Unit 6 At one with nature understanding ideas 测试题（含答案与解析）新外研版必修一

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
book 1 unit 6 understanding ideas 测试题
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．—It is said that a new product ________(design) now.
—Yes. It ________(finish) next year.
2．Smoking ________ (harmful) our health.
3．Christmas presents are ________(wrap) by my parents.
4．Playing computer games will not only do____________to your physical health,but it is also__________to your mental health. So there is no__________in advising you to give it up. (harm)
5．Pick up one of our free information _______(sheet) at reception.
6．Art education is a must for a person who wants to be a fashion ____(design).
7．It provides awards__________ running new businesses.
8．______________(attract) by the Grand Canyon in this region, the professor observed the waterfall in the valley.
9．He may say no, but there’s no harm in ______________ (ask).
10．As many as five courses ______________ (provide), and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.
二、阅读理解
A
Spring lifts our spirits and makes us full of energy. It’s a time for Nature to bring us back to life after a cold season. I live not far from a park, which is one of the largest gardens in Japan, and famous for its near 10,000 plum trees(李子树). I am fortunate to have them all outside my backyard, and take advantage of the walking paths daily.
I see the same trees and swans(天鹅) every day, but that day was different. At the edge of the small lake, I saw some new-born black swans. They were pretty and cute. They stayed with their mom. While taking a few photos of the sunset, I was interrupted(打断)by a high sound going on for some time.Therefore, I turned around and saw one little swan was stuck by two stones. Its mother was trying to make it out but failed. I tried to get near but the mother was ever so angry! She wouldn’t allow me to get close, so I turned to an old man sitting on the bench and said, “Excuse me; the baby swan can’t move and I want to help it, but the mother is extremely angry! Could you please do me a favor ”
After hearing my words, the man smiled at me first and then agreed to help me. He drove the mother away with great efforts, and for several times, he was almost hurt by the mother. Thanks to him, I was able to get there and pull the little swan out of the gap finally. Oh, I really hoped it wasn’t injured, but at least it was alive and swimming!
In spring, I become more physically active. Things around don’t make us, but nature does, and it keeps us going. I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods. Somewhere we will be reminded why natural life is so important—because we grow with it! Personally, I am happy that baby birds can put a smile on my face! I struggle for having a small number of “things” in life, and being filled with simple reality—at one with Nature.
11．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1
A．Her favorite season is spring.
B．She enjoys doing outdoor sports.
C．Her backyard is filled with plum trees.
D．She is satisfied with her living environment.
12．Why was that day special for the author
A．She took a few photos of the sunset.
B．She made a little swan’s mother angry.
C．She met some swans and helped one of them.
D．She met an old man and made friends with him.
13．What kind of person is probably the old man
A．Well-known. B．Warm-hearted.
C．Selfish. D．Outgoing.
14．What makes us more physically active according to the author
A．Nature. B．Kindness.
C．The garden. D．The things around.
B
When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants send through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way of crying out. But is anyone listening Obviously. Because we can watch the neighbors react.
Some plants give out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They give out smells designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was launching now becomes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk-to-each-other Scientists don't know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so in effect,was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to "overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged,but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whole lot going on.
15．What does a plant do when it is under attack
A．It makes noises. B．It stands quietly.
C．It gets help from other plants. D．It sends out certain chemicals.
16．What will happen when the attackers' natural enemies arrive
A．The attackers will get attacked
B．The insects will gather under the table.
C．The plants will get ready to fight back.
D．The attackers will give out smelly chemicals.
17．Scientists find from their studies that plants can_______
A．talk to one another on purpose
B．warn people of a coming danger
C．protect themselves against insects
D．help their neighbors who are under attack
18．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The world is changing faster than ever.
B．People have stronger senses than before.
C．We don't fully understand the world.
D．People in Darwin's time were more imaginative
三、七选五
Sichuan cuisine is one of the eight major cuisines of China. The cuisine features a wide range of materials, different cooking techniques and numerous tastes. With a rich variety of strong flavors, Sichuan food is famous for its countless dishes with peppery, chili flavors, and best known for being spicy-hot. 19 , then you are probably not eating the real Sichuan cuisine. Chili peppers and prickly ash (花椒) are used in many dishes, giving it a typically spicy taste. 20 . Thanks to the development of global trade, chili peppers were spread to Sichuan by Americans in the 18th century, which greatly influenced the flavor of Sichuan dishes.
