Unit 4 Inventions 单元综合检测卷（含解析）2023年秋牛津深圳·广州版八年级上册
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Inventions 单元综合检测卷（含解析）2023年秋牛津深圳·广州版八年级上册 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-09-14 09:50:28 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Inventions单元检测卷
2023-2024学年广州牛津版八年级上册（含解析）
考试范围：Unit 4；总分：90分
第I卷（选择题）
语法选择（15分，每小题1分。）
In the early 1990s, the word “Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a 1 tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest 2 in the field of communication 3 the history of mankind (人类). Communicating with others on the Internet is much 4 . We can chat with a person who is 5 in the other part of the world. We can email our friends and they can read 6 emails within a minute.
Giving all kinds of information is probably the 7 advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines 8 the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give 9 a list of suitable websites to look at.
We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, 10 chat rooms or surfing websites. There are some games for free. We can 11 new and interesting people in the chat room. We can 12 listen to music and see films.
Now, there is a lot of service on the Internet such as online banking, job finding 13 ticket buying. We can also do shopping and find 14 all kinds of goods. Sometimes we can find something that is quite good but very 15 .
1．A．used B．using C．useful D．useless
2．A．invented B．inventor C．invention D．invent
3．A．on B．at C．in D．for
4．A．fast B．faster C．more fast D．fastest
5．A．sits B．sat C．sitting D．seat
6．A．the B．a C．an D．/
7．A．biggest B．bigger C．much bigger D．more big
8．A．find B．to find C．finding D．found
9．A．we B．our C．us D．ourselves
10．A．visit B．visited C．to visit D．visiting
11．A．meet B．met C．meeting D．to meet
12．A．too B．either C．also D．as well
13．A．but B．and C．so D．if
14．A．near B．nearer C．nearly D．nearest
15．A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest
二、完形填空（10分，每小题1分。）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
There are a great number of inventions in the world. Many useful machines were 16 by inventors. These machines have 17 the world a lot. There are many great inventors in the world and Watt is one of them.
Watt was English. When he was a child, he liked to ask questions and he was always 18 hard. One day, he was sitting in the kitchen with his grandmother, he 19 a kettle (水壶) on the stove (火炉). Soon steam (蒸汽) began to come 20 the kettle and the lid (盖子) was shaking. Watt asked what was in the kettle. His grandmother said, “Water, my child.”
“But I know there’s 21 in it. It pushes the lid up.” said Watt. His grandmother told him that it was only steam. He asked his grandmother, “ 22 does the steam come up under the lid ” His grandmother said that it came from hot water. Watt said to 23 , “The steam will be much stronger. It can push things. The steam will be much 24 if there’s more water.”
Later, Watt tried hard and made steam 25 for people. He invented the first engine.
16．A．sent B．made C．invented D．worked
17．A．changed B．got C．because D．was
18．A．playing B．using C．growing D．thinking
19．A．looked at B．looked C．saw D．watch
20．A．at B．out of C．in D．out
21．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．wind
22．A．What B．How C．Whether D．When
23．A．him B．herself C．himself D．her
24．A．stronger B．strong C．weak D．weather
25．A．working B．to work C．work D．works
阅读单选 （30分，每小题2分。）
A
AlphaGo has become famous all over the world after it beat South Korea’s top Go (围棋) player Lee Sedol in March, 2017. In the past, people thought computer programs couldn’t beat them in Go games. But AlphaGo did it. Google DeepMind in London developed it to play the board game Go.
In October, the latest AlphaGo came out on the Internet. Its name is “Master”. Then it beat some top Go players, including Park Jung-hwan from South Korea, Iyama from Japan and Ke Jie from China. “I was surprised,” Ke said after three games, “because it took every move almost within five seconds. It’s impossible that ‘Master’ is controlled by a person.” Aja Huang, the programmer of the company, said, “In the past few days, we have checked if it worked well during some online games. And we are still working hard to improve AlphaGo.”
AlphaGo is an example of artificial intelligence (人工智能)—AI. Scientists are now trying to use AI to do many things, such as driving cars and writing stories. Some people worry that the development of AI may mean the end of humans. But the CEO of the company doesn’t think so. “This isn’t about a competition between humans and AI. The development of AI provides humans with another way to discover new knowledge.” Demis Hassabis said.
26．Which country is AlphaGo from
A．England. B．China. C．Japan. D．South Korea.
27．How many top Go players has AlphaGo beaten
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
28．Which of the following about AlphaGo is true in the passage
A．It will be much smarter than humans in the future.
B．People can see a better “Master” in the future.
C．It takes a slower move than a human player.
D．It is controlled by a person.
29．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．AlphaGo is bad for human’s development.
B．AlphaGo is the best Go player and nobody can beat it.
C．Humans will fight with computer programs in the future.
D．The development of AI may bring humans a brighter future.
B
①Corals (珊瑚) can produce CaCO3 under their bodies. This turns into hard, rock-like reefs which become homes to 25 percent of all sea life. What if our homes can also naturally grow, just like reefs
②US company Biomason produces a new kind of concrete (混擬土) called Biolith, using bacteria that can make CaCO3. They first mixed sand and bacteria in a mould (模具), and then added nutrient solution (培养液) to keep the bacteria alive. Five days later the Biolith bricks “grew up” and were ready to use. That’s much faster than producing traditional concrete, which requires about 28 days.
③According to the company, this method can greatly cut down carbon emissions in the building industry. Traditional concrete is made of small stones. The stones are heated to temperatures greater than 1, 300°C, during which carbon dioxide comes out. A company, McKinsey & Company, reported that the concrete production industry accounts for 4.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.
④Biolith, however, doesn’t need heating so it’s more environmentally friendly. The company plans to reduce 25 percent of carbon emissions from the concrete industry by 2030.
⑤There are other similar technologies, but they are not in production yet. The University of Colorado in the US is studying a living, recyclable building material using cyanobacteria (蓝藻细菌). It can use CO2 and sunlight to grow and help get carbon. NASA is trying to grow buildings out of fungi (菌类) on the Moon and Mars, which may lead to more sustainable ways of living on the Earth.
30．What are the steps of making Biolith
a. Put the mixture in a mould. b. The bricks grow up.
c. Add nutrient solution. d. Mix sand and bacteria.
A．abcd B．aedb C．dcab D．dacb
31．Why is Biolith greener than traditional concrete
A．Because the growth of Biolith is faster.
B．Because Biolith doesn’t have the process of heating.
C．Because producing Biolith gives off carbon dioxide in the air.
D．Because the growth of Biolith doesn’t give out any heat.
32．What’s the structure of the story
A． B．
C． D．
33．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．New technologies make it possible to live on the moon.
