Unit 3 Language in use
Class Type Revision and application
Objectives Grasp the usage of the grammars(a/an/the/名词、数词)Use the points of this unit very freely.Get the students to choose the best way to travel
Difficulties To use an/a/the correctly
Period 2
Procedure
Lead-in Review: Translate the phrases in Unit 2 into English.
Step 1 Review the rules of the usage of an/a/the one by noe.
Step 2 Using an/a/the correctly
Step 3 Finish Activity4and5.
Step 4 More exercise related to the usage of an/a/the.
Step 5 Work in groups and t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alk about your trip by plane from the hour, price and destination.
Step 6 Get the students to complete Activity 5.
Step 7 Talk about some advantages and disadvantages of plane.
Step 8 Introduce the plane Concorde.
Step 9 Read the passage and complete the table.
Step 10 Read the passage again and answer the questions.
Step 11 Talk about your recent travel experience.
Step 12 Introduce the first pilot to fly across the Atlantic Ocean
Step 13 Work in groups. Find ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a new story about a good deed and turn it into a short play.
Step 14 Answer any questions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )your classmates might have. Then write about the trip■从词性上看
because 是连词，其后接句子；because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。如：21cnjy.com
I didn’t buy it because it was too expensive.
我没有买是因为它太贵了。
He is here because of you (that).
他为你(那事)而来这里。
He lost his job because of his age.
由于年龄关系他失去了工作。
We said nothing about it, because of his wife’s being there.21·cn·jy·com
因为他妻子在那儿，我们对此只字未提。
He knew she was crying because of what he had said.www.21-cn-jy.com
他知道她哭是因为他说的话。
注意：because of 之后可接 what 从句，但不能接 that 从句或没有引导词的句子。如：21教育网
他因病未来。
误：He didn’t come because of he was ill.
误：He didn’t come because of that he was ill.
正：He didn’t come because he was ill.
正：He didn’t come because of his illness.
比较以下同义句：
他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的话。
正：He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting.
正：He left the compa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ny because of the thing that the boss said at the meeting.
我不能因为有个家就停止斗争。
正：I can’t stop fighting because I have a family.
正：I can’t stop fighting because of having a family.21世纪教育网版权所有
■从用法上看
because 所引导的从句除用作原因状语外，还可用作表语。如：
It is because he loves you.
那是因为他爱你。
而复合介词 because of 所引导的介词短语通常用作状语而不用作表语。如：
他因雨缺席。
误：His absence was because of the rain.
正：His absence was due to the rain.
正：He was absent because of the rain.
但是有时若主语是代词(不是名词)，也可以用 because of 引出的短语作表语。如：
It is just because of money.
那只是因为钱的原因。
That was because of his sickness.
那是因为他生病的原因。冠词用法专项练习与解析
I.?冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。
1．There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall．
2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．
3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．
4． _______ doctor t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )old him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day． 21·cn·jy·com
5．Let's go out for _______ walk．
6．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．
7．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．
8． _______ sun rises in _______ east．
9． _______ Changjiang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )River is _______ longest river in _______ China．
10．Are you going to do it _______ second time？
11．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．
12． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street．
13．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．
14． _______ old ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper． 21·世纪*教育网
15．After I had _______ quick breakfast，I hurried to school．
16．Are _______ she ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat？ www.21-cn-jy.com
17．They went to _______ People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday． www-2-1-cnjy-com
18．I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening． 21*cnjy*com
19． _______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday．
20．Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today． 21教育名师原创作品
21．I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject．
22．He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike．
23．What does this _______ word mean， _______ Father？
24．What _______ important news！
II.选择填空。
1．—Does Jim have _______ ruler？
—Yes，he has _______．
A．an；some B．a；one C．a；／ D．any；one
2．There is _______ old bike． _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's．
A．an ；The B．the；An C．a；The D．the；The
3． _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay．
A．The B．A C．An D．Two
4．—How many books do you have？
—I have _______ book．That's _______ English book．
A．a；an B．a；one C．one；an D．one；one
5．At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby． 21世纪教育网版权所有
A．a B．an C．the D．／
6． _______ tiger is _______ China．
A．The；a B．A；the C．The；from D．The；the
7．We can't see _______ sun at _______ night．
A．the；the B．the；／ C．a；／ D．／；／
8． _______ useful book it is！
A．What an B．How a C．What a D．What
9．One afternoon he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) found _______ handbag．There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag． 【出处：21教育名师】
A．a；an；the B．a；a；the C．an；an；an D．the；a；a
10． _______ old lad ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting． 21*cnjy*com
A．An；an；a B．The；／；an C．The；／；a D．The；／；the
11． _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world．
A．A；a B．The；the C．A；the D．The；a
