人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement单元强化练习（含解析）
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Unit 1 People of Achievement
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Journalists who changed the world
Helen Thomas
Helen was a White House reporter who had a front row seat of history as she interviewed nine American presidents across her career. She was praised for her cruel drive, with one White House press secretary describing her questioning as torture (拷问 ). Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best known journalists in Washington and a role in her field.
Marie Colvin
The passionate and award-winning American journalist Marie Colvin worked as a foreign reporter at The Sunday Times from 1985 until she died in February 2012, doing what she loved. Marie crossed into Syria on the back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian government's attempt to prevent foreign journalists from entering the country.
Mary Garber
In 1946, sports journalism was a man's job where female sports writers weren't allowed to enter press boxes. Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. In June 2005, she became the first woman to receive the Associated Press Sports Editors' Red Smith Award, presented annually since 1981 for major contributions to sports journalism.
Ann Leslie
Few reporters have filed stories from more than 70 countries, but British journalist Ann Leslie is considered a unique force in journalism. Because the 73-year-old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century. She was there when the Berlin Wall came down, and she lost her shoes in the crush waiting for Nelson Mandela's release.
1.What can we know about Helen Thomas
A.She made friends with nine American presidents.
B.She was strong-minded and never gave in to others.
C.She often got into trouble due to her questions.
D.She was regarded as the best journalist in America.
2.Who opens the door for women sports reporters
A.Helen Thomas. B.Marie Colvin. C.Mary Garber. D.Ann Leslie.
3.Why is Ann Leslie called a unique force in journalism
A.She has visited many countries. B.She devotes herself to her job.
C.She has experienced some great events. D.She tried her best to save Nelson Mandela.
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War II hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: "I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path."
4.According to the text, von Neumann's father believed that ___.
A.a mathematician couldn't earn a lot of money
B.a mathematician needed a good memory
C.von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time
D.von Neumann had the gift for solving problems at a high speed
5.Von Neumann published his first book at the age of ___.
A.25 B.26 C.29 D.32
6.How did World War II affect John von Neumann
A.He realized the importance of engineering.
B.He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.
C.He left college and served at the government department.
D.He lost interest in chemistry.
7.From the last paragraph, we can infer John von Neumann was ___.
A. calm B. brave C. intelligent D. humorous
C
What's the meaning of the "dark horse" It's someone who wins when no one expects it.
Han Xiaopeng took China's first gold on snow. He became an Olympic "dark horse" by winning the gold medal in men's freestyle skiing aerials (自由式滑雪空中技巧 ) at Turin in Italy. He made two almost perfect jumps for the highest score. Han had never won a world gold medal before, let alone in the Olympics!
"I never thought this would happen," said Han Xiaopeng. "I feel like I'm in a dream." It's China's second gold medal at the Turin Olympic Winter Games. But more important, Han's gold was the country's first ever in a snow sport. In 2002, China's Yang Yang won the gold for speed skating at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, US.
That Han's win was unexpected doesn't mean that he didn't work hard.
Han grew up in Jiangsu Province. Before he started his training on snow, he used to be an acrobat (杂技演员) at a circus. In 1995, a coach found his talent. The coach, Yang Er'qi , said Han had the agility (灵活性) and courage to be a ski jumper. When Yang first took the 12-year-old boy to northern China, he couldn't swim, skate or ski. But he wasn't afraid of the high platform and kept on training.
Han almost left the sport after hurting his knee months before the Salt Lake Games. In that Olympics he only got 24th. "I was hopeless at that time, but my family and the coach stood firmly behind me, helping me through," he recalled.
Han Xiaopeng worked so hard that he won the gold medal in the Olympics at last. Because of his success, more and more people in China are becoming interested in skiing. We are proud of him.
8.What does the "dark horse" mean
A.A horse which is dark.
B.Someone who is unexpected to win.
C.A horse which likes the dark.
D.Someone whose win is expected.
9.Where did Han Xiaopeng take China's first gold on snow
A.In China. B.In Italy. C.In America. D.In Australia.
10.What made the coach, Yang Er'qi, choose Han Xiaopeng to be a ski jumper
A.He had enough courage though he was only 13 years old.
B.He was born in the south of China and liked sports on snow.
C.He had the agility and wasn't afraid of the high platform.
D.He had the talent and he had won a world gold medal before.
11.What is the best title for this passage
A.A Wonderful Match
B.A Dark Horse at the Winter Olympics
C.A Hopeful Snow Game
D.An Exciting Skiing Race
D
Can I talk about salary at work In a word: yes. As the HR company Insperity put it in a recent blog post: Can your employees discuss their salaries or wages with their co-workers Yes. Even if you have a company policy against it Yes.
The freedom to discuss your salary at work is a protected right under the labor law. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 protects your right to discuss the conditions of your employment, including issues related to safety and pay, even when you're not protected by a union.
Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable, since there's such a taboo about discussing money matters, but it's an important step towards achieving equal pay for equal work. One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth. Too many people I talk to wrongly consider their salary a reflection of their worthiness, a statement about their skills, experience, or value. At the end of the day, if we can all separate our self-worth from our salaries a bit more, it'll become easier to talk frankly with our colleagues.
Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny. For instance, you might volunteer your salary first and ask "Does that sound right to you " by way of comparison. Or, let's say you're interviewing for a promotion to become a manager. You might ask a fellow manager about the kind of salary you should expect by saying, "I'm seeing salaries for this kind of position ranging from $65,000 to $ 70,000—does that seem accurate to you " This way, even if your colleague isn't comfortable sharing their salary outright, they can help you identify if your expectations are appropriate.
12.What makes co-workers uncomfortable to talk about salaries
A.The safety issue. B.The labor law.
C.The wrong idea about salaries. D.The reflection of their worthiness.
13.What does the underlined word "taboo" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.A prohibited practice. B.A firm belief.
C.A general agreement. D.A social custom.
14.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A.One of my interview experiences. B.My way of asking about money.
C.The method of raising questions. D.An example of getting promoted.
15.What can be the best title for the text
A.How to Discuss Salaries at Work B.Ways of Talking about Salaries
C.Do Salaries Stand for Self-worth D.Can Salaries be Talked about at Work
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land. ① ___ Smokejumpers help to stop this.
②___ Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, such as the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading. Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of flammable material, like plants and other dry material. ③ ___
Although the majority of smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. ④___ For example, smokejumpers employed in the US must be 120 to 200 pounds so they don't get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land.
Smokejumpers must also be capable of surviving in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees. ⑤___ But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn't just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejumper Alexi Tishin says, "This is the best job for tough guys."
A.What is a smokejumper
B.How do smokejumpers do it
C.More important are your height and weight.
D.It means the work is dangerous and takes a long time.
E.And homes are damaged, and thousands of people die.
F.They carry water with them, too, but only a limited amount.
G.Hot weather and fast-moving winds often make these fires more dangerous.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing me outside my comfort 1 was not something I was raised to do.
In fact, I wouldn't have become a(n) 2 if it weren't for my husband Charles. He had been a seriously competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldn't stop talking about how much he 3 it.
So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the 4 . Just a few weeks later, Charles signed us both up for a five-kilometer race. I hesitated about it. It was too soon.
But on the race day, there I was.
The gun went off. Thousands of runners 5 .
The first kilometer was tough. I was already breathing 6 and painfully aware of the group of runners running past me.
After another minute I saw the three kilometer 7 . All I could think of was that I was 8 .
I rounded a comer, and saw both sides of the street 9 with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on. I willed my legs to keep going.
Then I looked up and saw the clock. The 10 ticking away gave me an incentive (鼓励). I knew that if I had 11 finished this race I would have achieved something. So, I straightened up and kicked it.
I had my arms 12 higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer put a(n) 13 around my neck.
"You did great! I'm so proud of you!" Charles was thrilled that I'd 14 .
"That was 15 ! I want to do another race." I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the post-race festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both expanded.
(1)A. block B. line C. emotion D. zone
(2)A. wife B. coach C. expert D. runner
(3)A. hated B. missed C. admired D. trained
(4)A. race B. department C. track D. ceremony
(5)A. slipped away B. backed off C. pushed forward D. came over
(6)A. mildly B. shallowly C. gently D. heavily
(7)A. mark B. symbol C. pattern D. objective
(8)A. hopeful B. speechless C. dying D. moving
(9)A. stuck B. crowded C. provided D. directed
(10)A. seconds B. titles C. criteria D. competitors
(11)A. apparently B. actually C. unfortunately D. relatively
(12)A. kept B. crossed C. held D. tied
(13)A. rope B. medal C. necklace D. award
(14)A. got it B. meant it C. made it D. defeated it
(15)A. amazing B. shocking C. demanding D. caring
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is ①__________ unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.
In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything there was very cheap. With the world rice market ②__________ (change), thousands of farm workers in Hong Kong ③__________ (lose) their jobs, moving to work in some restaurants in London. Many British people liked Chinese food, so the restaurants became popular. The workers often worked 17 hours a day and had no time ④__________ (learn) English. Due to the ⑤__________ (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up. ⑥__________ (wife) came and joined their husbands with their children. The community grew, and Chinatown was born.
Since the 1970s, economy has changed for the ⑦__________ (good), and the education state of British-born Chinese started to improve. Many families moved out ⑧__________ Chinatown. Gerrard Street became a street only for visitors.
London's Chinatown is very popular in Chinese New Year, during ⑨__________ time thousands of Chinese go into the street with national flags. Londoners and tourists go there ⑩__________ (main) for the food in the Chinese restaurants. Their favorite restaurants are where the Chinese eat.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
假定你是李华,你校校刊英文版将开设“中外名人”栏目,你拟写王澍,请根据下列内容写一篇文章。
经历简介 1963年出生于新疆乌鲁木齐,1981年被东南大学建筑系录取,2000年获同济大学建筑学博士学位
成就简介 2012年获普利兹克建筑奖,成为第一个获得该奖项的中国人
你的感想 ……
注意:
1.词数100左右,题目已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Pritzker Architecture Prize Winner Wang Shu
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Excited screams of joy, the sounds of two happy little girls playing on the sand, ran across the beach. But I walked along, barely aware of them. I'd come to this remote beach on my sailboat, a place to escape. My wife and I had recently separated, our marriage in trouble. I worried about my two boys, just six and eight. It seemed like forever since Td heard them laugh. But I didn't know what to do to make things better.
