人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future 单元测试（含解析）

Unit 2 Looking into the Future
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Shape
Shape is a magazine for American women with active lifestyles. This women's health magazine covers everything from diet and exercise to psychology. What is great about Shape is that it knows that it must cover a lot more than Fitness to give women all the information they need to stay healthy. Besides all the great features included in the print magazine, it also has an easily accessible(易进入的) website that anyone can use.
Woman's Day
Woman's Day not only is specifically a women's health magazine, but also includes a little of what Shape has, along with more information on other parts of life: family, money, travel and style. Many of the articles in Woman's Day deal with specific diseases that are common to women, such as heart disease, breast cancer and others.
Women's Health
From tips to recent health news to articles about world affairs, Women's Health has everything that you expect in a women's health magazine. Another great feature is that Womens Health has a great website full of information, as well as articles from past magazines that you can check out. This is a great resource, since it lets you get to see articles well at the office.
Fitness
This magazine covers important topics such as physical fitness, health & beauty, and mental health. It offers something new in each issue, and it's always easy to understand. The workouts (锻炼) are clearly presented with good photos to illustrate (说明) every movement, and almost all can be done without making a trip to the gym.
1.What's the purpose of writing the text
A.To describe some famous websites.
B.To introduce some health magazines for women.
C.To predict the best-selling health magazines.
D.To advertise some fashion magazines for women.
2.How is Woman‘s Day different from the others
A.It gives people a lot of health information.
B.It provides information on heart disease.
C.It includes many articles about exercise tips.
D.It deals with many topics about life.
3.What makes the information in Fitness easy to understand
A.Good examples. B.Illustrative pictures. C.Interesting stories. D.Important topics.
B
For years the Italian city of Venice has been struggling with a few concerns. Saint Mark's Square is often flooded. Venice's waterways require repairs. But, by far, the biggest problem is the rapidly growing number of visitors to the city.
So city officials have decided to require all visitors to pay a fee to enter Venice. The money will help to pay for cleaning and other services that help to keep the city beautiful.
Venice's mayor Luigi Brugnaro explained the decision to international media during a visit to Rome last week. "Venice is a wonder of the world and only in this way can it be saved," the mayor said. "The fee process will be experimental at first," he added.
A one-day visit will cost about $ 7. City officials have yet to decide when the fee collection will begin. The money will be collected by transport companies that bring the tourists to Venice. The city will set up cameras for those arriving by private cars. And there will be fines for those who do not pay the fee. Students, some workers and children under the age of six will not have to pay. Naturally, anyone born or living in Venice is exempt.
City officials hope this will prevent the overcrowding that often comes with large numbers of tourists. Some people living in Venice say they do not believe the fee plan will work. Lawyer Roberta Pierabon says it will be impossible to collect the money from everyone who visits the city. Visitors arrive from all sides. She does not believe tourists can be controlled and added that she disapproved of the plan. Other Venetians like the idea. They say it will make tourism less aggressive. Venetians love their city and know it will never stop appealing to visitors. Venice is so special, they say, that it belongs to the whole of humanity.
4.What is the biggest problem that arises in Venice
A.The visitor boom. B.The poor city service.
C.The frequent flood. D.The waterway repair.
5.How will city officials deal with the big problem
A.By educating citizens. B.By charging fees.
C.By doing experiments. D.By turning to media.
6.What does the underline word "exempt" probably mean in Paragraph 4
A.Asked to stay. B.Permitted to settle. C.Required not to enter. D.Allowed not to pay.
7.Who opposed the fee plan
A.Mayor Luigi Brugnaro. B.All Venetians.
C.Lawyer Roberta Pierabon. D.City officials.
C
Imagine a future where all farming is done by machine, and humans never set foot in the fields. In Shropshire in the UK, engineers in the Hands Free Hectare project are developing automated tractors and drones to grow and harvest crops.
One reason why the sector is on the up is that global demand for food is rapidly increasing. The World Bank estimates we will need to produce 50% more food by 2050 if the planet's population continues to grow at its current speed. Add to this, yields will decrease by over a quarter due to climate change, and the situation looks serious. Could futuristic farming provide the answer
One company in Japan believes so. The firm Spread has dispensed with farming on land altogether, and instead grows vegetables on stacks of trays indoors in an automated factory. "In countries like Japan, where land is actually a very scarce resource, it makes more sense to stack your production, just like a skyscraper," says JJ Price, Spread's global marketing manager. Mr Price told the BBC that this method of vertical farming not only reduces costs by 50%, but it is also greener. LED lights cut energy bills by a third, and 98% of water can be recycled. By growing crops close to where people consume them, transport costs and emissions are also minimised, he says.