21 , Hunan cuisine is famous for its spicy. People may be confused that what the difference is between Hunan cuisine and Sichuan cuisine, for the characteristics of them are hot and spicy. Hunan cuisine mainly originates from Dongting Lake area and western Hunan mountain area. Water food and poultry are main cooking materials of Dongting Lake area cuisine, which taste salty and spicy. However, many kinds of meat are the main cooking materials of western Hunan mountain area cuisine. 22 .
The cooking skills employed in the Hunan cuisine reached a high standard as early as the Western Han Dynasty, giving it a history of more than 2,100 years. Hunan is located in southeastern China along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It contains rivers, lakes, mountains, rolling hills, plains, and pools. 23 .
A．If you find Sichuan dishes too mild
B．If you are not fond of Sichuan dishes
C．The tastes are salted fresh spicy and sour
D．As one of the eight major cuisines of China
E．It often leaves a slight numb (麻木的) feeling in the mouth
F．Many people want to know the differences between Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine
G．Making full use of these rich resources, local people created a wide variety of dishes
四、完形填空
Last month, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released a report that a hotter future is unavoidable. The scientists predict killer heatwaves, a(n) 24 of water and food, and millions of people suffering and dying. In 2040 when my son will be college-aged, he will likely be more 25 with air quality and escaping the heat than with his academic achievements. By the time he has 26 of his own, reliable access to food and water may be more 27 than a diploma (文凭).
That night, I asked my husband: What if we stopped putting money in our son’s college fund and started using that money to 28 him from climate change
29 played a big role in both my and my husband’s college decisions — I did my first two years at community college to 30 money, and my husband’s college fund got spent on keeping the family business running. The idea felt 31 that we would be removing those 32 for our own kids with the money we were putting aside, something we had started doing while I was still pregnant.
After much discussion, we agreed that saving money for his college education when we are facing a climate emergency just doesn’t 33 . Instead, we are planning on using the money to invest (投资) in a 34 life style now by buying electric cars, installing solar panels and starting a backyard vegetable garden.
Another mom 35 me of “stealing” my child’s future by planning to spend this money now 36 saving it for higher education. But my husband and I are living 37 that you don’t need a six-figure college fund to do well in life. If my son wants to go to college, he’ll figure out a way. Or he’ll be like nearly 80% of the other students and 38 student loan debt.
24．A．flood B．shortage C．abundance D．amount
25．A．bored B．familiar C．concerned D．content
26．A．kids B．life C．business D．property
27．A．impressive B．convenient C．creative D．acceptable
28．A．free B．separate C．release D．protect
29．A．Education B．Experiences C．Finances D．Family
30．A．raise B．earn C．save D．pay
31．A．practical B．original C．fashionable D．amazing
32．A．limitations B．objections C．doubts D．risks
33．A．take effect B．make sense C．bear fruit D．come true
34．A．care-free B．value-free C．stress-free D．carbon-free
35．A．accused B．reminded C．suspected D．convinced
36．A．as well as B．instead of C．prior to D．in favor of
37．A．cases B．lessons C．experience D．proof
38．A．take on B．build on C．try on D．live on
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Dujiangyan is the oldest man made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese science. 39 (build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering 40 (achieve) is still used today.
In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands 41 (suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. 42 (help) the victims (受害者) of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels (水渠) built at different levels along mountains that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. 43 (good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 44 suitable for farming.
Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and the people were able to live 45 (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists around the world because unlike modern dams 46 the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, 47 (enable) ecosystem (生态系统) and fish populations to exist 48 harmony.
