Unit2 topic3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu? 单元知识梳理+话题过关检测（带答案详解）

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Unit2 topic3 单元知识梳理+话题过关检测（带答案详解）
Unit2 topic3 单元知识梳理
重点短语
1. 和某人交谈 talk to sb.=talk with sb.
2. 请吧，说吧，做吧 go ahead
3. 近几天 these days
4. 阻止某人做某事 prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing
5. 强身健体 build sb. up
6. 使我们的房间保持干净 keep our rooms clean
7. 一直，总是 all the time
8. 远离 keep away from
9. 拥挤的地方，人口密集处 crowded places
10. 立刻、马上 at once=right now=right away
11. 采纳某人的建议 take one's advice/suggestions
12. 喉咙痛 sore throat
13. 在因特网上工作 work on the Internet
14. 过量运动 play sports too much
15. 和某人讲话 speak to sb.
16. 恐怕 I'm afraid that…
17. 现在 right now=now
18. 给某人打电话 ring sb. up=call sb. up
19.半小时后 half an hour later
20. 留口信 leave a message
21.告诉某人不要做某事 tell sb. not to do
22.忘记要去做某事 forget to do
23. 忘记做过某事 forget doing
24.给某人捎口信 give sb. the message=take the message for sb.
25.演讲 give a talk=have a talk
26.需要做某事 need to do
27.独自地、自己地 by myself
28.打扫卫生 do some cleaning
29.向某人求助 ask sb. for help
30.在…的帮助下 with one's help=with the help of sb.
31.养成健康的饮食习惯 have healthy eating habits
32.让你长胖且不健康 make you fat and unhealthy
33. 某人发生某事 happen to sb.
34. 碰巧做某事 happen to do sth.
35. 发生、举行 take place
36. 保持安全 stay safe=keep safe
37. 实施自救或帮助别人 help yourselves or others
38. 尽力做某事 try to do
39. 尝试做某事 try doing
40. 一方面…另一方面 (on) one hand...on the other hand…
41. 心情好，身体才会好 be happy to be healthy
42. 远离 stay away from=keep away from
43. 导致很多疾病 cause many illnesses
44. 对…说不，拒绝… say no to sb./ sth.
45. 为了保持健康 in order to keep healthy
46. 目的、为了、以便于 so that=in order that+句
47. 热身 warm up
48. 伸展腿部 stretch your leg
49. 花大量钱健身 spend a lot of money exercising
50. 健身器材 exercise equipment
51. 选择一项运动 choose a sport
52. 让你的身体动起来 get your body moving
53. 代替、而不是 instead of
54. 每一周 each week
55. 伤到你自己 hurt yourself
56. 快点，赶快 hurry up
57. 对……说不，拒绝某物/某人 say no to sth./sb.
58. 对某人来说做……是很重要的 be important for sb.（to do sth.）
59.保持安全 stay safe
二、重点知识
question /'kwest n/ n.问题；v.询问
question意为“问题，疑问”，它常与动词ask或answer搭配使用。
ask questions 问问题
e.g. Can you answer the question 你能回答这个问题吗？
【技巧总结】
problem通常指难以解决的问题，尤指比较困难的问题，如社会、政治和经济等。与他搭配的动词一般是work out或solve。
solve problems 解决问题
【典例分析】
prevent v. 防止，预防
【技巧总结】
prevent sth. 阻止某事
prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.=stop .... (from) doing sth. = keep .... from doing sth. (这里的from不能省略)，阻止某人做某事
e.g. You must prevent him from playing computer games 你必须阻止他玩电脑游戏。
【典例分析】
build /b ld/ v.建筑，增强
build sb up 增强…体质
e.g. We should exercise often to build us up. 我们应该勤加锻炼，增强体质。
【典例分析】
ahead (adv.) 意为“在前面(头)”
go ahead (口语)表示同意对方的请求，根据情况可译为“说吧！”“做吧！”“进行吧！”“干吧！”等
e.g.--May I start now 我现在可以开始了吗？
--Yes, go ahead. 请开始吧！
【典例分析】
finally /'fa n li/ adv.最后；最终，终于
e.g. Finally, we solve the problem. 最后，我们解决了问题。
【典例分析】
crowded / kra d d/ adj.拥挤的
be crowded 拥挤
e.g. The park is very crowded on weekends. 周末，公园很拥挤。
【典例分析】
7. Internet /' nt net/ n.因特网
on the Internet 在因特网上
【典例分析】
8. habit / h b t/ n.习惯
living habits 生活习惯
【典例分析】
happen /'h p n/ v.发生
happen to sb/sth 某人，某物怎么了
e.g. What happened to you？ 你怎么了？
【典例分析】
happiness n. 快乐
happy adj. 快乐的
unhappy adj. 不快乐的
【典例分析】
equipment / kw pm nt/ n. 设备
exercise equipment 健身器材
【典例分析】
choose v. 选择，挑选
choice n. 选择
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只能做某事
e.g. I have no choice but to study hard. 我别无选择只能努力学习。
【典例分析】
hurry up=be quick=come on 赶快
e.g.Please hurry up.There is no time left.