B．Corals are homes to all sea life.
C．Researchers use bacteria to “grow” houses.
D．US company thinks of ways to make nutrient solution.
C
Nowadays heavy traffic can happen anywhere. People can get very anxious if they are in heavy traffic. For many years people have tried to invent a car that can fly. If a person is driving a flying car, the heavy traffic would be far below him.
People around the world hope that in the future, flying cars will be useful for short trips like, taxis in or out of cities. These cars could save time in emergencies that happen suddenly and help reach places that can’t be reached by road. They also hope to save the space on the ground. Flying cars won’t use runways, because they are able to take off and land by going straight up and straight down.
Last September, SkyDrive, a Japanese company, showed off its new flying car SD-03. With a pilot on board, the car was flown around for four minutes.
Flying cars need strong power to fly in the sky freely like the airplanes. SkyDrive designed the SD-03 powered by batteries(电池). There are eight motors(发动机) lifting it straight off the ground. The design also produces less pollution.
Although the SD-03’s test flight was successful, we may not see flying cars in our daily life anytime soon. _______________. Safety is a big problem. What happens when a motor fails If a flying car is crossing a city, an accident could hurt not just the people in the car but also people on the ground. That’s why the SD-03 has eight motors—some are backups(备用物). Flying cars are also very expensive. The SD-03, for example, is expected to sell for up to $ 500, 000.
Yet people point out that cars and airplanes faced lots of challenges (挑战) at first, too. Over time, many of their biggest problems were solved. Tomohiro Fukuzawa, who leads SkyDrive, hopes that by 2050, people will have been able to fly anywhere inside of Tokyo in ten minutes or less.
34．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to _________.
A．the airplane B．Sky Drive C．a battery D．the SD-03
35．Which of the following sentences can be put in the _________ in Paragraph 5
A．The price of the flying cars is not low at all.
B．There are still many challenges in the way.
C．Because it can make our life much easier.
D．Because the motors may fail to work.
36．We can infer(推断) from the passage that ________ in the future because of flying cars.
A．no accidents may happen on the streets
B．the sky might become busier and busier
C．people could fly anywhere in ten minutes
D．there may be no cars driving on the streets
D
We see humans all around us. But when was the first human seen Early humans did not leave behind any written records. However, they left behind many paintings on the walls of the caves(洞穴) where they lived. These paintings tell about their life, and we know these early humans walked on our limbs(四肢) like apes(猿). Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water.
Without any tools, early humans used stones, bones of animals, and sharp pieces of wood to dig, hunt and cut their food. They also used these to protect themselves from animals. Since stones were used to make tools, this age was called the Stone Age.
With time going by, tools made of bones and stones were replaced(代替) with metal ones which were stronger, sharper, and long-lasting. Metals were also used for farming and making knives. Copper(铜) was the first metal to be used.
The first fire that early humans noticed was natural fire caused by lightning. With fire, early humans could now light up dark caves. They could keep themselves warm during cold weather and cook meat. Also the fire could drive animals away.
Early humans noticed new trees growing from the seeds(种子) that fell to the ground from the fruits. This gave them the idea that they could make their own food by planting seeds and it led to farming. With the beginning of farming, early humans began to settle down(定居). They moved out of the caves and lived on farms and near their fields together, then the first villages came up.
Raising animals was a big thing in human history that changed the life of early humans. The wild dogs were probably the first animals to be raised. As time went by, goats, sheep, cows, donkeys and horses were kept, too. This led to herding(游牧) animals. Milk, meat and wool came from these animals.
37．Why did early humans have to move around
A．To find more caves to live in. B．To make kinds of tools.
C．To look for food and water. D．To protect themselves from animals.
38．What did early humans use fire for
①Light up dark caves. ②Keep themselves warm.
③Cook meat. . ④Make knives. ⑤Drive animals away.
A．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．②③④⑤ D．①②③⑤
39．Early humans were able to live in one certain place when __________.
A．they could walk on two feet B．they could use metals
C．they knew how to farm D．they knew how to use fire
40．Which statement is right according to the passage
A．The first tools were made of copper.
B．The first animal to be raised was sheep.
C．The first villages came up before farming appeared.
D．The first fire noticed by early humans was caused by lightning.
四、阅读还原5选5 （5分，每小题1分。）
阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Italy. He is best known as an artist today. One of his famous paintings is called Mona Lisa. However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inventor. 41 .
Although Leonardo hated wars, he invented many different machines used for wars. His most special invention was the machine gun. 42 .
43 , Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying. Among his sketch (框架) we can see several objects. We consider them as modern flying machines.
Leonardo spent many hours thinking about how to make good use of time. He developed ideas for labor-saving machines like cutting machines.
Leonardo was a strange man. 44 . It was very unusual in those times. He never published his ideas and scientific discoveries.
45 . Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known.
A．We have very few of his works of art today
B．Many of his inventions have become important in modern daily life
C．By watching the way birds flies
D．It was produced and used in wars many years later
E．He didn’t eat any meat
第II卷（非选择题）
五、语篇填词 （5分，每小题1分。）
Laszlo Biro (1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was b 46 in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he w 47 as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped him d 48 a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they made a new type of pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen.
The ballpoint pen was a g 49 success. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the world every day.
People will always remember Biro for his i 50 . Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen.
六、完成句子 （10分，每小题1分。）
51．我毕业之后还会与我的老师们保持联系。
When I graduate, I will still his teachers.
52．这种鞋子能够帮我们不碰到雨水。
This kind of shoes helps us the rain .
53．当他们给我们建议的时候，我们应该仔细聆听，而不是生气。
When they give us some advice, we should listen carefully angry.
54．车轮是历史上最实用的发明之一。
The wheel is one of inventions in history.
55．与此同时，他也把这个事情告诉了妈妈。
, he told the thing to his mom, too.
七、材料作文 （15分）
56．假设你在一家科技公司工作，该公司即将推出一款针对中小学生的家教机器人。请你根据下面所给信息，用英文写一篇短文对这款机器人进行介绍，词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
名称 智能家教机器人(intelligent tutor robot)
对象 中小学生
外观 白色，像人一样的外形
功能 为学生批改作业并讲解作业里的难题；为学生提供学习资料(learning materials)，帮助学生复习(review)；头部的显示器可以播放在线课程；可以当作闹钟(alarm)使用，提醒学生学习和休息的时间。
价格 $500
Intelligent tutor robot
Let me make an introduction of the intelligent tutor robot we just developed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Each intelligent tutor robot costs $500. You can visit our website for further information.