"Help! Help!" The girls shouted out. I'd meant to tell them to stay away from the dangerous water. Now one of them was in the ocean, beyond the surf line. I could just hear her screams over the waves. Any second now she'd be swept away. I ran across the sand as fast as I could. The other girl was at the edge of the surf, yelling.
"Wait! Stop! Don't go any farther!" I charged(向……方向冲去) into the waves and was reaching for her when a wall of water dashed over us. For half a second I saw her disappear under another big wave. Tm a strong swimmer, but I could feel the wave pulling me hard. I swam to her and seized her, her little body shaking. But where was the other girl I saw a waving arm. A head broke the surface, not far away. The arms of the girl I'd rescued were wrapped desperately around my neck. She was breathing in sobs. "Let go of my neck. I need you on my back. Hold my shoulders so I can swim to your friend."
She loosed her hands and I shifted her to my back. ''She's my sister, Sarah, and I am Lillian,'' she said. For a moment I thought of my boys. How much they loved each other. How much I loved them.
I looked across the water and saw a small head after a big wave. I quickened my swimming, fighting for each breath. Tiny arms pressed against my shoulders. I reached out and held the second little girl. She was in total tiredness, taking deep breaths and crying quietly.
Paragraph 1:
I floated on my back and looked toward the shore. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Luckily, now I could make out three people on the shore. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best known journalists in Washington and a role in her field.”可知, Helen Thomas性格直率,从不隐藏自己的观点。B项与该意思相符。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. " 可知, Mary Garber改变了大家对女性体育记者的看法,并为女性记者争得一席之地。
3.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ Because the 73-year old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century.”可知, Ann Leslie因自己见证并报道了20世纪一些重要的事件而闻名于新闻界。
B
4.答案：A
解析：细节理解题.由第一段第二句中的 At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician 可知他父亲认为数学家的生活可能会比较清贫,故A项正确.
5.答案：C
解析：推理判断题.由第一段第三句 In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D.in mathematics. 和第二段第二句 His first book was published in 1932. 可知他29岁时出版自己的第一本书.故C项正确.
6.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.由第三段前三句可知,二战使约翰·冯·诺依曼把数学理论应用到实践中,故B项正确.
7.答案：D
解析：推理判断题.由文章最后一段第三句冯·诺依曼在描述自已开车撞到树上的经历中,将静止的树木描述为 "The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path." 可知他非常幽默,故D项正确.
C
8.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.根据第一段中It's someone who wins when no one expects it. 的描述,可知 "黑马" 指的是,在不被人寄予希望的情况下获胜的人.
9.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.根据第二段第二句He became an Olympic "dark horse" by winning the gold medal in men's freestyle skiing aerials at Turin in Italy. 可知,在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹 "黑马", 夺得男子自由式滑雪空中技巧的冠军.
10.答案：C
解析：细节理解题.根据第五段中的The coach, Yang Er'qi, said Han had the agility and courage to be a ski jumper. When Yang first took the l2-year-old boy to northern China, he couldn't swim, skate or ski. But he wasn't afraid of the high platform and kept on training.可知教练认为韩晓鹏有灵活性,而且不怕高台,所以挑选了他.
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题.本文主要介绍了韩晓鹏,首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的中国运动员.在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹"黑马",夺得男子自由式滑雪空中技巧的冠军. A Dark Horse at the Winter Olympics 能概括全文内容,又能吸引读者,适合作为标题.
D
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“ One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth.”和对第三段的整体理解可推知,对薪金的错误看法导致同事间谈论薪金时感到不舒服。
13.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“ Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable”可知,和同事谈论薪金让人不舒服,并结合常识可推知,谈论钱的事情是一个禁忌,故选A。
14.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“ Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny.”并结合对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要讲的是询问关于薪金的事情的方法。
15.答案：B
解析：标题判断题。本文第一段第一句“ Can I talk about salary at work ”点出了要谈论的话题,并结合对全文的整体理解可推知,本文主要讨论了是否可以在工作中谈论薪金的问题。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EAFCD
解析：①根据后一句话 Smokejumpers help to stop this. 中的 "this" 指代火造成的损失和伤害可知,E项(同时,家园被毁,成千上万的人死去)与前文森林被烧毁是并列关系,符合语境.故选E项.
②根据这一段解释了什么是 smokejumper 可知,空格处与 Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter.构成了问答的关系.故选A项.
③根据上文谈到的空降消防员在工作期间需要携带的东西可知,F项(他们也会携带水,只是数量很有限)符合语境.故选F项.
④根据后文 For example... 可知后文举例说明了这一职业对于体重的要求,所以C项(更重要的是你的身高和体重)切题.故选C项.
⑤根据下文的 But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn't just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. 可知,但是对于他们来说,这不仅仅是一份工作,他们还很喜欢自己能跳下飞机救森林大火,并且喜欢住在森林里.由 But 表转折可知,选项中与空后内容形成对比的只有D项(这项工作既危险还费时),故选D项.
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：(1)-(5)DDBCC (6)-(10) DACBA(11)-(15)BCBCA
解析：(1)由空前的 It seemed too hard 和空后的 was not something I was raised to do 可知跑步是作者 "舒适区" 之外的事情.故选D.