【技巧总结】
in a hurry急忙地
e.g.He left in a hurry.
【典例分析】
build sb./oneself up 增强某人的体质，相当于make sb. strong
e.g. You need to do more exercise to build yourself up.
【典例分析】
keep away from...=stay away from... 意为“远离.....”，后面接名词、代词或动名词，
e.g. As students, we should keep away from smoking and drinking.作为学生，我们应该远离烟酒。
【技巧总结】
keep ...away from... 意为“让...远离...”
e.g. You’d better keep the child away from the flu.你最好让孩子远离火点。
【典例分析】
be afraid to do sth. 含有“害怕其结果而而不敢做......”的意味)。
be afraid of sth.(doing sth.) 害怕某物（做某事.）
be afraid of doing sth. / be afraid that ... 担心......, 担忧......
【技巧总结】
扩展：Don’t be afraid. 不要担心。
I’m afraid so. 恐怕是这样。表示不愿意发生的事情却发生了。
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不是这样。 表示想要的事情没有发生。
I hope so! I hope not!
I think so! I don’t think so!
【典例分析】
5 .leave a message 留口信 leave a message for... 意为“给......留口信”
e.g. If you can’t find me, you can leave a message for me on my desk. 如果你找不到我，你可以在我桌子上给我留个口信。
【技巧总结】
give sb. a message= take a message for sb. 给某人捎口信
e.g. Can you give Dr. Li a message =Can you take a message for Dr. Li 你能给李医生捎个口信吗？
【典例分析】
6. give a talk = give a speech 做演讲
【典例分析】
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“要某人(别)做某事”
e.g. The teacher tells us to clean our classroom. 老师要我们打扫教室。
Mother tells Wang Ping not to play football on the street.妈妈叫王平不要在街上踢足球。
【技巧总结】
ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫/请求某人(不)做某事；
order sb.(not) to do sth.命令某人(不要)做某事。
【典例分析】
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(事情还没做)
e.g. I forget to close the window when I left this morning.今天早晨离开时我忘记关窗户了。(窗户没关)
【技巧总结】
forget doing sth. 忘记曾经做过某事(事情已做了)
e.g. I forget closing the window. It was closed when I came into the room.
我忘记曾经关过窗户，当我进入房间时，窗户是关着的。(曾经关过窗户，忘记了)
【典例分析】
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
【技巧总结】
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth. 帮助某事
with the help of = with one’s help 在……的帮助下
ask sb. for help = turn to sb. 向某人寻求帮助
【典例分析】
need to do sth. 需要做某事
e.g. Everyone need to obey the traffic rules. 每个人都需要遵守交通规则。
【典例分析】
11. be sure that 从句 确信，
be sure to do sth 确信，
be sure of/about doing sth.确信，
【典例分析】
12.try to do sth. 意为“尽力/量去做某事、设法去做某事”
e.g. We try to improve our spoken English.我们尽力去提高我们的英语口语。
【技巧总结】
try doing sth. 意为“试着去做某事”
e.g. You should try eating more fruit.你应该试着多吃些水果。
【典例分析】
13.It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 中的it是形式主语，动词不定式短语才是真正的主语。(考试常考)
e.g. It’s important for us to learn English well. 学好英语对我们很重要。
【典例分析】
on the other hand 另一方面
on one hand...on the other hand意为“一方面...另一方面”)
e.g.On the other hand, drinking can cause many illnesses.另一方面，喝酒会带来很多疾病。
【典例分析】
say no to sth./sb. 对……说不，拒绝某物/某人
say no to doing sth. 拒绝做某事
e.g. Everyone should say no to wars.
