陕西省西安市莲湖区2022-2023学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

陕西省西安市莲湖区2022-2023学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题
一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
A 6-day Tour from Beijing to Xi'an in China
When it comes to China's Beijing and Xi'an, which tourist attractions will hit you During this tour, you can enjoy a selection of scenic spots of Beijing and Xi'an in full 6 days with the experience of taking a train. Apart from harvesting a visual feast of great sights and historical heritages, you can taste various delicious local snacks and have a look at Chinese culture.
★ Visiting the highlights of Beijing, the capital city and Xi'an, an ancient city within nearly one week
★ Experiencing the super-high-speed train from Beijing to Xi'an (only about 5 hours, helping you save more time for sightseeing)
★ One-stop service including tour guides, hotels, meals, transportation, attraction admissions and insurance, etc
Package Prices & Details
Your Group Size Luxurious Class Superior Class Tourist Class
1 person $1667/$1426 $1384/$1250 $1232/$1129
2-5 persons $963/$836 $822/$740 $746/$687
6-9 persons $810/$682 $669/$602 $593/$534
The higher prices are for high season (Apr 1-Nov 30), and the lower prices are for low season (Dec 1-Mar 31).
Tour Package Includes:
★ Dining: 5 breakfasts, 5 lunches
★ Hotels: accommodation in Beijing and Xi'an
★ Train tickets: Beijing-Xi'an (the super-high-speed train)
★ Admissions: entrance fees to all listed scenic spots
★ Vehicles: private air-conditioned cars
★ Drivers: experienced licensed drivers
★ Tour guides: English-speaking guides
★ Luggage transfers: a hand for heavy luggage
★ Insurance: Travel Agencies Liability Insurance
1．What do we know about the tour
A．It lasts two weeks.
B．It starts from Xi'an.
C．It offers one-stop service.
D．It includes the normal-speed train ride.
2．How much should a couple taking Luxurious Class in August pay for the tour
A．$963. B．$1667. C．$1672. D．$1926.
3．Which does the tour package include
A．Chinese-speaking guides. B．Travel insurance.
C．Five meals free of charge. D．Cars without air-conditioning.
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍一个中国北京至西安六日游的安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第三个★中的"One-stop service including tour guides, hotels, meals, transportation, attraction admissions and insurance, etc"一站式服务，包括导游、酒店、餐饮、交通、景点门票和保险等。可知，该旅游中提供一站式服务。故选C。
2．考查数字计算。根据题干中"a couple taking Luxurious Class"选豪华级的一对夫妇，可知，应对应方框中$963/$836的价格；再结合方框中"The higher prices are for high season (Apr 1-Nov 30), and the lower prices are for low season (Dec 1-Mar 31)."价格较高的是旺季（4月1日至11月30日），价格较低的是淡季（12月至3月31日）可知，8月是旺季，所以一对夫妻的费用应为963*2=1926。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据Tour Package Includes部分中的"Insurance: Travel Agencies Liability Insurance"保险：旅行社责任险，可知，该旅游套餐包括中包括旅游保险。故选B。
阅读理解
Three high school seniors from Callisburg, Texas, learned that an old gatekeeper in their school didn't have enough money to retire, so they decided to help him out.
The three students, Greyson Thurman, Marti Yousko and Banner Tidwell, from Callisburg High School created a GoFundMe page on Feb. 15, which attracted many people after Thurman posted a video of the old man's cleaning a hallway on the Internet. The video was accompanied by music and text that included a link to the GoFundMe page they created.
"This is our 80-year-old gatekeeper who had his rent raised and had to come back to work. Let's help Mr James out," the post read. "No one at his age should have to be cleaning our messes up to continue to live."
Through the page, they got more than 8,000 donations totaling about $260,000. Most of the donations came from Callisburg's students and staff. "It's amazing," said Jason Hooper, Callisburg High Principal. In his opinion, the need was met because of the three kind kids. All the students who joined in the activity met that need.
The three students said they had to help the old man after he was forced out of retirement due to the rising cost of living in the north Texas area. "It's just so sad to see an 80-year-oldman having to do things that no 80-year-old person should have to do," said Tidwell.
Mr James is hardly alone. About 1.5 million retirees have had to rejoin the workforce due to the high inflation(通货膨胀), according to an analysis of the data by the US Department of Labor. About 1 in 6 retirees is considering returning to work in search of greater financial security, according to a survey published this month from Paychex.
Money got from the activity was enough to send Mr James back into retirement. He could get ready to go back to retirement and would live a comfortable life.
4．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How to create a page.
B．What to do for people in need.
C．A brief introduction to Callisburg High School.
D．The way the three students helped the gatekeeper.
5．Which did Jason Hooper think was surprising
A．So many people loving the video.
B．The three kids making a difference.
C．An 80-year-old gatekeeper still working.
D．The total number of the money lent to the gatekeeper.
6．What does the author intend to show through paragraph 6
A．The high inflation of the US.
B．The way most retirees are living.
C．The living situation of the retirees.
D．What 1 in 6 retirees is considering.
7．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text
A．Society. B．Economy. C．Literature. D．Travel.
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了来自德克萨斯州卡利斯堡的三名高中毕业生得知他们学校的一名老门卫没有足够的钱退休，所以他们决定帮助他。同时，从这件事中也反映出了美国退休人员的财务保障问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查段落大意。根据第二段"The three students, Greyson Thurman, Marti Yousko and Banner Tidwell, from Callisburg High School created a GoFundMe page on Feb. 15, which attracted many people after Thurman posted a video of the old man's cleaning a hallway on the Internet. The video was accompanied by music and text that included a link to the GoFundMe page they created."2月15日，来自加里斯堡高中的三名学生格雷森·瑟曼、马蒂·尤斯科和班纳·蒂德威尔在GoFundMe上创建了一个页面，在瑟曼把老人打扫走廊的视频发布到网上后，吸引了很多人。该视频配有音乐和文字，其中包括他们创建的GoFundMe页面的链接。可知，第二段的主要讲的是三个学生帮助门卫的方式。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘It's amazing,' said Jason Hooper, Callisburg High Principal. In his opinion, the need was met because of the three kind kids. All the students who joined in the activity met that need."卡利斯堡中学校长杰森·胡珀说："这太神奇了。在他看来，正是因为这三个善良的孩子，这个需求才得以满足。所有参加活动的学生都满足了这种需要。可知，杰森·胡珀认为三个孩子带来了改变令人惊讶。故选B。
6．考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"About 1.5 million retirees have had to rejoin the workforce due to the high inflation(通货膨胀), according to an analysis of the data by the US Department of Labor. About 1 in 6 retirees is considering returning to work in search of greater financial security, according to a survey published this month from Paychex."根据美国劳工部对数据的分析，由于高通货膨胀，大约有150万退休人员不得不重新加入劳动力大军。Paychex本月发布的一项调查显示，大约六分之一的退休人员正在考虑重返工作岗位，以寻求更大的财务保障。可推知，作者想通过第六段表达退休人员的生活状况。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"About 1.5 million retirees have had to rejoin the workforce due to the high inflation(通货膨胀), according to an analysis of the data by the US Department of Labor. About 1 in 6 retirees is considering returning to work in search of greater financial security, according to a survey published this month from Paychex."根据美国劳工部对数据的分析，由于高通货膨胀，大约有150万退休人员不得不重新加入劳动力大军。Paychex本月发布的一项调查显示，大约六分之一的退休人员正在考虑重返工作岗位，以寻求更大的财务保障；以及最后一段"Money got from the activity was enough to send Mr James back into retirement. He could get ready to go back to retirement and would live a comfortable life."从这项活动中得到的钱足以让詹姆斯先生重新退休。他可以准备好回到退休生活，过上舒适的生活。可知，本文讲述了来自德克萨斯州卡利斯堡的三名高中毕业生得知他们学校的一名老门卫没有足够的钱退休，所以他们决定帮助他。同时，从这件事中也反映出了美国退休人员的财务保障问题。可推断在报纸的社会板块找到这篇文章。故选A。
阅读理解
Just like a smartwatch can tell its wearers how many calories they need during exercise, data from dolphin wearables can now be used to estimate how much energy dolphins use when they swim.
University of Michigan engineers, together with scientists at Dolphin Quest Oahu, have led the development of wearable sensors(传感器) for marine animals to monitor movement and behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals.
Dolphins and other sea creatures are affected by human disturbances(干扰) in their habitat, including climate change, overfishing, noise pollution from shipping, construction, oil exploration and other activities. These types of disturbances can interrupt important animal behavior like hunting for fish and socializing, but measuring the disturbance is difficult be-cause the animals live under water.