(2)结合第一段中 "跑步" 可知如果不是因为作者的丈夫,作者不会成为一个跑步(爱好)者.
(3)由空前句 He had been a seriously competitive runner for many years. 可知作者的丈夫曾多年参加赛跑,结合第三段第一句中的 So he picked it up again 可知作者的丈夫一直没有停止怀念过去参加赛跑的那段日子,故选B项.
(4) A项race意为 "赛跑", B项department意为 "部门", C项track意为 "跑道", D项ceremony意为 "仪式". 空前的 I started to join him 表示 "我开始和他一起", 可知作者开始和她丈夫一起在跑道上(跑步), 故C项正确.
(5)pushed forward在此处意为 "奋力向前". 此处描述发令枪响后,数千名参赛者竟相向前跑的场面,故C项正确.
(6)由空前的 The first kilometer was tough. 可知第一个1,000米很难,所以作者呼吸沉重,故选D.
(7)句意:一分钟后,我看到了3,000米的标志. B项symbol意为 "象征", C项pattern 意为 "模式", D项objective意为 "目标".
(8)根据第六段第一句 The first kilometer was tough. 和第九段中的 Then I looked up and saw the clock. The 10 ticking away give me an incentive (鼓励). 可知作者此时正处.在最艰难的时刻,上气不接下气的感觉如同快要死掉了一样,所以C项正确.
(9)此句 I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street 9 with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on.意为 "我转过街角,看到街道两边挤满了观看比赛的人群,所有人都在为赛跑者加油." , 由 both sides of the street 和独立主格结构中的 all cheering...可知街道两边挤满了观看比赛的人群.故选择B项.
(10)根据空前句 Then I looked up and saw the clock. 中的clock可以判断时间一分一秒地过去, A项seconds意为 "秒", 故A项正确.
(11)此处为虚拟语气,句意为 "我知道如果我真的完成了这次比赛,我就会有所成就." B项actually符合语境.
(12)此句包含短语 have sth. done "使某物被....., " 此处指通过终点线时 "我" 把手臂举得更高.
(13)根据最后一 段中的 I proudly hugged my medal 可知志愿者将奖牌挂在了作者的脖子上.
(14)made it 此处意为 "成功", 尤指在困难的情况下完成某事. "我" 成功地做到了,查尔斯非常激动.
(15)A项amazing意为 "令人惊奇的", 尤指好的、令人惊喜的事情; B项shocking意为 "令人震惊的", 尤指不好的事情; C项demanding意为 "要求高的;费力的"; D项caring意为 "乐于助人的;关心他人的", 根据全文作者的经历和空后的 I want to do another race. 可知作者能够成功走出舒适区是令人惊奇的,故选A.
第二节
答案：①-⑤a; changing; lost; to learn; arrival
⑥-⑩ Wives; better; of; which; mainly
解析：①考查不定冠词。unique的读音以辅音音素开头,此处为泛指,故填a。
②考查非谓语动词。在with的复合结构中,the world rice market 与change在逻辑上是主谓关系,用v.-ing形式,故答案为changing。
③考查时态。此处“几千名农民失去工作”发生在过去,用一般过去时,故答案为lost。
④考查非谓语动词。have no time to do sth.意为“没有做某事的时间”,此处是动词不定式作后置定语。
⑤考查名词。分析句子结构可知,所填词在句中作Due to的宾语,应用arrive的名词形式,故答案为arrival。
⑥考查名词复数。由空格后的their husbands可知,此处需用wife的复数形式。
⑦考查比较级。change for the better意为“状况好转”。
⑧考查固定短语。move out of意为“从……搬出来”。
⑨考查定语从句。根据空格后的名词time并结合先行词Chinese New Year可知,此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,which在从句中充当定语。
⑩考查副词。空格所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词,用main的副词形式,故答案为mainly。
第三节
答案：
Pritzker Architecture Prize Winner Wang Shu
Wang Shu, a world-famous Chinese architect, was born in Urumqi, Xinjiang in 1963. In 1981, Wang was admitted to Southeast University, where he committed himself to the study of architecture and got his master's degree seven years later. Out of a burning passion for architecture, he continued his study in Tongji University, earning a doctorate in the year 2000.
Wang was awarded the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize, which is regarded as the Nobel Prize in architecture. Mr. Wang is the first Chinese citizen to win the prize.
We should learn from Wang Shu. It is his efforts that contribute to his success.
答案：
Paragraph 1:
I floated on my back and looked toward the shore. I couldn't see anyone. We were too far away from the beach. No way could I swim that far, not with two girls hanging on to my body. I was close to total tiredness. But there was no time to wait. I told Lillian to circle her arms around my shoulders and asked Sarah to hold my neck with both hands. I knew I had to get these kids safe. I swam as hard as I could, but the weight of the girls grew heavier and heavier. I opened my mouth to take a breath, but instead swallowed water. I took one last look at the beach.
Paragraph 2:
Luckily, now I could make out three people on the shore. So I tried my best to cry out for help. After a while, I woke up. An elderly man was trying to drag me out of the water. Two women were running toward the shore, each carrying a child.
