人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement综合练习（含答案）
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Unit 1 People of Achievement-2023-2024 学年高二年级英语选择性必修一
一.单词拼写
1 ． In 1938 ，he ( 获 得 ) his doctor's degree in aerospace science and mathematics in the US.
2 ．They refused to (承认) the court's decision.
3．Support from those closest to you is (极其重要的) in these trying times.
4 ．All the players went all out to (打败) the Brazil Volleyball Team.
5 ．By ( 分析) the parts of the sentence, we learned more about English
grammar.
6 ．They (评估) the country's progress and set new directions for China.
7 ．He is far too confident that he never (犯) any error and he never gives
up.
8 ．He argued against smoking, and (坚持认为) that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.
9 ．We'd better discuss the issue in detail before we draw a (结论)．
10 ．Parents play a (关键性的) role in preparing their children for school. 二.单句语法填空
1 ．The key to success as a romantic (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
2 ． Some people have drawn the (conclude) from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three.
3．It is said that the building program (evaluate) for its usefulness and effect it would have.
4 ．He insisted on (do) it in his own way.
5 ． (apparent) ，he was not satisfied with the result.
6 ．He refused to acknowledge (defeat) in the match, but in vain.
7 ．They collect blood samples for (analysis) at a national laboratory.
8 ．It is acknowledged the shortest distance between persons is a sincere
smile.
9 ．The results of the survey fell into groups. The old were scholars of great while the young were the opposite.(distinct)
10 ．That is why it is vital that we (observe) the traffic lights.
三.选词填空
insist on; lead to; draw out; by chance; make a discovery; test...on...; commit oneself to; make sure
1 ．In science ，it is important to be the first person to .
2．If you practicing spoken English in your spare time，it will be improved sooner or later.
3 ．I don't have any cash on me and I'd like to some money from an ATM nearby.
4 ．After a long time of discussion ，both sides settling the dispute peacefully.
5．The new system may be more economical but will a decline in quality of the programme.
6 ．An artist discovered a long lost old Greek vase in a small village last week.
7 ．The study's participants were science，maths ，English and mechanical abilities.
8 ．When you are writing the progress report ，please it's clear ，concise ，and accurate.
四.完成句子
1 ．另外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是十分重要的。
Besides, you should mind your table manners. 2 ．大家认为这部电影具有指导意义，并且情感丰富。 the film is instructive and full of emotion.
3 ．显然，我们的对手太强了。
our opponents were too strong for us.
4 ．中国历来主张国家不分大小，应该一律平等。
China has always big or small.
5 ．一听到这首歌，我的小女儿就会禁不住跟着它跳舞。
my little daughter can't help dancing to it.
6 ．我很荣幸邀请你作为特邀嘉宾。
as a special guest.
一. 阅读理解
A
When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States ， Grandma Moses should be mentioned ，although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies.As she once said to herself ：“I would never sit back in a rocking chair ，waiting for someone to help me. ” No one could have had a more active old age.
She was born on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls.At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employers.They farmed most of their lives ，first in Virginia and then in New York State ，at Eagle Bridge.She had ten children ，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927.
Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff (僵 硬的) to sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time.
Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted.Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art ，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York.Between the 1930's and her death ，she produced more than 1,000 pictures： careful and vivid descriptions of the country life she had known for so long ，with a
wonderful sense of color and form.“I think really hard till I think of something really pretty ，and then I paint it ， ” she said.
1 ．What does Grandma Moses mean in paragraph 1
A ．She didn't like being old.
B ．She stayed active in an old age.
C ．She needed someone to help her.
D ．She enjoyed the simple life in the village.
2 ．What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing
A ．Embroidering. B ．Painting.
C ．Nursing. D ．Farming.
3 ．Why did Grandma Moses give up embroidering pictures
A ．She lost the interest in it.
B ．She had trouble in sewing.
C ．She was fond of oil paintings.