Devices very similar to fitness trackers used by humans, known as biologging tags, are used in biology research, but estimating the energetic cost of swimming has been challenging. Now, with the biologging tags made together with an instrument company, Michigan engineers are able to measure animal movement during thousands of strokes(划) as they swim.
According to Alex Shorter, U-M assistant professor of mechanical engineering, their goal is to use tag data to estimate how many fish are eaten by dolphins during a day, and connect that to estimates of how much energy dolphins use during the movement required to catch those fish. That is important for preservation because they can then use their approach to estimate energetic costs when these animals are disturbed.
In their new work, the researchers were able to develop estimates of energetic cost from tag data by working with their human and animal collaborators at Dolphin Quest Oahu. In this unique environment, the researchers were able to conduct repeatable swimming trials over a range of speeds from multiple animals to generate the data needed to estimate how much energy the animals were using as they swam. Marine animal specialists trained the dolphins to wear the tracker during lap trials and periods of free swimming.
8．What is the final goal of developing wearable sensors for marine animals
A．To record the number of them.
B．To promote the protection for them.
C．To keep track of the lifestyle of them.
D．To monitor their movement and behavior.
9．Why is it hard to measure the disturbance of dolphins
A．Because of their habitat.
B．Because of their strange behaviors.
C．Because of too many kinds of disturbances.
D．Because of too simple measuring equipment.
10．What is tag data used to do
A．Learn about the way dolphins hunt.
B．Know the number of species of dolphins.
C．Make sure what kind of fish dolphins eat.
D．Figure out dolphin's probable amount of energetic costs.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．A New Device Made by Alex Shorter
B．A Smartwatch Designed for Marine Scientists
C．New Activity Trackers for Dolphin Conservation
D．A University Working with an Instrument Company
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．D
11．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了密歇根大学的工程师与海豚探索瓦胡岛的科学家一起，领导了可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段"University of Michigan engineers, together with scientists at Dolphin Quest Oahu, have led the development of wearable sensors(传感器) for marine animals to monitor movement and behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals."密歇根大学的工程师与海豚探索瓦胡岛的科学家一起，领导了可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。可知，为海洋动物开发可穿戴传感器的最终目标是促进对它们的保护。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"These types of disturbances can interrupt important animal behavior like hunting for fish and socializing, but measuring the disturbance is difficult be-cause the animals live under water."这些类型的干扰会干扰动物的重要行为，如捕鱼和社交，但测量干扰是困难的，因为动物生活在水下。可知，很难测量对海豚的干扰是因为它们的栖息地在水下的原因。故选A。
10．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"According to Alex Shorter, U-M assistant professor of mechanical engineering, their goal is to use tag data to estimate how many fish are eaten by dolphins during a day, and connect that to estimates of how much energy dolphins use during the movement required to catch those fish."根据密歇根大学机械工程助理教授Alex Shorter的说法，他们的目标是使用标签数据来估计海豚一天吃了多少鱼，并将其与海豚在捕获这些鱼所需的运动中消耗的能量联系起来。可知，标签数据是用来计算出海豚可能的能量消耗。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第二段"University of Michigan engineers, together with scientists at Dolphin Quest Oahu, have led the development of wearable sensors(传感器) for marine animals to monitor movement and behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals."密歇根大学的工程师与海豚探索瓦胡岛的科学家一起，领导了可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。可知，本文介绍了科学家们研究了海豚可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。"保护海豚的新型活动追踪器"适合做文章的标题。故选C。
阅读理解
If there was any doubt about whether the world has entered a new space race, the competition of lunar-bound launch this month could be the smoking gun. After NASA canceled two launch attempts in late August and early September-followed by delays(延期) caused by Hurricane Ian and Tropical Storm Nicole—the US space agency tried again to send up its first Artemis mission.
That period fits in with that of another mission less-known in the United States. A Japanese commercial company focusing on building moon landers launched on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on Dec. 11, 2022 in the US.
"We recognize that a launch of NASA's is scheduled during the same timeframe, and we believe this sends the message that a new age is opening for the cislunar economy(地月经济) with these two historic missions—one government and one commercial," the company said in a statement.
NASA happens to be one of the company's customers, hoping to receive moon dust samples from the private lander's trip. However, the plan failed on Apr. 26, 2023. If the Tokyo-based company had succeeded, it would have been the first to land a Japanese spacecraft on the moon. What's more, it could have been the first successful private delivery of cargo to the lunar surface ever.
Brad Jolliff, director of the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, believes the next five years will be full of commercial missions to perform landings, deliver more goods to the moon, and promote science experiments. In Brad's opinion, the new age of lunar exploration and travel won't be done entirely by NASA. It will be done with international partners and with commercial partners.
12．What made NASA put off its launch plan a third time
A．Natural disasters. B．A lack of preparation.
C．The high cost of technology. D．Other important experiments.
13．What do we know about the Japanese company
A．Its head office is in the US.
B．It has ever sent goods for customers in space.
C．Its launch time is roughly the same as a NASA's launch.
D．It's a company successfully delivering goods to the moon.
14．What does the underlined word "cargo" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Satellite. B．Spaceship. C．Signal. D．Goods.
15．What is Brad's attitude to private commercial missions to space
A．Hopeful. B．Opposed. C．Careless. D．Doubtful.
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．D
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各国已经开始新的一轮太空竞赛了，美国国家航空航天局和日本航天公司开始商业登录月球计划，企图开启地月经济新时代。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"After NASA canceled two launch attempts in late August and early September-followed by delays(延期) caused by Hurricane Ian and Tropical Storm Nicole—the US space agency tried again to send up its first Artemis mission."在美国国家航空航天局取消了8月底和9月初的两次发射尝试，随后飓风伊恩和热带风暴妮可导致发射延迟后，美国航天局再次尝试发射其首次阿尔忒弥斯任务。可知，第三次延迟发射是因为自然灾害原因-飓风。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段"‘We recognize that a launch of NASA's is scheduled during the same timeframe, and we believe this sends the message that a new age is opening for the cislunar economy(地月经济) with these two historic missions—one government and one commercial,' the company said in a statement."该公司在一份声明中表示："我们认识到，美国国家航空航天局的发射计划在同一时间段内进行，我们相信这发出了一个信息，即随着这两项历史性任务——一项是政府任务，一项是商业任务——地月经济正在开启一个新时代。"可知，该公司发射计划和美国国家航空航天局的发射计划在同一时段进行的。故选C。
14．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"If the Tokyo-based company had succeeded, it would have been the first to land a Japanese spacecraft on the moon. What's more, it could have been the first successful private delivery of cargo to the lunar surface ever."如果这家总部位于东京的公司成功了，它将是第一个将日本航天器降落在月球上的公司。更重要的是，这可能是有史以来第一次成功地将 私人运送到月球表面；以及最后一段中的"...deliver more goods to the moon, and promote science experiments."向月球运送更多的货物，并促进科学实验。可知，这里应指把私人的"货物"运输到月球表面，所以划线词 cargo 的意思是"货物"。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Brad Jolliff, director of the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, believes the next five years will be full of commercial missions to perform landings, deliver more goods to the moon, and promote science experiments."圣路易斯华盛顿大学麦克唐奈空间科学中心主任Brad Jolliff认为，未来五年将充满着陆、向月球运送更多货物和促进科学实验的商业任务。可知，Brad对私人太空商业任务是看好并认为这是充满希望的。故选A。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we know, forming a good personality is very useful for everyone. You can improve your personality with some suggestions given below.
● 　16． 　 It has been proved that intelligence can be divided into many classes. Many times school top students also lose out in their careers because adjustment with knowledge in a career field requires the specific type of ability to make wise decisions.
● Moral principle and awareness. 　17． 　 If you are aware, you will do your work with complete honesty and determination. It is clear that persons like you don't need to be watched over at work. Since you know your responsibilities, you will be successful in your field.
● Openness. If you have the ability to hug something with an open heart then undoubtedly you can learn a lot. This ability makes you win popularity with your friends because you do not hesitate to learn even from your younger ones. 　18． 　 Always remember if your personality is like that—having the ability to accept the right thing, you are successful.
● Communication. The role of conversation is important in developing personality. Your speaking ability not only makes you popular but also gives you success. So your pronunciation should be clear. Along with speaking, it is also important to have the art of listening. Be-sides, take special care of your body language too. 　19． 　
● Teamwork. Effective teamwork is the key to the strength of an organization. 　20． 　 Characteristics of an effective team include a high degree of interaction with people inside and outside the group and a healthy amount of disagreement and creativity.