【技巧总结】
类似短语：say hello to.../ say sorry to.../ say thanks to...等
【典例分析】
be important for sb.（to do sth.）对某人来说做……是很重要的
be important to sb. 对某人很重要
e.g.Happiness is important for your health. 快乐对你的健康很重要。
【典例分析】
Just get your body moving.
get sb/sth doing sth “让某人/某物行动起来”
get sb to do sth “使某人做某事”
get + adj. “……变得……”
【典例分析】
stop doing sth. “停止做某事”，表示停止正在做的事情。
e.g. Stop talking. Please listen to the teacher carefully in class.停止讲话，请认真听老师讲课。
【技巧总结】
stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”，表示停下正在做的事而去做另一件事。
e.g. He stopped to talk with my father.他停下来去和我老爸谈话。
【典例分析】
instead of 意为“代替，作为...的替换”
e.g. Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。
三．重难点详解。
1.the+比较级...,the+比较级... 意为“越...越...”，前后由两个倒装句构成。前句为一般现在时，后使用一般将来时。这种句式用来表示一方的程度随着另一方程度平行增长。
e.g. The more, the better. 越多越好。
【典例分析】
spend time/money on sth. 花费时间金钱在某事上
spend time/money doing sth. 花费时间金钱做某事
e.g. We shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer games. 我们不应该花费太多时间玩游戏。
I spent 30 yuan on this book.
【典例分析】
Rest until you feel better.
until：直到
e.g. I did my homework until my mother came home. 我做作业直到我妈妈回家。
【典例分析】
4.It’s necessary for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是有必要的
e.g. It’s necessary for us to learn English well. 对我们来说，学好英语是有必要的。
【典例分析】
5. on the other hand 另一方面
e.g.On the other hand, drinking can cause many illnesses. 在另一方面，喝酒会带来很多疾病。
四．重点语法
语法一 --- 反身代词
1. 反身代词的形式
单数 复数
myself ourselves
yourself yourselves
himself
herself themselves
itself
2. 反身代词的用法
1）“by+反身代词”表示“单独地，独自一人地”。
e.g. The boy couldn’t make the model plane by himself. 那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。
2）反身代词常与一些动词连用。
teach+反身代词, 表示:自学
e.g. Jane teaches herself English.简自学英语。
hurt+反身代词, 表示:伤到自己
e.g. Lily fell down and hurt herself yesterday. 昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。
注：反身代词与个别动词搭配使用，意思发生变化。
help +反身代词+to..., 表示:随便吃……
e.g. Help yourself to some strawberries, please.请随便吃些草莓。
enjoy+反身代词, 表示……玩得开心
e.g. They enjoyed themselves at the party last night.昨晚在晚会上他们玩得很开心。
3）反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时，起加强语气的作用，可译为“亲自，本人”。
e.g. You’d better ask your teacher about it yourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师。
话题过关检测
评卷人 得分
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．Nobody else is here. The girl can’t do it by . She needs help! (she)
2．Tom and I practice pulling up the rocks every day. (we)
3．The cities will be more （crowd） and polluted.
4．After an hour’s walk, Mike and his classmates (final) got to the train station.
5．Her children are still very young, but they can look after (they) when she is not at home.
6．Will it take them two years (build) such a tall building
7．I guess he will have trouble (choose) his favorite song.
8．Because of the heavy snow, John had no . He had to wait at the station. (choose)
9．You look (happy). What’s wrong with you Can I help you
10．Don’t worry! I can go there (instead).
评卷人 得分
二、单项选择
11．There isn’t any coffee left. Let’s drink some tea ________.
A．too B．instead C．but D．even
12．They worked hard to make money for a year and bought ________ a big house last week.
A．their B．them C．they D．themselves
13．We had a bad time in Shanghai. It rained ________.
A．on time B．at a time C．all the time D．sometimes
14．—Alex is not here today.
—He _______ be ill. He didn’t look well yesterday.
A．can B．must C．need
15．The table is __________, she made it _________.
A．her；herself B．her；hers
C．hers；herself D．hers；hers
16．—You got hurt on your left leg. What happened
—Yesterday, I was riding back home. ________, a boy ran towards me. In order not to hit him, I fell off the bike.