2
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Journalists who changed the world
Helen Thomas
Helen was a White House reporter who had a front row seat of history as she interviewed nine American presidents across her career. She was praised for her cruel drive, with one White House press secretary describing her questioning as torture (拷问 ). Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best known journalists in Washington and a role in her field.
Marie Colvin
The passionate and award-winning American journalist Marie Colvin worked as a foreign reporter at The Sunday Times from 1985 until she died in February 2012, doing what she loved. Marie crossed into Syria on the back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian government's attempt to prevent foreign journalists from entering the country.
Mary Garber
In 1946, sports journalism was a man's job where female sports writers weren't allowed to enter press boxes. Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. In June 2005, she became the first woman to receive the Associated Press Sports Editors' Red Smith Award, presented annually since 1981 for major contributions to sports journalism.
Ann Leslie
Few reporters have filed stories from more than 70 countries, but British journalist Ann Leslie is considered a unique force in journalism. Because the 73-year-old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century. She was there when the Berlin Wall came down, and she lost her shoes in the crush waiting for Nelson Mandela's release.
1.What can we know about Helen Thomas
A.She made friends with nine American presidents.
B.She was strong-minded and never gave in to others.
C.She often got into trouble due to her questions.
D.She was regarded as the best journalist in America.
2.Who opens the door for women sports reporters
A.Helen Thomas. B.Marie Colvin. C.Mary Garber. D.Ann Leslie.
3.Why is Ann Leslie called a unique force in journalism
A.She has visited many countries. B.She devotes herself to her job.
C.She has experienced some great events. D.She tried her best to save Nelson Mandela.
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War II hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: "I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path."
4.According to the text, von Neumann's father believed that ___.
A.a mathematician couldn't earn a lot of money
B.a mathematician needed a good memory
C.von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time
D.von Neumann had the gift for solving problems at a high speed
5.Von Neumann published his first book at the age of ___.
A.25 B.26 C.29 D.32
6.How did World War II affect John von Neumann
A.He realized the importance of engineering.
B.He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.
C.He left college and served at the government department.
D.He lost interest in chemistry.
7.From the last paragraph, we can infer John von Neumann was ___.
A. calm B. brave C. intelligent D. humorous
C
What's the meaning of the "dark horse" It's someone who wins when no one expects it.
Han Xiaopeng took China's first gold on snow. He became an Olympic "dark horse" by winning the gold medal in men's freestyle skiing aerials (自由式滑雪空中技巧 ) at Turin in Italy. He made two almost perfect jumps for the highest score. Han had never won a world gold medal before, let alone in the Olympics!
"I never thought this would happen," said Han Xiaopeng. "I feel like I'm in a dream." It's China's second gold medal at the Turin Olympic Winter Games. But more important, Han's gold was the country's first ever in a snow sport. In 2002, China's Yang Yang won the gold for speed skating at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, US.
That Han's win was unexpected doesn't mean that he didn't work hard.
Han grew up in Jiangsu Province. Before he started his training on snow, he used to be an acrobat (杂技演员) at a circus. In 1995, a coach found his talent. The coach, Yang Er'qi , said Han had the agility (灵活性) and courage to be a ski jumper. When Yang first took the 12-year-old boy to northern China, he couldn't swim, skate or ski. But he wasn't afraid of the high platform and kept on training.
Han almost left the sport after hurting his knee months before the Salt Lake Games. In that Olympics he only got 24th. "I was hopeless at that time, but my family and the coach stood firmly behind me, helping me through," he recalled.
Han Xiaopeng worked so hard that he won the gold medal in the Olympics at last. Because of his success, more and more people in China are becoming interested in skiing. We are proud of him.
8.What does the "dark horse" mean
A.A horse which is dark.
B.Someone who is unexpected to win.
C.A horse which likes the dark.
D.Someone whose win is expected.
9.Where did Han Xiaopeng take China's first gold on snow
A.In China. B.In Italy. C.In America. D.In Australia.
10.What made the coach, Yang Er'qi, choose Han Xiaopeng to be a ski jumper
A.He had enough courage though he was only 13 years old.
B.He was born in the south of China and liked sports on snow.
C.He had the agility and wasn't afraid of the high platform.
D.He had the talent and he had won a world gold medal before.
11.What is the best title for this passage
A.A Wonderful Match
B.A Dark Horse at the Winter Olympics
C.A Hopeful Snow Game
D.An Exciting Skiing Race
D
Can I talk about salary at work In a word: yes. As the HR company Insperity put it in a recent blog post: Can your employees discuss their salaries or wages with their co-workers Yes. Even if you have a company policy against it Yes.
The freedom to discuss your salary at work is a protected right under the labor law. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 protects your right to discuss the conditions of your employment, including issues related to safety and pay, even when you're not protected by a union.
Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable, since there's such a taboo about discussing money matters, but it's an important step towards achieving equal pay for equal work. One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth. Too many people I talk to wrongly consider their salary a reflection of their worthiness, a statement about their skills, experience, or value. At the end of the day, if we can all separate our self-worth from our salaries a bit more, it'll become easier to talk frankly with our colleagues.
Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny. For instance, you might volunteer your salary first and ask "Does that sound right to you " by way of comparison. Or, let's say you're interviewing for a promotion to become a manager. You might ask a fellow manager about the kind of salary you should expect by saying, "I'm seeing salaries for this kind of position ranging from $65,000 to $ 70,000—does that seem accurate to you " This way, even if your colleague isn't comfortable sharing their salary outright, they can help you identify if your expectations are appropriate.