六.通知
49．假定你是李华，在海南旅游，收到朋友Sam的来信，询问你的旅游行程。请用明信片的方式给他回信介绍情况。
注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1． is being designed will be finished
【详解】考查动词时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：——据说现在正在设计一种新产品。——对，它将于明年完成。空格1在宾语从句中作谓语，根据时间状语now可知，应用现在进行时，主语a new product为名词的单数谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，且和动词design构成被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，应填is being designed；空格2作谓语，根据时间状语next year可知，应用一般将来时，主语it和动词finish之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，应填will be finished。故空格1填is being designed；空格2填will be finished。
2．harms
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：吸烟危害我们的健康。空格处用动词作谓语，harmful的动词是harm，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，动名词Smoking作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，故填harms。
3．being wrapped
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我父母正在包装圣诞礼物。结合are和句意，主语Christmas presents和谓语动词wrap是被动关系，现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时的被动语态（are being done）。故填being wrapped。
4． harm harmful harm
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：玩电脑游戏不仅有害你的身体健康，而且也有害你的心理健康。所以建议你戒掉也无妨。do harm to是固定短语，意为“对……有害”，因此第一空是harm；第二空处用形容词作表语，根据语境可知，句子表示“玩电脑游戏不仅有害你的身体健康，而且也有害你的心理健康”，空格处意为“有害的”，形容词是harmful，there is no harm in doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事没有坏处”，因此第三空是harm，故填harm，harmful，harm。
5．sheets
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在前台领取我们的免费信息表。被one of修饰，可数名词sheet“一页纸”应用复数形式。故填sheets。
6．designer
【详解】考查名词。句意：对于一个想成为时尚设计师的人来说，艺术教育是必须的。根据“who wants to be a fashion”可知，空处需要填单数名词，designer是名词，表示“设计师”符合句意。故填designer。
7．for
【详解】考查介词。句意：它为经营新企业提供奖励。短语provide sth. for .意为“为......提供某物”。 此处填介词for。故填for。
8．Attracted
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：被这个地区的大峡谷所吸引，教授观察了山谷中的瀑布。分析句子可知，observe是句子的谓语，此处需用非谓语形式，动词attract与主语the professor之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作状语。故填Attracted。
9．asking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他可能会拒绝，但问一问也无妨。分析句子结构可知，设空处应填动名词asking，充当in的宾语。故填asking。
10．are provided
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：提供多达五门课程，您可以自由选择最适合自己的课程。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“provide”意为“提供”，动词词性，“courses”和“provide”为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，“courses”和“are”连用，“provide”的过去分词为“provided”，故空格处应填“are provided”。故填are provided。
11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在公园散步时与公园的一位老人拯救了一只受伤的小天鹅的故事。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I live not far from a park, which is one of the largest gardens in Japan, and famous for its near 10,000 plum trees(李子树). I am fortunate to have them all outside my backyard, and take advantage of the walking paths daily.(我住的地方离一个公园不远，那是日本最大的花园之一，以近万棵李树而闻名。我很幸运，它们都在我的后院外，每天都在散步。)”可知，作者住的地方离一个公园不远，觉得很幸运，它们都在作者家后院外面，每天都能去小路上散步，由此判断出，作者对自己的生活环境很满意。故选D项。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I see the same trees and swans(天鹅) every day, but that day was different. At the edge of the small lake, I saw some new-born black swans. They were pretty and cute. (我每天都看到同样的树和天鹅，但那天不同。在小湖边，我看到了一些新出生的黑天鹅。它们又漂亮又可爱。)”及第三段中“Thanks to him, I was able to get there and pull the little swan out of the gap finally. Oh, I really hoped it wasn’t injured, but at least it was alive and swimming! (多亏了他，我才能到达那里，最终把小天鹅从夹缝里拉出来。哦，我真希望它没有受伤，但至少它还活着，还在游泳！) ”可知，那天对作者来说是特别的一天是因为她遇到了一些天鹅，并帮助了其中一只。