A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Luckily
17．—There is a huge difference between China and America.
—I agree with you. That is why we should __________ each other’s culture.
A．choose B．check C．respect
18．Look! Li Lei’s name is on the book. It ________ be his book.
A．can B．must C．can’t D．mustn’t
19．I like everything in this city, ________ its weather—neither too hot nor too cold.
A．finally B．actually C．especially D．simply
20．—When will your flight arrive I can pick you up at the airport.
—Thank you, but you ________. I have booked a car through Didi.
A．don’t have to B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t
评卷人 得分
三、完形填空
Kelsey is my good friend. We often go to school and go home together. We study in 21 classes of Grade 8. She is in Class 5, but I am in Class 3. In the past, she had a bad lifestyle. For example, she hardly ever 22 up before seven o’clock in the morning. She never did sports and was 23 of school sports activities. So I had to play basketball with other schoolmates. After supper, she always played computer games before doing her homework. She didn’t like drinking milk and she ate a lot of 24 every day.
Then one day, she got very ill. There was 25 wrong with her stomach. She had to be in 26 for three weeks. It made her realize（意识到） that she must look after her health well. Now Kelsey never stays up late. She 27 every morning. Usually she runs before breakfast on weekends. She has good eating 28 too. She drinks milk every morning and night, she likes junk food very much, 29 she only eats it once a week. A good lifestyle helps her keep in good health. Let’s take action to 30 our bad habits.
21．A．different B．differently C．same D．the same
22．A．looked B．tidied C．got D．cheered
23．A．tired B．pleased C．relaxed D．interested
24．A．healthy food B．junk food C．vegetables D．potatoes
25．A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something
26．A．office B．bank C．hospital D．school
27．A．exercises B．works C．sleeps D．plays
28．A．hobby B．hobbies C．habit D．habits
29．A．and B．because C．but D．so
30．A．cheer B．change C．choose D．check
评卷人 得分
四、阅读单选
A
Do you often do exercise Today. I’d like to talk about my cousin Alice. She is really good at sports.
My cousin Alice is 16 years old. She is 4 years older than me. She runs 3 km every morning before school. She rides a bike to school. She swims in the school swimming pool（游泳池） at lunchtime and then she goes home by bike after school. Can you believe it
That’s not all! On Saturdays, she trains for triathlons（三项全能运动）. In triathlons, people have to swim, ride a bike and run a very long way. Alice is very good at triathlons. Last year, she competed （比赛） in six triathlons, and finished first three times and second twice. Alice wants to be in the Olympics when she’s older.
Do you want to be fit Alice has lots of good advice. “Don’t think too much about it. Don’t talk too much about it. Just do it. Oh, and don’t do any exercise an Sundays. Have a rest（休息） that day. I always do. It’s very important to have a rest.”
I’d like to be as fit as Alice but I can’t run fast and I’m not good at swimming. But I am good at playing tennis. Maybe I’ll go to the Olympics... but only to watch my cousin!
31．What does Alice do at lunchtime
A．She plays tennis. B．She rides a bike. C．She goes running. D．She goes swimming.
32．Last year, Alice won first place in ______ triathlons.
A．three B．four C．five D．six
33．When Alice is older, she wants to be ______.
A．a coach B．a worker C．in the Olympics D．in the school tennis team
34．Which of the following is Alice’s advice
①Have a rest on Sundays. ②Get up early every day.
③Don’t talk too much about being fit. ④Don’t think too much about being fit.
A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④
35．What do we know about the writer
A．He is older than Alice. B．He ran 3 km last Saturday.
C．He is good at playing tennis. D．He once went to the Olympics
B
Is there a way to quickly recall (回忆) information just before taking an exam Walking backward (向后) might be a good way. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.
Scientists did an experiment (实验). They asked 114 students to watch a video. After watching the video, volunteers were divided (分成) into three groups and each group had the same number of people. The first group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video.
The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average (平均) than the other two groups.
Aleksandar, who led the study, told the Daily Mail, “You see things from a different angle (角度).” This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past.
And walking backward is not just good for our brains (大脑). It is also good for the rest of our body. Walking backward is more difficult than walking forward. This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in ad short time and burns more calories (卡路里).
Besides, walking backward is less stressful (压力大的) for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees strong, which can help to ease (缓解) pain in the lower back.