12． _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River．
A．The；a B．A；／ C．A；the D．An；the
13． _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school．
A．A；an B．The；a C．The；the D．A；the
14．He used to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer．
A．a；a B．a；the C．／；a D．a；／
15．They made him _______ king．
A．a B．the C．an D．／
16．His father is _______ English teacher．He works in our school．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
17．Is he _______ American boy ？
A．an B．a C．one D．／
18．Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school？
A．／；／ B．／；the C．the；／ D．a；／
19．They passed our school _______ day before yesterday．
A．an B．one C．a D．the
20．Australia is _______ English-speaking country． 【版权所有：21教育】
A．a B．an C．the D．／
21．She has _______ orange skirt． _______ skirt is nice．
A．a；The B．an；The C．an；A D．the；The
22．This is _______ apple．It's _______ big apple．
A．an；a B．a；the C．a；an D．an；the
23．Look at _______ horse over there．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
24．Don't play _______ basketball here．It's dangerous．
A．a B．an C．／ D．the
25．There is _______ old woman in the car．
A．／ B．the C．a D．an
26．Beijing is _______ beautiful city．It's _______ capital of China．
A．a；a B．the；the C．／；the D．a；the
27．Shanghai is in _______ east of China．
A．／ B．an C．a D．the
28．I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
29．Bill is _______ English teacher．He likes playing _______ football．
A．a；the B．an；the C．a；／ D．an；／
30．The museum is quite ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) far．It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus． 21cnjy.com
A．an；／ B．an；a C．a；／ D．／；／
初中英语冠词用法专项练习答案与详解
I．1．a；an；the
2．a；an。第一个空的a是泛指，第二个空的an是指“一小时”。
3．An；a。这两个空都是泛指，故都用不定冠词。
4．The；the；a。前两 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个空都是特指，故填the；后一个空中的a相当于every或each，three times a day意为“一天三次”。 2·1·c·n·j·y
5．a。go out for a walk意为“出去散步”。
6．the
7．a；The。前者泛指，后者特指。
8．The；the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体；第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
9．The；the，×。第一空用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词；第二空用the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词；第三空“零”冠词是因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。 2-1-c-n-j-y
10．a。a second time意为“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意为“第二次”。此句填a是表示动作的重复，而不能用the（表顺序）。 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
11．the；the。第一个the是特指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加定冠词。
12．The。“the ＋姓氏的复数”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
13．the；×。表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。
14．The a；×；×。在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前不加冠词。
15．a。三餐名称前若有形容词，则可在形容词前加冠词，此处是泛指，故用a。
16．×；×；×；×。此句意为“农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”前两个空也可填定冠词，意为：“那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”
17．the；the。普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
18．×；the。TV前不加冠词。“早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。
19．The；×；×。第一空是特指。日期名词前不加冠词。
20?×；a21．×。学科名称前一般不加冠词。
22．×；×。go to school上学。by bike骑自行车。
23．×；×。指示代词不能与定冠词连用。
24?×。注意news是不可数名词，故不能加a。
II．
1．B。第一空是泛指；第二空的one是不定代词，用以替代前面的ruler。
2．A
3．C。这是一句谚语，意思是“一天吃一个苹果，用不着看医生。”
4．C。one强调数量，用以回答“Howmany．．．？”问句；第二个空是泛指，故用an。
5．A。one虽以元音字母开头，但以辅音音素［w］开头，故填a。
6．C。此句意为：“这只老虎来自中国。”
7．B。在“太阳、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠词the；at night“在夜晚”，注意该短语中没有冠词。 21教育网
8?C
9．A。“s”虽为辅音字母，但却以元音音素［e］开头，故填an。
10．D。第一个空填the，是特指那个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“白发老太太”；第二个空不填冠词，是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有language，就得说the English language。“在会议上”应为at the meeting。
11．B。the Great Wall长城。
12．C。第一个空是泛指，用a；第二个空是河流名称，故用the。
13．B。第一个空：“那边的那个妇女”，是特指；第二个空是指那个妇女的身份、职业，是泛指。
14．D。第一个空是泛指；第二个空用“零冠词”是因为turn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。
15．D。表示某人的职位时可用“零冠词”。
16．B17．A 18．A。after school放学以后。
19．D。the day before yesterday前天。
20．B21．B。第一空泛指，第二空特指。
22．A。两个空都是泛指。
23．C
24．C
25．D
26．D
27．D。in the east of在某地区（内）的东部。
28．A。two and a half years也可说成two years and a half，意思都是“两年半”。
29?D
30?A。half an hour半小时，by bus乘公共汽车。(共31张PPT)
Unit 3 Language in use
Do you like travel If you have a chance to travel abroad, where would you like to go most
How will you go there
Talk about them to your partner.
I want to go to Singapore by plane …
I want to go to Paris by plane …
Nowadays, people often travel by plane. Have you ever taken a plane Work in groups and talk about your trip by plane about the hour, price and destination.
London to Sydney Sydney to London
London — Hong Kong _______ hour(s).
Hong Kong — Sydney _______ hour(s). Sydney – London: _____ hour(s)
From airport to centre of Hong Kong: _____ hour(s). Price of flight: ￡_____
Price of flight:￡ ______ Price of flight and hotel near airport:￡_____
Price of flight and hotel:￡__________ From airport to
centre of Sydney: _______ kilometres
12
9
1
1,199
1,247
24
1,119
1,189
20
5 Listen and complete the notes.
Work in pairs. Look at the notes you have made in Activity 5. Talk about:
Which flight takes a longer time
Which flight is more expensive
Do you like travelling by plane Why
Talk about some advantages and disadvantages of travelling by plane.
Have you ever heard about the plane Concorde
协和式飞机（法语、英语：Concorde）是一种由法国宇航和英国飞机公司联合研制的中程超音速客机。1969年，第一架协和超音速客机诞生，并于1976年1月21日投入商业飞行。协和式超音速客机是世界上唯一投入航线上运营的超音速商用客机。协和式飞机一共只生产了20架。英国航空公司和法国航空公司使用协和式飞机运营跨越大西洋的航线。到2003年，尚有12架协和式飞机进行商业飞行。2003年10月24日，协和式飞机执行了最后一次飞行，全部退役。
Is it a large plane
Does it look like a fast plane
Do you think it carried passengers
Read the passage and complete the table.