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“After hearing my words, the man smiled at me first and then agreed to help me. He drove the mother away with great efforts, and for several times, he was almost hurt by the mother. (听了我的话，那个人先对我笑了笑，然后同意帮助我。他费了好大的劲儿才把天鹅妈妈赶走，有好几次差点被天鹅妈妈伤到。) ”可判断出，老人很热心。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In spring, I become more physically active. Things around don’t make us, but nature does, and it keeps us going. I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods. (在春天，我变得更加活跃。周围的事物不能使我们活跃，但大自然能，它让我们继续前进。我确信在我们所有人的社区里，都存在着大自然的一小部分。)”可知，根据作者的说法，是大自然让我们身体更活跃。故选A项。
15．D 16．A 17．C 18．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，当多叶植物受到攻击时，它们不会坐以待毙，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。
15．细节理解题。根据第一段中“reported that young maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. (据报道，幼小的枫树被昆虫咬伤后会散发出邻近植物能够闻到的特殊气味。这些化学物质来自工厂受损的部分，似乎是一种警报)”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was launching now becomes lunch. (一旦它们到达，局面就会逆转，攻击者现在变成了午餐)”可知，当攻击者的天敌到来时，攻击者则会成为天敌的午餐，即就会成为被攻击的对象。故选A。
17．细节理解题，根据倒数第三段“In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. (在一个又一个的研究中，似乎这些化学对话帮助了邻居们。第一个植物的损失通常更严重，但相对而言，邻居们更安全，因为他们听到了警报，知道该怎么做)”可知，植物在必要的时候会通过分泌化学物质，通知周围的植物保持警惕，即植物会保护自己而免遭昆虫的侵扰。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.(想象一个比我们看到和听到的世界更繁忙，更嘈杂，更亲密的世界。我们的感官很脆弱。有很多事在发生)”可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想象的要复杂。故选C。
19．A 20．E 21．D 22．C 23．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国八大菜系中的川菜和湘菜。
19．上文“With a rich variety of strong flavors, Sichuan food is famous for its countless dishes with peppery, chili flavors, and best known for being spicy-hot.”（川菜口味丰富，以其数不清的辣味菜肴而闻名，最出名的是辣。）提到川菜最出名的是辣。下文“then you are probably not eating the real Sichuan cuisine.”（那么你吃的可能不是真正的川菜。）故可推断空格处内容为如果你不觉得四川菜辣的相关内容。结合选项A项If you find Sichuan dishes too mild（如果你觉得四川菜太清淡）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
20．根据上文“Chili peppers and prickly ash are used in many dishes, giving it a typically spicy taste.”（辣椒和花椒被用在许多菜肴中，使它有一种典型的辣味。）讲的是辣椒和花椒的辣味。结合选项E项It often leaves a slight numb feeling in the mouth.（它通常会在口腔中留下轻微的麻木感。）与上文内容意思一致，其中该句中的it指的就是上文中的Chili peppers and prickly ash。空格处内容是上文的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
21．根据下文“Hunan cuisine is famous for its spicy.”（湘菜以辣著称。）可知，这段主要讲的是湘菜。可推知，上文也是对湘菜内容的介绍。结合选项D项As one of the eight major cuisines of China（作为中国八大菜系之一）可知，为对湘菜内容的介绍。上下文意思一致。故选D项。
22．根据上文“Water food and poultry are main cooking materials of Dongting Lake area cuisine, which taste salty and spicy.”（洞庭湖区菜肴以水鲜和家禽为主，口味咸辣。）可知，讲的是洞庭湖区菜肴的食材和口味。以及However连接的“many kinds of meat are the main cooking materials of western Hunan mountain area cuisine.”（湘西山区菜肴的主要烹饪材料是多种肉类）可推知，空格处内容为湘西山区菜肴的口味，与此上文形成呼应。结合选项C项The tastes are salted fresh spicy and sour.（口味有咸、鲜、辣、酸）符合此推断，与上文内容形成呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
23．由该空格处位于段落句尾可知，为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“Hunan is located in southeastern China along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It contains rivers, lakes, mountains, rolling hills, plains, and pools.”（湖南位于中国东南部，长江中游一带。它包括河流、湖泊、山脉、起伏的丘陵、平原和水池。）可知，主要讲的是湖南的地理位置以及多元化的地理条件。结合选项G项Making full use of these rich resources, local people created a wide variety of dishes.（当地人民充分利用这些丰富的资源，创造了各式各样的菜肴。）可知，为上文内容意思相关，该句中的these rich resources指的是上文中的各种地形条件，该空处为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者担心儿子将来的生活会受到气候变化的影响，决定把给儿子存的大学基金用于践行“无碳生活”，让儿子的将来免受气候变化的影响。