36．What does “this activity” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Recalling information. B．Taking an exam.
C．Walking backwards. D．Improving memory.
37．The second paragraph is written to ________.
A．introduce a useful way of walking B．explain why walking backwards improves memory
C．show who can answer more questions correctly D．describe how researchers did their experiment
38．The number of volunteers in each group was ________.
A．36 B．38 C．57 D．114
39．According to New Scientist, how can walking backwards be helpful
A．It helps people burn more calories. B．It helps people remember information.
C．It can ease pain in people’s knees and backs. D．It allows people to see things in a new angle.
40．Scientists did the experiment to show ________.
A．walking backwards can keep our bones strong.
B．walking backwards can help us improve our fitness.
C．walking backwards can help us improve the short-term memory.
D．walking backwards is good for the rest of our bodies.
评卷人 得分
五、阅读还原6选5
以下是一篇短文，请阅读全文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Sports become more and more important in our life. People all over the world pay more attention to sports. 41 Some sports or games can go back to thousands of years ago, like running and jumping, Chinese kung fu, for example, has a very history. But there are also some other new sports or games. 42 Why do people like sports
As we all know, sports can help us become strong and keep healthy. 43 A lot of people take part in sports and play games. And different people like different kinds of sports. 44 At the same time others like individual (个人的) sports better, such as swimming and running. 45 In different seasons, people take part in different games. For example, swimming is fun in summer, but skating and skiing are popular in winter.
A．And people still keep creating new sports or games
B．Wherever you go, you can watch different kinds of sports or games
C．When seasons change, sports change with them
D．Some people enjoy team sports like basketball and football
E．What’s more, they can make our mind clever
F．Others like to watch sports or games on TV
评卷人 得分
六、补全对话5选5
根据对话内容, 从文后选出适当的选项补全对话。
A: Hi, Mary! We are having a discussion about wealth (财富) and health. Which one do you think is more important
B: Hi, Tom! I think 46 .
A: I agree with you. But how can we keep healthy
B: I think 47 , such as vegetables and fruits.
A: Can we eat too much meat
B: No, I think 48 .
A: What else should we do
B: We should 49 . But remember not to do sports soon after meals.
A: I see. Is 50 for our health
B: It is good. Early to bed and early to rise makes you healthy.
A．that is bad for our health
B．going to bed early good or bad
C．health is more important than wealth
D．we should eat healthy food
E．do some sports every day
评卷人 得分
七、短文选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
surprise, good, able, as, one, than, become, worry, advise, feel
Alan liked all kinds of delicious food. 51 an important officer, he often ate out with other people. The shopkeepers (店主) were glad to see them and they tried their 52 to make Alan have a big meal. Then Alan 53 fatter and fatter. He couldn’t even go upstairs to have a sleep. So he had to sleep downstairs. He often 54 tired when he walked or did some housework. He was very 55 about it.
Unhealthy eating habits can cause illness. His daughter 56 him not to eat out and he had better do some sports to keep healthy. At 57 , it was difficult for Alan because he couldn’t say no to delicious food. But his daughter forced him to have dinner at home and let him eat less 58 before. After two weeks, Alan was 59 to find that it was easy for him to go upstairs. He was also 60 to do some housework.
Now, Alan likes to do sports. And he often takes a walk with his family after the meal. In order to keep healthy, he also plays basketball on weekends.