参考答案：
1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文介绍了互联网的作用及优势。
1．句意：但今天，互联网已经成为全世界人民的一个有用工具。
used习惯于；using使用；useful有用的；useless无用的。根据“tool for people all over the world.”可知，互联网是有用的工具。故选C。
2．句意：也许互联网是人类历史上通信领域最伟大的发明。
invented发明，动词过去式；inventor发明者；invention发明物；invent发明，动词原形。由提示词Internet可知，互联网是发明物。故选C。
3．句意：也许互联网是人类历史上通信领域最伟大的发明。
on在……上；at在；in在里面；for对于。根据“the history of mankind (人类).”可知，这里指在人类历史上，因此用介词in。故选C。
4．句意：在互联网上与他人交流要快得多。
fast原级；faster比较级；more fast写法不对；fastest最高级。much是修饰比较级的词，因此这里用比较级。故选B。
5．句意：我们可以和坐在世界另一端的人聊天。
sits坐，三单；sat坐，过去式；sitting坐，现在分词；seat座位。由空前面的is 可知，这里是现在进行时，需用现在分词。故选C。
6．句意：我们可以给朋友发电子邮件，他们可以在一分钟内阅读该电子邮件。
the表示特指；a用于辅音音素开头的词前；an用于元音音素开头的词前；/零冠词。空后的emails特指前文提到的给朋友发的电子邮件，故用定冠词the。故选A。
7．句意：提供各种信息可能是互联网最大的优势。
biggest最高级；bigger比较级；much bigger比较级；more big写法不对。由空前面的the判断，这里用最高级。故选A。
8．句意：我们可以使用搜索引擎找到我们需要的信息。
find动词原形；to find动词不定式；finding动名词；found过去式。分析句子结构可知，这里用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
9．句意：只要输入一个或多个关键词，搜索引擎就会给我们一个合适的网站列表。
we主格代词；our形容词物主代词；us宾格代词；ourselves反身代词。动词give后跟宾格代词。故选C。
10．句意：我们可以通过下载游戏、访问聊天室或浏览网站在互联网上享受很多乐趣。
visit动词原形；visited过去式；to visit动词不定式；visiting动名词。由后文的“or surfing websites”可知，这里需用动名词。故选D。
11．句意：我们可以在聊天室里结识新的有趣的人。
meet动词原形；met过去式；meeting动名词；to meet动词不定式。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故选A。
12．句意：我们还可以听音乐和看电影。
too放在句子末尾，通常用逗号隔开；either在否定句中使用，但是放在句子末尾，通常用逗号隔开；also则放在系动词be之后，实义动词之前；as well用在肯定句中，放在句子末尾。分析句子结构可知，空处是实义动词“listen to music”之前，因此用also。故选C。
13．句意：现在，互联网上有很多服务，比如网上银行、找工作和买票。
but但是；and和；so所以；if如果。“job finding”和“ticket buying”是并列关系，因此用and连接。故选B。
14．句意：我们还可以购物，能找到几乎所有种类的商品。
near原级；nearer比较级；nearly几乎，副词；nearest最高级。根据“find…all kinds of goods.”可知，这里是在网上可以找到几乎所有种类的商品。故选C。
15．句意：有时我们可以找到一些很好但很便宜的东西。
cheap原级；cheaper比较级；cheapest最高级；the cheapest最高级。根据“very”可知，这里用形容词的原级。故选A。
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了瓦特发明蒸汽机的过程。
16．句意：许多有用的机器是由发明家发明的。
sent发送；made制作；invented发明；worked工作。根据“by inventors”可知是发明家发明机器。故选C。
17．句意：这些机器极大地改变了世界。
changed改变；got得到；because因为；was是。根据“These machines have...the world a lot”可知机器改变了世界。故选A。
18．句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢问问题，而且总是认真思考。
playing玩；using用；growing成长；thinking认为。根据“he liked to ask questions and he was always...hard”可知他喜欢问问题，总是努力思考。故选D。
19．句意：一天，他和奶奶坐在厨房里，看到炉子上有一个水壶。
looked at看；looked看；saw看见；watch看。根据“a kettle(水壶) on the stove”可知是看见有一个水壶，表示结果用saw。故选C。
20．句意：很快，蒸汽开始从水壶里冒出来，壶盖也在摇晃。
at在；out of离开；in在里面；out向外。come out of“从……出来”。故选B。
21．句意：但我知道里面有东西。
something一些事；nothing没有事；anything任何事；wind风。根据“there’s...in it”可知是水壶里有东西。故选A。
22．句意：蒸汽是怎么从盖子下面冒出来的？
what什么；how如何；whether是否；when什么时候。根据“does the steam come up under the lid”可知是蒸汽如何冒出来的。故选B。
23．句意：瓦特自言自语地说。
him他；herself她自己；himself他自己；her她。根据“Watt said to...”可知是瓦特对他自己说。故选C。
24．句意：如果有更多的水，蒸汽会更强。
stronger更强，比较级；strong原级；weak弱的，原级；weather天气。根据“if there’s more water”可知水越多，蒸汽越强，much后比较级。故选A。
25．句意：后来，瓦特努力工作，使蒸汽为人们工作。
working工作，动名词；to work动词不定式；work动词原形；works动词单三。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故选C。
26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D
【导语】本文由谷歌开发的AlphaGo打败韩国顶级围棋选手的事例来引出关于AI的使用，科学家现在正在尝试用AI做许多事情，一些人担心AI的发展可能会代替人类，实际上AI的发展为人类发现新知识提供了另一种途径。
26．细节理解题。根据“Google DeepMind in London developed it to play the board game Go”可知，谷歌伦敦的DeepMind开发的它，也就是它来自英国伦敦，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“AlphaGo has become famous all over the world after it beat South Korea’s top Go (围棋) player Lee Sedol in March, 2017”及“Then it beat some top Go players, including Park Jung-hwan from South Korea, Iyama from Japan and Ke Jie from China”可知，共打败了四位选手，故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“And we are still working hard to improve AlphaGo”可知，仍在努力改进AlphaGo，可推断未来人们会看见一个更好的“Master”，故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists are now trying to use AI to do many things, such as driving cars and writing stories”及“The development of AI provides humans with another way to discover new knowledge”可知，最后一段在介绍AI的发展应用在很多的领域，为人类发现新知识提供了另一种途径，也就是给人们带来一个更明亮的未来，故选D。
30．D 31．B 32．C 33．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们受珊瑚的启示利用现代技术制造可以自然生长的建筑材料。
30．细节理解题。根据“They first mixed sand and bacteria in a mould, and then added nutrient solution to keep the bacteria alive. Five days later the Biolith bricks “grew up” and were ready to use.”可知制造生物石，首先把沙子和能制造碳酸钙的细菌混合在一个模具里，然后加培养液保持细菌存活，五天后生物石长大备用，故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“Traditional concrete is made of small stones. The stones are heated to temperatures greater than 1, 300°C, during which carbon dioxide comes out. A company, McKinsey & Company, reported that the concrete production industry accounts for 4.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Biolith, however, doesn’t need heating so it’s more environmentally friendly.”可知传统的混凝土由小石头制成，需要加热1300°C以上，在这个过程中会产生大量二氧化碳，而生物石不需要加热，故选B。
