Unit 2 Success Lesson 3 Getting to the Top—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.This ruler is twice the _____(long) of that one.
知识点2 形容词的用法
2.A helmet is a_____(defend) headgear made of hard material to resist blows.
3.He insisted that the _____(injure) should be sent to the hospital immediately.
4.It was _____(normal) for him to turn up late for he set off early.
知识点3 副词的用法
5.I am _____(extreme) delighted to hear your passing the exam.
【提升能力】
6.对于追梦者而言，追求卓越从来不晚。(strive)
It is never too late to _____ _____ _____ for a dream-chaser.
7.最终的决定归结为从这两个方案中做出选择。(boil down)
The final decision _____ _____ _____ a choice between the two plans.
8.对探险者而言，成功登顶珠峰是要付出很多的。(take)
_____ _____ _____ _____ for adventurers _____ _____ it to the top of Mt Qomolangma.
9.在夏令营中，你的努力终将会使你有别于其他的竞争者。(apart)
Hard work will _____ _____ _____ _____ other competitors in the summer camp.
10.追求极限是一名优秀运动员与生倶来的品质。(extreme)
A super athlete is born to ______ _____ _____ _____ _____.
【综合素养】
11. Life is like a book, from which we can find happiness and sorrow, success and failure, hope and despair (绝望), and love. Life is a learning process. ①__________.
Happiness and sorrow
Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile to others gives a certain level of fulfilment. Peace of mind is the main link with happiness. ②__________. We realise the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow.
③__________
Failure is the path to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.
Hope and despair
④__________. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds up patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same. We have only one choice— keep moving on in life and be hopeful.
Love
Love plays a key role in our life. ⑤__________. In the early stages of our life, our parents are the ones who show us unconditional love and care. They tell us what is right or wrong, good or bad. But we always tend to take these for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to the feelings of others.
A.Success and failure
B.Failure leads to success
C.Hope is what keeps life going
D.No mind is happy without peace
E.Life teaches us not to regret forever
F.Without love, a person could become cruel and violent
G.Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us better people
12. Mikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.
That thought stayed in Mikah Frye's mind and when he reached home, Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realised that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.
Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning.
Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalised message of hope in Mikah's handwriting stating: "They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That's why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, and someday you will too. Your friend, Mikah."
The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of "Santa's list of nice boys" that year.
1.Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift
A.The device was out of date. B.His parents had a tight budget.
C.He wanted to spend a warm Christmas. D.He decided to do something charitable.
2.What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless
A.His own experience. B.His parents' education.
C.His visiting to the emergency shelter. D.The cold weather during the holiday season.
3.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A.The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return.
B.He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas.
C.The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox.
D.Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in.
4.What might be the best title for the text
A.Mikah's Precious Christmas Gift
B.Mikah's Giving Warmth on
C.hristmasC.Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa's List
D.The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold Christmas
答案以及解析
1.答案：length
2.答案：defensive
3.答案：injured
4.答案：abnormal
解析：句意为:他来晚了，这不太正常，因为他很早就出发了。根据语境可知，需要填写normal的反义词，表示"反常的"。故填abnormal。
5.答案：extremely
解析：句意为：听到你通过考试的消息，我真的很高兴。设空处修饰形容词delighted，应填副词。故填extremely。
6.答案：strive for/ after greatness/ excellence
7.答案：boils/ boiled down to
8.答案：It takes a lot; to make
9.答案：set you apart from
10.答案：live his life to extremes
11.答案：GDACF
解析：①空前表明生活是学习的过程,G项(生活中的经历教会我们新的道理,让我们成为更好的人)承接上文,进一步阐述了这一论点的具体表现,符合语境。其中的teach与空前的learning相呼应。故选G。
②空前一句 Peace of mind is the main link with happiness.表明心境的安宁是连接幸福的主要纽带,peace和happiness为关键词。D项(没有安宁就没有幸福)与之相呼应。故选D。
③设空处为段落的小标题,根据第一段的列举和本段内容可知,本段主要阐述失败对成功的作用。且按照文章小标题结构,此处应选择两个并列成分。故选A。
④本段小标题为Hope and despair,空后主要阐述希望的作用,此处应填入与希望相关的句子,C项(希望是生活前进的动力)符合语境。hope为关键词。故选C。
⑤本段小标题为Love,空前表明爱在生活中起关键作用,此处应进行相关阐述。F项(没有爱,人会变得残忍和暴力)符合语境。love为关键词。故选F。
12.答案：1-4.DABB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段的Mikah realised that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless可知,米卡放弃礼物是为了做慈善。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.和第三段内容可知,米卡能理解无家可归的人的处境,是因为他曾经有同样的境遇。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of "Santa's list of nice boys" that year可推知,米卡·弗赖伊最终得到了他想要的礼物——一台XBox游戏机。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。本文讲述了一个九岁男孩放弃自己的圣诞礼物为无家可归的人买毛毯的感人故事,所以最佳题目应是Mikah's Giving Warmth on Christmas。故选B。
2Unit 2 Success Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.As a soldier, he showed selfless _____ (devote) to duty.