A Loss.
B. Wisdom.
C. You need to improve spoken language.
D. Awareness acts as a basic condition for success.
E. Everyone wants to work with such open people.
F. Good teamwork ensures the success of the work.
G. That's because you tell a lot through your body language.
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．E；19．G；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就怎样改善读者的个性而提供了几个建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后"It has been proved that intelligence can be divided into many classes. Many times school top students also lose out in their careers because adjustment with knowledge in a career field requires the specific type of ability to make wise decisions."事实证明，智力可以分为许多类。很多时候，学校的顶尖学生也会在职业生涯中失利，因为适应职业领域的知识需要特定类型的能力来做出明智的决定。可知，这段主要讲智力对我们的影响， B. Wisdom. "智慧"符合语境，对下文有总结作用，且也与下文intelligence和wise decisions对应。故选B。
17．根据空前"Moral principle and awareness."道德原则和意识；以及空后"If you are aware, you will do your work with complete honesty and determination."如果你意识到了，你将以完全的诚实和决心完成你的工作。可知，此空处应讲意识的作用， D. Awareness acts as a basic condition for success. "意识是成功的基本条件"承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空前"Openness. If you have the ability to hug something with an open heart, then undoubtedly you can learn a lot. This ability makes you win popularity with your friends because you do not hesitate to learn even from your younger ones."开放。如果你有能力用一颗开放的心拥抱一些东西，那么毫无疑问你可以学到很多。这种能力会让你赢得朋友的欢迎，因为你会毫不犹豫地向年轻人学习。可知，作者这里建议我们拥有一颗开放的心， E. Everyone wants to work with such open people. "每个人都想和这样开放的人一起工作"符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前"Communication. The role of conversation is important in developing personality. Your speaking ability not only makes you popular but also gives you success. So your pronunciation should be clear. Along with speaking, it is also important to have the art of listening. Besides, take special care of your body language too. "交流。谈话在培养个性方面起着重要作用。你的说话能力不仅使你受欢迎，而且使你成功。所以你的发音应该清晰。除了说话，拥有倾听的艺术也很重要。此外，也要特别注意你的肢体语言。可知，本段主要讲谈吐言语在培养个性方面的作用以及建议我们要注意肢体语言。 G. That's because you tell a lot through your body language. "那是因为你通过肢体语言表达了很多"符合语境，故选G。
20．根据空前"Teamwork. Effective teamwork is the key to the strength of an organization."团队合作。有效的团队合作是一个组织力量的关键。可知，这里主要讲团队合作的好处。 F. Good teamwork ensures the success of the work. "良好的团队合作确保工作的成功"符合语境，其中Good teamwork 与上文 Effective teamwork对应。故选F。
三、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had the most wonderful experience with a taxi driver yesterday and it really made my day.
Last afternoon, I was going from my home to a supermarket. I wouldn't be long there because I had 21． in walking. Using a walking stick, I stopped a taxi. The driver went out of his way to 22． me. He told me that he wanted to 23． up a few things. "I am happy to turn off the meter(计程表) and then start it again when we 24． back." In that case, it was 25． cheaper for me to book his taxi to go home than to pay two 26． booking fees. I responded, "Thanks, sir."
Then he went 27． with me and meanwhile waited for me. He had just gone through the checkout as I was lining up to 28． . When he saw me coming out, he helped me carry my things to the 29． and supported me into it. When we got back to my place, he parked his car as 30． to my door as possible to save me a bit of 31． . He even carried all of those things to the front door with a smile along the way. What a 32． and caring gentleman!
Today, I plan to write the 33． experience on my blog where I will 34． him. I truly believe he is a jewel and worthy of being thought highly of. 35． it with the whole world is really worthwhile!
21．A．fun B．comfort C．difficulty D．reflection
22．A．assist B．seek C．monitor D．reject
23．A．break B．eat C．tear D．pick
24．A．head B．give C．take D．call
25．A．impossibly B．illegally C．previously D．definitely
26．A．professional B．national C．separate D．false
27．A．drinking B．shopping C．hiking D．hunting
28．A．pay B．gather C．relax D．donate
29．A．bus B．car C．supermarket D．house
30．A．high B．fast C．close D．distant
31．A．covering B．walking C．cash D．duty
32．A．humorous B．romantic C．creative D．friendly
33．A．impressive B．comic C．upsetting D．disappointing
34．A．guide B．employ C．praise D．greet
35．A．Celebrating B．Sharing C．Defending D．Judging
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．D；26．C；27．B；28．A；29．B；30．C；31．B；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者昨天和一位出租车司机经历的充满爱心的助人为乐的故事，这让作者感到很开心。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我不会在那里待太久，因为我走路有困难。A. fun"乐趣"；B. comfort"安慰"；C. difficulty"困难"；D. reflection"反射"。根据下文"Using a walking stick, I stopped a taxi."可知，此处为我不会在那里待太久，因为我走路有困难。故选C。
22．句意：司机特意来帮助我。A. assist"帮助"； B. seek"寻找"；C. monitor"监控"；D. reject"拒绝"。根据上文提到的我走路有困难。以及"Using a walking stick, I stopped a taxi."可知，此处为司机特意来帮助我。故选A。
23．句意：他告诉我他想买点东西。A. break"打破"；B. eat"吃"；C. tear"撕毁"；D. pick"拿起，买"。根据下文"He had just gone through the checkout as I was lining up to 8 ."可知，此处为他告诉我他想买点东西。故选D。
24．句意：我很乐意关掉计程表，然后在我们返回时重新开始。A. head"前往"；B. give"给"；C. take"带走"；D. call"打电话"。根据空前"and then start it again"可推知，此处为我很乐意关掉计程表，然后在我们返回时重新开始。故选A。
25．句意：在这种情况下，对我来说，预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。A. impossibly"不可能地"；B. illegally"违法地"；C. previously"先前地"；D. definitely"明确地"。根据空后"cheaper for me to book his taxi to go home than to pay two 6 booking fees."可推知，此处为在这种情况下，对我来说，预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。故选D。
26．句意：在这种情况下，对我来说，预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。A. professional"专业的"；B. national"国家的"；C. separate"分开的"；D. false"错误的"。根据空前"cheaper for me to book his taxi to go home than…"可知，此处为预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。故选C。
27．句意：然后他和我一起去购物，同时等着我。A. drinking"喝"；B. shopping"购物"；C. hiking"徒步旅行"；D. hunting"捕猎"。根据上文提到的他告诉我他想买点东西。以及下文"He had just gone through the checkout as I was lining up to 8 ."可知，此处为然后他和我一起去购物，同时等着我。故选B。
28．句意：当我排队结账时，他刚刚通过收银台。A. pay"支付"；B. gather"聚集"；C. relax"放松"；D. donate"捐赠"。根据空前"gone through the checkout"可推知，此处为当我排队结账时，他刚刚通过收银台。故选A。
29．句意：当他看到我出来时，他帮我把东西搬到车里，扶着我上了车。A. bus"公交车"；B. car"小汽车"；C. supermarket"超市"；D. house"房子"。根据上文提到的我很乐意关掉计程表，然后在我们返回时重新开始。可知，此处为当他看到我出来时，他帮我把东西搬到车里，扶着我上了车。故选B。
30．句意：当我们回到我家的时候，他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。A. high"高的"；B. fast"快速的"；C. close"近的"；D. distant"遥远的"。根据空后"to my door as possible to save me a bit of 11 "可推知，此处为他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。故选C。
31．句意：当我们回到我家的时候，他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。A. covering"遮盖物"；B. walking"步行"；C. cash"现金"；D. duty"职责"。根据上文"he parked his car as close to my door"可知，此处为他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。故选B。
32．句意：多么友好和体贴的绅士啊！A. humorous"幽默的"；B. romantic"浪漫的"；C. creative"有创造力的"；D. friendly"友好的"。根据句意以及空后"and caring gentleman"可知，此处为多么友好和体贴的绅士啊！故选D。
33．句意：今天，我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上，在那里我将表扬他。A. impressive"印象深刻的"；B. comic"滑稽的"；C. upsetting"令人心烦意乱的"；D. disappointing"令人失望的"。根据句意以及空后"experience on my blog"可推知，此处为我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上。故选A。
34．句意：今天，我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上，在那里我将表扬他。A. guide"指导"；B. employ"雇佣"；C. praise"表扬"；D. greet"问候"。根据下文"I truly believe he is a jewel and worthy of being thought highly of."可知，此处为我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上，在那里我将表扬他。故选C。
35．句意：与全世界分享它真的很值得！A. Celebrating"庆祝"；B. Sharing"分享"；C. Defending"防护"；D. Judging"判断"。根据空后"with the whole world is really worthwhile!"可知，此处为与全世界分享它真的很值得！故选B。
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since ancient times, human beings have tried to explore space and find other life forms. They even tended 　36． 　(improve) the moon's environment to support life. It was the first time that they had grown plants in the lunar soil. The scientists said they had no idea whether anything 　37． 　(grow) in the moon dirt. They wanted to see if it could be used to grow food. The results surprised them.