参考答案：
1．herself
【详解】句意： 这里没有其他人。这个女孩自己做不到。她需要帮助！根据“She needs help!”可知，女孩无法自己做到，应用反身代词herself。故填herself。
2．ourselves
【详解】句意：汤姆和我每天都练习爬上岩石。根据“Tom and I practice pulling ... up the rocks every day.”可知，汤姆和我每天都练习攀岩，即把我们自己拉上岩石；ourselves“我们自己”，符合语境。故填ourselves。
3．crowded
【详解】句意：城市将更拥挤，污染更严重。空处与“polluted”构成并列关系，且空前有more修饰，此处应用比较级形式，crowded“拥挤的”，是形容词，故填crowded。
4．finally
【详解】句意：经过一个小时的步行，迈克和他的同学们终于到达了火车站。此空修饰动词短语got to，应填final的副词finally“最终”，故填finally。
5．themselves
【详解】句意：她的孩子们还很小，但她不在家时他们能自己照顾自己。根据“but they can look after...when she is not at home”可知，本句主语和宾语是相同的人，用反身代词形式，故填themselves。
6．to build
【详解】句意：他们要花两年时间建造这么高的建筑物吗？it takes sb some time to do sth“花费某人时间做某事”，此处应填不定式作主语。故填to build。
7．choosing
【详解】句意：我猜他在选择自己最喜欢的歌曲方面会有困难。have trouble doing sth“做某事有困难”，为固定短语，故填choosing。
8．choice
【详解】句意：由于下大雪，约翰别无选择。他不得不在车站等着。choose“选择”，动词，no后应用名词，故填choice。
9．unhappy
【详解】句意：你看起来不开心，你怎么了？我能帮助你吗？根据“What’s wrong with you ”可知，是在关心对方，所以是“你看起来不开心”。look是系动词，后加形容词，形容词happy“开心的”，反义词是unhappy“不开心的”。故填unhappy。
10．instead
【详解】句意：不要担心！我可以代替去那里。分析句子结构可知，此处应是副词instead“代词”作状语，修饰动词go。故填instead。
11．B
【详解】句意： 没有咖啡了。我们还是喝茶吧。
考查副词辨析。too太；instead代替；but只有；even甚至。根据“There isn’t any coffee left”可知，没有咖啡了，所以喝点茶代替咖啡，故选B。
12．D
【详解】句意：他们辛辛苦苦挣了一年钱，上周给自己买了一栋大房子。
考查代词辨析。their他们的；them他们；they他们；themselves他们自己。根据“bought ... a big house last week.”可知他们给他们自己买了一栋大房子，应用反身代词，故选D。
13．C
【详解】句意：我们在上海过得很糟糕。一直在下雨。
考查短语辨析。on time按时；at a time一次；all the time一直；sometimes有时。根据“We had a bad time in Shanghai. It rained”可知，一直下雨，所以过得很糟糕，故选C。
14．B
【详解】句意：——Alex今天没来。——他一定生病了。他昨天看起来不太好。
考查情态动词。can能；must一定；need需要。根据“He didn’t look well yesterday.”可知他昨天看起来不太好，今天也没来，所以他一定是生病了。故选B。
15．C
【详解】句意：这张桌子是她的，她自己做的。
考查名词性物主代词和反身代词。根据“The table is”可知是问物品的归属，应用名词性物主代词hers；根据“she made it”可知这里强调是她自己做的，应该用反身代词herself。故选C。
16．B
【详解】句意： ——你的左腿受伤了。发生了什么事？——昨天，我正骑车回家。突然，一个男孩向我跑来。为了不撞到他，我从自行车上摔了下来。
考查副词辨析。Finally最终；Suddenly突然；Luckily幸运地。根据“I was riding back home...a boy ran towards me.”可知，说的是骑车回家路上突然发生的事情，故选B。
17．C
【详解】句意：——中国和美国之间存在巨大的差异。——我同意你的看法。这就是为什么我们应该尊重彼此的文化。
考查动词辨析。choose选择；check检查；respect尊重。根据“There is a huge difference between China and America.”可知，应该要尊重文化差异，故选C。
18．B
【详解】句意：看！李雷的名字在书上。这一定是他的书。
考查情态动词。can能；must必须，一定；can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止。根据“Look! Li Lei’s name is on the book. It...be his book.”可知，书一定是他的，此处是情态动词的肯定推测，应用must，故选B。
19．C
【详解】句意：我喜欢这个城市的一切，尤其是它的天气——既不太热也不太冷。
考查副词辨析。finally终于；actually事实上；especially尤其；simply简单地。根据“like everything in this city...its weather”可知尤其喜欢这个城市的天气，此处表示强调用especially。故选C。
20．A
【详解】句意：——你的航班什么时候到达？我可以去机场接你。——谢谢你，但你不必这么做。我已经通过滴滴预定了一辆车。
考查情态动词。don’t have to不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“I have booked a car through Didi.”可知已经预定了车，所以不必来机场接。故选A。
21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲了Kelsey改善了生活方式以保持健康。
21．句意：我们在八年级的不同班级学习。
different不同的，形容词；differently不同地，副词；same相同的，形容词；the same相同的。根据“She is in Class 5, but I am in Class 3.”可知，两人在不同的班级，修饰名词“classes”用形容词，故选A。