Advantages of Concorde Disadvantage of Concorde
Faster than the speed of sound.
Crossed the Atlantic in just over 3 hours.
Carried only 100 passengers.
Only suited to rich people.
Possibly unsafe – 113 people killed in a crash.
Very noisy.
How many passages could Concorde carry
2. Why do many people think Concorde
was one of the greatest planes
Concorde could carry one hundred passengers.
Many people think it was one of the greatest planes because it was very fast.
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
3. How many hours did Concorde take to fly from London or Paris to New York
It took just over three hours to fly from London or Paris to New York.
how you travelled
how long the journey took
how you felt about it
Talk about your recent travel experience.
I travelled from Beijing to Shanghai
by train. The journey was not very
long. There were a lot of people on the
train. I think the journey took about
five hours. I was very excited because
it was my first visit to Shanghai.
Have you heard about other
kinds of planes, such as the
Boeing 777 or the Airbus A380
Boeing
The Boeing Company is an American
multinational corporation that designs, manufactures. Boeing is among the largest global aircraft manufacturers and is the largest exporter in the United States by dollar value.
The Boeing 777 is a long range, two-engine, wide body commercial airliner. The world's largest twinjet and commonly referred to as the "Triple Seven", the aircraft can carry between 283 and 368 passengers and has a range from 5235 to 9380 nautical miles.
The Airbus A380
The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, wide-body, four-engine jet airliner made by Airbus. It is the world‘s largest passenger airliner, and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it. It was designed to challenge Boeing’s monopoly (垄断) in the large-aircraft market. The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service in October 2007 with Singapore Airlines.
The first pilot to fly across the Atlantic Ocean
Charles Lindbergh from St. Louis, the US
Spirit of St. Louis
Flew 33 hours over 5,800 kilometres
Around the world
Dates: February 4, 1902 - August 26,
1974
Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh was born in the city of Detroit, Michigan, on February Fourth, 1902. He grew up on a farm in Minnesota. His mother was a school teacher. His father was a lawyer who later became a United States congressman. The family spent ten years in Washington, D.C., while Mister Lindbergh served in the Congress.
Charles Lindbergh completed the first nonstop transatlantic flight on May 21, 1927. This 33-hour trip from New York to Paris forever changed Lindbergh's life and the future of aviation (航空). Hailed (称颂) as a hero, the shy young pilot from Minnesota was unwillingly thrust into the public eye. Lindbergh's unwelcome fame would later haunt (时常萦绕心头) him when his infant son was kidnapped (绑架) for ransom and killed in 1932.
The Spirit of St. Louis is the custom-built, single engine, single-seat monoplane that was flown solo by Charles Lindbergh on May 20–21, 1927, on the first non-stop flight from New York to
Paris for which Lindbergh won the $25,000
Orteig Prize.
Lindbergh took off in the Spirit from Roosevelt Airfield, New York and landed 33 hours, 30 minutes later at Aéroport Le Bourget in Paris,
France, a distance of about 5,800 km. The Spirit is one of the best-known aircrafts in the world and now on display at the Smithsonian's National
Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.
Work in groups. Find a new story about a good deed and turn it into a short play. Decide:
the characters
the place and time
the plot
Now write the play.
Module task: Writing and acting out a short play
A Sample
Elderly man: Hello, I think you have a problem.
Li Wei: Yes, my bicycle is broken.
Elderly man: What happened
Li Wei: I was riding my bicycle. There was some glass on the road. Now there is no air in my bake tyre.
Elderly man: Don’t worry. I can fix your tyre. I have a repair kit on my bicycle.
Li Wei: Thank you, sir.
A test: Tell the class about your trip.
Answer any questions your classmates might
have. Then write about the trip.
My best Trip to Beijing
I had a 5-day holiday last month. My parents and I decided to go to Beijing for our holiday. We went there by plane. We first paid a visit to the Great Wall, which is famous throughout the world. Early in the morning we left for the Great Wall. When we got to the foot of it, we saw a crowd of people there.
A Sample
We were all excited and began to climb it. We followed the steps, walking towards the top of the Great Wall. Wow! What a nice view! The sun was shining, the wind was blowing, and the small hills were connected to each other. The Great Wall lies on the earth, just like a huge long dragon. Soon we reached the top of the Great Wall. Everything seemed to be under us. We were wild with joy and couldn’t help shouting out! It was the best trip in Beijing that we can’t forget!英语冠词用法汇总
冠词 Article
一、冠词的定义
冠词是一种虚词,本身不能独立使用,只能置于名词之前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物及该名词的含义.这个概念在汉语中没有,只在英语中存在.
二、冠词的分类
冠词分为定冠词(the)及不定冠词(a, an)两类.
1.定冠词(the)
定冠词the表示"这","那","这些","那些"之意,用于可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前.例如:
the apple这(那)个苹果
the books这些(那些)书
the red one红色的那个
the bigger one那个更大的
2.不定冠词(a, an)
不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前,表示" ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一"的概念,但不强调数目,只表示该名词不是"特定者".a(an)表示"一"的意义时,不如one的数字概念强.例如:
a pen 一支钢笔 an egg 一个鸡蛋
a student 一个学生 an apple 一个苹果
三、定冠词the的用法
(1)指代上文已提到过的人或事物.例如:
He has a new pen. The pen was bought in America.