Ferl is one of the 　38． 　(professor) in the University of Florida's institute, and he was 　39． 　(amaze) at the results. "Plants 　40． 　(actual) grow in the soil of the moon," he said. Ferl and other researchers planted thale cress(拟南芥), a small flowering plant in lunar soil. The good news was that all the seeds grew. The bad news was that after 　41． 　 first week, the lunar soil put too much pressure on the plants, 　42． 　(cause) then to grow slowly. The majority 　43． 　 the moon plants ended up stunted—meaning small or not fully developed.
The longer the soil was exposed to solar radiation and wind on the moon, the 　44． 　(bad) the plants seemed to be. The soil, 　45． 　 was collected by the Apollo 11 mission, was the least helpful for growth because it had been exposed for a couple billion years.
【答案】36．to improve；37．would grow；38．professors；39．amazed；40．actually；41．the；42．causing；43．of；44．worse；45．which
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍关于在月球上种植植物的研究。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，名词，形容词，副词，冠词，介词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：他们甚至倾向于改善月球的环境以支持生命。tend to do sth.固定短语，"倾向于……"。故填to improve。
37．句意：科学家们说，他们不知道月球上的泥土中是否会有生物生长。此处是同位语从句的谓语动词，此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时，故填would grow。
38．句意：Ferl是佛罗里达大学研究所的教授之一，他对结果感到惊讶。此处为one of+可数名词复数。故填professors。
39．句意：Ferl是佛罗里达大学研究所的教授之一，他对结果感到惊讶。作表语，修饰人应用形容词amazed，be amazed at固定短语，"对……感到惊讶"，故填amazed。
40．句意："植物实际上生长在月球的土壤中，"他说。修饰动词grow应用副词，作状语。故填actually。
41．句意：坏消息是，在第一周之后，月球土壤给植物施加了太大的压力，导致它们生长缓慢。序数词first前用定冠词the，表示"第一"。故填the。
42．句意：坏消息是，在第一周之后，月球土壤给植物施加了太大的压力，导致它们生长缓慢。此处cause与上文句子构成主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。
43．句意：大多数月球上的植物最终都发育不良，意思是很小或发育不完全。the majority of固定短语，"大多数"。故填of。
44．句意：土壤在月球上暴露在太阳辐射和风中的时间越长，植物的状况似乎就越差。此处为 "the+比较级，the+比较级"句型，应用比较级。故填worse。
45．句意：这些土壤是由阿波罗11号任务收集的，对生长最没有帮助，因为它已经暴露在外面几十亿年了。 was collected by the Apollo 11 mission 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词soil，在从句中作主语，先行词指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
五、书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
46．假定你是李华，六月十八日，你校以"Father's Day"为主题举办了一场英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇报道向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间、地点和目的；
2. 比赛现场描述；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Meaningful English Speaking Contest
【答案】A Meaningful English Speaking Contest
On the afternoon of June 18th, our school held an English speaking contest on the theme of "Father's Day" on the playground, which was aimed to create a strong campus gratitude atmosphere.
The contest was intense. All the competitors were well prepared. For one thing, they spoke about their fathers' dedication to their families. For another thing, they expressed their respect and love for their fathers. These speeches were so wonderful that all the audience rose to their feet to applaud. The final three winners were awarded books about fathers.
In my view, the contest is meaningful. It lets us realize gratitude is not only a virtue, but also a responsibility. As teenagers, we should be grateful to our families.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇报道向校英文报投稿。写作背景：六月十八日，你校以"Father's Day"为主题举办了一场英语演讲比赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 比赛时间、地点和目的；2. 比赛现场描述；3. 你的感受。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：On the afternoon of June 18th, our school held an English speaking contest on the theme of "Father's Day" on the playground, which was aimed to create a strong campus gratitude atmosphere.运用了非限制性定语从句，被动语态；These speeches were so wonderful that all the audience rose to their feet to applaud. 运用了结果状语从句。
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a sunny morning six months ago. Henry, a teenager boy, had been walking down the sidewalk. When he made way for an old lady, he fell to the ground. His heart suddenly stopped.
However, Henry was fortunate enough to fall in front of a faith-based shelter for home less people in transitional housing (过渡房) based in Hyannis, Massachusetts. A 54-year-old resident David was working inside it when he heard someone outside screaming for help. He ran to the scene as soon as possible.
David, who had just been given CPR (心肺复苏) training with all the staff and residents of the shelter a few days previously, ran over to Henry's motionless body and started giving first aid. He had been conducting CPR for ten minutes before medical staff arrived and loaded Henry into the ambulance.
Henry was born with a kind of heart disease. The disease was deadly especially when it struck on the road. Thanks to David's immediate action. Henry was saved in time. In no time, Henry's father Sam came to the hospital and said thanks to David and the doctors over again and again. One of Henry's attending doctors said. "No one could believe it. Generally speaking, if you're not in the hospital and go into shock from a heart attack, you won't survive it. Even if you're in the hospital, the result may be the same."
A resident in the shelter said, "David is a nice, lovely and reliable man. He is very organized and always arranges things perfectly. So I know he can deal with the emergency." Of course, David could made it because he had been volunteering to serve the homeless since childhood. But something unexpected caused him to be homeless and end up in the shelter.
As a means of thanking David for helping to save his son from certain death, Sam created a page to raise money for David. "David is doing everything right to escape his homelessness, but the barrier is huge. Chances of escaping homelessness are about as slim as walking away from a heart attack," he said.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Sam had since been able to raise some money for David.
David also expressed endless gratitude to Sam and whoever had helped him.
【答案】 Sam had since been able to raise some money for David. Part of the money was spent on rent for David's apartment. The rest was spent on a car for David to go to work. Obviously, what Sam did helped David get out of transitional housing. Since Sam started his effort, David finally pulled himself together and stood on his own two feet. "David is well worth this investment because he is such a kind man and always works at his best with great pride," Sam said in an interview.
David also expressed endless gratitude to Sam and whoever had helped him. David was in awe of generosity of Sam's family, friends and total strangers who had banded together to help him rise out of homelessness. He thought he couldn't thank them enough. In return for their help, David began to try to help the other residents in the shelter. He said with a smile, "I didn't want anything in return, and what I did was just out of conscience. Now, I have a little friend, Henry, who likes to do voluntary work in the shelter whenever he has time."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了当时患有心脏病的少年亨利在马萨诸塞州的一个避难所前倒下了。大卫是收容所的一名居民，他刚刚接受过心肺复苏术的培训，他给亨利实施心肺复苏直到医务人员到达。出于感激，亨利的父亲山姆为大卫建立了一个筹款页面，帮助他支付了公寓的租金和工作所需的汽车，从而摆脱了无家可归的困境。作为感谢，大卫自愿帮助收容所的其他居民。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"山姆后来为大卫筹到了一些钱。"可知，第一段可描写山姆帮助大卫摆脱贫困，大卫振作起来，不断改变，以最好的状态工作。②由第二段首句内容"大卫也对山姆和所有帮助过他的人表达了无尽的感激。"可知，大卫表达感激之情，同时描写大卫回报山姆的帮助，去帮助他人。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Part of the money was spent on rent for David's apartment. 运用了被动语态； Obviously, what Sam did helped David get out of transitional housing. 运用了主语从句；Since Sam started his effort, David finally pulled himself together and stood on his own two feet.运用了原因状语从句； David is well worth this investment because he is such a kind man and always works at his best with great pride运用了原因状语从句；David was in awe of generosity of Sam's family, friends and total strangers who had banded together to help him rise out of homelessness. 运用了限制性定语从句；He thought he couldn't thank them enough.运用了宾语从句； I didn't want anything in return, and what I did was just out of conscience. 运用了并列句，主语从句；Now, I have a little friend, Henry, who likes to do voluntary work in the shelter whenever he has time.运用了同位语，非限制性定语从句，时间状语从句。
1 / 1陕西省西安市莲湖区2022-2023学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题
一、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读理解
A 6-day Tour from Beijing to Xi'an in China
When it comes to China's Beijing and Xi'an, which tourist attractions will hit you During this tour, you can enjoy a selection of scenic spots of Beijing and Xi'an in full 6 days with the experience of taking a train. Apart from harvesting a visual feast of great sights and historical heritages, you can taste various delicious local snacks and have a look at Chinese culture.