And where will we buy this futuristic food Perhaps in shops with no staff Amazon has recently launched its first Amazon Go store in the US, which has no checkouts. Customers simply pick their items from the shelves, and technology does the rest.
All this begs the question: if everything is automated, what jobs will people do The mechanisation of farming means fewer and fewer people work the land. From 1950 to 2010, agricultural labourers have decreased from 81% to 48.2% of the workforce in developing countries, and from 35% to 4.2% in developed countries, according to the International Labour Organization. It's a trend that looks set to continue.
8.Why do people develop agricultural robotics
A.To change the climate. B.To liberate the workforce.
C.To control the population growth. D.To meet the increasing demand for food.
9.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3
A.changed B.developed C.done away with D.taken up
10.Why does Mr Price think vertical farming makes particular sense in Japan
A.Workforce is too limited.
B.Transport costs may decrease.
C.There is so little land available for farming.
D.The technology has reached a high level.
11.What can be the best title for the text
A.Farming Technology
B.The Future of Food Production
C.Employment Trend
D.Future Shops with No Staff
D
Dogs are our best friends. That's especially true after a disaster, such as an earthquake. When buildings fall down, search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people. Dogs' amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors. Now scientists have developed an electronic tool that does the same thing. It's taking smell detection(探测) to a whole new level.
The new invention is a sort of electronic nose, which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds(化合物) from people's skin. This isn't the first time engineers have developed such an object. Earlier models, however, have been bulky and expensive. They could not detect low levels of target compounds either. The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.
The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time. "Being able to do this, in such a small object, is the significant discovery," says Sotiris E. Pratsinis, Professor of Process Engineering and Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. His team tested it in special spaces. They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped. Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside. The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.
The results were good news for the research team. But they may be not for our four-legged friends, who could soon be out of a job. "Ideally, this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs," Pratsinis says.
Stephen Taylor, an electrical engineer, agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs. Still, he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire. He suspects, "I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs." Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention. "E-noses are useful, but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption," he says.
11.Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning
A.To catch the readers' attention.
B.To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C.To show what search-and-rescue dogs do.
D.To add background information for discussion.
12.Which of the following best explains "bulky" underlined in Paragraph 2
A.Complex. B.Fragile. C.Handy. D.Large.
13.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.What e-noses' working principle is.
B.How e-noses are made.
C.What differences between dogs and e-noses are.
D.How powerful e-noses are.
14.What does Stephen Taylor mean
A.Dogs and e-noses could work together.
B.Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C.E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs.
D.Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you need to prove who you are in China, you will usually need to use an ID card. It shows your name, date of birth, address, nationality, photo and ID number. ①____________
Last year, Alipay introduced its first electronic ID card. The card is an electronic version of the real ID card and is recognized by the Ministry of Public Security. ②____________ Users can simply select "Web ID" in the app and follow the instructions.
The electronic ID card can now be used in Hangzhou, Suzhou and Fuzhou. People in these three cities can use the card to check into hotels, buy train tickets and do other tasks. ③____________
About 4 million people will be able to use the service within the next year. "④____________ Even if they forget their ID cards, they can still get things done. Since the process is simplified, it also makes things easier for government offices and companies," the Mayor of Suzhou told Zhangjie online.
It's safe to use Alipay's new service, in case you are worried that someone might steal your identity. ⑤____________ Then, you have to pass both a fingerprint and facial recognition scan before you can use the electronic ID card.
A. This gives people another choice.
B. The safety of the electronic ID card is the main concern.
C. They don't have to show their standard ID cards anymore.
D. But not all people have welcomed the electronic ID card.
E. But now, you can prove your identity using your smartphone.
F. It's quite easy to get an electronic ID card by using the Alipay app.
G. First, you must unlock your phone, and enter your Alipay password.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many of the world's pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. To supply the needs of the people 1 further pollution by industry. 2 the rapid increase in human pollution continues 3 the present rate, there may be much greater harm. Some scientists speak of the increase in the number of people 4 "population pollution".