22．句意：例如，她几乎从不在早上七点之前起床。
looked up查阅，向上看；tidied up收拾干净；got up起床；cheered up振作起来。根据“before seven o’clock in the morning”可知，七点前起床，其它选项均不符合句意，故选C。
23．句意：她从不做运动，厌倦了学校的体育活动。
tired厌倦；pleased高兴的；relaxed放松的；interested感兴趣的。根据“She never did sports”可知，此处也表示否定，“厌倦”符合句意，其它选项均不符合句意，故选A。
24．句意：她不喜欢喝牛奶，每天都吃很多垃圾食品。
healthy food健康的食物；junk food垃圾食品；vegetables蔬菜；potatoes土豆。根据“she likes junk food very much”可知，她非常喜欢吃垃圾食品，所以每天吃很多，故选B。
25．句意：她的胃有些不舒服。
everything一切；nothing没有东西；anything任何东西；something某些东西。根据“she got very ill”可知，她生病了，胃有问题，有问题句型为“there is something wrong with sth.”，故选D。
26．句意：她不得不在医院住了三个星期。
office办公室；bank银行；hospital医院；school学校。根据“she got very ill”可知，生病要住院，故选C。
27．句意：她每天早上锻炼。
exercises锻炼；works工作；sleeps睡觉；plays玩；根据“Usually she runs before breakfast on weekends.”可知，她每天锻炼，故选A。
28．句意：她也有良好的饮食习惯。
hobby爱好，名词单数；hobbies爱好，名词复数；habit习惯，名词单数；habits，名词复数。根据“She drinks milk every morning and night”可知，此处指饮食习惯，可数名词单独使用要用复数形式，故填habits，故选D。
29．句意：她每天早晚喝牛奶，她非常喜欢垃圾食品，但每周只吃一次。
and和；because因为；but但是；so所以。根据“she likes junk food very much”和“she only eats it once a week”可知，两句为转折关系，虽然喜欢，但每周吃一次，但是but，故选C。
30．句意：让我们采取行动改变我们的坏习惯。
cheer欢呼；change改变；choose选择；check检查。根据“our bad habits”并结合全文可知，此空说的是改变坏习惯，其它选项均不符合句意，故选B。
31．D 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的表姐爱丽丝，她非常擅长运动。
31．细节理解题。根据“She swims in the school swimming pool（游泳池） at lunchtime”可知她午餐时间在学校的游泳池游泳。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“finished first three times”可知赢了三次一等奖。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“Alice wants to be in the Olympics when she’s older.”可知爱丽丝长大后想参加奥运会。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“Don’t think too much about it. Don’t talk too much about it...and don’t do any exercise an Sundays. Have a rest（休息） that day”可知她建议不要想太多、不要说太多、周日好好休息。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“But I am good at playing tennis”可知他擅长打网球。故选C。
36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍倒着走有助于提高短期记忆，还可以提高体能、缓解身体疼痛。
36．细节理解题。根据“Walking backward (向后) might be a good way. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.”可知，倒着走可能是个好办法，这种活动可以帮助人们提高短期记忆力。所以这项活动指的是倒着走，故选C。
37．段落大意题。根据“Scientists did an experiment...volunteers were divided (分成) into three groups and each group had the same number of people. The first group... The second group... The third group...”可知，主要介绍了科学家做实验的过程。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“They asked 114 students to watch a video. After watching the video, volunteers were divided (分成) into three groups...”可知，114位志愿者被分成3组，每组38人。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in ad short time and burns more calories (卡路里).”可知，倒着走能提高体能，短时间内消耗更多能量，燃烧更多卡路里。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average (平均) than the other two groups.”可知，科学家们通过实验发现，倒着走组的正确答案平均比另外两组多两个。该实验表明向后走有助于短期记忆。故选C。
41．B 42．A 43．E 44．D 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍运动的相关内容。