★ Visiting the highlights of Beijing, the capital city and Xi'an, an ancient city within nearly one week
★ Experiencing the super-high-speed train from Beijing to Xi'an (only about 5 hours, helping you save more time for sightseeing)
★ One-stop service including tour guides, hotels, meals, transportation, attraction admissions and insurance, etc
Package Prices & Details
Your Group Size Luxurious Class Superior Class Tourist Class
1 person $1667/$1426 $1384/$1250 $1232/$1129
2-5 persons $963/$836 $822/$740 $746/$687
6-9 persons $810/$682 $669/$602 $593/$534
The higher prices are for high season (Apr 1-Nov 30), and the lower prices are for low season (Dec 1-Mar 31).
Tour Package Includes:
★ Dining: 5 breakfasts, 5 lunches
★ Hotels: accommodation in Beijing and Xi'an
★ Train tickets: Beijing-Xi'an (the super-high-speed train)
★ Admissions: entrance fees to all listed scenic spots
★ Vehicles: private air-conditioned cars
★ Drivers: experienced licensed drivers
★ Tour guides: English-speaking guides
★ Luggage transfers: a hand for heavy luggage
★ Insurance: Travel Agencies Liability Insurance
1．What do we know about the tour
A．It lasts two weeks.
B．It starts from Xi'an.
C．It offers one-stop service.
D．It includes the normal-speed train ride.
2．How much should a couple taking Luxurious Class in August pay for the tour
A．$963. B．$1667. C．$1672. D．$1926.
3．Which does the tour package include
A．Chinese-speaking guides. B．Travel insurance.
C．Five meals free of charge. D．Cars without air-conditioning.
阅读理解
Three high school seniors from Callisburg, Texas, learned that an old gatekeeper in their school didn't have enough money to retire, so they decided to help him out.
The three students, Greyson Thurman, Marti Yousko and Banner Tidwell, from Callisburg High School created a GoFundMe page on Feb. 15, which attracted many people after Thurman posted a video of the old man's cleaning a hallway on the Internet. The video was accompanied by music and text that included a link to the GoFundMe page they created.
"This is our 80-year-old gatekeeper who had his rent raised and had to come back to work. Let's help Mr James out," the post read. "No one at his age should have to be cleaning our messes up to continue to live."
Through the page, they got more than 8,000 donations totaling about $260,000. Most of the donations came from Callisburg's students and staff. "It's amazing," said Jason Hooper, Callisburg High Principal. In his opinion, the need was met because of the three kind kids. All the students who joined in the activity met that need.
The three students said they had to help the old man after he was forced out of retirement due to the rising cost of living in the north Texas area. "It's just so sad to see an 80-year-oldman having to do things that no 80-year-old person should have to do," said Tidwell.
Mr James is hardly alone. About 1.5 million retirees have had to rejoin the workforce due to the high inflation(通货膨胀), according to an analysis of the data by the US Department of Labor. About 1 in 6 retirees is considering returning to work in search of greater financial security, according to a survey published this month from Paychex.
Money got from the activity was enough to send Mr James back into retirement. He could get ready to go back to retirement and would live a comfortable life.
4．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How to create a page.
B．What to do for people in need.
C．A brief introduction to Callisburg High School.
D．The way the three students helped the gatekeeper.
5．Which did Jason Hooper think was surprising
A．So many people loving the video.
B．The three kids making a difference.
C．An 80-year-old gatekeeper still working.
D．The total number of the money lent to the gatekeeper.
6．What does the author intend to show through paragraph 6
A．The high inflation of the US.
B．The way most retirees are living.
C．The living situation of the retirees.
D．What 1 in 6 retirees is considering.
7．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text
A．Society. B．Economy. C．Literature. D．Travel.
阅读理解
Just like a smartwatch can tell its wearers how many calories they need during exercise, data from dolphin wearables can now be used to estimate how much energy dolphins use when they swim.
University of Michigan engineers, together with scientists at Dolphin Quest Oahu, have led the development of wearable sensors(传感器) for marine animals to monitor movement and behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals.
Dolphins and other sea creatures are affected by human disturbances(干扰) in their habitat, including climate change, overfishing, noise pollution from shipping, construction, oil exploration and other activities. These types of disturbances can interrupt important animal behavior like hunting for fish and socializing, but measuring the disturbance is difficult be-cause the animals live under water.
Devices very similar to fitness trackers used by humans, known as biologging tags, are used in biology research, but estimating the energetic cost of swimming has been challenging. Now, with the biologging tags made together with an instrument company, Michigan engineers are able to measure animal movement during thousands of strokes(划) as they swim.
According to Alex Shorter, U-M assistant professor of mechanical engineering, their goal is to use tag data to estimate how many fish are eaten by dolphins during a day, and connect that to estimates of how much energy dolphins use during the movement required to catch those fish. That is important for preservation because they can then use their approach to estimate energetic costs when these animals are disturbed.
In their new work, the researchers were able to develop estimates of energetic cost from tag data by working with their human and animal collaborators at Dolphin Quest Oahu. In this unique environment, the researchers were able to conduct repeatable swimming trials over a range of speeds from multiple animals to generate the data needed to estimate how much energy the animals were using as they swam. Marine animal specialists trained the dolphins to wear the tracker during lap trials and periods of free swimming.
8．What is the final goal of developing wearable sensors for marine animals
A．To record the number of them.
B．To promote the protection for them.
C．To keep track of the lifestyle of them.
D．To monitor their movement and behavior.
9．Why is it hard to measure the disturbance of dolphins
A．Because of their habitat.
B．Because of their strange behaviors.
C．Because of too many kinds of disturbances.
D．Because of too simple measuring equipment.
10．What is tag data used to do
A．Learn about the way dolphins hunt.
B．Know the number of species of dolphins.
C．Make sure what kind of fish dolphins eat.
D．Figure out dolphin's probable amount of energetic costs.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．A New Device Made by Alex Shorter
B．A Smartwatch Designed for Marine Scientists
C．New Activity Trackers for Dolphin Conservation
D．A University Working with an Instrument Company
阅读理解
If there was any doubt about whether the world has entered a new space race, the competition of lunar-bound launch this month could be the smoking gun. After NASA canceled two launch attempts in late August and early September-followed by delays(延期) caused by Hurricane Ian and Tropical Storm Nicole—the US space agency tried again to send up its first Artemis mission.
That period fits in with that of another mission less-known in the United States. A Japanese commercial company focusing on building moon landers launched on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on Dec. 11, 2022 in the US.
"We recognize that a launch of NASA's is scheduled during the same timeframe, and we believe this sends the message that a new age is opening for the cislunar economy(地月经济) with these two historic missions—one government and one commercial," the company said in a statement.
NASA happens to be one of the company's customers, hoping to receive moon dust samples from the private lander's trip. However, the plan failed on Apr. 26, 2023. If the Tokyo-based company had succeeded, it would have been the first to land a Japanese spacecraft on the moon. What's more, it could have been the first successful private delivery of cargo to the lunar surface ever.
Brad Jolliff, director of the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, believes the next five years will be full of commercial missions to perform landings, deliver more goods to the moon, and promote science experiments. In Brad's opinion, the new age of lunar exploration and travel won't be done entirely by NASA. It will be done with international partners and with commercial partners.
12．What made NASA put off its launch plan a third time
A．Natural disasters. B．A lack of preparation.
C．The high cost of technology. D．Other important experiments.
13．What do we know about the Japanese company
A．Its head office is in the US.
B．It has ever sent goods for customers in space.
C．Its launch time is roughly the same as a NASA's launch.
D．It's a company successfully delivering goods to the moon.
14．What does the underlined word "cargo" in paragraph 4 mean
A．Satellite. B．Spaceship. C．Signal. D．Goods.
15．What is Brad's attitude to private commercial missions to space
A．Hopeful. B．Opposed. C．Careless. D．Doubtful.
二、任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we know, forming a good personality is very useful for everyone. You can improve your personality with some suggestions given below.
● 　16． 　 It has been proved that intelligence can be divided into many classes. Many times school top students also lose out in their careers because adjustment with knowledge in a career field requires the specific type of ability to make wise decisions.
● Moral principle and awareness. 　17． 　 If you are aware, you will do your work with complete honesty and determination. It is clear that persons like you don't need to be watched over at work. Since you know your responsibilities, you will be successful in your field.