About 2,000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 million. It 5 about one billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was about two billion. It is now over seven billion. And it is 6 to be over 9 billion by the year 2050. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there would be twenty-five billion people in the 7 a hundred years from now!
Man has been 8 the earth's resources more and more 9 over the years. Some of them are almost gone. Now many people believe that man's greatest problem is how to control the 10 of his own population. The materials in the world will not support the human 11 , in time to come, if the 12 rate of increase continues. Already there is overcrowding in the cities and 13 in some countries. Can man's increase rate 14 Many people believe that human survival in the future 15 on the answer to this question.
1.A.runs across B.leads to C.results from D.brings out
2.A.Whether B.If C.Unless D.And
3.A.at B.on C.in D.by
4.A.like B.to C.as D.for
5.A.reached B.got C.arrived D.went
6.A.said B.expected C.planned D.arranged
7.A.star B.country C.would D.end
8.A.using B.destroying C.discovering D.digging
9.A.seriously B.dangerously C.rapidly D.steadily
10.A.existence B.start C.growth D.birth
11.A.population B.interests C.survival D.needs
12.A.present B.yesterday C.today D.past
13.A.coldness B.hunger C.thirsty D.drought
14.A.raise B.continue C.end D.up
15.A.depends B.agrees C.saves D.passes
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traffic jams are common problem in large cities. In some cities, traffic jams get so bad during rush hour that it is sometimes ①____________(fast) to walk than to drive. Traffic accidents are also a problem. Sadly, these problems are not easy to solve. However, a traffic system being tested in several cities in Northern Europe has led to some surprising ②____________ (result).
The system ③____________ (call) "shared streets". It is a system that has very few traffic laws. As a result, shared street areas have no traffic lights or street signs. Although most people would expect this to cause the number of traffic jams and accidents ④____________ (go) up, until now ⑤____________ has been a great drop in both. One reason ⑥____________ (be) that the shared streets system encourages people to be more ⑦____________ (care). Without traffic rules, people slow down and pay more attention ⑧____________ each other. Normal traffic systems, on the other hand, depend on signs, ⑨____________ people often miss or don't follow, leading to accidents. Also, the shared streets system decreases traffic jams because without fixed(固定的) parking spaces, it is easier for cars to move around ⑩____________ (free) when there is a lot of traffic.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
假如你是李华,学校论坛英文版想邀请你写一篇介绍微信(WeChat)利弊的文章。内容要点如下:
1.微信的益处;
2.微信的弊端;
3.你的看法。
注意:1.词数100左右:
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The Cup of Coffee
It should have been a normal trip to the supermarket. My son was little, and it was getting close to naptime, so I was in a hurry. I remember feeling a sense of accomplishment as I got him into the car without any tears. Then I went to start the car and realized my keys were gone. After a few minutes of checking around, I realized that I must have locked them in the trunk with my bag.
I wasn't sure what to do, so I took my son out of his car seat and went back inside the store with my cart still full of groceries. I had to use their phone to call my husband for the spare key because my phone was in the bag I had locked in the trunk. After several calls and messages with no answer, I was getting annoyed. My son was tired and getting nervous. I was exhausted from a sleepless night that all moms go through when their kids are teething. When he went into full-on crying, I felt the tears comedown my face, too.
An employee at the store patted me on the shoulder and asked me to come with her. I was panicked, thinking that I was going to be scolded and thrown into the storage area to keep us quiet. To my surprise, the employee took me to the Starbucks café that was inside the store. She asked me if I drank coffee. When I said yes, she walked over to the counter and came back with one for me.