41．根据“Sports become more and more important in our life. People all over the world pay more attention to sports.”可知，运动在我们的生活中变得越来越重要，全世界的人们都更加重视体育运动。选项B“无论你走到哪里，你都可以看到不同种类的运动或游戏”符合语境，故选B。
42．根据“But there are also some other new sports or games.”可知，但也有一些其他新的运动或游戏。此处提到新的运动或游戏，选项A“人们仍然在不断创造新的运动或游戏”符合语境，故选A。
43．根据“As we all know, sports can help us become strong and keep healthy.”可知，我们都知道，运动可以帮助我们变得强壮和保持健康。此处介绍运动的好处，选项E“更重要的是，他们可以使我们的头脑聪明”符合语境，故选E。
44．根据“And different people like different kinds of sports. ... At the same time others like individual (个人的) sports better, such as swimming and running.”可知，不同的人喜欢不同的运动，选项D“有些人喜欢团队运动，比如篮球和足球”符合语境，故选D。
45．根据“In different seasons, people take part in different games.”可知，在不同的季节，人们参加不同的游戏。此处内容与不同的季节相关，选项C“当季节变化时，运动也随之变化”符合语境，故选C。
46．C 47．D 48．A 49．E 50．B
【导语】本文是A与B探讨有关健康的一则对话。
46．根据下句“I agree with you. But how can we keep healthy”可知，此处是回答两者哪个更重要，选项C“健康比财富更重要”符合语境，故选C。
47．根据上句“But how can we keep healthy”及后句“such as vegetables and fruits”可知，此处应介绍通过健康饮食的方式来保持健康，选项D“我们应该吃健康的食物”符合语境，故选D。
48．根据上句“Can we eat too much meat”及否定回答No可知，吃太多的肉对身体不好，选项A“那对我们的健康是有害的”符合语境，故选A。
49．根据上句“What else should we do”及后句“But remember not to do sports soon after meals”可知，此处介绍与做运动有关的内容，选项E“每天做一些运动”符合语境，故选E。
50．根据下句“It is good. Going to bed early and getting up early make you healthy”可知，此处应询问早睡的有关内容，选项B“早睡是好是坏”符合语境，故选B。
51．As 52．best 53．became 54．felt 55．worried 56．advised 57．first 58．than 59．surprised 60．able
【导语】本文讲述了艾伦的不健康饮食习惯导致他变得越来越胖，无法上楼。他的女儿建议他不要出去吃饭，做一些运动来保持健康。现在艾伦喜欢做运动，饭后和家人一起散步。
51．句意：作为一个重要的官员，他经常和别人出去吃饭。后面接名词短语an important officer作宾语，用介词，as“作为”，是介词，故填As。
52．句意：店主们很高兴见到他们，他们尽最大努力让艾伦吃一顿大餐。try one’s best to do sth“尽最大努力做某事”，故填best。
53．句意：然后艾伦变得越来越胖。根据“The shopkeepers (店主) were glad to see them and they tried their...to make Alan have a big meal.”可知，店主们很高兴见到他们，他们尽最大努力让艾伦吃一顿大餐，因此艾伦变得越来越胖，become“变得”，根据“were”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填became。
54．句意：当他走路或做家务时，他经常感到疲倦。根据“Then Alan...fatter and fatter.”可知，他变得越来越胖，因此他走路或做家务时会感到累，feel“感到”，根据“walked”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填felt。
55．句意：他很担心。根据“He often...tired when he walked or did some housework.”可知，他走路或做家务时，他经常感到疲倦，因此他很担心，be worried about“担心”，故填worried。
56．句意：他的女儿劝他不要在外面吃饭，他最好做些运动来保持健康。根据“he had better do some sports to keep healthy.”可知，此处表示他的女儿建议他做的事，advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”，此处叙述发生过的事，用一般过去时，故填advised。
57．句意：起初，这对艾伦来说很难，因为他无法拒绝美味的食物。at first“起初”，故填first。
58．句意：但他的女儿强迫他在家吃饭，让他比以前吃得少。根据less是比较级，后面接介词than“比”，故填than。
59．句意：艾伦惊讶地发现，上楼对他来说很容易。根据“He couldn’t even go upstairs to have a sleep.”可知，他无法上楼去睡觉，根据“it was easy for him to go upstairs.”可知，他上楼容易了，因此感到惊讶，surprise“使惊讶”，是动词，此处作为系动词was的表语，用形容词，主语Alan，描述人的感受，用surprised“感到惊讶的”，故填surprised。
60．句意：他还能做一些家务。根据“it was easy for him to go upstairs.”可知，他上楼容易了，因此能做一些家务，be able to do sth“能做某事”，故填able。
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