他有一枝新钢笔.这枝钢笔是在美国买的.
There is a book c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )alled "Gone with the Wind" on my shelf. The book was written by a foreign writer. 我的书架上有一本名为《飘》的书.这本书是一位外国作家写的.
I saw a film last night. The film is very interesting.2·1·c·n·j·y
昨天晚上我看了一部电影.这部电影非常有趣.
(2)特指谈话双方都熟悉的某(些)人或某(些)事物.例如:
The bag on the desk isn't mine.
桌子上的那个书包不是我的.
The angry man on the screen is David.
荧屏上的那个怒气冲冲的男人是大卫.
Is the city of Nanjing beautiful
南京这座城市漂亮吗
(3)用在世界上独一无二的事物前.例如:
The moon is the satellite of the earth.
月球是地球的卫星.
The world is changing all the time.
世界无时无刻不在变化着.
The sun is far away from the earth.
太阳离地球很远.
(4)用在序数词,形容词的最高级前及由only修饰的名词前.例如:
The first lesson is as difficult as the last one.
第一课和最后一课一样难.
This moon cake is the nicest of all.
这块月饼是所有月饼中最好吃的.
She is the only person who was late today.
她是今天惟一的迟到者.
(5)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如:
the Summer Palace 颐和园
the Communist Party of China 中国共产党
the USA 美国
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the Great Wall 长城
the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会
(6)用在江河,湖泊,海洋,山脉,群岛等的名词前.例如:
the Yellow River 黄河 the Black Sea 黑海
the West Lake 西湖
the Himalayas 喜马拉雅山
the Tianshan Mountains 天山山脉
the Indian Ocean印度洋
(7)用在姓氏复数前,表示"某某一家人"或"某某夫妇".例如:
the Greens 格林一家人(格林夫妇)
the Wangs 王家(姓王的夫妇)
the Kings 金一家人(金夫妇)
the Lis李家(姓李的夫妇)
注意
"the+姓氏复数"作主语,谓语动词用复数.例如:
The Greens are watching TV at the moment.
格林一家现在正在看电视.
The Whites do thei ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r cooking at home only at the weekend. 怀特夫妇仅在周末才在家做饭.21教育网
(8)the后加某些形容词,表示一类人或事物.例如:
the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the rich 富人
the poor 穷人 the clever 聪明人 the blind 盲人
(9)用在乐器前面.例如:
play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴
(10)用在"the+形容词比较级,the+形容词比较级"结构中,表示"越……越……".例如:
The more, the better. 越多越好.
The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be. 你锻炼得越多,身体就越健康.
The more we get together, the happier we are.
我们相处得越多,就越觉得快乐.
(11)当名词被短语或从句修饰时,该名词前用冠词.例如:
The man under the tree is my grandfather.在树下的那个人是我的爷爷.
The one on the left is a new kind of machine.
左边的那台是一种新型机器.
The girl in white is Mary.
那个穿白色衣服的女孩是玛丽.
(12)用在表示方位的名词前.例如:
in the east 在东方 in the west 在西部
in the northeast of China 在中国的东北部
in the south 在南方
(13)用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或物.例如:
The tree is a kind of plant. 树是一种植物.
The camel is a useful animal.
骆驼是一种有用的动物.
The computer is an interesting tool.
电脑是一种有趣的工具.
(14)the常用于一些固定搭配中.例如:
in the morning 在早上(上午)
in the early morning 一大早
in the evening 在晚上
in the beginning 在开头(端)
in the afternoon 在下午
by the way 顺便问一下
in the end 最后,终于
the next day 第二天
at the end of 在……末尾
the day after tomorrow 后天
at the age of 在……岁的时候
in the front of 在……(内部)的前面
the day before yesterday 前天
on the right(left)在右(左)边
四、不定冠词a(an)的用法
(1)表示某一类人或事物中的个体,要在名词前加a(an).例如:
Your mother is a nurse. 你妈妈是一名护士.
Please pass me a chair. 请递给我一把椅子.
A child needs love in his early life.
一个孩子在年幼时需要关爱.
(2)用来指某人或某物.但不具体说明是谁或是什么时,名词前要加a(an).例如:
A visitor called me up just now.
一位游客刚才给我打了个电话.
He borrowed a dictionary yesterday.
他昨天借了一本词典.
(3)用来表示"一"的概念,但不如one的数字概念强.例如:
The cage is about a metre high, a metre wide.
这个笼子有约一米高,一米宽.
An old man is waiting for you.
一位老人正在等你.
Here is a present for you. 这有给你的一件礼物.
(4)表示单位,数量,长度等.例如:
I write to my pen-friend once a month.
我每月给我的笔友写一封信.
Take this medicine three times a day.
这药一天吃三次.
My uncle gave me a thousand pounds last time.
上次我叔叔给了我1000英镑.
(5)用在专有名词前,表示说话者不知道的人或事物.例如:
A Mr Black rang you up just now.
一个名叫布莱克的先生刚才给你打过电话.
A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的人在找你.
A Miss Chen borrowed money from me.
一位姓陈的女士借过我的钱.