I told her how stupid it was to lock my keys in the car, and she assured me it happened to many people. As we talked, my son settled into a sound sleep in my arms. Fifteen minutes later, her break was over, and she had to get back to work. She said if I couldn't get in touch with my husband, they would call someone to come out and get the trunk open.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
My husband was contacted and arrived at last.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I've become a person willing to help others thanks to that cup of coffee.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：B
解析：写作意图。通读全文可知,本文介绍了四本与女性健康有关的杂志的具体信息,故选B。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解。依据Woman's Day中的"along with more information on other parts of life: family, money, travel and style"可知,Woman's Day杂志中含有关于人们生活的其他方面的信息,故选D。
3.答案：C
解析：细节理解。依据尾段中的"The workouts(锻炼)are clearly presented with good photos to illustrate(说明) every movement"可知,Fitness杂志中有许多图片对内容进行说明,帮助读者理解杂志内容,故选B。
B
4.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句"But, by far, the biggest problem is the rapidly growing number of visitors to the city."可知,目前最大的问题是来这个城市参观的游客数量急速增加。
5.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由第二段的第一句"So city officials have decided to require all visitors to pay a fee to enter Venice."可知,市政府官员们决定通过向进入威尼斯参观的游客收费来解决这一问题。
6.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。前面提到"学生、一些工人和六岁以下的儿童不用付费",结合"Naturally, anyone born or living in Venice..."可知,出生在威尼斯或者生活在威尼斯的人也不用付费,所以选D项。
7.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的"She does not believe tourists can be controlled and added that she disapproved of the plan."可知,Lawyer Roberta Pierabon不赞同这个方案。
C
8.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句"One reason why the sector is on the up is that global demand for food is rapidly increasing..."和"...need to produce 50% more food by 2050."可知,我们对粮食的需求在快速增长,为了满足这一需求,人们开始研发农业机器人。
9.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的后半句话instead grows vegetables on stacks of trays indoors in an automated factory可知,这家公司不再在土地上耕种,而是采用了一种全新的种植方式。
10.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句"...Japan, where land is actually a very scarce resource, it makes more sense to stack your production..."可知, 日本土地稀少,故vertical farming在日本有特殊意义。
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍农业机器人;第二段介绍人类面临的问题使农业自动化意义重大;最后提出vertical farming这种种植方式。全文围绕提高未来粮食产量展开,所以选B项。
D
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。第一段中, 作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途, 然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻。由此可以推断, 先提及狗是为了引出电子鼻的话题, 故选B项。
13.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Earlier models, however, have been bulky and expensive...The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.可知, 早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且"bulky", 新型的电子鼻则体积小巧, 可放入手持设备内, 新旧形成对比, 由此猜测bulky是"庞大"的意思, 故选D项。complex意为"复杂的"; fragile意为"易碎的"; handy意为"方便的"。
14.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物极其轻微的气味, 故选D项。
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs."可知, 斯蒂芬 泰勒认为电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作, 故选A项。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EFCAG
解析：①根据下文Last year, Alipay introduced its first electronic ID card. The card is an electronic version of the real ID card and is recognized by the Ministry of Public Security. (去年,支付宝推出了它的第一张电子身份证。该卡为电子版本的真实身份证,经过了公安部认可。)可知, 此处介绍了一种用智能手机证明身份的方式。故选E。
②根据下文Users can simply select “Web ID” in the app and follow the instructions.(用户可以简单地在应用程序中选择“Web ID”并按照说明操作即可。)可知使用支付宝应用程序很容易获得电子身份证。故选F。
③根据上文People in these three cities can use the card to check into hotels, buy train tickets and do other tasks.(这三个城市的人们可以用这张卡入住酒店、购买火车票和做其他事情。)可知使用电子身份证的人不再需要出示他们的标准身份证就可以处理日常事务。故选C。