D ．She was busy raising children.
4 ．What can we know about Grandma Moses' pictures
A ．They were focused on the country life.
B ．The first exhibition was held in Chicago.
C ．They were donated to the local museum.
D ．The style entirely differed from other pictures.
B
Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir (回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.
Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.
Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University
where he further developed a new method of testing.
Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robed Hutchins.
Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work.
Although Tyler officially retired ( 退休) in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives ( 目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.
5. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler's memoir
A ．Top managers.
B ．Language learners.
C ．Serious educators.
D ．Science researchers.
6 ． The words “hooked on teaching” underlined in paragraph 2 probably
mean .
A ．attracted to teaching
B ．tired of teaching
C ．satisfied with teaching
D ．unhappy about teaching
7 ．Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years
A ．The University of Chicago.
B ．Stanford University.
C ．Ohio State University.
D ．Nebraska University.
8 ．Tyler is said to have never actually retired because .
A ．he developed a new method of testing
B ．he called for free spirit in research
C ．he was still active in giving advice
D ．he still led the Eight-Year Study
七选五
Simple Ways to Exercise Your Brain
Your brain's health depends on how much it is used.Every time you do something new or different ，you create new neural pathways (神经通道)． 1
Use your opposite hand.
If you are left-handed ，open doors with your right hand.If you are right-handed， try using your keys with your left hand.Wear your watch on the opposite hand to force you to make a change. 2
Prepare one story every day.
Each morning, think up one story to tell people.The story can be about something recent or from your past.Try to think out the funniest way to tell the story. 3 It will make you more interesting while exercising your brain.
Play observation (观察) games.
Each day，pick something to observe. 4 Everywhere you go，and on TV，note how people dress and think about why certain people dress the way they do.Give your brain something to think about.The next day ，choose something else to observe.
5
Suppose you are starting a business and think about how you would deal with a problem.What would you sell and to whom would you sell it ？ Who are your competitors and how would you beat them ？ Give your brain something to think over.The next day ，suppose you are starting an organization to fight hunger—what new ideas can you come up with？In this way ，you can make new connections in the brain.
A ．Settle a problem.
B ．Raise meaningful questions.
C ．Make a list of the things you have to finish.
D ．These are simple ways in which you can exercise your brain.
E ．You may decide to observe what people are wearing one day.
F ．These small changes will cause your brain to rethink daily tasks.
G ．If someone calls or stops by ，you will have something to talk with him/her
about.
参考答案
一．单词拼写
1.obtained
2.acknowledged
3.vital
4.defeat
5.analysing
6. evaluated
7.commits
8.insisited
9.conclusion
10.crucial
二.单句语法填空
1.novelist
2.conclusion
3.has been evaluated
4.doing
5.Apparently
6.being defeated
7. analyses
8. that
9. distinct；distinction 10.(should) observe
三.选词填空
1. make a discovery
2.insist on
3.draw out
4.committed themselves to
5.lead to
6.by chance
7.tested on
8.make sure
四.完成句子
1 it's vital that
2 It is acknowledged that
3 It is apparent that
4 insisted that all countries (should) be equal
5 Upon hearing the song
6 It's a great honour for me to invite you 参考答案
[文章大意] 本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文， 介绍了 20 世纪美国著名的画家 Grandma Moses 的生平及作品等信息。