知识点2 形容词的用法
2.We must make good use of our _____(limit) time and money.
3.I was inspired with confidence by his _____(motivate) words.
4.He has a _____(passion) interest in classical music.
5.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the most_________ (influence) painters during the Renaissance.
【提升能力】
6.她全力倾注于自己的事业。
She _________ her career.
7.这对夫妻深爱着彼此。
The couple _________ each other.
8.我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。
I could only devote two hours a day _________ the work.
9.我们的时间有没有限制？
_____________________ the amount of time we have
10.我们必须对此旅游费用定一个限额。
We must _____________________ the expense of the trip.
【综合素养】
11.Innovation (创新) skills play a vital role in your professional life. There have been various researches and studies conducted to design tips to improve innovation skills. Some of them are given below.
·Think outside the box
①_______. To grab that newness, you need more original ways of thinking. Hence, breaking the regular chain of thoughts and initiating a new one is necessary. You need to think something different from others associated with similar sorts of tasks.
·Creative thinking
Many times, creativity is a way of innovation. Creative thinking is a way of thinking by applying the techniques used to create something new. With creative thinking, you will desire a new innovative way of doing something which will empower you to innovate something new. ②_______
·Be a good listener
You should listen to others and try to think about their ideas and concepts. ③_______ Also, adaptability increases innovation. It would help if you tried adopting newer versions of solutions for the betterment of your company. Being a good listener will help you in having the skills to analyze different versions while thinking of some news of resolving any issue.
·④______
Sharing of ideas and concepts helps have better communication. With clear communication, you will be able to share your ideas in a more proper fashion, which will, in turn, offer you better chances of getting the right feedback about the effectiveness of your thoughts.
·Make decisions based on judgments
From the inferences of team activities or other tasks, you can make judgments about the current situations. ⑤______ These will help with innovation. Innovative ideas must be useful, and decisions based on judgments help in ensuring this.
A. Have clear communication.
B. Innovation means something new.
C. Develop ideas based on facts.
D. Innovation refers to being creative.
E. Be open to other points of view.
F. Decisions based on these judgments should be realistic.
G. As a result, it will effectively increase your innovation skills.
12. During Rick's birth in 1962, his brain was damaged for lack of oxygen. The doctors told Dick Hoyt that there was no hope of his son being anything more than a "vegetable". Yet Dick and his wife were determined to raise him at home.
At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled. Dick was not a runner, but he agreed to push Rick through the race course in his wheelchair. That was when a surprising thing happened. During the run, Rick felt as though he wasn't disabled anymore—he was simply one of the runners. This experience deeply affected Dick, and he committed himself to running an increasing number of events with his son so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible.
At first, other competitors often treated them as outsiders and even avoided them. But gradually, what began as a way for Rick Hoyt to experience inclusion and equality served its purpose. Running together became a way to send out a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life. The pair's first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change. Many athletes would come up to them before the race to wish them luck.