(6)月份,星期及morning, afternoon, evening, night等名词前有修饰语时,一律用a(an).例如:21·cn·jy·com
on a cold morning在一个寒冷的早上
in a sunny Sunday 在一个晴朗的星期天
in a hot month 在一个很热的月份
on a terrible night 在一个可怕的夜晚
(7)与表示职业,身份等的名词连用,一般不翻译.例如:
The boy wants to be an engineer when he grows up.
这个男孩长大后想当工程师.
Are you a doctor or a nurse 你是医生还是护士
Is your grandfather interested in a foreign language www.21-cn-jy.com
你爷爷对外语感兴趣吗
(8)用在such a(an)…, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )quite a(an)…, many a(an)…, rather a(an)…与"so+形容词+a(an)+单数名词"的结构中.例如:【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
It is such a tall tree. 这棵树这么高.
Many a man comes to work on the farm.
许多人来这家农场劳动.
She is rather a painter. 她真是个画家.
(9)用于what引导的感叹句中.例如:
What a cold day it was yesterday!
昨天真是一个大冷天!
What an interesting picture it is!
这是一幅多么有趣的画!
What a difficult problem! 多难的题啊!
(10)用于某些固定搭配中.例如:
a few 一些,少数几个 a bit 一点儿
a lot(of) 许多,大量 a little 一点儿
a piece of 一片/块 have a cold 患感冒
have a meal 吃顿饭 have a rest 休息一下
have a swim 游泳 have a walk 散步
have a good time 过得愉快;玩得高兴
五、零冠词
在英语中,许多情况下名词前不用冠词,通常称为零冠词.
(1)在专有名词前不用冠词.例如:
China 中国 John 约翰 Australia 澳大利亚
No.1 Middle School 第一中学
National Day国庆节
(2)名词前有指示代词,物主代词,不定代词或名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词.例如:
The radio is on her desk. 收音机在她的书桌上.
Are there any birds in that tree
那棵树上有鸟吗
Some young pioneers are working on the farm.
一些少先队员正在农场劳动.
(3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时,名词前不用冠词.例如:
My uncle and aunt are both doctors.
我的叔叔和婶婶都是医生.
My mother likes cakes.
我妈妈喜欢吃蛋糕.
Horses are useful animals.
马是有用的动物.
(4)在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前不加冠词.例如:
Uncle Wang 王叔叔 Mr Green 格林先生
Miss Li 李小姐 Chairman Hu 胡主席
Dr Smith史密斯博士 Professor Chen 陈教授
(5)在季节,月份,星期前不用冠词.例如:
It's very hot in summer. 夏季天气很热.
This kind of flowers comes out in February.
这种花在二月份开放.
We usually have class meetings on Wednesday.
我们通常在周三开班会.
(6)在一日三餐,学科,球类,棋牌类名词前不用冠词.例如:
We have Chin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese, maths, English, and other subjects at school.我们在学校学习语文,数学,英语和其他课程.21世纪教育网版权所有
I have lunch at a quarter to twelve every day.
我每天11:45吃午饭.
Children love to play football. 孩子们爱踢足球.
(7)在表示交通方式的介词短语中,不用冠词.例如:
Do you usually come to Guangzhou by plane or by train 21cnjy.com
你通常乘飞机还是乘火车来广州
We are going to the zoo on foot tomorrow.
我们打算明天步行去动物园.
How do you like going there by bike
你觉得骑自行车去那儿怎样
(8)当抽象名词或物质名词表示一般概念时不用冠词.例如:
The girl enjoys music very much.
这个女孩非常热爱音乐.
Please put sugar into it. 请往里面加些糖.
Milk is necessary for children.
牛奶是儿童所必需的(食品).
(9)两个相同或相对的名词并用时,不用冠词.例如:
father and son 父与子 hand in hand 手拉手
day and night 日夜 face to face 面对面
sun and moon 日月 side by side 肩并肩
(10)在某些固定搭配中不用冠词.例如:
go to work 去上班 go to school 去上学
on time 按时;准时 at home 在家
go to college上大学
go to church去做礼拜
in bed 在睡觉;卧病在床
in front of 在……前面
at table 进餐 in future 今后
on earth 究竟 in hospital 住院
六、习惯用语中使用冠词和不使用冠词的差异与辨析
(1)in front of 在……的前面(外部)
in the front of在……的前面(内部)
(5)in future (从今以后的)将来
in the future (较为遥远的)将来
(8)in bed 在睡觉;卧病在床
in the bed 在床上
(9)go to church 去做礼拜
go to the church 去教堂
注意
在一些短语中,有无冠词并无区别.例如:
at least(at the least)至少
at most(at the most)至多
turn to right(turn to the right)向右拐
in face of(in the face of)面对
on one hand (on the one hand)…on the other hand一方面……另一方面(共31张PPT)
Unit 3 Language in use
I’ll miss you.
take care
get on the train
take the wrong seat
Car 9, Seat 12 A
have the tickets ready
take off
It’s a long story.
我会想念你
保重
上车
坐错座位
9号车厢，12A座
准备好车票
脱掉
说来话长
Translate these phrases.
不定冠词的基本用法 例 句
1. 表示数量“一”或“任意一个（类）”
2. 第一次提到“某一个”， 并不特指具体的人或事物
3. 说明名词所代表的东西的类别
We took a tour by coach.
A gentleman wants to see you.
She is a teacher.
We all thought him a suitable person for the job.
4. 可用个体来概括整体特征
5. 在表示价格速度频率等名词前表示“每一（个）”
6. 某些习惯用法
A tiger can be dangerous.