1.答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies”“I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me. ”和“No one could have had a more active old age.”可知，Grandma Moses 快 80 岁时才开始画画，所以她在老年时仍十分活跃，故选 B。
2.答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They farmed most of their lives ，first in Virginia and then in New York State ，at Eagle Bridge. ”可知，她和她丈夫一生中 大部分时间都在务农。故选 D。
3.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff to sew”可知，Grandma Moses 由于手很僵硬而不能刺 绣，于是转而去画油画，故选 B。
4.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she produced more than 1,000 pictures: careful and vivid descriptions of the country life she had known for so long”可知， Grandma Moses 的画生动地描述了她所熟知的乡村生活。由此可推知，Grandma
Moses 的画主要关注于乡村生活。
[文章大意] 本文是一篇人物故事类短文， 讲述了美国教育家 Ralph W. Tyler 一生从事教育教学研究工作，直至晚年仍不断为教育事业奔走服务，贡献力量。
5.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn...”不难看出最有可能对 Ralph W. Tyler 的回忆录产生兴趣的是教育工作者。故选 C。
6.答案： A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education”可知，既然 Tyler 能弃医 从教，说明对教育很痴迷。 be hooked on 意为“着迷于……的”。故选 A。
7.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years.(Tyler 是斯坦福大学行为科学高级研究中心的首位主任， 他担任该 职位长达 14 年)”可知，选 B。
8.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。作者在文章的最后一段提到尽管 Tyler 在 1967 年退休， 但他并未停止在美国国内及世界各地从事与教育有关的活动， 他对教学及管理方 面的建议至今仍有现实意义。故选 C。
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼大脑的几个小窍门。
1 ．解析：空格处是本段尾句，引出下文。下文具体介绍了四种锻炼大脑的 方法。故选 D。
答案： D
2 ．解析：本段的小标题是“用你的另外一只手”，上文说明了在生活中，改 变使用惯用手的习惯， 本空总结：这些小的改变会使你的大脑重新考虑日常任务。
答案： F
3 ．解析：上文说每天早上编一个故事，并想想如何用最有趣的方式把它讲 出来。本空说明下一步：如果有人给你打电话或串门，你就可以把准备好的故事
讲给对方。
答案： G
4 ．解析：结合下文的 note how people dress and think about why certain people dress the way they do 可知， 本空提出的建议是“你也许决定在某天观察人们的穿 着”。另外，选项 E 中的 observe 也是提示。
答案： E
5 ．解析：根据本段的内容，尤其是 think about how you would deal with a problem 可知，本段的小标题为“解决一个问题”。
答案： A
一.单词拼写
1 ． In 1938 ，he ( 获 得 ) his doctor's degree in aerospace science and mathematics in the US.
2 ．They refused to (承认) the court's decision.
3．Support from those closest to you is (极其重要的) in these trying times.
4 ．All the players went all out to (打败) the Brazil Volleyball Team.
5 ．By ( 分析) the parts of the sentence, we learned more about English
grammar.
6 ．They (评估) the country's progress and set new directions for China.
7 ．He is far too confident that he never (犯) any error and he never gives
up.
8 ．He argued against smoking, and (坚持认为) that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.
9 ．We'd better discuss the issue in detail before we draw a (结论)．
10 ．Parents play a (关键性的) role in preparing their children for school. 二.单句语法填空
1 ．The key to success as a romantic (novel) is absolute belief in your story.
2 ． Some people have drawn the (conclude) from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three.
3．It is said that the building program (evaluate) for its usefulness and effect it would have.
4 ．He insisted on (do) it in his own way.
5 ． (apparent) ，he was not satisfied with the result.
6 ．He refused to acknowledge (defeat) in the match, but in vain.
7 ．They collect blood samples for (analysis) at a national laboratory.
8 ．It is acknowledged the shortest distance between persons is a sincere
smile.
9 ．The results of the survey fell into groups. The old were scholars of great while the young were the opposite.(distinct)
10 ．That is why it is vital that we (observe) the traffic lights.
三.选词填空
insist on; lead to; draw out; by chance; make a discovery; test...on...; commit oneself to; make sure
1 ．In science ，it is important to be the first person to .
2．If you practicing spoken English in your spare time，it will be improved sooner or later.
3 ．I don't have any cash on me and I'd like to some money from an ATM nearby.
4 ．After a long time of discussion ，both sides settling the dispute peacefully.
5．The new system may be more economical but will a decline in quality of the programme.
6 ．An artist discovered a long lost old Greek vase in a small village last week.