● Openness. If you have the ability to hug something with an open heart then undoubtedly you can learn a lot. This ability makes you win popularity with your friends because you do not hesitate to learn even from your younger ones. 　18． 　 Always remember if your personality is like that—having the ability to accept the right thing, you are successful.
● Communication. The role of conversation is important in developing personality. Your speaking ability not only makes you popular but also gives you success. So your pronunciation should be clear. Along with speaking, it is also important to have the art of listening. Be-sides, take special care of your body language too. 　19． 　
● Teamwork. Effective teamwork is the key to the strength of an organization. 　20． 　 Characteristics of an effective team include a high degree of interaction with people inside and outside the group and a healthy amount of disagreement and creativity.
A Loss.
B. Wisdom.
C. You need to improve spoken language.
D. Awareness acts as a basic condition for success.
E. Everyone wants to work with such open people.
F. Good teamwork ensures the success of the work.
G. That's because you tell a lot through your body language.
三、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had the most wonderful experience with a taxi driver yesterday and it really made my day.
Last afternoon, I was going from my home to a supermarket. I wouldn't be long there because I had 21． in walking. Using a walking stick, I stopped a taxi. The driver went out of his way to 22． me. He told me that he wanted to 23． up a few things. "I am happy to turn off the meter(计程表) and then start it again when we 24． back." In that case, it was 25． cheaper for me to book his taxi to go home than to pay two 26． booking fees. I responded, "Thanks, sir."
Then he went 27． with me and meanwhile waited for me. He had just gone through the checkout as I was lining up to 28． . When he saw me coming out, he helped me carry my things to the 29． and supported me into it. When we got back to my place, he parked his car as 30． to my door as possible to save me a bit of 31． . He even carried all of those things to the front door with a smile along the way. What a 32． and caring gentleman!
Today, I plan to write the 33． experience on my blog where I will 34． him. I truly believe he is a jewel and worthy of being thought highly of. 35． it with the whole world is really worthwhile!
21．A．fun B．comfort C．difficulty D．reflection
22．A．assist B．seek C．monitor D．reject
23．A．break B．eat C．tear D．pick
24．A．head B．give C．take D．call
25．A．impossibly B．illegally C．previously D．definitely
26．A．professional B．national C．separate D．false
27．A．drinking B．shopping C．hiking D．hunting
28．A．pay B．gather C．relax D．donate
29．A．bus B．car C．supermarket D．house
30．A．high B．fast C．close D．distant
31．A．covering B．walking C．cash D．duty
32．A．humorous B．romantic C．creative D．friendly
33．A．impressive B．comic C．upsetting D．disappointing
34．A．guide B．employ C．praise D．greet
35．A．Celebrating B．Sharing C．Defending D．Judging
四、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since ancient times, human beings have tried to explore space and find other life forms. They even tended 　36． 　(improve) the moon's environment to support life. It was the first time that they had grown plants in the lunar soil. The scientists said they had no idea whether anything 　37． 　(grow) in the moon dirt. They wanted to see if it could be used to grow food. The results surprised them.
Ferl is one of the 　38． 　(professor) in the University of Florida's institute, and he was 　39． 　(amaze) at the results. "Plants 　40． 　(actual) grow in the soil of the moon," he said. Ferl and other researchers planted thale cress(拟南芥), a small flowering plant in lunar soil. The good news was that all the seeds grew. The bad news was that after 　41． 　 first week, the lunar soil put too much pressure on the plants, 　42． 　(cause) then to grow slowly. The majority 　43． 　 the moon plants ended up stunted—meaning small or not fully developed.
The longer the soil was exposed to solar radiation and wind on the moon, the 　44． 　(bad) the plants seemed to be. The soil, 　45． 　 was collected by the Apollo 11 mission, was the least helpful for growth because it had been exposed for a couple billion years.
五、书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
46．假定你是李华，六月十八日，你校以"Father's Day"为主题举办了一场英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇报道向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间、地点和目的；
2. 比赛现场描述；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Meaningful English Speaking Contest
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a sunny morning six months ago. Henry, a teenager boy, had been walking down the sidewalk. When he made way for an old lady, he fell to the ground. His heart suddenly stopped.
However, Henry was fortunate enough to fall in front of a faith-based shelter for home less people in transitional housing (过渡房) based in Hyannis, Massachusetts. A 54-year-old resident David was working inside it when he heard someone outside screaming for help. He ran to the scene as soon as possible.
David, who had just been given CPR (心肺复苏) training with all the staff and residents of the shelter a few days previously, ran over to Henry's motionless body and started giving first aid. He had been conducting CPR for ten minutes before medical staff arrived and loaded Henry into the ambulance.
Henry was born with a kind of heart disease. The disease was deadly especially when it struck on the road. Thanks to David's immediate action. Henry was saved in time. In no time, Henry's father Sam came to the hospital and said thanks to David and the doctors over again and again. One of Henry's attending doctors said. "No one could believe it. Generally speaking, if you're not in the hospital and go into shock from a heart attack, you won't survive it. Even if you're in the hospital, the result may be the same."
A resident in the shelter said, "David is a nice, lovely and reliable man. He is very organized and always arranges things perfectly. So I know he can deal with the emergency." Of course, David could made it because he had been volunteering to serve the homeless since childhood. But something unexpected caused him to be homeless and end up in the shelter.
As a means of thanking David for helping to save his son from certain death, Sam created a page to raise money for David. "David is doing everything right to escape his homelessness, but the barrier is huge. Chances of escaping homelessness are about as slim as walking away from a heart attack," he said.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Sam had since been able to raise some money for David.
David also expressed endless gratitude to Sam and whoever had helped him.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；数字计算题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍一个中国北京至西安六日游的安排。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第三个★中的"One-stop service including tour guides, hotels, meals, transportation, attraction admissions and insurance, etc"一站式服务，包括导游、酒店、餐饮、交通、景点门票和保险等。可知，该旅游中提供一站式服务。故选C。
2．考查数字计算。根据题干中"a couple taking Luxurious Class"选豪华级的一对夫妇，可知，应对应方框中$963/$836的价格；再结合方框中"The higher prices are for high season (Apr 1-Nov 30), and the lower prices are for low season (Dec 1-Mar 31)."价格较高的是旺季（4月1日至11月30日），价格较低的是淡季（12月至3月31日）可知，8月是旺季，所以一对夫妻的费用应为963*2=1926。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据Tour Package Includes部分中的"Insurance: Travel Agencies Liability Insurance"保险：旅行社责任险，可知，该旅游套餐包括中包括旅游保险。故选B。
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．C