32．篇章结构题。根据文章可知，第一段提出问题，第二、三段介绍了一个解决问题的技术，第四段介绍了解决问题的其它尚未投产的技术，故选C。
33．主旨大意题。根据全文可知文章介绍了利用现代技术制造可以自然生长的建筑材料，故选C。
34．D 35．B 36．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们想要发明飞行汽车的原因以及日本公司发明的一辆飞行汽车SD-03。
34．词句猜测题。根据第四段“SkyDrive designed the SD-03 powered by batteries.”可知，此处在介绍SD-03飞行汽车的一些基本配置，所以此句“有八个马达把它直接吊离地面”中的“它”应指的是SD-03这个飞行汽车。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第五段“Safety is a big problem.”和“Flying cars are also very expensive.”可知，安全和资金问题是飞行汽车发展上亟待解决的问题，也就是说这些都是飞行汽车发展上需要面临的挑战，B选项符合文意。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“… hopes that by 2050, people will have been able to fly anywhere inside of Tokyo in ten minutes or less.”可推知，随着飞行汽车的发展，未来会有很多人使用飞行汽车，天空可能会变得越来越繁忙。故选B。
37．C 38．D 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文主要是介绍了人类的发展历程，从最初的用石头，动物骨头来获得食物，到用金属来代替原始工具，到发现了火及知道如何耕种，以及饲养动物。
37．细节理解题。根据“Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water.”可知，早期人类为了获得食物和水不得不四处移动，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“With fire, early humans could now light up dark caves. They could keep themselves warm during cold weather and cook meat. Also the fire could drive animals away.”可知，他们用火来点亮山洞，保持温暖，烹饪肉类，驱赶动物，故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“With the beginning of farming, early humans began to settle down”可知，当早期人类懂得如何耕种时，他们就能在一个地方生活，故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据“The first fire that early humans noticed was natural fire caused by lightning”可知，早期人类注意到的第一次火灾是由闪电引起的自然火灾，D表述正确，故选D。
41．B 42．D 43．C 44．E 45．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了他达芬奇在创造发明方面的一些成就。
41．根据“However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inventor”可知，达芬奇也是一个发明家，由此推知此处要介绍达芬奇的发明；选项B“他的许多发明在现代日常生活中变得很重要”符合语境，故选B。
42．根据“Although Leonardo hated wars, he invented many different machines used for wars. His most special invention was the machine gun.”可知，达芬奇发明了许多不同的战争机器，选项D“多年后，它才被生产出来并用于战争”符合语境，故选D。
43．根据“Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying.”可知，试图找出飞行的秘密应该要观察鸟类，选项C“通过观察鸟的飞行方式”符合语境，故选C。
44．根据“Leonardo was a strange man”可知，此处介绍达芬奇奇怪的地方，选项E“他不吃任何肉类”符合语境，故选E。
45．根据“Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. ”可知，此处表达的内容和他的作品有关，选项A“他的艺术作品现在已经很少了”符合语境，故选A。
46．(b)orn 47．(w)orked 48．(d)evelop 49．(g)reat 50．(i)nvention
【导语】本文讲述了拉迪斯洛·比罗发明圆珠笔的事情。
46．句意：他出生于匈牙利布达佩斯。根据“He was...in Budapest, Hungary”及首字母提示可知，此处是指“他出生于……”，be born in“出生于”，故填(b)orn。
47．句意：20世纪30年代，当他还是一名报纸编辑时，他几乎每天都要使用钢笔。根据“as a newspaper editor”及说字母提示可知，此处是work as“以……身份而工作”，陈述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(w)orked。
48．句意：他的哥哥乔治帮他研制了一种特殊的墨水。根据“Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped him...a special ink. The ink dried easily.”及首字母提示可知，他的哥哥帮助他研制了一种特殊的墨水，develop“开发，研制”，此处是help sb do sth的结构，故填(d)evelop。
49．句意：圆珠笔大获成功。根据“a...success”及首字母提示可知，此处是短语a great success“巨大的成功”，故填(g)reat。
50．句意：人们将永远记住比罗的发明。根据“Laszlo Biro(1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen”及首字母提示可知，人们会记住他的发明，此处用名词invention“发明”，结合上文可知，文章讲到的是一种发明，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nvention。
51． keep in touch with
【详解】根据中英文句子可知空处填“与……保持联系”。根据“I will still...”可知，句子是一般将来时will do；keep in touch with“与……保持联系”，故填keep；in；touch；with。
52． keep
off
【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知空格处表示的是“不碰到”，结合“This kind of shoes helps us…the rain…”可知应用keep…off…“不接近，使……远离……”，又根据“help us”可知应是help sb do“帮助某人做某事”，故填keep；off。
53． instead of being/getting/feeling/becoming
【详解】根据中英文对照可知空格处缺少“而不是生气”，短语instead of“代替”和be/get/feel/become angry“生气”，此处的be/get/feel/become为系动词，后接形容词构成系表结构，of为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填instead；of；being/getting/feeling/becoming。
54． the most practical
【详解】one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，practical“实用的”，故填the；most；practical。
55．At the same time
【详解】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填入意为“与此同时”的短语。at the same time意为“与此同时”。且at位于句首首字母应大写。故填At the same time。
56．例文：
Intelligent tutor robot
Let me make an introduction of the intelligent tutor robot we just developed. We call it as Intelligent Tutor Robot and it is invented for students of primary and middle school. It is white with a humanoid appearance.
It has a lot of functions. For example, it can correct homework for students and explain the difficulties in the homework. Also, it can provide students with learning materials to help them review. And the monitor on its head can play online courses. What’s more, it can be used as an alarm to remind students of their study and rest time. How interesting!