12.What makes co-workers uncomfortable to talk about salaries
A.The safety issue. B.The labor law.
C.The wrong idea about salaries. D.The reflection of their worthiness.
13.What does the underlined word "taboo" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.A prohibited practice. B.A firm belief.
C.A general agreement. D.A social custom.
14.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A.One of my interview experiences. B.My way of asking about money.
C.The method of raising questions. D.An example of getting promoted.
15.What can be the best title for the text
A.How to Discuss Salaries at Work B.Ways of Talking about Salaries
C.Do Salaries Stand for Self-worth D.Can Salaries be Talked about at Work
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every year, wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land. ① ___ Smokejumpers help to stop this.
②___ Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter. They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot, such as the middle of a mountain forest. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.
At a fire site, smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading. Using basic equipment such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of flammable material, like plants and other dry material. ③ ___
Although the majority of smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. ④___ For example, smokejumpers employed in the US must be 120 to 200 pounds so they don't get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land.
Smokejumpers must also be capable of surviving in the wilderness. In Russia, many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees. ⑤___ But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn't just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejumper Alexi Tishin says, "This is the best job for tough guys."
A.What is a smokejumper
B.How do smokejumpers do it
C.More important are your height and weight.
D.It means the work is dangerous and takes a long time.
E.And homes are damaged, and thousands of people die.
F.They carry water with them, too, but only a limited amount.
G.Hot weather and fast-moving winds often make these fires more dangerous.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing me outside my comfort 1 was not something I was raised to do.
In fact, I wouldn't have become a(n) 2 if it weren't for my husband Charles. He had been a seriously competitive runner for many years. After our marriage, he wouldn't stop talking about how much he 3 it.
So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to join him at the 4 . Just a few weeks later, Charles signed us both up for a five-kilometer race. I hesitated about it. It was too soon.
But on the race day, there I was.
The gun went off. Thousands of runners 5 .
The first kilometer was tough. I was already breathing 6 and painfully aware of the group of runners running past me.
After another minute I saw the three kilometer 7 . All I could think of was that I was 8 .
I rounded a comer, and saw both sides of the street 9 with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on. I willed my legs to keep going.
Then I looked up and saw the clock. The 10 ticking away gave me an incentive (鼓励). I knew that if I had 11 finished this race I would have achieved something. So, I straightened up and kicked it.
I had my arms 12 higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer put a(n) 13 around my neck.
"You did great! I'm so proud of you!" Charles was thrilled that I'd 14 .
"That was 15 ! I want to do another race." I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the post-race festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both expanded.
(1)A. block B. line C. emotion D. zone
(2)A. wife B. coach C. expert D. runner
(3)A. hated B. missed C. admired D. trained
(4)A. race B. department C. track D. ceremony
(5)A. slipped away B. backed off C. pushed forward D. came over
(6)A. mildly B. shallowly C. gently D. heavily
(7)A. mark B. symbol C. pattern D. objective
(8)A. hopeful B. speechless C. dying D. moving
(9)A. stuck B. crowded C. provided D. directed
(10)A. seconds B. titles C. criteria D. competitors
(11)A. apparently B. actually C. unfortunately D. relatively
(12)A. kept B. crossed C. held D. tied
(13)A. rope B. medal C. necklace D. award
(14)A. got it B. meant it C. made it D. defeated it
(15)A. amazing B. shocking C. demanding D. caring
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is ①__________ unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.
In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything there was very cheap. With the world rice market ②__________ (change), thousands of farm workers in Hong Kong ③__________ (lose) their jobs, moving to work in some restaurants in London. Many British people liked Chinese food, so the restaurants became popular. The workers often worked 17 hours a day and had no time ④__________ (learn) English. Due to the ⑤__________ (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up. ⑥__________ (wife) came and joined their husbands with their children. The community grew, and Chinatown was born.
Since the 1970s, economy has changed for the ⑦__________ (good), and the education state of British-born Chinese started to improve. Many families moved out ⑧__________ Chinatown. Gerrard Street became a street only for visitors.
London's Chinatown is very popular in Chinese New Year, during ⑨__________ time thousands of Chinese go into the street with national flags. Londoners and tourists go there ⑩__________ (main) for the food in the Chinese restaurants. Their favorite restaurants are where the Chinese eat.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
假定你是李华,你校校刊英文版将开设“中外名人”栏目,你拟写王澍,请根据下列内容写一篇文章。
经历简介 1963年出生于新疆乌鲁木齐,1981年被东南大学建筑系录取,2000年获同济大学建筑学博士学位
成就简介 2012年获普利兹克建筑奖,成为第一个获得该奖项的中国人
你的感想 ……
注意:
1.词数100左右,题目已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Pritzker Architecture Prize Winner Wang Shu
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Excited screams of joy, the sounds of two happy little girls playing on the sand, ran across the beach. But I walked along, barely aware of them. I'd come to this remote beach on my sailboat, a place to escape. My wife and I had recently separated, our marriage in trouble. I worried about my two boys, just six and eight. It seemed like forever since Td heard them laugh. But I didn't know what to do to make things better.