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们预测了致命的热浪，水和食物的短缺以及数百万人的痛苦和死亡。A. flood洪水；B. shortage短缺；C. abundance丰富；D. amount数量。根据句中“millions of people suffering and dying”可推知，气候变化造成的是灾难性后果，水和食物的短缺，符合语境。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到2040年，当我儿子上大学的时候，他可能会更关心空气质量和避暑，而不是学习成绩。A. bored厌烦的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. concerned关心的；D. content满意的。根据上文“a hotter future is unavoidable”和句中“air quality and escaping the heat”可推知，儿子上大学时环境问题更严重，所以他更关心的是环境问题。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他有了自己的生活时，可靠的食物和水的供应可能比一张文凭更令人印象深刻。A. kids孩子；B. life生活；C. business商业；D. property财产。根据句中“By the time he has...”可知，句中说的是将来的事情，指儿子有了自己的生活。故选B项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他有了自己的生活时，可靠的食物和水的供应可能比一张文凭更令人印象深刻。A. impressive令人印象深刻的，令人瞩目的；B. convenient方便的；C. creative创造性的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文可知，作者认为更热的未来是不可避免的，儿子长大后环境问题会更严重，所以她认为在将来“可靠的食物和水的供应”比文凭更重要，更令人瞩目。故选A项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不再为儿子的大学基金存钱，而是开始用这笔钱保护他免受气候变化的影响呢 。A. free使免于；B. separate分开；C. release释放；D. protect保护。根据上文可知，作者认为儿子长大后环境问题会更严重，所以想要保护他，让他免受气候变化的影响；protect...from...“保护……不受……伤害”。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济状况在我和我丈夫的大学选择中都起了很大的作用——我在社区大学读了前两年是为了省钱，而我丈夫的大学基金则花在了维持家族企业的运转上。A. Education教育；B. Experiences经验；C. Finances财务，经济情况；D. Family家庭。根据下文“I did my first two years at community college to 7 money, and my husband’s college fund got spent on keeping the family business running.”可知，作者讲述的是经济状况对大学的影响。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经济状况在我和我丈夫的大学选择中都起了很大的作用——我在社区大学读了前两年是为了省钱，而我丈夫的大学基金则花在了维持家族企业的运转上。A. raise筹集；B. earn赚取；C. save节省；D. pay付出。结合常识可知，“community college”的学费更便宜。故选C项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个想法感觉很实际，我们可以用我们存起来的钱为我们自己的孩子消除这些风险，这些钱是我还在怀孕的时候就开始存的。A. practical实际的，切实可行的；B. original原始的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. amazing惊人的。根据下文“using the money to invest (投资) in a 　　11　　life style now by buying electric cars, installing solar panels and starting a backyard vegetable garden”可知，作者真的把儿子的大学基金用来帮助儿子未来不受气候变化的影响，把想法付诸实践，所以这个想法是实际的。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个想法感觉很实际，我们可以用我们存起来的钱为我们自己的孩子消除这些风险，这些钱是我还在怀孕的时候就开始存的。A. limitations限制；B. objections反对意见；C. doubts怀疑；D. risks风险。根据上文可知，作者认为儿子长大后环境问题会更严重，所以想要保护他，要帮助他消除未来的风险。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过多次讨论，我们一致认为，当我们面临气候紧急情况时，为他的大学教育存钱是没有意义的。A. take effect生效；B. make sense有意义；C. bear fruit结出果实；D. come true成真。根据上文“reliable access to food and water may be more 4 than a diploma (文凭)”和句中“when we are facing a climate emergency”可知，作者认为在面临气候紧急情况时，可靠的食物和水的供应可能比一张文凭重要，为大学教育存钱是没有意义的。故选B项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们现在正计划用这笔钱投资于一种无碳的生活方式，购买电动汽车，安装太阳能电池板，并开始在后院种植蔬菜。A. care-free无忧无虑的；B. value-free无价值的；C. stress-free无压力的；D. carbon-free无碳的。根据句中“buying electric cars, installing solar panels and starting a backyard vegetable garden”可知，作者购买了电动汽车，安装了太阳能电池板，并开始在后院种植蔬菜，这些都是一种无碳的生活方式。故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一位母亲指责我“偷走”了孩子的未来，因为我打算把这些钱花在现在，而不是存起来供孩子接受高等教育。A. accused指责；B. reminded提醒；C. suspected怀疑；D. convinced确信。根据句中“‘stealing’ my child’s future”可知，作者受到另位个母亲的指责。故选A项。