The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race. Dick has run thousands of miles to be with and support his son. Their athletic pursuits have enriched Rick's life and had practical benefits for Dick's life as well: After a heart attack, Dick's doctor told him he might have died 15 years earlier if he weren't in such good shape.
1.What inspired Dick to keep running with his son
A.Rick felt as if he was a healthy person when running.
B.Rick could raise money by taking part in running.
C.Rick's wish was to be an excellent runner one day.
D.Rick could rebuild his brain by running.
2.What message did the Hoyts send out by running
A.Everyone is a part of the world. B.No pain, no gain.
C.Where there's a will there's a way. D.Good things come to those who wait.
3.What changed others' attitudes to the Hoyts
A.Their talent for running. B.Their purpose of running.
C.Their donations to runners. D.Their achievement in running.
4.How long did the Hoyts insist on races
A.For 31 years. B.For 39 years. C.For 32 years. D.For 53 years.
答案以及解析
1.答案：devotion
2.答案：limited
3.答案：motivating
4.答案：passionate
5.答案：influential
解析：influence可以作名词或动词，意为"影响"，根据句中固定搭配one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词，意为"最……的……之一"，故设空处应为形容词，其空格前已有most修饰，故用形容词原形即可。故填influential。
6.答案：devoted herself to
7.答案：are devoted to
8.答案：to
9.答案：Is there any limit to
10.答案：set a limit to/on
11.答案：①-⑤ BGEAF
解析：①下文"To grab that newness, you need more original ways of thinking.(为了抓住这种新鲜感，你需要更多的原创思维方式）"说明要有更多的原创思维方式，以抓住新鲜感，B项中something new是关键词，B项"创新意味着新的东西"引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
②上文"With creative thinking, you will desire a new innovative way of doing something which will empower you to innovate something new.(有了创造性思维，你会渴望一种新的创新方式来做一些事情，这将赋予你创新的能力）"说明创造性思维会使得你创新，G项中it指代上文中的creative thinking，G项"因此，它将有效提高您的创新技能"承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
③上文"You should listen to others and try to think about their ideas and concepts.（你应该倾听他人的意见，并尝试思考他们的想法和观念）"说明应该倾听别人的意见，思考别人的想法和观念，E项"对其他观点持开放态度"进一步说明对他人的观点应持有的态度，承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
④空处为本段小标题。下文"Sharing of ideas and concepts helps have better communication. With clear communication, you will be able to share your ideas in a more proper fashion, which will, in turn, offer you better chances of getting the right feedback about the effectiveness of your thoughts.(分享想法和观念有助于更好地沟通。通过明确的沟通，你将能够以更恰当的方式分享你的想法，这反过来也会为你提供更好的机会，让你获得关于想法有效性的正确反馈)"说明明确的沟通很有益处，A项中clear communication是关键词，A项"有明确的沟通"引出下文，可以作为本段的标题句。故选A。
⑤上文"From the inferences of team activities or other tasks, you can make judgments about the current situations.(从团队活动或其他任务的推断中，您可以对当前情况做出判断）"说明要对当前情况做出判断，F项中these judgments是关键词，F项"基于这些判断的决定应该是现实的"承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
12.答案：1-4.AADB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的During the run, Rick felt as though he was't disabled anymore... so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible. 可知,在父亲推着里克跑步的过程中,里克感觉自己不再是残疾人,他的父亲迪克想让儿子经常拥有这种感觉,所以他坚持带着他的儿子一起跑步。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Running together became a way to send out a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life.可知,里克认为每个人都应该被接纳且融入日常生活中,即每个人都是世界的一部分。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的The pair's first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change.可知,霍伊特父子在马拉松比赛中取得成绩后,人们对他们的态度开始转变。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的During Rick's birth in 1962,his brain was damaged for lack of oxygen.可知,里克出生于 1962 年;第二段中的At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled. 提及了里克第一次提出想跑步时为13岁,此时年份为1962+13=1975年;最后一段中的The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race.提及霍伊特父子2013年最后一次参加比赛,所以他们坚持跑步的时间为1975年至2013年,共39年。故选B。
2Unit 2 Success Lesson 1 Money vs Success—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.He was substituted for another midfielder because of his _____(injure).
