(共33张PPT)
语法专项之
名词
1.名词的单复数
3.名词的所有格
2.名词的不可数名词
名词的定义
表示人、事物、地方、现象以及其他抽象概念名称的名词。
名词的类型
名词
普通名词
专有名词
可数名词
不可数名词
个体名词
集体名词
物质名词
抽象名词
1.名词的单复数
可数名词的复数变化规律(1)
chair book
grape desk
- chairs
- books
- grapes
- desks
一般情况下,直接在名词后面加S
bus
brush
box
watch
- buses
- brushes
- boxes
以-s,-sh,-x,-ch结尾的名词+es
- watches
可数名词的复数变化规律(2)
story
city
family
baby
- stories
- cities
- families
以y结尾的名词,把y改成i再加es
- babies
可数名词的复数变化规律(3)
potato photo
tomato piano
hero radio
zoo
- potatoes
- photos
- tomatoes
以O结尾,有生命+es,无生命+s
- pianos
- heroes
- radios
有生命的
无生命的
- zoos
可数名词的复数变化规律(4)
knife
thief
leaf
wolf
- knives
- thieves
- leaves
以f, fe结尾的名词, 把f或fe改成v再加es
- wolves
可数名词的复数变化规律(5)
Let’s say
cat
box
city
pen
boy
half
fish
sheep
ruler
特殊情况
1. 变元音, oo变ee,男人\女人a变e
foot-feet
tooth-teeth
goose-geese
man-men
woman-women
policeman-policemen
policewoman-policewomen
businssman-businessmen
特殊情况
2.某国人,中日不变,英法变,其余-s加后面
Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
Englishman-Englishmen, Frenchman-frenchmen
American-Americans, German-Germans
Chinese
Japanese
deer
sheep
fish
- fish
- sheep
- deer
中日骑鹿去吃涮羊鱼肉。
- Chinese
- Japanese
特殊情况
3. 单复同形:
person
child
mouse
- mice
- people
- children
特殊情况
4. 没有规律的变化
人们和孩子们一起去抓老鼠。
特殊情况
6.形式上是复数,但其实是单数
news, maths, politics, physics
7.形式上单数,但其实是复数
people, children, staff
Let’s choose
Sam ate two _____last night.
A.sandwich
B.sandwichs
C.sandwiches
Let’s choose
These are five____on the table.
A.radioes
B.tomatoes
C.potatos
Let’s choose
I have twenty-five _____on my farm.
A.goose
B.gooses
C.geese
2. 不可数名词
不可数名词:不能用a/an来修饰
常见的不可数名词有:
1.气体类 air(空气); oxygen(氧气)
2.液体类 water(水); tea(茶); coffee(咖啡); milk(牛奶); juice(果汁); coke(可乐); jam(果酱); rain(雨); snow(雪)
3.粉末颗粒类 sugar(糖); salt(盐); flour(面粉); chalk(粉笔)
不可数名词:不能用a/an来修饰
常见的不可数名词有:
4.肉类 meat(肉类); chicken(鸡肉); beef(牛肉); fish(鱼肉); pork(猪肉); lamb(羊肉)
5.主食 rice(米饭); bread(面包)
6.其他 paper(纸); money(钱); fun(玩乐); music(音乐);
news(新闻);advice(建议); information(信息);
work(工作); housework(家务); homework(作业);
love; happiness(快乐); exercise(运动)
填写正确的单词形式
1.I take some nice______(photo).
2.Can you borrow me six ______(knife).
3.Would you like some ______(juice).
4.There are two _____(deer) in the forest.
5.I hurt my two _____(foot).
photos
knives
juice
deer
feet
不可数名词修的“量”
不可数名词没有复数形式,需要借“量词”来表示量。
1.量词可以是单数或者复数。
2.量词是复数形式的时候,谓语动词则用复数。
There are two bottles of juice in the fridge.
We need a piece of paper to write.
类型 英语 含义 例子
容器单位词 cup 杯 a cup of coffee;seven cups of coffee
glass (玻璃)杯 a glass of milk;eight glasses of milk
bottle 瓶 a bottle of juice;nine bottles of juice
box 盒、箱 a box of milk;ten boxes of milk
bag 袋 a bag of rice;eleven bags of rice
不可数名词计量的表达
不可数名词计量的表达
类型 英语 含义 例子
个数单位词 piece 张\片 a piece of paper;two pieces of paper
drop 滴 a drop of water;three drops of water
pile 堆 a pile of wood;four piles of wood
3.名词的所有格
所有格用法
1.一般情况下,在有生命的名词后加’s
Jason’s room
Mandy’s pen
2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后面加’
teachers’ office
students’ desks
知识讲解
3.名词所有格表“共有”,“各自拥有”。
Mary and Lisa’s bedroom. ---共有的卧室
Mary’s and Lisa’s bedroom. ---各自的卧室
4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词
the color of the door
a photo of my mother
所有格 ’s\of 翻译为“……的”
Let’s write
Ben 和 Lisa 的爸爸
一张中国地图
教室的门
一张Gina的画
一张Ken的照片
1.Ben and Lisa’s father
2. a map of China
3. a door of classroom
4. a picture of Gina’s
5. a photo of Ken’s
Let’s choose
These are my books.
_____books are over there.
A.Lisa
B.Lisa’s
C.Lisa’
Let’s choose
This is _____mother.
A.he’s
B.Sam’s
C.Sam’s and Ken’s
Let’s choose
This is a photo _____my family.
A.of
B.for
C.to
Let’s write
1. The watches on the table are that_____(lady).
2. This is the______(lady) room.
3. There is interesting news in______ (today) newspaper.
4. This is the_____(twin) bedroom.
5. Whose pants are these Are these ____(you)
lady’s
lady’s
today’s
twins'
yours