3 times a day
60 kilometers an hour
in a word
take a walk
as a rule
a few, get a cold
定冠词的基本用法 例 句
1. 给予某个名词明确的限定的特指的意义
前面已提及
谈话双方都知道
带某些限定性成分，将普通意义加以明确限定
2. 单数可数名词前加the代表一类人或事物
He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
Give me the book, please.
They are in the same class.
The panda is a cute animal.
3. 形容词、数词、分词等之前加the代表一类人或事物
4. 表示世界上独一无二的东西的名词前要加定冠词
5. 乐器前要用 the
We all think the rich should help the poor.
the sun
the sky
the moon
the earth
She likes playing the
piano.
6.序数词、形容词的最高级形式前
7.某些固定用法
January is the first month of the year.
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water, field, country); in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre, …
in front of 在…前面
in the front of 在…范围内的前部
in the hospital 在医院里
in hospital (生病)住院
在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：
A: I’m really looking forward to _______ summer holiday. We’ re taking _______ trip to ______ Paris!
B: How wonderful! It’s _______ interesting and beautiful city. How long will _______ flight take
1 Complete the passage with a, an, the or zero article where necessary.
the
a
/
an
the
A: The flight takes about _______ hour. When we arrive, we will get to our hotel by ______ bus. _______ hotel is right in ________ centre of _______ city, so we can visit all the famous places.
B: Are you planning to visit ______ Louvre Museum
A: Yes, we are.
an
/
The
the
the
the
1. Children have to go to school / the school when they are six years old.
2. I’m a teacher at school / the school on the corner.
3. He’s got a lovely garden. Flowers / The flowers in it are really beautiful.
4. Make sure you get to the airport in time /
in the time for your plane.
2 Underline the correct words.
5. —How many CDs have you got
— Only few / a few.
6. That’s most / the most interesting news I’ve heard for a long time.
7. How long have Whites / the Whites lived here
( ) 1. There isn’t ____ river near where I live.
____ nearest river is 500 kilometers away.
A. a, The B. an, A C. the, A
( ) 2. _____ old lady with white hair spoke
_____ English well at _____ meeting.
A. An, an, a B. The, /, an C. The, /, the
( ) 3. --- Will you get there by ____ train
--- No, I’ll take ____ taxi.
A. /, a B. a, the C. /, /
A
C
A
( ) 4. --- Is ________ English-Chinese
dictionary on the desk yours
--- No, I don’t have ________ English-
Chinese dictionary.
A. /, a B. a, the C. the, an
( ) 5. My brother is playing _______
basketball while my sister is playing ____
piano.
A. /, / B. the, the C. /, the
( ) 6. My grandparents often stay at _____
home at ________ weekends.
A. /, the B. /, / C. the, the
C
C
B
( ) 7. --- What would you like for ____
breakfast, Mr. Fang
--- Three pieces of bread with _____ cup
of black tea, please.
A. a, a B. /, the C. /, a
( ) 8. --- Have you seen ______ pen I left it here this morning.
--- Is it ______ black one I think I saw it somewhere.
A. a, the B. the, the
C. the, a D. a, a
( ) 9. --- I spent all my money because I stayed in
______ most expensive hotel in the city.
--- Why didn’t you choose ______ cheaper one
A. a, the B. the, a C. the, /
C
D
B
( ) 10. Mrs. Liu lived in ____ but she went
into ____ once a week to buy food
and other things for the house.
A. country, town B. the country, the town C. the country, town
( ) 11. This is ____ interesting story and it is
also ____ moving one.
A. an, an B. an, the C. an, a
( ) 12. Some people are still in ____ habit of
writing in ____ public places.
A. the, the B. /, / C. the, /
C
C
C
( ) 13. Young men prefer going by ____ plane
to going in ____ ship.
A. /, a B. the, a C. /, the
( ) 14. ____ long the bridge is! Let me drive
you over it.
A. What B. What a C. How
( ) 15. People like to see films on ____ TV
instead of going to ____ cinema.
A. the, the B. /, the C. the, /
( ) 16. ____ Smiths are going to the park this
Sunday. Why don’t we go for ____ walk
A. A, a B. An, / C. The, a
A
C
B
C
( ) 17. ____ China is ____ old country with
____ long history.
A. The, an, a B. /, an, a C. /, an, the
( ) 18. I will have ____ supper with ____
Blacks in the restaurant this weekend.
A. the, the B. the, / C. /, the
( ) 19. There’s going to be ____ interesting
American film on _____ night of August 4th.
A. an, the B. an, a C. a, the
( ) 20. ____ little girl making faces is ____
Australian.
A. The, an B. A, an C. A, /
B
C
A
A
3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
flight landed ready seat station tour
She had an important meeting that afternoon, so she had to take an earlier _______.
2. Please take your _________.
3. Sam went with Jane to the railway ______ to see her off.
flight
seat
station
4. It is wonderful to _______ the streets of the city.
5. Flight KA846 from Hong Kong ________ five minutes ago.
6. “Please have your tickets _______,” said the ticket officer.
tour
landed
ready
4 Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box.