2.We would like to see closer _____(cooperate) between parents and schools.
知识点2 形容词的用法
3.They are deeply _____(appreciate) of your help.
知识点3 副词的用法
4.Whatever the scientists _____(ultimate) conclude, all of their data will immediately be doubted.
5.Mrs Chambers sits _____(comfortable) in her armchair, enjoying a cup of coffee.
【提升能力】
6.你会发现这么做没用。
You will find it _____ _____ it in this way.
7.我看看你的报纸行吗？
Do you mind _____ _____ _____ _____
8.我有点担心跟不上别的同学。
I am a bit worried about________ ________ ________ the other students.
9.他很固执。一旦他下定决心，没有人能改变它。
He is very stubborn. _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____, no one will change it.
10.如果你能提前告诉我你什么时候来，我将不胜感激。
I _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ when you'll come in advance.
【综合素养】
11. Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner." One reason was: "You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym," while another read: "①_____" With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ②_____ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility(灵活性) Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response. ③_____ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ④_____
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ⑤_____ Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good "seeking training partner" notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
12. If you have a can-do attitude towards everything, and you're creative and persistent, it's amazing what you can accomplish. During college, I remember being told that to fulfill my language requirement, I would "have to" take a class that I had no interest in and was meaningless to me. Instead of taking this class, however, I decided to create my own. So I put together a list of books I would read and the assignments I would do and found a teacher to sponsor me. I then went to the dean of the school and presented my case. He bought into my idea and I completed my language requirement by taking my self-built course.
American aviator Elinor Smith once said, "It had long since come to my attention that people of accomplishment rarely sat back and let things happen to them. They went out and happened to things."
It's so true. To reach your goals in life, you must seize the initiative. If you're feeling bad about not being asked out on dates, don't just sit around and sulk, do something about it. Find ways to meet people. Be friendly and try smiling a lot. Ask them out. They may not know how great you are.
Don't wait for that perfect job to fall in your lap; go after it. Send out your résumé on the network, and volunteer to work for free.
If you're at a store and need assistance, don't wait for the salesperson to find you; you find them.
Some people mistake the can-do attitude for being pushy, aggressive, or obnoxious. Wrong. The can-do attitude is courageous, persistent, and smart. Others think can-do people stretch the rules and make their own laws. Not so. Can-do thinkers are creative, enterprising, and extremely resourceful.
George Bernard Shaw, the English playwright, knew all about the can-do attitude. Listen to how he said it: "People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are. I don't believe in circumstances. The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and if they can't find them, they make them."
1.What are those can-do people more likely to do
A.They await in patience till their boss gives the approval.
B.They remain somewhat reserved in a romantic relationship.
C.They always challenge people who think differently.
D.They turn to their friends in WeChat when they need a hand.
2.By saying "I don't believe in circumstances" he means "______________".
A.It's circumstances not the people that are to blame for what they are
B.One should get up earlier in order to find a way out
C.Have the initiative and you are in a better position to win
D.He is eager to get on in the world
3.How does the writer present his idea
A.By illustration. B.By example. C.By reason. D.By story.
