一个温馨的环境和便利的服务。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指"一个温馨的环境"，所以横线处用不定冠词，名词environment为可数名词，其发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
（10）考查现在分词。句意：淄博还邀请著名大学的学生免费参观淄博，这表明该市渴望吸引有才华的年轻人。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词 has also invited，所以横线处的动词作非谓语。表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填signaling/signalling。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了淄博的烧烤。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Editor，
Recently our class have had a heated discussion about whether it is worthwhile for mankind to explore the space.（点明话题）
40% of the people are opposed to exploring the space，because it costs too much money which could have solved problems such as hunger and poverty on Earth. 【高分句型一】In addition，the exploration may pollute the environment in space.While 60% of students support the exploration，which can help us not only better respond to natural disasters but also conduct scientific experiments that can not be conducted on Earth.【高分句型二】（支持和反对的观点和原因）
I strongly believe that space exploration is of great benefit as we will make significant progress in human history if we know more about the space.Moreover，it could be another way for us to improve our quality of life and solve the global problems above.（自己的观点）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
40% of the people are opposed to exploring the space，because it costs too much money which could have solved problems such as hunger and poverty on Earth.
翻译：40%的人反对探索太空，因为它花费了太多的钱，而这些钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿和贫困等问题。
分析：在because引导的原因状语从句里，有which引导的非限制性定语从句could have solved problems such as hunger and poverty on Earth。
高分句型二
While 60% of students support the exploration，which can help us not only better respond to natural disasters but also conduct scientific experiments that can not be conducted on Earth.
翻译：而60%的学生支持这种探索，这种探索能帮助我们不仅可以更好地应对自然灾害，还可以进行地球上无法进行的科学实验。
分析：句子里，While表示和前文的对比；关系词which引导非限制性定语从句can help us not only better respond to natural disasters but also conduct scientific experiments that can not be conducted on Earth。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Joey stared at the ground，thinking hard.That cap would make Ronny feel he really belonged to the fellow group.But he himself had longed for it so much.He bit his lower lips，with his hand tightly clutching the dollar.【高分句型一】Ronny's words constantly flashed through his mind.It hit him that he should do something nice for Ronny.He bent down and gave a shout， "Look!Look here!" They all crowded around.There almost hidden in the leaves was the unmistakable green of a dollar bill!Overwhelmingly thrilled and joyful，Ronny picked up the bill. "Come on!" someone cried out，and they then made a dash for the store. "Why not come together and get something else with your dollar？" Beth asked Joey.（乔伊决定帮助罗尼买取棒球帽的经过
Forcing a smile，Joey showed Beth the empty pocket.Eyes wide open，Beth uttered in surprise， "Joey，you didn't really find Ronny's dollar.It was yours." Joey nodded his head，a broad smile flickering across his face.【高分句型二】He explained calmly that the baseball cap mattered a lot more to Ronny.With the cap，he thought，Ronny would feel it easier to get along with others.After knowing what her brother had done，Beth felt a flush of pride flooding over her.And not far away from them，Ronny was among the group of boys，wearing his new cap.The look on his face made Joey feel good.The one dollar had traded what he thought was more than a cap.（贝丝知道了哥哥的所作所为后，一阵自豪感涌上心头以及乔伊的感受）
【解析】本文为记叙文，讲述了主人公乔伊用自己的一美元帮助罗尼买棒球帽的故事。
高分句型一：He bit his lower lips，with his hand tightly clutching the dollar.
译文：他咬着下唇，手紧紧地抓着美元。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构。
高分句型二：Joey nodded his head，a broad smile flickering across his face.
译文：乔伊点了点头，脸上闪烁着灿烂的笑容。
分析：这句话使用了独立主格结构a broad smile flickering across his face。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
第1页，共1页
同课章节目录