36．考查固定短语辨析。句意：另一位母亲指责我“偷走”了孩子的未来，因为我打算把这些钱花在现在，而不是存起来供孩子接受高等教育。A. as well as也；B. instead of而不是；C. prior to在……之前 ；D. in favor of赞成。根据上文可知，作者把儿子的大学基金用于“无碳的生活”，所以这位母亲指责她把钱花在现在，而不是存起来供孩子未来接受高等教育。故选B项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我丈夫和我就是活生生的例子，证明你不需要六位数的大学学费就能过上好日子。A. cases情况 ；B. lessons教训 ；C. experience经验 ；D. proof证明，证据。根据上文“I did my first two years at community college to 7 money, and my husband’s college fund got spent on keeping the family business running.”可知，作者与丈夫读大学时也面临了财务问题，但这并未影响他们现在的生活，所以作者觉得自己和丈夫是活生生的证据，证明上大学并不一定需要一大笔大学基金。故选D项。
38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：或者他也会像其他80%的学生一样，承担学生贷款债务。A. take on承担 ；B. build on建立在……之上 ；C. try on试穿 ；D. live on靠……生活。根据“loan debt”可知，作者觉得儿子可以与其它大多数学生一样，承担学生贷款去付学费。故选A项。
39．Built 40．achievement 41．suffered 42．To help 43．Better 44．it 45．peacefully 46．where 47．enabling 48．in
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的历史及其所起的作用。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：建于2200多年前的中国西南部四川省，这一惊人的工程成就至今仍在使用。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，动词 build 与其逻辑主语是动宾关系，故空处要用过去分词。置于句首，首字母应大写。故填 Built。
40．考查名词。句意：同上。空处被 amazing engineering 修饰，且在句中作主语，所以要用 achieve 的名词形式。故填achievement。
41．考查时态。句意：在古代，都江堰所在的地区经常遭受岷江泛滥造成的洪水。空处在句中作谓语，根据本句的时间状语 In ancient times 可知，要用一般过去时，故填 suffered。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助洪灾中的灾民，省长李冰和他的儿子决定找到解决办法。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处在句中作目的状语，故填 To help。
43．考查固定搭配。句意：更好的是，多余的水可以被引导到干燥的成都平原，使其适合耕种。根据语境可知，本句和上文是递进关系。better still 为固定搭配，意为“更好的是”，故填Better。
44．考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子可知。空处替代前面提到的 Chengdu Plain。故用代词 it。故填it。
45．考查副词。句意：一旦该系统完成，就不再发生洪水，人们能够平静地生活。空处在句中修饰动词 live ，故用 peace 的副词形式。故填 peacefully 。
46．考查定语从句。句意：如今，都江堰受到了世界各地科学家的钦佩，因为与现代大坝不同的是，都江堰仍然让水自然流过岷江，使生态系统和鱼类种群和谐共存。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 modern dams。关系词在句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词 where。故填where。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语形式。 enable 与句子的主语 Dujiangyan 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式，在这里表示自然而然的结果。故填enabling。
48．考查介词。句意：同上。 in harmony 为固定搭配，意为“和谐地”。 故填 in。
49．Hi, Sam.
I have been on a trip for less than seven days in Hainan with my family. At the moment, I’m staying at Sanya which lies in the south of China. We went there by plane. After we got off the plane, we couldn’t wait to enjoy the beautiful scenery. The weather is a little hot but the sky is extremely clear. You can see crowds of visitors — the young, the old...on the island.
Some are surfing and others diving in the deeper part of the sea. We are excited to see some special trees and plants along the road. When having lunch at a seafood restaurant near the beach, I made a new friend with a young man from Africa who is attracted to Chinese culture and has travelled several places of interest.
It is definitely an exciting trip. If I have a chance, I will be more than happy to visit the place again.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，在海南旅游，收到朋友Sam的来信，询问你的旅游行程，请用明信片的方式给他回信介绍情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
欣赏：enjoy→appreciate
非常：extremely→very
激动的：excited→athrill
机会：chance=opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are excited to see some special trees and plants along the road.
拓展句：We are excited to see some special trees and plants, which are along the road.
【点睛】[高分句型1] At the moment, I’m staying at Sanya which lies in the south of China.(运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If I have a chance, I will be more than happy to visit the place again.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共7页