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了来自德克萨斯州卡利斯堡的三名高中毕业生得知他们学校的一名老门卫没有足够的钱退休，所以他们决定帮助他。同时，从这件事中也反映出了美国退休人员的财务保障问题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查段落大意。根据第二段"The three students, Greyson Thurman, Marti Yousko and Banner Tidwell, from Callisburg High School created a GoFundMe page on Feb. 15, which attracted many people after Thurman posted a video of the old man's cleaning a hallway on the Internet. The video was accompanied by music and text that included a link to the GoFundMe page they created."2月15日，来自加里斯堡高中的三名学生格雷森·瑟曼、马蒂·尤斯科和班纳·蒂德威尔在GoFundMe上创建了一个页面，在瑟曼把老人打扫走廊的视频发布到网上后，吸引了很多人。该视频配有音乐和文字，其中包括他们创建的GoFundMe页面的链接。可知，第二段的主要讲的是三个学生帮助门卫的方式。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘It's amazing,' said Jason Hooper, Callisburg High Principal. In his opinion, the need was met because of the three kind kids. All the students who joined in the activity met that need."卡利斯堡中学校长杰森·胡珀说："这太神奇了。在他看来，正是因为这三个善良的孩子，这个需求才得以满足。所有参加活动的学生都满足了这种需要。可知，杰森·胡珀认为三个孩子带来了改变令人惊讶。故选B。
6．考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"About 1.5 million retirees have had to rejoin the workforce due to the high inflation(通货膨胀), according to an analysis of the data by the US Department of Labor. About 1 in 6 retirees is considering returning to work in search of greater financial security, according to a survey published this month from Paychex."根据美国劳工部对数据的分析，由于高通货膨胀，大约有150万退休人员不得不重新加入劳动力大军。Paychex本月发布的一项调查显示，大约六分之一的退休人员正在考虑重返工作岗位，以寻求更大的财务保障。可推知，作者想通过第六段表达退休人员的生活状况。故选C。
7．考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"About 1.5 million retirees have had to rejoin the workforce due to the high inflation(通货膨胀), according to an analysis of the data by the US Department of Labor. About 1 in 6 retirees is considering returning to work in search of greater financial security, according to a survey published this month from Paychex."根据美国劳工部对数据的分析，由于高通货膨胀，大约有150万退休人员不得不重新加入劳动力大军。Paychex本月发布的一项调查显示，大约六分之一的退休人员正在考虑重返工作岗位，以寻求更大的财务保障；以及最后一段"Money got from the activity was enough to send Mr James back into retirement. He could get ready to go back to retirement and would live a comfortable life."从这项活动中得到的钱足以让詹姆斯先生重新退休。他可以准备好回到退休生活，过上舒适的生活。可知，本文讲述了来自德克萨斯州卡利斯堡的三名高中毕业生得知他们学校的一名老门卫没有足够的钱退休，所以他们决定帮助他。同时，从这件事中也反映出了美国退休人员的财务保障问题。可推断在报纸的社会板块找到这篇文章。故选A。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．D
11．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了密歇根大学的工程师与海豚探索瓦胡岛的科学家一起，领导了可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段"University of Michigan engineers, together with scientists at Dolphin Quest Oahu, have led the development of wearable sensors(传感器) for marine animals to monitor movement and behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals."密歇根大学的工程师与海豚探索瓦胡岛的科学家一起，领导了可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。可知，为海洋动物开发可穿戴传感器的最终目标是促进对它们的保护。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"These types of disturbances can interrupt important animal behavior like hunting for fish and socializing, but measuring the disturbance is difficult be-cause the animals live under water."这些类型的干扰会干扰动物的重要行为，如捕鱼和社交，但测量干扰是困难的，因为动物生活在水下。可知，很难测量对海豚的干扰是因为它们的栖息地在水下的原因。故选A。
10．考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"According to Alex Shorter, U-M assistant professor of mechanical engineering, their goal is to use tag data to estimate how many fish are eaten by dolphins during a day, and connect that to estimates of how much energy dolphins use during the movement required to catch those fish."根据密歇根大学机械工程助理教授Alex Shorter的说法，他们的目标是使用标签数据来估计海豚一天吃了多少鱼，并将其与海豚在捕获这些鱼所需的运动中消耗的能量联系起来。可知，标签数据是用来计算出海豚可能的能量消耗。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第二段"University of Michigan engineers, together with scientists at Dolphin Quest Oahu, have led the development of wearable sensors(传感器) for marine animals to monitor movement and behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals."密歇根大学的工程师与海豚探索瓦胡岛的科学家一起，领导了可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。可知，本文介绍了科学家们研究了海豚可穿戴传感器的开发，用于监测海洋动物的运动和行为，以改善对这些动物的海洋保护工作。"保护海豚的新型活动追踪器"适合做文章的标题。故选C。
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．D
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各国已经开始新的一轮太空竞赛了，美国国家航空航天局和日本航天公司开始商业登录月球计划，企图开启地月经济新时代。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"After NASA canceled two launch attempts in late August and early September-followed by delays(延期) caused by Hurricane Ian and Tropical Storm Nicole—the US space agency tried again to send up its first Artemis mission."在美国国家航空航天局取消了8月底和9月初的两次发射尝试，随后飓风伊恩和热带风暴妮可导致发射延迟后，美国航天局再次尝试发射其首次阿尔忒弥斯任务。可知，第三次延迟发射是因为自然灾害原因-飓风。故选A。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段"‘We recognize that a launch of NASA's is scheduled during the same timeframe, and we believe this sends the message that a new age is opening for the cislunar economy(地月经济) with these two historic missions—one government and one commercial,' the company said in a statement."该公司在一份声明中表示："我们认识到，美国国家航空航天局的发射计划在同一时间段内进行，我们相信这发出了一个信息，即随着这两项历史性任务——一项是政府任务，一项是商业任务——地月经济正在开启一个新时代。"可知，该公司发射计划和美国国家航空航天局的发射计划在同一时段进行的。故选C。
14．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"If the Tokyo-based company had succeeded, it would have been the first to land a Japanese spacecraft on the moon. What's more, it could have been the first successful private delivery of cargo to the lunar surface ever."如果这家总部位于东京的公司成功了，它将是第一个将日本航天器降落在月球上的公司。更重要的是，这可能是有史以来第一次成功地将 私人运送到月球表面；以及最后一段中的"...deliver more goods to the moon, and promote science experiments."向月球运送更多的货物，并促进科学实验。可知，这里应指把私人的"货物"运输到月球表面，所以划线词 cargo 的意思是"货物"。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Brad Jolliff, director of the McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, believes the next five years will be full of commercial missions to perform landings, deliver more goods to the moon, and promote science experiments."圣路易斯华盛顿大学麦克唐奈空间科学中心主任Brad Jolliff认为，未来五年将充满着陆、向月球运送更多货物和促进科学实验的商业任务。可知，Brad对私人太空商业任务是看好并认为这是充满希望的。故选A。
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．E；19．G；20．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就怎样改善读者的个性而提供了几个建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后"It has been proved that intelligence can be divided into many classes. Many times school top students also lose out in their careers because adjustment with knowledge in a career field requires the specific type of ability to make wise decisions."事实证明，智力可以分为许多类。很多时候，学校的顶尖学生也会在职业生涯中失利，因为适应职业领域的知识需要特定类型的能力来做出明智的决定。可知，这段主要讲智力对我们的影响， B. Wisdom. "智慧"符合语境，对下文有总结作用，且也与下文intelligence和wise decisions对应。故选B。
17．根据空前"Moral principle and awareness."道德原则和意识；以及空后"If you are aware, you will do your work with complete honesty and determination."如果你意识到了，你将以完全的诚实和决心完成你的工作。可知，此空处应讲意识的作用， D. Awareness acts as a basic condition for success. "意识是成功的基本条件"承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空前"Openness. If you have the ability to hug something with an open heart, then undoubtedly you can learn a lot. This ability makes you win popularity with your friends because you do not hesitate to learn even from your younger ones."开放。如果你有能力用一颗开放的心拥抱一些东西，那么毫无疑问你可以学到很多。这种能力会让你赢得朋友的欢迎，因为你会毫不犹豫地向年轻人学习。可知，作者这里建议我们拥有一颗开放的心， E. Everyone wants to work with such open people. "每个人都想和这样开放的人一起工作"符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前"Communication. The role of conversation is important in developing personality. Your speaking ability not only makes you popular but also gives you success. So your pronunciation should be clear. Along with speaking, it is also important to have the art of listening. Besides, take special care of your body language too. "交流。谈话在培养个性方面起着重要作用。你的说话能力不仅使你受欢迎，而且使你成功。所以你的发音应该清晰。除了说话，拥有倾听的艺术也很重要。此外，也要特别注意你的肢体语言。可知，本段主要讲谈吐言语在培养个性方面的作用以及建议我们要注意肢体语言。 G. That's because you tell a lot through your body language. "那是因为你通过肢体语言表达了很多"符合语境，故选G。
20．根据空前"Teamwork. Effective teamwork is the key to the strength of an organization."团队合作。有效的团队合作是一个组织力量的关键。可知，这里主要讲团队合作的好处。 F. Good teamwork ensures the success of the work. "良好的团队合作确保工作的成功"符合语境，其中Good teamwork 与上文 Effective teamwork对应。故选F。