Answers:
1. because of
2. looking forward to
3. make yourself comfortable
4. full of
5. As long as
( ) 1.―What do you want to be in the future, John
― I want to be _____ fashion designer. It is ______ amazing job. (2012湖北咸宁)
A. a ; the B. an; a C. a; an D. an; the
C
中考链接
( ) 2. There is _____ old bridge near my house. (2012湖南永州)
A. a B. an C. the
B
( ) 3. This summer, I’m going to visit _______ Great wall. (2012江苏淮安)
A. a B. an C. the D. /
C
( ) 4. ---What do you want to be when you grow up
---I want to be _____ social worker. Many people are in great need of our help. (2012江苏南京)
A. a B. an
C. the D. 不填
A
( ) 5. Helen has ____ lovely pet dog. _____ dog is clever enough to bring her newspapers every evening. (2012江苏镇江)
A. a; A B. the; The
C. a; The D. the; A
( ) 6. I want to have ______ English pen pal. (2012山东济南)
A. a B. the C. an D. /
C
C
( ) 7. —What do you think of _______ film about Zhan Tianyou
—It’s __________ good film. (2012天津)
A. the; the B. a; the
C. the; a D. a; a
C
( ) 8. They want their daughter to go to _______university, but they also want her to get _______ summer job. (2012浙江杭州)
A. 不填；a B. the ；a
C. an ；a D. a; the
A
( ) 9. —I missed the beginning of ________ cartoon The Lion King.
—What a pity! You should have left school half ________ hour earlier. (2013潍坊)
A. a; an B. the; a
C. the; an D. an; the
C
( ) 10. —What can you see in my hand, Tony
—I can see a book. ________ book is green.(2013湘潭)
A. A B. An C. The
C
( ) 11. Chairman Xi Jingping had _______ friendly talk with U.S President Obama in _________ America. (2013大庆)
A. a; / B. the; /
C. /; the D. a; an
A
( ) 12. Jim is __________ good basketball player. He plays in our school team. (2013大连)
A. a B. an C. the D. /
A
( ) 13. ---Excuse me, is there _____ book by Mo Yan
---Yes. It’s on _______ bookshelf over there. (2013扬州)
A. a; / B. a; the
C. /; the D. the; a
B
( ) 14. Look ! There is _______ elephant on the grass. It is playing with a ball. (2013吉林)
A. an B. a C. the
A
( ) 15. Lee Min-ho is ________ actor from South Korea. He sang ________ Chinese pop song on the 2014 CCTV New Year’s Gala. (2014连云港)
A. the；an B. /; the C. an；a D. a; /
C
( ) 16. — Look! There is a monkey eating ________ apple in the tree. — En, ________ monkey is very cute. (2014达州)
A. a; a B. a; the C. an; an D. an; the
D
( ) 17. —Mary, who’s ______ woman over there
—She’s my aunt, ______ English teacher. (2014天津)
A. the; the B. a; the C. the; an D. a; an
C
( ) 18. Reading can make you become _______ expert and change your life. (2014潍坊)
A. a B. an C. 不填 D. the
B
( ) 19. —Look! Who’s _______ boy over there
—Oh, he’s my cousin, Bob. He is _______ honest boy. (2014滨州)
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; an D. a; an
C
( ) 20. —Is _______ red bag under the table yours, Jean
—No. I only have _______ yellow bag. Maybe it's Julia's. (2014泰安)
A. a: the B . the; a C. a; a D. the; the
B▲中考考点一：可数名词与不可数名词
[真题展示]
1. —Have you heard the good news
—No, what ______
A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those
2. How many ______ do you want every week
A. milk B. water C. apples
虽然大多数英语名词可以根据汉语中数的概念来区分是否可数，但这些可以根据常识判断的却并不一定是中考考查的重点。备考时大家要注意两点：1)可以表达两种以上概念的名词，要注意区分什么情况下可数，什么情况下不可数；2) 对于一些以s结尾的貌似可数名词复数的单词，要特别引起注意。3) 要记住可数名词与不可数名词对限定词（包括冠词、数词、形容词等）的不同要求。
大家再来看这两道中考题。第1题，news虽然以s结尾，却并非复数可数名词，而是一个不可数名词，没有单复数的区别，其代词应当用it，谓语动词应当用单数，所以选A。第2题，how many意为“多少”，只能对可数名词的量进行提问，后面应当接可数名词复数，三个选项中只有apples是可数名词复数，所以选C。21cnjy.com
▲中考考点二：名词所有格
[真题展示]
_______ room is big and bright. They like it very much. 2·1·c·n·j·y
A. Tom and Sam B. Tom’s and Sam
C. Tom and Sam’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) D. Tom’s and Sam’s
名词所有格表示所有关系，有两种表示方式。’s常用于有生命的名词后面构成所有格，但在表示距离、时间、天体、国家、城市等无生命名词的后面也可用’s构成所有格。of常用于构成无生命名词的所有格。表示两个人共同拥有某物时，其所有格在第二个人的名字上体现；表示两个人分别拥有某物时，其所有格在两个人的名字上都要有体现。
在本题中，由于空白处后的room为单数名词，可知这里的房间不可能是两个人分别所有的房间，两人共有某物时，应当在后一个人的名字后加’s，所以选C。www.21-cn-jy.com
▲中考考点三：冠词
[真题展示]
I looked under ___ table and found ___ pen I lost yesterday. 21教育网
A. the; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; /
定冠词表示特指，不定冠词表示泛指，这是冠词最基本的用法，其他许多用法最终都可以用“泛指”和“特指”来解释。此外，还有一部分不能归结为“泛指”和“特指”，仅仅是人们约定俗成的用法而已，对于这种情况，需要平时多注意积累。
本题中，在桌子下寻找，必然是在某“特定的”桌子下，所以第一个空白处应当用定冠词；找到的钢笔是昨日丢的那支钢笔，也是特指，应当用定冠词，所以选B。21·cn·jy·com
▲中考考点四：基数词与序数词
[真题展示]
1. —Peter, how old is your father this year
—____. And we just had a party for his ____ birthday last weekend.