答案以及解析
1.答案：injury
2.答案：cooperation
解析：考查词性转换。句意:我们想要看到家长和学 校间更密切的合作。此处作宾语，应用名词形式。故填cooperation。
3.答案：appreciative
4.答案：ultimately
5.答案：comfortably
6.答案：useless doing
7.答案：me/my reading your newspapers
8.答案：keeping up with
解析：考查动词短语。"跟上"使用动词短语keep up with，about是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填keeping up with。
9.答案：Once he makes up his mind
10.答案：would appreciate it if you could tell me
11.答案：CDBGF
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文"You'll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym," while another read:(如果你知道有人在健身房等你,你实际上会出现的。)和下文With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle competition.(与锻炼伙伴,你会增加你的训练努力,因为有一个微妙的竞争。)可知,本段说明锻炼伙伴的重要性,C项"如果你和别人一起训练,你会更努力。"符合语境。故选C。
②细节理解题。根据下文Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner (或者你只是想要身体健康,能够以力量和灵活性移动 想想你想和你的健身伙伴一起做的运动 )可知,空处与其并列,也应是一个疑问句,D项"你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗 "符合语境。故选D。
③细节理解题。根据下文If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼,那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)可知,that person对应B项中的A workout partner。B项"锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。"符合语境。故选B。
④推理判断题。根据上文My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.(我的搭档把她的请求张贴在当地公园的布告栏上。她的通知包括她想做什么样的训练,一周多少天,每次训练要花多少时间,以及她的年龄。通知还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动,并提供了她的电话号码。)可知,本段与告示的内容有关,G项"任何训练伙伴的通知都应包括这些信息。"符合语境。故选G。
⑤细节理解题。根据上文You and your partner will probably have different skills.(你和你的搭档可能会有不同的技能。)可知,different skills对应F项中的differences。F项"接受你们的不同,学会彼此合作。"符合语境。故选F。
12.答案：1-3.DCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据开头表格CAN-DO PEOPLE 部分的"Take initiative to make it happen" "Think about problems and barriers"和"Act"可知,乐观进取的人会主动去思考问题和障碍,然后采取行动。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的"The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and if they can't find them, they make them."可知,在这个世界上取得成功的人,会努力去寻找他们想要的外部环境,如果找不到,他们便自己创造。所以,这句话的意思是"掌握主动才更可能成功"。 故选C。
3.推理判断题。在文章第一段作者写自己在大学期间如何完成语言学习并获得学分是为了引出话题。故选B。
2Unit 2 Success Writing Workshop—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.We have had a discussion about whether an _____(enter) fee should be charged for parks.
2.As a foreigner, I cannot but be proud of your historic _____(achieve).
3.Air quality has improved thanks to the wide _____(promote) of clean energy and reduction in the emission of waste gas.
知识点2 形容词的用法
4.What kind of _____(athlete) sports do you like
5.Thanks to the _____(advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.
【提升能力】
6.她戴着一顶完全过时的帽子。
She wore a hat quite _____________________.
7.为赶时髦她花费了不少钱。
She spends a lot of money ___________________.
8.我们应该为国家的发展做贡献。
We should _________________ the development of the country.
9.在他的领导下，他们的团队在这个科研项目中取得了巨大进展。(leadership)
_____ _____ _____, their team has made great progress in this scientific project.
10.参加这个艺术节让我对中国传统文化有了更深的了解。(enable)
Attending the Art Festival _____ me _____ _____ a deeper understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
【综合素养】
11. I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner(真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.
Easier said than done, of course. I didn't realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.
In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters(滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner.
I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.
Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.
1. What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner
A. His willingness to help mom.
B. His curiosity about machines.
C. His trouble in doing family chores.
D. His discontent with existing cleaners.
2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A. The help from the author's wife.
B. The financial problems of the family.
C. The tough process of the new invention.
D. The procedures of making a bagless cleaner.
3. Why did the companies refuse to license the author's technology
A. They thought they might suffer loss.
B. They considered it not good enough.
C. They faced legal problems themselves.
D. They had begun making such machines.
4. What lesson may we learn from the author's experience
A. Think twice before acting.
B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
12. A day in the life of 18-year-old David Lanster is full of teenage activities: school, baseball practice, homework. And then he starts cooking. "Some nights I'm up until 1 am making pies, or even later if we're cooking beef," said the student at Ransom Everglades High School in Florida, US.
For the past year, Lanster and Kelly Moran, his classmate, have been hosting fancy dinner parties at Lanster's parents' home. Their meals have 17 courses and are all made by them. Their guests used to give them gifts to thank them, until the pair decided to do something nice for charity. "We got some really great Miami Heat tickets, a nice watch, and many kitchen machines," Lanster said. "But we wanted to make this something positive for people rather than us."