④根据下文Even if they forget their ID cards, they can still get things done.(即使他们忘了身份证,他们仍然可以把事情办好。)可知电子身份证给了人们另一种办事的选择。故选A。
⑤下文Then, you have to pass both a fingerprint and facial recognition scan before you can use the electronic ID card.(然后,你必须通过指纹和面部识别扫描,才能使用电子身份证。)中的Then可对应到G选项中的First, G项“首先,你必须解锁你的手机,并输入你的支付宝密码。”符合语境。故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.BBACA; 6-10.BCACC; 11-15.DABBA
解析：1.根据上文中的Many of the world's pollution problems have been caused by...可知,人口大量涌入城市导致了污染问题。所以供应人们的需求导致了进一步的污染。lead to意为“导致”,符合语境。run across意为“不期而遇;撞见”;result from意为“产生于……;由……引起”;bring out意为“使显现;生产;出版”。
2.结合第二段最后一句If the population continues to grow at...可知,如果人口继续增加,污染也会随之变得更严重。根据语境选B项。
3.at...rate为固定搭配,意为“以……速度”。rate意为“速度”时应与介词at连用。
4.句意为:有些科学家把人口增长称作“人口污染”。speak of...as意为“把……称作”。
5.从上句的数字可以看出,世界人口一直在增长,所以本句表示人口数到1850年应是“达到”十亿左右。reach 意为“达到”,是及物动词,可以直接加宾语。get作“达到”讲时是不及物动词,不能直接跟宾语。故选A项。
6.根据下文中的by the year 2050可知,此处讲述未来的人口状况。expect意为“预期;预料”,it is expected...意为“预计……”。.故选B项。
7.根据上文内容可知,文章讲述的是世界人口问题,故选C项。
8.从下文内容Some of them are almost gone.可以推断,此处指人们对资源的使用,故选A项。
9.根据前后句内容可知,资源的枯竭是由于人们对资源的加速开采使用造成的,故选C项。
10.上文提到人口的急剧增长带来了很多问题,由此判断如果想要解决资源问题,就要控制人口的增长,故选C项。
11.结合第一段第二句To supply the needs of the people...可知,要满足人类的“需求”,此处与前文相呼应。need 此处为名词,意为“需求”。故选D项。
12.present 意为“目前的;现在的”,符合语境。
13.根据上文内容可知,世界资源贾乏,所以不能供给更多人去利用,人类就会遭遇饥饿问题。故选B项。
14.根据下文Many people believe that human survival in the future _________ on the answer to this question.可知,此处讨论的是人口的增长是否会以现在的速度“持续”下去。故选B项。
15.depend on意为“依赖”。根据前文可知,人口持续增长会导致环境污染问题,而环境污染会直接影响人类的未来,也就是说,人类未来的生存状况取决于人口增长速度的解决情况,故选A项。
第二节
答案：faster; results; is called; to go; there; is; careful; to; which; freely
解析：①根据后面的than可知,此处用形容词比较级,故填faster。
②result 是可数名词,前有some修饰,应用可数名词复数,故填results。
③句意为:这个系统叫作“共享街道”。call 是谓语动词,与主语The system之间是被动关系,且全文讲的是共享街道当下的状况,时态应为一般现在时,应该用一般现在时的被动语态,故填is called。
④句意为:虽然大多数人认为这会导致交通堵塞和交通事故数量增加,但到目前为止,两者都有大幅度的降低。cause sb/sth to do sth表示“致使某人/某物做某事”,故填to go。
⑤句意见上一题解析。此处为there be句型的完成式,表示“已经有”,故填there。
⑥主语是One reason,且为一般现在时,故填is。
⑦作表语应用形容词,故填careful。
⑧句意为:没有了交通规则,人们会放慢速度,更加注意彼此。pay attention to为固定搭配,意为“注意”,故填to。
⑨句意为:另一方面,正常的交通系统依赖标志,人们经常注意不到或不遵守(标志),从而导致事故(的发生)。___________ people often miss or don't follow是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词signs,指物,关系词在从句中作宾语,故填which。
⑩修饰动词短语move around 应用副词。free 作副词意为“免费地;松脱地”;freely作副词意为“自由地;畅通地”。故填freely。
第三节
答案：
More and more people are beginning to use Wechat and some have even become addicted to it. However, WeChat has both advantages and disadvantages.
WeChat really shortens the distance among people. No matter where we are, we can easily contact our friends. Besides, we can find friends, to whom we can tell our secrets. However, it also has disadvantages. First, some information offered in WeChat may be false and it may result in people being cheated. Second, some people spend too much time on WeChat, which greatly influences their normal life.
As far as I am concerned, WeChat is convenient but we should use it properly.
答案：
Paragraph 1:
My husband was contacted and arrived at last. After I got home that day, I kept thinking about what she had done for me and wanted to do something for her. When I saw her working again at the store, I told her how grateful I was. However, she accepted nothing in return and just told me to pay it forward. Recently, the store has closed, and I never saw her again, but I never have forgotten her kindness that day.
Paragraph 2:
I've become a person willing to help others thanks to that cup of coffee. Sometimes when I wait in line, I will let someone ahead of me. I will also pick up trash that someone tossed on the ground. I will always help a woman carry her heavy bags when I see her in trouble. I am so glad that I locked my keys in the car that day. Who would have thought one act of kindness could have so much of an effect on a person
2