Each intelligent tutor robot costs $500. You can visit our website for further information.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据开头提示，介绍智能家教机器人的对象、外观等信息；
第二步，介绍智能家教机器人的功能；
第三步，介绍智能家教机器人的价格，可登录网站查询更多信息。
[亮点词汇]
①a lot of许多
②for example例如
③what’s more另外
[高分句型]
①Also, it can provide students with learning materials to help them review.（不定式表目的）
②How interesting!（How引导的感叹句）
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Unit 4 Inventions单元检测卷
2023-2024学年广州牛津版八年级上册（含解析）
考试范围：Unit 4；总分：90分
第I卷（选择题）
语法选择（15分，每小题1分。）
In the early 1990s, the word “Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a 1 tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest 2 in the field of communication 3 the history of mankind (人类). Communicating with others on the Internet is much 4 . We can chat with a person who is 5 in the other part of the world. We can email our friends and they can read 6 emails within a minute.
Giving all kinds of information is probably the 7 advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines 8 the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give 9 a list of suitable websites to look at.
We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, 10 chat rooms or surfing websites. There are some games for free. We can 11 new and interesting people in the chat room. We can 12 listen to music and see films.
Now, there is a lot of service on the Internet such as online banking, job finding 13 ticket buying. We can also do shopping and find 14 all kinds of goods. Sometimes we can find something that is quite good but very 15 .
1．A．used B．using C．useful D．useless
2．A．invented B．inventor C．invention D．invent
3．A．on B．at C．in D．for
4．A．fast B．faster C．more fast D．fastest
5．A．sits B．sat C．sitting D．seat
6．A．the B．a C．an D．/
7．A．biggest B．bigger C．much bigger D．more big
8．A．find B．to find C．finding D．found
9．A．we B．our C．us D．ourselves
10．A．visit B．visited C．to visit D．visiting
11．A．meet B．met C．meeting D．to meet
12．A．too B．either C．also D．as well
13．A．but B．and C．so D．if
14．A．near B．nearer C．nearly D．nearest
15．A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest
二、完形填空（10分，每小题1分。）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
There are a great number of inventions in the world. Many useful machines were 16 by inventors. These machines have 17 the world a lot. There are many great inventors in the world and Watt is one of them.
Watt was English. When he was a child, he liked to ask questions and he was always 18 hard. One day, he was sitting in the kitchen with his grandmother, he 19 a kettle (水壶) on the stove (火炉). Soon steam (蒸汽) began to come 20 the kettle and the lid (盖子) was shaking. Watt asked what was in the kettle. His grandmother said, “Water, my child.”
“But I know there’s 21 in it. It pushes the lid up.” said Watt. His grandmother told him that it was only steam. He asked his grandmother, “ 22 does the steam come up under the lid ” His grandmother said that it came from hot water. Watt said to 23 , “The steam will be much stronger. It can push things. The steam will be much 24 if there’s more water.”
Later, Watt tried hard and made steam 25 for people. He invented the first engine.
16．A．sent B．made C．invented D．worked
17．A．changed B．got C．because D．was
18．A．playing B．using C．growing D．thinking
19．A．looked at B．looked C．saw D．watch
20．A．at B．out of C．in D．out
21．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．wind
22．A．What B．How C．Whether D．When
23．A．him B．herself C．himself D．her
24．A．stronger B．strong C．weak D．weather
25．A．working B．to work C．work D．works
阅读单选 （30分，每小题2分。）
A
AlphaGo has become famous all over the world after it beat South Korea’s top Go (围棋) player Lee Sedol in March, 2017. In the past, people thought computer programs couldn’t beat them in Go games. But AlphaGo did it. Google DeepMind in London developed it to play the board game Go.
In October, the latest AlphaGo came out on the Internet. Its name is “Master”. Then it beat some top Go players, including Park Jung-hwan from South Korea, Iyama from Japan and Ke Jie from China. “I was surprised,” Ke said after three games, “because it took every move almost within five seconds. It’s impossible that ‘Master’ is controlled by a person.” Aja Huang, the programmer of the company, said, “In the past few days, we have checked if it worked well during some online games. And we are still working hard to improve AlphaGo.”
AlphaGo is an example of artificial intelligence (人工智能)—AI. Scientists are now trying to use AI to do many things, such as driving cars and writing stories. Some people worry that the development of AI may mean the end of humans. But the CEO of the company doesn’t think so. “This isn’t about a competition between humans and AI. The development of AI provides humans with another way to discover new knowledge.” Demis Hassabis said.
26．Which country is AlphaGo from
A．England. B．China. C．Japan. D．South Korea.
27．How many top Go players has AlphaGo beaten
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
28．Which of the following about AlphaGo is true in the passage
A．It will be much smarter than humans in the future.
B．People can see a better “Master” in the future.
C．It takes a slower move than a human player.
D．It is controlled by a person.
29．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．AlphaGo is bad for human’s development.
B．AlphaGo is the best Go player and nobody can beat it.
C．Humans will fight with computer programs in the future.
D．The development of AI may bring humans a brighter future.
B
①Corals (珊瑚) can produce CaCO3 under their bodies. This turns into hard, rock-like reefs which become homes to 25 percent of all sea life. What if our homes can also naturally grow, just like reefs
②US company Biomason produces a new kind of concrete (混擬土) called Biolith, using bacteria that can make CaCO3. They first mixed sand and bacteria in a mould (模具), and then added nutrient solution (培养液) to keep the bacteria alive. Five days later the Biolith bricks “grew up” and were ready to use. That’s much faster than producing traditional concrete, which requires about 28 days.
③According to the company, this method can greatly cut down carbon emissions in the building industry. Traditional concrete is made of small stones. The stones are heated to temperatures greater than 1, 300°C, during which carbon dioxide comes out. A company, McKinsey & Company, reported that the concrete production industry accounts for 4.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.
④Biolith, however, doesn’t need heating so it’s more environmentally friendly. The company plans to reduce 25 percent of carbon emissions from the concrete industry by 2030.
⑤There are other similar technologies, but they are not in production yet. The University of Colorado in the US is studying a living, recyclable building material using cyanobacteria (蓝藻细菌). It can use CO2 and sunlight to grow and help get carbon. NASA is trying to grow buildings out of fungi (菌类) on the Moon and Mars, which may lead to more sustainable ways of living on the Earth.
30．What are the steps of making Biolith
a. Put the mixture in a mould. b. The bricks grow up.
c. Add nutrient solution. d. Mix sand and bacteria.
A．abcd B．aedb C．dcab D．dacb
31．Why is Biolith greener than traditional concrete
A．Because the growth of Biolith is faster.
B．Because Biolith doesn’t have the process of heating.
C．Because producing Biolith gives off carbon dioxide in the air.
D．Because the growth of Biolith doesn’t give out any heat.
32．What’s the structure of the story
A． B．
C． D．
33．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．New technologies make it possible to live on the moon.
B．Corals are homes to all sea life.
C．Researchers use bacteria to “grow” houses.
D．US company thinks of ways to make nutrient solution.