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．D；26．C；27．B；28．A；29．B；30．C；31．B；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者昨天和一位出租车司机经历的充满爱心的助人为乐的故事，这让作者感到很开心。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我不会在那里待太久，因为我走路有困难。A. fun"乐趣"；B. comfort"安慰"；C. difficulty"困难"；D. reflection"反射"。根据下文"Using a walking stick, I stopped a taxi."可知，此处为我不会在那里待太久，因为我走路有困难。故选C。
22．句意：司机特意来帮助我。A. assist"帮助"； B. seek"寻找"；C. monitor"监控"；D. reject"拒绝"。根据上文提到的我走路有困难。以及"Using a walking stick, I stopped a taxi."可知，此处为司机特意来帮助我。故选A。
23．句意：他告诉我他想买点东西。A. break"打破"；B. eat"吃"；C. tear"撕毁"；D. pick"拿起，买"。根据下文"He had just gone through the checkout as I was lining up to 8 ."可知，此处为他告诉我他想买点东西。故选D。
24．句意：我很乐意关掉计程表，然后在我们返回时重新开始。A. head"前往"；B. give"给"；C. take"带走"；D. call"打电话"。根据空前"and then start it again"可推知，此处为我很乐意关掉计程表，然后在我们返回时重新开始。故选A。
25．句意：在这种情况下，对我来说，预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。A. impossibly"不可能地"；B. illegally"违法地"；C. previously"先前地"；D. definitely"明确地"。根据空后"cheaper for me to book his taxi to go home than to pay two 6 booking fees."可推知，此处为在这种情况下，对我来说，预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。故选D。
26．句意：在这种情况下，对我来说，预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。A. professional"专业的"；B. national"国家的"；C. separate"分开的"；D. false"错误的"。根据空前"cheaper for me to book his taxi to go home than…"可知，此处为预订他的出租车回家肯定比支付两笔单独的预订费用要便宜。故选C。
27．句意：然后他和我一起去购物，同时等着我。A. drinking"喝"；B. shopping"购物"；C. hiking"徒步旅行"；D. hunting"捕猎"。根据上文提到的他告诉我他想买点东西。以及下文"He had just gone through the checkout as I was lining up to 8 ."可知，此处为然后他和我一起去购物，同时等着我。故选B。
28．句意：当我排队结账时，他刚刚通过收银台。A. pay"支付"；B. gather"聚集"；C. relax"放松"；D. donate"捐赠"。根据空前"gone through the checkout"可推知，此处为当我排队结账时，他刚刚通过收银台。故选A。
29．句意：当他看到我出来时，他帮我把东西搬到车里，扶着我上了车。A. bus"公交车"；B. car"小汽车"；C. supermarket"超市"；D. house"房子"。根据上文提到的我很乐意关掉计程表，然后在我们返回时重新开始。可知，此处为当他看到我出来时，他帮我把东西搬到车里，扶着我上了车。故选B。
30．句意：当我们回到我家的时候，他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。A. high"高的"；B. fast"快速的"；C. close"近的"；D. distant"遥远的"。根据空后"to my door as possible to save me a bit of 11 "可推知，此处为他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。故选C。
31．句意：当我们回到我家的时候，他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。A. covering"遮盖物"；B. walking"步行"；C. cash"现金"；D. duty"职责"。根据上文"he parked his car as close to my door"可知，此处为他把车停在离我的门尽可能近的地方，这样我就不用走路了。故选B。
32．句意：多么友好和体贴的绅士啊！A. humorous"幽默的"；B. romantic"浪漫的"；C. creative"有创造力的"；D. friendly"友好的"。根据句意以及空后"and caring gentleman"可知，此处为多么友好和体贴的绅士啊！故选D。
33．句意：今天，我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上，在那里我将表扬他。A. impressive"印象深刻的"；B. comic"滑稽的"；C. upsetting"令人心烦意乱的"；D. disappointing"令人失望的"。根据句意以及空后"experience on my blog"可推知，此处为我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上。故选A。
34．句意：今天，我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上，在那里我将表扬他。A. guide"指导"；B. employ"雇佣"；C. praise"表扬"；D. greet"问候"。根据下文"I truly believe he is a jewel and worthy of being thought highly of."可知，此处为我打算把这段难忘的经历写在我的博客上，在那里我将表扬他。故选C。
35．句意：与全世界分享它真的很值得！A. Celebrating"庆祝"；B. Sharing"分享"；C. Defending"防护"；D. Judging"判断"。根据空后"with the whole world is really worthwhile!"可知，此处为与全世界分享它真的很值得！故选B。
【答案】36．to improve；37．would grow；38．professors；39．amazed；40．actually；41．the；42．causing；43．of；44．worse；45．which
【知识点】说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍关于在月球上种植植物的研究。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，名词，形容词，副词，冠词，介词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：他们甚至倾向于改善月球的环境以支持生命。tend to do sth.固定短语，"倾向于……"。故填to improve。
37．句意：科学家们说，他们不知道月球上的泥土中是否会有生物生长。此处是同位语从句的谓语动词，此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时，故填would grow。
38．句意：Ferl是佛罗里达大学研究所的教授之一，他对结果感到惊讶。此处为one of+可数名词复数。故填professors。
39．句意：Ferl是佛罗里达大学研究所的教授之一，他对结果感到惊讶。作表语，修饰人应用形容词amazed，be amazed at固定短语，"对……感到惊讶"，故填amazed。
40．句意："植物实际上生长在月球的土壤中，"他说。修饰动词grow应用副词，作状语。故填actually。
41．句意：坏消息是，在第一周之后，月球土壤给植物施加了太大的压力，导致它们生长缓慢。序数词first前用定冠词the，表示"第一"。故填the。
42．句意：坏消息是，在第一周之后，月球土壤给植物施加了太大的压力，导致它们生长缓慢。此处cause与上文句子构成主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。
43．句意：大多数月球上的植物最终都发育不良，意思是很小或发育不完全。the majority of固定短语，"大多数"。故填of。
44．句意：土壤在月球上暴露在太阳辐射和风中的时间越长，植物的状况似乎就越差。此处为 "the+比较级，the+比较级"句型，应用比较级。故填worse。
45．句意：这些土壤是由阿波罗11号任务收集的，对生长最没有帮助，因为它已经暴露在外面几十亿年了。 was collected by the Apollo 11 mission 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词soil，在从句中作主语，先行词指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
46．【答案】A Meaningful English Speaking Contest
On the afternoon of June 18th, our school held an English speaking contest on the theme of "Father's Day" on the playground, which was aimed to create a strong campus gratitude atmosphere.
The contest was intense. All the competitors were well prepared. For one thing, they spoke about their fathers' dedication to their families. For another thing, they expressed their respect and love for their fathers. These speeches were so wonderful that all the audience rose to their feet to applaud. The final three winners were awarded books about fathers.
In my view, the contest is meaningful. It lets us realize gratitude is not only a virtue, but also a responsibility. As teenagers, we should be grateful to our families.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇报道向校英文报投稿。写作背景：六月十八日，你校以"Father's Day"为主题举办了一场英语演讲比赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 比赛时间、地点和目的；2. 比赛现场描述；3. 你的感受。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：On the afternoon of June 18th, our school held an English speaking contest on the theme of "Father's Day" on the playground, which was aimed to create a strong campus gratitude atmosphere.运用了非限制性定语从句，被动语态；These speeches were so wonderful that all the audience rose to their feet to applaud. 运用了结果状语从句。
47．【答案】 Sam had since been able to raise some money for David. Part of the money was spent on rent for David's apartment. The rest was spent on a car for David to go to work. Obviously, what Sam did helped David get out of transitional housing. Since Sam started his effort, David finally pulled himself together and stood on his own two feet. "David is well worth this investment because he is such a kind man and always works at his best with great pride," Sam said in an interview.
David also expressed endless gratitude to Sam and whoever had helped him. David was in awe of generosity of Sam's family, friends and total strangers who had banded together to help him rise out of homelessness. He thought he couldn't thank them enough. In return for their help, David began to try to help the other residents in the shelter. He said with a smile, "I didn't want anything in return, and what I did was just out of conscience. Now, I have a little friend, Henry, who likes to do voluntary work in the shelter whenever he has time."
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了当时患有心脏病的少年亨利在马萨诸塞州的一个避难所前倒下了。大卫是收容所的一名居民，他刚刚接受过心肺复苏术的培训，他给亨利实施心肺复苏直到医务人员到达。出于感激，亨利的父亲山姆为大卫建立了一个筹款页面，帮助他支付了公寓的租金和工作所需的汽车，从而摆脱了无家可归的困境。作为感谢，大卫自愿帮助收容所的其他居民。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"山姆后来为大卫筹到了一些钱。"可知，第一段可描写山姆帮助大卫摆脱贫困，大卫振作起来，不断改变，以最好的状态工作。②由第二段首句内容"大卫也对山姆和所有帮助过他的人表达了无尽的感激。"可知，大卫表达感激之情，同时描写大卫回报山姆的帮助，去帮助他人。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Part of the money was spent on rent for David's apartment. 运用了被动语态； Obviously, what Sam did helped David get out of transitional housing. 运用了主语从句；Since Sam started his effort, David finally pulled himself together and stood on his own two feet.运用了原因状语从句； David is well worth this investment because he is such a kind man and always works at his best with great pride运用了原因状语从句；David was in awe of generosity of Sam's family, friends and total strangers who had banded together to help him rise out of homelessness. 运用了限制性定语从句；He thought he couldn't thank them enough.运用了宾语从句； I didn't want anything in return, and what I did was just out of conscience. 运用了并列句，主语从句；Now, I have a little friend, Henry, who likes to do voluntary work in the shelter whenever he has time.运用了同位语，非限制性定语从句，时间状语从句。
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