Lanster and Moran focused on Common Threads, a charity(慈善机构) that helps to teach kids in poor neighbourhood to cook and make healthy eating choices. The young cooks ask their guests to give however much they want as payment for their meals. It all goes to Common Threads because Lanster's parents cover their food costs. After their last 12-person event, Lanster and Moran gave $1,600 to the charity. Now, they're taking their show out of the kitchen and on the road. Lanster and Moran have started to organise private dinner parties in a similar way: the host pays for the ingredients(食材), and the guests make a donation(捐赠) to a charity.
Outside the kitchen, the two are busy preparing their college applications. Neither is sure what they will do in the future, but they've promised their parents that they'll leave cooking alone until they finish high school.
1.Why does Lanster and Moran cook now
A.To get gifts from guests. B.To raise money for charity.
C.To become cooks. D.To make healthier eating choices.
2.What can we infer about Lanster and Moran
A.They will give up cooking forever.
B.They are sure about their future jobs.
C.Their parents support cooking as a job.
D.They will stop cooking for college applications.
3.Which of the following words can best describe Lanster and Moran
A.Selfish and reliable. B.Creative and helpful.
C.Confident and careful. D.Outgoing and patient.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Great Cook B.Eat as You Wish
C.Helping by Cooking D.Cooking for School Fees
答案以及解析
1.答案：entrance
2.答案：achievement
3.答案：promotion
4.答案：athletic
5.答案：advanced
6.答案：out of fashion
7.答案：to follow the fashion
8.答案：make a contribution to/contribute to
9.答案：Under his leadership
10.答案：enables/ enabled; to have/ gain/ obtain
11.答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked，I decided to make a bagless one 可知，作者讨厌真空吸尘器运转的方式，即他对现有的吸尘器不满意。故选D。
2.主旨大意题。文章第二段主要讲述了作者在发明无袋吸尘器的过程中遭遇的困难，包括经济困难、设计失败等，即该段介绍了新发明的艰难发明过程。故选C。
3.细节理解题。由第三段中的No one would licence my idea, not because it was a bad one，but because it was bad for business.可知，这些公司认为他们可能会遭受损失。故选A。
4.推理判断题。作者在生活困难的情况下，经历了无数次的失败，最终取得了成功，因此我们可以从中得出“失败是成功之母”这一道理。故选B。
12.答案：1-4.BDBC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Lanster and Moran focused on Common Threads, a charity that helps to teach kids in poor neighbourhood to cook and make healthy eating choices.(兰斯特和莫兰关注的是Common Threads,这是一家慈善机构,帮助贫困社区的孩子学会做饭,并作出健康的饮食选择。)可知,兰斯特和莫兰现在做饭是为了给慈善事业筹款。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,为了申请大学,他们将停止做饭。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Their meals have 17 courses and are all made by them.可知他们很有创造性;再根据Their guests used to give them gifts to thank them, until the pair decided to do something nice for charity. 可知他们乐于帮助别人。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了兰斯特和莫兰通过做饭筹钱, 并将钱全部捐给慈善机构的故事。故选C。
2Unit 2 Success Topic Talk—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.The boss deducted(扣除)100 dollars from the salary of the ________ (employ)as a punishment.
2.We were deeply touched by his ________________(commit) to high-speed railway construction.
知识点2 形容词的用法
3.She was a brave and _______________(determine) girl with rich imagination.
4.I gathered from the way she replied that she wasn't very _________ (enthusiasm).
5.His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ________ (ambition) and serious than his earlier books.
【提升能力】
6.他因为什么受到老师的惩罚呢？
_____________________________________ he was punished by his teacher
7.没有足够的证据就下结论毫无意义。
____________________ drawing a conclusion without enough evidence.
8.你决不应该灰心丧气。继续努力，你迟早会成功的。（用部分倒装结构）
__________________ lose heart—keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
9.听众很快意识到他们所听绝非凡品，演出结束的那一刻，全场爆发出热情的欢呼。
The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they
________ ________ ________ ________ at the end of the symphony.
10.他是因为表现太差才受到老师惩罚的吗？
_____________________________________he behaved badly ______________________ he was punished by his teacher
【综合素养】
11. Like many, I felt pressure from my parents and teachers to go to university and study something academic. With top grades I received at the end of high school, I was almost able to enter any course of my pick. Yet the thought of spending the next few years facing the four walls of a classroom caused a lump(肿块) in my throat.