C
Nowadays heavy traffic can happen anywhere. People can get very anxious if they are in heavy traffic. For many years people have tried to invent a car that can fly. If a person is driving a flying car, the heavy traffic would be far below him.
People around the world hope that in the future, flying cars will be useful for short trips like, taxis in or out of cities. These cars could save time in emergencies that happen suddenly and help reach places that can’t be reached by road. They also hope to save the space on the ground. Flying cars won’t use runways, because they are able to take off and land by going straight up and straight down.
Last September, SkyDrive, a Japanese company, showed off its new flying car SD-03. With a pilot on board, the car was flown around for four minutes.
Flying cars need strong power to fly in the sky freely like the airplanes. SkyDrive designed the SD-03 powered by batteries(电池). There are eight motors(发动机) lifting it straight off the ground. The design also produces less pollution.
Although the SD-03’s test flight was successful, we may not see flying cars in our daily life anytime soon. _______________. Safety is a big problem. What happens when a motor fails If a flying car is crossing a city, an accident could hurt not just the people in the car but also people on the ground. That’s why the SD-03 has eight motors—some are backups(备用物). Flying cars are also very expensive. The SD-03, for example, is expected to sell for up to $ 500, 000.
Yet people point out that cars and airplanes faced lots of challenges (挑战) at first, too. Over time, many of their biggest problems were solved. Tomohiro Fukuzawa, who leads SkyDrive, hopes that by 2050, people will have been able to fly anywhere inside of Tokyo in ten minutes or less.
34．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to _________.
A．the airplane B．Sky Drive C．a battery D．the SD-03
35．Which of the following sentences can be put in the _________ in Paragraph 5
A．The price of the flying cars is not low at all.
B．There are still many challenges in the way.
C．Because it can make our life much easier.
D．Because the motors may fail to work.
36．We can infer(推断) from the passage that ________ in the future because of flying cars.
A．no accidents may happen on the streets
B．the sky might become busier and busier
C．people could fly anywhere in ten minutes
D．there may be no cars driving on the streets
D
We see humans all around us. But when was the first human seen Early humans did not leave behind any written records. However, they left behind many paintings on the walls of the caves(洞穴) where they lived. These paintings tell about their life, and we know these early humans walked on our limbs(四肢) like apes(猿). Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water.
Without any tools, early humans used stones, bones of animals, and sharp pieces of wood to dig, hunt and cut their food. They also used these to protect themselves from animals. Since stones were used to make tools, this age was called the Stone Age.
With time going by, tools made of bones and stones were replaced(代替) with metal ones which were stronger, sharper, and long-lasting. Metals were also used for farming and making knives. Copper(铜) was the first metal to be used.
The first fire that early humans noticed was natural fire caused by lightning. With fire, early humans could now light up dark caves. They could keep themselves warm during cold weather and cook meat. Also the fire could drive animals away.
Early humans noticed new trees growing from the seeds(种子) that fell to the ground from the fruits. This gave them the idea that they could make their own food by planting seeds and it led to farming. With the beginning of farming, early humans began to settle down(定居). They moved out of the caves and lived on farms and near their fields together, then the first villages came up.
Raising animals was a big thing in human history that changed the life of early humans. The wild dogs were probably the first animals to be raised. As time went by, goats, sheep, cows, donkeys and horses were kept, too. This led to herding(游牧) animals. Milk, meat and wool came from these animals.
37．Why did early humans have to move around
A．To find more caves to live in. B．To make kinds of tools.
C．To look for food and water. D．To protect themselves from animals.
38．What did early humans use fire for
①Light up dark caves. ②Keep themselves warm.
③Cook meat. . ④Make knives. ⑤Drive animals away.
A．①②③④ B．①②④⑤ C．②③④⑤ D．①②③⑤
39．Early humans were able to live in one certain place when __________.
A．they could walk on two feet B．they could use metals
C．they knew how to farm D．they knew how to use fire
40．Which statement is right according to the passage
A．The first tools were made of copper.
B．The first animal to be raised was sheep.
C．The first villages came up before farming appeared.
D．The first fire noticed by early humans was caused by lightning.
四、阅读还原5选5 （5分，每小题1分。）
阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Italy. He is best known as an artist today. One of his famous paintings is called Mona Lisa. However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inventor. 41 .
Although Leonardo hated wars, he invented many different machines used for wars. His most special invention was the machine gun. 42 .
43 , Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying. Among his sketch (框架) we can see several objects. We consider them as modern flying machines.
Leonardo spent many hours thinking about how to make good use of time. He developed ideas for labor-saving machines like cutting machines.
Leonardo was a strange man. 44 . It was very unusual in those times. He never published his ideas and scientific discoveries.
45 . Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known.
A．We have very few of his works of art today
B．Many of his inventions have become important in modern daily life
C．By watching the way birds flies
D．It was produced and used in wars many years later
E．He didn’t eat any meat
第II卷（非选择题）
五、语篇填词 （5分，每小题1分。）
Laszlo Biro (1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was b 46 in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he w 47 as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped him d 48 a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they made a new type of pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen.
The ballpoint pen was a g 49 success. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the world every day.
People will always remember Biro for his i 50 . Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen.
六、完成句子 （10分，每小题1分。）
51．我毕业之后还会与我的老师们保持联系。
When I graduate, I will still his teachers.
52．这种鞋子能够帮我们不碰到雨水。
This kind of shoes helps us the rain .
53．当他们给我们建议的时候，我们应该仔细聆听，而不是生气。
When they give us some advice, we should listen carefully angry.
54．车轮是历史上最实用的发明之一。
The wheel is one of inventions in history.
55．与此同时，他也把这个事情告诉了妈妈。
, he told the thing to his mom, too.
七、材料作文 （15分）
56．假设你在一家科技公司工作，该公司即将推出一款针对中小学生的家教机器人。请你根据下面所给信息，用英文写一篇短文对这款机器人进行介绍，词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
名称 智能家教机器人(intelligent tutor robot)
对象 中小学生
外观 白色，像人一样的外形
功能 为学生批改作业并讲解作业里的难题；为学生提供学习资料(learning materials)，帮助学生复习(review)；头部的显示器可以播放在线课程；可以当作闹钟(alarm)使用，提醒学生学习和休息的时间。
价格 $500
Intelligent tutor robot
Let me make an introduction of the intelligent tutor robot we just developed.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Each intelligent tutor robot costs $500. You can visit our website for further information.