A. Fortieth; forty B. Forty; forty21世纪教育网版权所有
C. Forty; fortieth D. Fortieth; fortieth【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
2. All the teachers live on ______ floor.
A. the second B. two C. second
基数词表示事物的数目，而序数词则表示事物的顺序。对于基数词和序数词，大家首先要掌握基数词和序数词的用法，还要掌握基数词与序数词互换的规律。
第1题的第一个空白处应当是对上句询问年龄的回答，应当用基数词；第二个空白处表示他的第几个生日，应当用序数词，所以选C。第2题，“住在二楼”应当用序数词，而序数词前一般应当用定冠词the，所以选A。as long as 有两 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个意思，一是用于本义，意为“与……一样长(久)”，在否定句中，也可说成 (not) so long as；二是用于引申义，表示“只要”，用于此义时也可说成 so long as(不管是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句)。如：
This river is as long as that one.
这条河与那条河一条长。
He lived abroad as long as five years.
他住在国外长达五年之久。
He didn’t stay there as [so] long as she.
他在那儿住得 不如她久。
As long as it doesn’t rain we can go.
只要不下雨，我们就可以去。只要不下雨，我们就可以去。
As [So] long as you need me, I’ll stay.
只要你需要我，我就留下。初中英语冠词的分类和用法讲解
不定冠词的用法
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。21·cn·jy·com
不定冠词a（an）与数词one 同源，是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。www.21-cn-jy.com
1）表示“一个”，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2）代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3）词组或成语。
a little / a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden2·1·c·n·j·y
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（这）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
1）特指双方都明白的人或物：
Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2）上文提到过的人或事：
He bought a house.I’ve been to the house.
他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3）指世上独一物二的事物：
the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth
4）单数名词连用表示一类事物：
如：the dollar 美元；th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e fox 狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人；the living 生者。www-2-1-cnjy-com
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：
Where do you live？I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二层。
That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。21·世纪*教育网
6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师）
They are teachers of this school. （指部分教师）
7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：
She caught me by the arm…… 她抓住了我的手臂。
8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United States 美国
9）用在表示乐器的名词之前：
She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。
10）用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：
the Greens 格林一家人 （或格林夫妇）
11）用在惯用语中：
in the day，in the morning （afternoon，evening），the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday，the next morning，
in the sky （water，field，country）
in the dark，in the rain，in the distance，
in the middle （of），in the end，
on the whole，by the way，go to the theatre
零冠词的用法
1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；
2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；
They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；
Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；
Man cannot live without water.人离开水就无法生存。
5）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；
The guards took the American to General Lee.
士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；
如：have breakfast，play chess
8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；
I can’t write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。21教育网
9）当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus，by train；
10）有些个体名词不用冠词；
如：school，college，pr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义；21cnjy.com
go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 （并不是去看病，而是有其他目的）
11）不用冠词的序数词；
a. 序数词前有物主代词
b. 序数词作副词：He came first in the race.
c. 在固定词组中：at （the）first，first of all，from first to last21世纪教育网版权所有1、 at the end of用于 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意。at the end of 后边可以跟时间和地点名词，表示“在......末" 如at the end of this month 在这个月末, at the end of last month ,at the end of next month ,at the end of the road 在路的尽头 等 www.21-cn-jy.com
The school is situated at the end of the street．
该校位于这条街的尽头。
We'll have an exam in English at the end of January．【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
一月底我们要参加英语考试。
They were at the end of their patience．
他们忍无可忍。
He is at the end of his wits．
他智穷才尽，束手无策。
2、 by the end of用于表示时间的场合 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，往往含有“不迟于”的意味。值得注意的是，at the end of亦可用于表示时间的场合（见上面第二个例句），但其义和by the end of有所不同。试对比下面两例： 21·世纪*教育网
at the end of January 一月底（指一月份的最后一天）
by the end of January 一月底之前（指一月份结束前的几天）
We are to complete the task by the end of the year．www-2-1-cnjy-com
年底之前我们必须完成此项任务。
Their communication is at an end．
他们的交往到此为止。
by the end of 是“到......末”的意思，后边跟不同的时间会有不同的含义和用法。 21教育网
A 跟将来的时间，就用一般将来时，如
By the end of next month，I will finish reading this book.21cnjy.com
(到下个月末，我将读完这本书）。
B 跟现在的时间，就用现在完成时，如
By the end of this week ,I have written two books.21·cn·jy·com
(到这个星期末，我已经写了两本书了）
C 跟过去的时间，用过去完成时
By the end of last month, I had planted thousands of trees.2·1·c·n·j·y
(到上个月末，我已经种了数千棵树了）
3、 in the end的涵义是“终于”、“最后”，其义相当于 at last。例：
I'm sure everything will turn out satisfactory in the end．21世纪教育网版权所有
我确信，最后一切都会令人满意的。
In the end things will mend．
船到桥头自会直。
拓展:
at an end 在一端
in the end最后，终于（与 at last ,finally相近）
by the end of 到...为止 （常与完成时态连用）
at the end 在....末端 在...后期