After a year majoring in photography at university, which was not just what I expected, I made the decision to take a break and go on a gap year. In fact, I gained more knowledge in the real world in four months than I did from my entire schooling, but most importantly, I learnt so much about myself.
One day, my posted photos were noticed by Topdeck Travel, and they asked if they could use some of my travel pictures for their posters. This really was the beginning of my career. I began developing my relationship with Topdeck Travel, and before long, I got my first paid travelling overseas to take photographs.
Soon I reached the point where I had to make a decision—either to play it safe, go back to university and settle down like everyone else, or to follow my heart and go my own way—a path with an uncertain future. I chose the latter, and it was the scariest and best decision I have ever made.
Five years after leaving school, I might not have a university degree, a well-paid job, a husband or a house with a white fence. Instead, I'm sitting at my office, with a cafe by a beach at Goa, India. As I stare past my laptop screen at the sun setting beyond the waves, a salty breeze touches my face.
To me, success is about pursuing my dreams and creating my own path instead of trying to follow someone else's. Somehow, I feel like my life is exactly where it is meant to be.
1.What did the author think of going to university
A.She took it seriously. B.She showed little interest.
C.She looked forward to it. D.She thought it was a must.
2.What benefit did the author gain from her gap year
A.The knowledge about the real world.
B.Her paid overseas travel experience.
C.Realising what she really wanted in her life.
D.Knowing what really mattered at university.
3.What can we infer about the author from the passage
A.She regrets not going back to university.
B.She gets less knowledge in the real world.
C.She feels quite satisfied with her present life.
D.She misses the days working for Topdeck Travel.
12. When Oliver Sacks, 82, died on August 30 at his home in New York City, the world was saddened by the loss of a brilliant neurologist(神经学者) and a truly beautiful mind.
London-born Sacks was most famous for his writing. A Forbes obituary(讣告) calls him "One of the greatest writers of science of the past 50 years. Maybe the greatest."
In his best-selling 1985 book, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Sacks described a man who could not tell the difference between his wife's face and his hat, because his brain had difficulty telling what he saw.
In 2006, Discover magazine ranked it among the 25 greatest science books of all time, declaring, Lots of neuroscientists now looking into the mysteries of the human brain cite this book as their greatest inspiration.
His 1973 book, Awakenings, is about a group of patients who were frozen in a decades-long sleep until Sacks tried a new treatment. The book led to a 1990 movie in which Sacks was acted by Robin Williams. It was nominated(提名) for three Academy Awards.
Another book, An Anthropologist on Mars, published in 1995, described cases like that of a painter who lost his colour vision in a car accident but found new creative power in black-and-white images. Sacks also wrote the story of a 50-year-old man who suddenly regained sight after nearly a lifetime of blindness. The experience was a disaster. The man's brain could not make sense of the visual world. After a full and rich life as a blind person, he became "a very disabled and miserable(悲惨的) sighted man", Sacks wrote. "When he went blind again, he was rather glad of it."
Despite the drama and unusual stories, Sacks' books were not meant to be freak shows. "Oliver Sacks humanises illness... he writes of body and mind, and from every one of his case studies there shows a feeling of respect for the patient and for the illness, "Roald Hoffmann, a Nobel Prize-winning chemist, said in 2001.
When Sacks received the Lewis Thomas Prize for science writing in 2002, the citation(荣誉状) declared,
"Sacks presses us to follow him into unknown areas of human experience and forces us to realise, once there, that we are facing only ourselves."
1.The following statements are wrong EXCEPT ____________.