参考答案：
1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文介绍了互联网的作用及优势。
1．句意：但今天，互联网已经成为全世界人民的一个有用工具。
used习惯于；using使用；useful有用的；useless无用的。根据“tool for people all over the world.”可知，互联网是有用的工具。故选C。
2．句意：也许互联网是人类历史上通信领域最伟大的发明。
invented发明，动词过去式；inventor发明者；invention发明物；invent发明，动词原形。由提示词Internet可知，互联网是发明物。故选C。
3．句意：也许互联网是人类历史上通信领域最伟大的发明。
on在……上；at在；in在里面；for对于。根据“the history of mankind (人类).”可知，这里指在人类历史上，因此用介词in。故选C。
4．句意：在互联网上与他人交流要快得多。
fast原级；faster比较级；more fast写法不对；fastest最高级。much是修饰比较级的词，因此这里用比较级。故选B。
5．句意：我们可以和坐在世界另一端的人聊天。
sits坐，三单；sat坐，过去式；sitting坐，现在分词；seat座位。由空前面的is 可知，这里是现在进行时，需用现在分词。故选C。
6．句意：我们可以给朋友发电子邮件，他们可以在一分钟内阅读该电子邮件。
the表示特指；a用于辅音音素开头的词前；an用于元音音素开头的词前；/零冠词。空后的emails特指前文提到的给朋友发的电子邮件，故用定冠词the。故选A。
7．句意：提供各种信息可能是互联网最大的优势。
biggest最高级；bigger比较级；much bigger比较级；more big写法不对。由空前面的the判断，这里用最高级。故选A。
8．句意：我们可以使用搜索引擎找到我们需要的信息。
find动词原形；to find动词不定式；finding动名词；found过去式。分析句子结构可知，这里用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
9．句意：只要输入一个或多个关键词，搜索引擎就会给我们一个合适的网站列表。
we主格代词；our形容词物主代词；us宾格代词；ourselves反身代词。动词give后跟宾格代词。故选C。
10．句意：我们可以通过下载游戏、访问聊天室或浏览网站在互联网上享受很多乐趣。
visit动词原形；visited过去式；to visit动词不定式；visiting动名词。由后文的“or surfing websites”可知，这里需用动名词。故选D。
11．句意：我们可以在聊天室里结识新的有趣的人。
meet动词原形；met过去式；meeting动名词；to meet动词不定式。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故选A。
12．句意：我们还可以听音乐和看电影。
too放在句子末尾，通常用逗号隔开；either在否定句中使用，但是放在句子末尾，通常用逗号隔开；also则放在系动词be之后，实义动词之前；as well用在肯定句中，放在句子末尾。分析句子结构可知，空处是实义动词“listen to music”之前，因此用also。故选C。
13．句意：现在，互联网上有很多服务，比如网上银行、找工作和买票。
but但是；and和；so所以；if如果。“job finding”和“ticket buying”是并列关系，因此用and连接。故选B。
14．句意：我们还可以购物，能找到几乎所有种类的商品。
near原级；nearer比较级；nearly几乎，副词；nearest最高级。根据“find…all kinds of goods.”可知，这里是在网上可以找到几乎所有种类的商品。故选C。
15．句意：有时我们可以找到一些很好但很便宜的东西。
cheap原级；cheaper比较级；cheapest最高级；the cheapest最高级。根据“very”可知，这里用形容词的原级。故选A。
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了瓦特发明蒸汽机的过程。
16．句意：许多有用的机器是由发明家发明的。
sent发送；made制作；invented发明；worked工作。根据“by inventors”可知是发明家发明机器。故选C。
17．句意：这些机器极大地改变了世界。
changed改变；got得到；because因为；was是。根据“These machines have...the world a lot”可知机器改变了世界。故选A。
18．句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢问问题，而且总是认真思考。
playing玩；using用；growing成长；thinking认为。根据“he liked to ask questions and he was always...hard”可知他喜欢问问题，总是努力思考。故选D。
19．句意：一天，他和奶奶坐在厨房里，看到炉子上有一个水壶。
looked at看；looked看；saw看见；watch看。根据“a kettle(水壶) on the stove”可知是看见有一个水壶，表示结果用saw。故选C。
20．句意：很快，蒸汽开始从水壶里冒出来，壶盖也在摇晃。
at在；out of离开；in在里面；out向外。come out of“从……出来”。故选B。
21．句意：但我知道里面有东西。
something一些事；nothing没有事；anything任何事；wind风。根据“there’s...in it”可知是水壶里有东西。故选A。
22．句意：蒸汽是怎么从盖子下面冒出来的？
what什么；how如何；whether是否；when什么时候。根据“does the steam come up under the lid”可知是蒸汽如何冒出来的。故选B。
23．句意：瓦特自言自语地说。
him他；herself她自己；himself他自己；her她。根据“Watt said to...”可知是瓦特对他自己说。故选C。
24．句意：如果有更多的水，蒸汽会更强。
stronger更强，比较级；strong原级；weak弱的，原级；weather天气。根据“if there’s more water”可知水越多，蒸汽越强，much后比较级。故选A。
25．句意：后来，瓦特努力工作，使蒸汽为人们工作。
working工作，动名词；to work动词不定式；work动词原形；works动词单三。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故选C。
26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D
【导语】本文由谷歌开发的AlphaGo打败韩国顶级围棋选手的事例来引出关于AI的使用，科学家现在正在尝试用AI做许多事情，一些人担心AI的发展可能会代替人类，实际上AI的发展为人类发现新知识提供了另一种途径。
26．细节理解题。根据“Google DeepMind in London developed it to play the board game Go”可知，谷歌伦敦的DeepMind开发的它，也就是它来自英国伦敦，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“AlphaGo has become famous all over the world after it beat South Korea’s top Go (围棋) player Lee Sedol in March, 2017”及“Then it beat some top Go players, including Park Jung-hwan from South Korea, Iyama from Japan and Ke Jie from China”可知，共打败了四位选手，故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“And we are still working hard to improve AlphaGo”可知，仍在努力改进AlphaGo，可推断未来人们会看见一个更好的“Master”，故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists are now trying to use AI to do many things, such as driving cars and writing stories”及“The development of AI provides humans with another way to discover new knowledge”可知，最后一段在介绍AI的发展应用在很多的领域，为人类发现新知识提供了另一种途径，也就是给人们带来一个更明亮的未来，故选D。
30．D 31．B 32．C 33．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们受珊瑚的启示利用现代技术制造可以自然生长的建筑材料。
30．细节理解题。根据“They first mixed sand and bacteria in a mould, and then added nutrient solution to keep the bacteria alive. Five days later the Biolith bricks “grew up” and were ready to use.”可知制造生物石，首先把沙子和能制造碳酸钙的细菌混合在一个模具里，然后加培养液保持细菌存活，五天后生物石长大备用，故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“Traditional concrete is made of small stones. The stones are heated to temperatures greater than 1, 300°C, during which carbon dioxide comes out. A company, McKinsey & Company, reported that the concrete production industry accounts for 4.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Biolith, however, doesn’t need heating so it’s more environmentally friendly.”可知传统的混凝土由小石头制成，需要加热1300°C以上，在这个过程中会产生大量二氧化碳，而生物石不需要加热，故选B。
32．篇章结构题。根据文章可知，第一段提出问题，第二、三段介绍了一个解决问题的技术，第四段介绍了解决问题的其它尚未投产的技术，故选C。