7 ．The study's participants were science，maths ，English and mechanical abilities.
8 ．When you are writing the progress report ，please it's clear ，concise ，and accurate.
四.完成句子
1 ．另外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是十分重要的。
Besides, you should mind your table manners. 2 ．大家认为这部电影具有指导意义，并且情感丰富。 the film is instructive and full of emotion.
3 ．显然，我们的对手太强了。
our opponents were too strong for us.
4 ．中国历来主张国家不分大小，应该一律平等。
China has always big or small.
5 ．一听到这首歌，我的小女儿就会禁不住跟着它跳舞。
my little daughter can't help dancing to it.
6 ．我很荣幸邀请你作为特邀嘉宾。
as a special guest.
一. 阅读理解
A
When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States ， Grandma Moses should be mentioned ，although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies.As she once said to herself ：“I would never sit back in a rocking chair ，waiting for someone to help me. ” No one could have had a more active old age.
She was born on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls.At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employers.They farmed most of their lives ，first in Virginia and then in New York State ，at Eagle Bridge.She had ten children ，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927.
Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff (僵 硬的) to sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time.
Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted.Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art ，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York.Between the 1930's and her death ，she produced more than 1,000 pictures： careful and vivid descriptions of the country life she had known for so long ，with a
wonderful sense of color and form.“I think really hard till I think of something really pretty ，and then I paint it ， ” she said.
1 ．What does Grandma Moses mean in paragraph 1
A ．She didn't like being old.
B ．She stayed active in an old age.
C ．She needed someone to help her.
D ．She enjoyed the simple life in the village.
2 ．What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing
A ．Embroidering. B ．Painting.
C ．Nursing. D ．Farming.
3 ．Why did Grandma Moses give up embroidering pictures
A ．She lost the interest in it.
B ．She had trouble in sewing.
C ．She was fond of oil paintings.
D ．She was busy raising children.
4 ．What can we know about Grandma Moses' pictures
A ．They were focused on the country life.
B ．The first exhibition was held in Chicago.
C ．They were donated to the local museum.
D ．The style entirely differed from other pictures.
B
Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir (回忆录) of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.
Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.
Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University
where he further developed a new method of testing.
Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robed Hutchins.
Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work.
Although Tyler officially retired ( 退休) in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives ( 目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.
5. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler's memoir
A ．Top managers.
B ．Language learners.
C ．Serious educators.
D ．Science researchers.
6 ． The words “hooked on teaching” underlined in paragraph 2 probably
mean .
A ．attracted to teaching
B ．tired of teaching
C ．satisfied with teaching
D ．unhappy about teaching
7 ．Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years
A ．The University of Chicago.
B ．Stanford University.
C ．Ohio State University.
D ．Nebraska University.
8 ．Tyler is said to have never actually retired because .
A ．he developed a new method of testing
B ．he called for free spirit in research
C ．he was still active in giving advice
D ．he still led the Eight-Year Study
七选五
Simple Ways to Exercise Your Brain
Your brain's health depends on how much it is used.Every time you do something new or different ，you create new neural pathways (神经通道)． 1
Use your opposite hand.
If you are left-handed ，open doors with your right hand.If you are right-handed， try using your keys with your left hand.Wear your watch on the opposite hand to force you to make a change. 2
Prepare one story every day.
Each morning, think up one story to tell people.The story can be about something recent or from your past.Try to think out the funniest way to tell the story. 3 It will make you more interesting while exercising your brain.
Play observation (观察) games.
Each day，pick something to observe. 4 Everywhere you go，and on TV，note how people dress and think about why certain people dress the way they do.Give your brain something to think about.The next day ，choose something else to observe.
5
Suppose you are starting a business and think about how you would deal with a problem.What would you sell and to whom would you sell it ？ Who are your competitors and how would you beat them ？ Give your brain something to think over.The next day ，suppose you are starting an organization to fight hunger—what new ideas can you come up with？In this way ，you can make new connections in the brain.