A.The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat was ranked among the 25 greatest science books
B.An Anthropologist on Mars led to a movie in which Sacks was acted by Robin Williams
C.In Awakenings, Sacks recorded a man who regained sight after a lifetime blindness
D.Awakenings is often cited by neuroscientists to prove the mystery of the human brain
2.Why was Sacks called one of the greatest writers of science over the past 50 years
A.He was born in London and most famous for his writing.
B.He was a brilliant neurologist and had a truly beautiful mind.
C.He received the Lewis Thomas Prize for science writing in 2002.
D.He wrote a series of books, the influence of which was great.
3.The underlined word "freak" in Para. 7 can be replaced by "______________".
A.pure B.common C.unusual D.attractive
4.The passage is mainly about __________.
A.the awards Oliver Sacks won B.the life experiences of Oliver Sacks
C.the influence of Oliver Sacks' works D.the reasons why Oliver Sacks succeeded
答案以及解析
1.答案：employee
解析：句意为：老板从那个员工的工资中扣除了100美元作为罚款。设空处前有定冠词山e，且根据语境可知，此处表示"雇员"。故填 employee。
2.答案：commitment
解析：考查名词。句意：他对高速铁路建设的奉献深深打动了我们。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。commit的名词形式为commitment，意为"(对工作或某活动)献身；奉献；投入; 承诺"。故填commitment。
3.答案：determined
解析：根据句意和分析句子结构可知，此处应把determine变成形容词determined的形式来修饰后面的名词girl。故填determined。
4.答案：enthusiastic
解析：考查形容词。句意：我从她回答的方式得知，她不是很热情。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作表语，"enthusiasm"意为"热情"，名词词性，对应的形容词为"enthusiastic"，意为"热情的"。故填enthusiastic。
5.答案：ambitious
解析：and前后连接并列成分，and后为形容词原级，故此处使用形容词原级ambitious，由than可知此处应该使用比较级，more+形容词原级构成比较级。more...than比……更……。故填ambitious。
6.答案：Why was it that
7.答案：There is no sense (in)
8.答案：In no sense should you
9.答案：broke into enthusiastic cheers
解析：考查动词短语、时态、形容词和名词。根据汉语提示，"爆发"是动词短语break into，连词and前面的句子是一般过去时，前后时态应保持一致，所以break into也要用一般过去时，为broke into。表示"热情的"用形容词enthusiastic，做定语修饰其后的名词。表示"欢呼"用名词cheer, cheer译为"欢呼"时是可数名词，所以要用名词复数cheers。故答案为broke into enthusiastic cheers。
10.答案：Was it because; that
11.答案：1-3.BCC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"After a year majoring in photography at university, which was not just what I expected, I made the decision to take a break and go on a gap year."可知,在大学里学习摄影专业和作者期望的不一样,所以作者决定"go on a gap year", 并且没有重返校园。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第四段中的"I chose the latter, it was the scariest and best decision I have ever made."可知,休学一年的经历让她做出了最好的决定,让她意识到了什么是她想要的。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后两段作者对自己现在生活的描述可知,她对自己的生活很满意。故选C。
12.答案：1-4.ADCC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"In 2006, Discover magazine ranked it among the 25 greatest science books of all time"可知,2016 年,《发现》杂志将《The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat》列为25本最伟大的科学著作之一。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段到第六段的内容可知,Sacks被称为过去50年来最伟大的科学作家之一是因为他写了包括《The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat》,《Awakenings》,《An Anthropologist on Mars》在内的一系列影响很大的书。故选D。
3.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的"Oliver Sacks humanises illness... he writes of body and mind, and from every one of his case studies there shows a feeling of respect for the patient and for the illness"可知,Sacks将疾病人性化,他写的是身体和精神,从他的每一个案例研究中都显示出对病人和疾病的尊重。因此可推断出此处是说尽管书中充满戏剧性和不寻常的故事,但Sacks的书并不是畸形展览,由此可知画线词词义为"不寻常的"。pure纯洁的;common普通的;unusual 不寻常的;attractive有吸引力的。故选C。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了伟大的科学作家Oliver Sacks的几部作品及其影响。故选C。
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