"Help! Help!" The girls shouted out. I'd meant to tell them to stay away from the dangerous water. Now one of them was in the ocean, beyond the surf line. I could just hear her screams over the waves. Any second now she'd be swept away. I ran across the sand as fast as I could. The other girl was at the edge of the surf, yelling.
"Wait! Stop! Don't go any farther!" I charged(向……方向冲去) into the waves and was reaching for her when a wall of water dashed over us. For half a second I saw her disappear under another big wave. Tm a strong swimmer, but I could feel the wave pulling me hard. I swam to her and seized her, her little body shaking. But where was the other girl I saw a waving arm. A head broke the surface, not far away. The arms of the girl I'd rescued were wrapped desperately around my neck. She was breathing in sobs. "Let go of my neck. I need you on my back. Hold my shoulders so I can swim to your friend."
She loosed her hands and I shifted her to my back. ''She's my sister, Sarah, and I am Lillian,'' she said. For a moment I thought of my boys. How much they loved each other. How much I loved them.
I looked across the water and saw a small head after a big wave. I quickened my swimming, fighting for each breath. Tiny arms pressed against my shoulders. I reached out and held the second little girl. She was in total tiredness, taking deep breaths and crying quietly.
Paragraph 1:
I floated on my back and looked toward the shore. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Luckily, now I could make out three people on the shore. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best known journalists in Washington and a role in her field.”可知, Helen Thomas性格直率,从不隐藏自己的观点。B项与该意思相符。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. " 可知, Mary Garber改变了大家对女性体育记者的看法,并为女性记者争得一席之地。
3.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“ Because the 73-year old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century.”可知, Ann Leslie因自己见证并报道了20世纪一些重要的事件而闻名于新闻界。
B
4.答案：A
解析：细节理解题.由第一段第二句中的 At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician 可知他父亲认为数学家的生活可能会比较清贫,故A项正确.
5.答案：C
解析：推理判断题.由第一段第三句 In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D.in mathematics. 和第二段第二句 His first book was published in 1932. 可知他29岁时出版自己的第一本书.故C项正确.
6.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.由第三段前三句可知,二战使约翰·冯·诺依曼把数学理论应用到实践中,故B项正确.
7.答案：D
解析：推理判断题.由文章最后一段第三句冯·诺依曼在描述自已开车撞到树上的经历中,将静止的树木描述为 "The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path." 可知他非常幽默,故D项正确.
C
8.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.根据第一段中It's someone who wins when no one expects it. 的描述,可知 "黑马" 指的是,在不被人寄予希望的情况下获胜的人.
9.答案：B
解析：细节理解题.根据第二段第二句He became an Olympic "dark horse" by winning the gold medal in men's freestyle skiing aerials at Turin in Italy. 可知,在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹 "黑马", 夺得男子自由式滑雪空中技巧的冠军.
10.答案：C
解析：细节理解题.根据第五段中的The coach, Yang Er'qi, said Han had the agility and courage to be a ski jumper. When Yang first took the l2-year-old boy to northern China, he couldn't swim, skate or ski. But he wasn't afraid of the high platform and kept on training.可知教练认为韩晓鹏有灵活性,而且不怕高台,所以挑选了他.
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题.本文主要介绍了韩晓鹏,首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的中国运动员.在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹"黑马",夺得男子自由式滑雪空中技巧的冠军. A Dark Horse at the Winter Olympics 能概括全文内容,又能吸引读者,适合作为标题.
D
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“ One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth.”和对第三段的整体理解可推知,对薪金的错误看法导致同事间谈论薪金时感到不舒服。
13.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“ Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable”可知,和同事谈论薪金让人不舒服,并结合常识可推知,谈论钱的事情是一个禁忌,故选A。
14.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“ Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny.”并结合对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要讲的是询问关于薪金的事情的方法。
15.答案：B
解析：标题判断题。本文第一段第一句“ Can I talk about salary at work ”点出了要谈论的话题,并结合对全文的整体理解可推知,本文主要讨论了是否可以在工作中谈论薪金的问题。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EAFCD
解析：①根据后一句话 Smokejumpers help to stop this. 中的 "this" 指代火造成的损失和伤害可知,E项(同时,家园被毁,成千上万的人死去)与前文森林被烧毁是并列关系,符合语境.故选E项.
②根据这一段解释了什么是 smokejumper 可知,空格处与 Smokejumpers are a special type of firefighter.构成了问答的关系.故选A项.
③根据上文谈到的空降消防员在工作期间需要携带的东西可知,F项(他们也会携带水,只是数量很有限)符合语境.故选F项.
④根据后文 For example... 可知后文举例说明了这一职业对于体重的要求,所以C项(更重要的是你的身高和体重)切题.故选C项.
⑤根据下文的 But for these firefighters, smokejumping isn't just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. 可知,但是对于他们来说,这不仅仅是一份工作,他们还很喜欢自己能跳下飞机救森林大火,并且喜欢住在森林里.由 But 表转折可知,选项中与空后内容形成对比的只有D项(这项工作既危险还费时),故选D项.