A ．Settle a problem.
B ．Raise meaningful questions.
C ．Make a list of the things you have to finish.
D ．These are simple ways in which you can exercise your brain.
E ．You may decide to observe what people are wearing one day.
F ．These small changes will cause your brain to rethink daily tasks.
G ．If someone calls or stops by ，you will have something to talk with him/her
about.
参考答案
一．单词拼写
1.obtained
2.acknowledged
3.vital
4.defeat
5.analysing
6. evaluated
7.commits
8.insisited
9.conclusion
10.crucial
二.单句语法填空
1.novelist
2.conclusion
3.has been evaluated
4.doing
5.Apparently
6.being defeated
7. analyses
8. that
9. distinct；distinction 10.(should) observe
三.选词填空
1. make a discovery
2.insist on
3.draw out
4.committed themselves to
5.lead to
6.by chance
7.tested on
8.make sure
四.完成句子
1 it's vital that
2 It is acknowledged that
3 It is apparent that
4 insisted that all countries (should) be equal
5 Upon hearing the song
6 It's a great honour for me to invite you 参考答案
[文章大意] 本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文， 介绍了 20 世纪美国著名的画家 Grandma Moses 的生平及作品等信息。
1.答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies”“I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me. ”和“No one could have had a more active old age.”可知，Grandma Moses 快 80 岁时才开始画画，所以她在老年时仍十分活跃，故选 B。
2.答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They farmed most of their lives ，first in Virginia and then in New York State ，at Eagle Bridge. ”可知，她和她丈夫一生中 大部分时间都在务农。故选 D。
3.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff to sew”可知，Grandma Moses 由于手很僵硬而不能刺 绣，于是转而去画油画，故选 B。
4.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she produced more than 1,000 pictures: careful and vivid descriptions of the country life she had known for so long”可知， Grandma Moses 的画生动地描述了她所熟知的乡村生活。由此可推知，Grandma
Moses 的画主要关注于乡村生活。
[文章大意] 本文是一篇人物故事类短文， 讲述了美国教育家 Ralph W. Tyler 一生从事教育教学研究工作，直至晚年仍不断为教育事业奔走服务，贡献力量。
5.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn...”不难看出最有可能对 Ralph W. Tyler 的回忆录产生兴趣的是教育工作者。故选 C。
6.答案： A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education”可知，既然 Tyler 能弃医 从教，说明对教育很痴迷。 be hooked on 意为“着迷于……的”。故选 A。
7.答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years.(Tyler 是斯坦福大学行为科学高级研究中心的首位主任， 他担任该 职位长达 14 年)”可知，选 B。
8.答案： C
解析：细节理解题。作者在文章的最后一段提到尽管 Tyler 在 1967 年退休， 但他并未停止在美国国内及世界各地从事与教育有关的活动， 他对教学及管理方 面的建议至今仍有现实意义。故选 C。
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼大脑的几个小窍门。
1 ．解析：空格处是本段尾句，引出下文。下文具体介绍了四种锻炼大脑的 方法。故选 D。
答案： D
2 ．解析：本段的小标题是“用你的另外一只手”，上文说明了在生活中，改 变使用惯用手的习惯， 本空总结：这些小的改变会使你的大脑重新考虑日常任务。
答案： F
3 ．解析：上文说每天早上编一个故事，并想想如何用最有趣的方式把它讲 出来。本空说明下一步：如果有人给你打电话或串门，你就可以把准备好的故事
讲给对方。
答案： G
4 ．解析：结合下文的 note how people dress and think about why certain people dress the way they do 可知， 本空提出的建议是“你也许决定在某天观察人们的穿 着”。另外，选项 E 中的 observe 也是提示。
答案： E
5 ．解析：根据本段的内容，尤其是 think about how you would deal with a problem 可知，本段的小标题为“解决一个问题”。
答案： A