33．主旨大意题。根据全文可知文章介绍了利用现代技术制造可以自然生长的建筑材料，故选C。
34．D 35．B 36．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们想要发明飞行汽车的原因以及日本公司发明的一辆飞行汽车SD-03。
34．词句猜测题。根据第四段“SkyDrive designed the SD-03 powered by batteries.”可知，此处在介绍SD-03飞行汽车的一些基本配置，所以此句“有八个马达把它直接吊离地面”中的“它”应指的是SD-03这个飞行汽车。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第五段“Safety is a big problem.”和“Flying cars are also very expensive.”可知，安全和资金问题是飞行汽车发展上亟待解决的问题，也就是说这些都是飞行汽车发展上需要面临的挑战，B选项符合文意。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“… hopes that by 2050, people will have been able to fly anywhere inside of Tokyo in ten minutes or less.”可推知，随着飞行汽车的发展，未来会有很多人使用飞行汽车，天空可能会变得越来越繁忙。故选B。
37．C 38．D 39．C 40．D
【导语】本文主要是介绍了人类的发展历程，从最初的用石头，动物骨头来获得食物，到用金属来代替原始工具，到发现了火及知道如何耕种，以及饲养动物。
37．细节理解题。根据“Also, they did not live at one place but moved from place to place in search of food and water.”可知，早期人类为了获得食物和水不得不四处移动，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“With fire, early humans could now light up dark caves. They could keep themselves warm during cold weather and cook meat. Also the fire could drive animals away.”可知，他们用火来点亮山洞，保持温暖，烹饪肉类，驱赶动物，故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“With the beginning of farming, early humans began to settle down”可知，当早期人类懂得如何耕种时，他们就能在一个地方生活，故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据“The first fire that early humans noticed was natural fire caused by lightning”可知，早期人类注意到的第一次火灾是由闪电引起的自然火灾，D表述正确，故选D。
41．B 42．D 43．C 44．E 45．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了他达芬奇在创造发明方面的一些成就。
41．根据“However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inventor”可知，达芬奇也是一个发明家，由此推知此处要介绍达芬奇的发明；选项B“他的许多发明在现代日常生活中变得很重要”符合语境，故选B。
42．根据“Although Leonardo hated wars, he invented many different machines used for wars. His most special invention was the machine gun.”可知，达芬奇发明了许多不同的战争机器，选项D“多年后，它才被生产出来并用于战争”符合语境，故选D。
43．根据“Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying.”可知，试图找出飞行的秘密应该要观察鸟类，选项C“通过观察鸟的飞行方式”符合语境，故选C。
44．根据“Leonardo was a strange man”可知，此处介绍达芬奇奇怪的地方，选项E“他不吃任何肉类”符合语境，故选E。
45．根据“Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. ”可知，此处表达的内容和他的作品有关，选项A“他的艺术作品现在已经很少了”符合语境，故选A。
46．(b)orn 47．(w)orked 48．(d)evelop 49．(g)reat 50．(i)nvention
【导语】本文讲述了拉迪斯洛·比罗发明圆珠笔的事情。
46．句意：他出生于匈牙利布达佩斯。根据“He was...in Budapest, Hungary”及首字母提示可知，此处是指“他出生于……”，be born in“出生于”，故填(b)orn。
47．句意：20世纪30年代，当他还是一名报纸编辑时，他几乎每天都要使用钢笔。根据“as a newspaper editor”及说字母提示可知，此处是work as“以……身份而工作”，陈述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(w)orked。
48．句意：他的哥哥乔治帮他研制了一种特殊的墨水。根据“Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped him...a special ink. The ink dried easily.”及首字母提示可知，他的哥哥帮助他研制了一种特殊的墨水，develop“开发，研制”，此处是help sb do sth的结构，故填(d)evelop。
49．句意：圆珠笔大获成功。根据“a...success”及首字母提示可知，此处是短语a great success“巨大的成功”，故填(g)reat。
50．句意：人们将永远记住比罗的发明。根据“Laszlo Biro(1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen”及首字母提示可知，人们会记住他的发明，此处用名词invention“发明”，结合上文可知，文章讲到的是一种发明，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nvention。
51． keep in touch with
【详解】根据中英文句子可知空处填“与……保持联系”。根据“I will still...”可知，句子是一般将来时will do；keep in touch with“与……保持联系”，故填keep；in；touch；with。
52． keep
off
【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知空格处表示的是“不碰到”，结合“This kind of shoes helps us…the rain…”可知应用keep…off…“不接近，使……远离……”，又根据“help us”可知应是help sb do“帮助某人做某事”，故填keep；off。
53． instead of being/getting/feeling/becoming
【详解】根据中英文对照可知空格处缺少“而不是生气”，短语instead of“代替”和be/get/feel/become angry“生气”，此处的be/get/feel/become为系动词，后接形容词构成系表结构，of为介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填instead；of；being/getting/feeling/becoming。
54． the most practical
【详解】one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，practical“实用的”，故填the；most；practical。
55．At the same time
【详解】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填入意为“与此同时”的短语。at the same time意为“与此同时”。且at位于句首首字母应大写。故填At the same time。
56．例文：
Intelligent tutor robot
Let me make an introduction of the intelligent tutor robot we just developed. We call it as Intelligent Tutor Robot and it is invented for students of primary and middle school. It is white with a humanoid appearance.
It has a lot of functions. For example, it can correct homework for students and explain the difficulties in the homework. Also, it can provide students with learning materials to help them review. And the monitor on its head can play online courses. What’s more, it can be used as an alarm to remind students of their study and rest time. How interesting!
Each intelligent tutor robot costs $500. You can visit our website for further information.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，根据开头提示，介绍智能家教机器人的对象、外观等信息；
第二步，介绍智能家教机器人的功能；
第三步，介绍智能家教机器人的价格，可登录网站查询更多信息。
[亮点词汇]
①a lot of许多
②for example例如
③what’s more另外
[高分句型]
①Also, it can provide students with learning materials to help them review.（不定式表目的）
②How interesting!（How引导的感叹句）
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