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：(1)-(5)DDBCC (6)-(10) DACBA(11)-(15)BCBCA
解析：(1)由空前的 It seemed too hard 和空后的 was not something I was raised to do 可知跑步是作者 "舒适区" 之外的事情.故选D.
(2)结合第一段中 "跑步" 可知如果不是因为作者的丈夫,作者不会成为一个跑步(爱好)者.
(3)由空前句 He had been a seriously competitive runner for many years. 可知作者的丈夫曾多年参加赛跑,结合第三段第一句中的 So he picked it up again 可知作者的丈夫一直没有停止怀念过去参加赛跑的那段日子,故选B项.
(4) A项race意为 "赛跑", B项department意为 "部门", C项track意为 "跑道", D项ceremony意为 "仪式". 空前的 I started to join him 表示 "我开始和他一起", 可知作者开始和她丈夫一起在跑道上(跑步), 故C项正确.
(5)pushed forward在此处意为 "奋力向前". 此处描述发令枪响后,数千名参赛者竟相向前跑的场面,故C项正确.
(6)由空前的 The first kilometer was tough. 可知第一个1,000米很难,所以作者呼吸沉重,故选D.
(7)句意:一分钟后,我看到了3,000米的标志. B项symbol意为 "象征", C项pattern 意为 "模式", D项objective意为 "目标".
(8)根据第六段第一句 The first kilometer was tough. 和第九段中的 Then I looked up and saw the clock. The 10 ticking away give me an incentive (鼓励). 可知作者此时正处.在最艰难的时刻,上气不接下气的感觉如同快要死掉了一样,所以C项正确.
(9)此句 I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street 9 with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on.意为 "我转过街角,看到街道两边挤满了观看比赛的人群,所有人都在为赛跑者加油." , 由 both sides of the street 和独立主格结构中的 all cheering...可知街道两边挤满了观看比赛的人群.故选择B项.
(10)根据空前句 Then I looked up and saw the clock. 中的clock可以判断时间一分一秒地过去, A项seconds意为 "秒", 故A项正确.
(11)此处为虚拟语气,句意为 "我知道如果我真的完成了这次比赛,我就会有所成就." B项actually符合语境.
(12)此句包含短语 have sth. done "使某物被....., " 此处指通过终点线时 "我" 把手臂举得更高.
(13)根据最后一 段中的 I proudly hugged my medal 可知志愿者将奖牌挂在了作者的脖子上.
(14)made it 此处意为 "成功", 尤指在困难的情况下完成某事. "我" 成功地做到了,查尔斯非常激动.
(15)A项amazing意为 "令人惊奇的", 尤指好的、令人惊喜的事情; B项shocking意为 "令人震惊的", 尤指不好的事情; C项demanding意为 "要求高的;费力的"; D项caring意为 "乐于助人的;关心他人的", 根据全文作者的经历和空后的 I want to do another race. 可知作者能够成功走出舒适区是令人惊奇的,故选A.
第二节
答案：①-⑤a; changing; lost; to learn; arrival
⑥-⑩ Wives; better; of; which; mainly
解析：①考查不定冠词。unique的读音以辅音音素开头,此处为泛指,故填a。
②考查非谓语动词。在with的复合结构中,the world rice market 与change在逻辑上是主谓关系,用v.-ing形式,故答案为changing。
③考查时态。此处“几千名农民失去工作”发生在过去,用一般过去时,故答案为lost。
④考查非谓语动词。have no time to do sth.意为“没有做某事的时间”,此处是动词不定式作后置定语。
⑤考查名词。分析句子结构可知,所填词在句中作Due to的宾语,应用arrive的名词形式,故答案为arrival。
⑥考查名词复数。由空格后的their husbands可知,此处需用wife的复数形式。
⑦考查比较级。change for the better意为“状况好转”。
⑧考查固定短语。move out of意为“从……搬出来”。
⑨考查定语从句。根据空格后的名词time并结合先行词Chinese New Year可知,此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,which在从句中充当定语。
⑩考查副词。空格所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词,用main的副词形式,故答案为mainly。
第三节
答案：
Pritzker Architecture Prize Winner Wang Shu
Wang Shu, a world-famous Chinese architect, was born in Urumqi, Xinjiang in 1963. In 1981, Wang was admitted to Southeast University, where he committed himself to the study of architecture and got his master's degree seven years later. Out of a burning passion for architecture, he continued his study in Tongji University, earning a doctorate in the year 2000.
Wang was awarded the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize, which is regarded as the Nobel Prize in architecture. Mr. Wang is the first Chinese citizen to win the prize.
We should learn from Wang Shu. It is his efforts that contribute to his success.
答案：
Paragraph 1:
I floated on my back and looked toward the shore. I couldn't see anyone. We were too far away from the beach. No way could I swim that far, not with two girls hanging on to my body. I was close to total tiredness. But there was no time to wait. I told Lillian to circle her arms around my shoulders and asked Sarah to hold my neck with both hands. I knew I had to get these kids safe. I swam as hard as I could, but the weight of the girls grew heavier and heavier. I opened my mouth to take a breath, but instead swallowed water. I took one last look at the beach.
Paragraph 2:
Luckily, now I could make out three people on the shore. So I tried my best to cry out for help. After a while, I woke up. An elderly man was trying to drag me out of the water. Two women were running toward the shore, each carrying a child.
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