Welcome unit Discover the structure课件（新人教版必修一）

(共21张PPT)
Teaching Objectives
1. Have a good understanding of the basic sentence structures and basic components of a sentence.
2. Identify the basic sentence structures—SV; SVO; SP; SV IO DO; SVOC; SVA; SVOA; There be...
3. Master and use the basic sentence structures flexibly.
Teaching Procedures
1. 基础认知
2. 句子成分
3. 句子结构
4. 练 习
基础认知
1. 句子的基本成分
S（主语） V（谓语动词） O（宾语） P（表语）
A（状语） DO（直接宾语） IO（间接宾语） C（宾语补足语）
基础认知
2. 简单句的基本句型
·SV All of us laughed!
·SVO I miss my grandma.
·SP The teacher was kind and friendly.
·SV IO DO He told us a funny story.
·SVOC I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
·SVA He talked too much.
·SVOA I had my first maths class at senior high school.
·There be… There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
句子成分
Look at these sentences and find out the basic components of the sentence.
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
1.1 A boy read a book.
1.2　She is my sister.
1.3　Mr.Wang is a teacher.
主语（subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体, 主语是谓语讲述的对象, 表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当。
a noun/pronoun /name for a subject
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
2.1　A tiger eats meat.
2.2　A fish can swim.
2.3　He doesn’t like fruit.

谓语（verb）说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
different verb forms
句子成分
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
3.1　Lions eat meat.
3.2　I like it.
3.3　He called Tom.
宾语（object）是指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
a noun/pronoun /name for an object
句子成分
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
4.1　He looks fine.
4.2　You are happy.
4.3　He became a teacher.
表语（predicative）表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于连系动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。
link verb +predicative(adj./n.)
句子成分
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
5.1　He lives in Shenzhen.
5.2　You go to school by bus.
5.3　We like English very much.
状语（adverbial）用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。
adverbs, prepositional phrases
句子成分
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
6.1　He gave me a pen.
6.2　We bought him a gift.
6.3　He wrote me a letter.
在动词后方所跟的双宾语中,表示物的叫作直接宾语direct object (简称“直宾”),表示人的叫作间接宾语 (indirect object)。
a noun/pronoun /name for indirect object and direct object
句子成分
What kind of component is each underlined part in the sentence
7.1　The war made him a hero.
7.2　The fire left him homeless.
7.3　He found his glasses broken.
宾语补足语（object complement）用来对宾语进行补充和说明, 一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。
complement
句子成分
句子结构
句子结构
① S + V → 主语 + 谓语（不及物动词）
The door opened.
S V
② S + V + O →主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语
She teaches English.
S V O
③ S + V + P →主语 + 连系动词 + 表语
He became a scientist.
S V P
④ S + V + IO + DO →主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
He told me your telephone number.
S V IO DO
⑤ S + V + O + C →主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语
The news made us surprised.
S V O C
⑥ S + V + A →主语 + 谓语（不及物动词）+ 状语
Jim lived in Beijing.
S V A
⑦ S + V + O + A →主语 + 谓语（及物动词）+ 宾语 + 状语
They want to go at once.
S V O A
⑧ there be 句型：be 动词在人称和数上要和离它最近的主语保持一致
There is a ruler，two pens and five books in the schoolbag.
练习
判断下列句子属于八种基本句型中的哪一种
1.We are making our country more and more beautiful.
2.That kind of thing won’t happen.
3.The machine is drilling a hole.
4.There were a lot of people present at the meeting.
5.He looked unhappy at that time.
6.He lost the money on his way home.
7.Mr Wang taught us English last year.
8.The time passed quickly.
S V O C
S V
S V O
There be...结构
S P
S V O A
S V IO DO
S V A
练习
Activity 1 Read the sentences and analyse the structures.
EXAMPLE：We laughed.
S
V
1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.
2 We must act.
3 The maths homework looks easy.
4 The teacher found the classroom empty.
S
V
A
S
V
S
P
S
V
O
C
5 My mum bought me a new dictionary.
6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.
7 There is an English Corner at our school.
8 We had chemistry in the newly built lab.
S
S
V
IO
DO
There be...
V
O
S
V
O
A
练习
Activity 1 Read the sentences and analyse the structures.
EXAMPLE：We laughed.
S
V
Activity 2 Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.
How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time For Tim，that dream has come true! This term，Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the same subjects as you do，like maths and English. They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. Tim loves living on the ship. There’s always something exciting to do. And，after a long day of study，he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!
S
V
S
V
A
S
V
IO
DO
V
IO
DO
There be…
S
P
S
V
O
练习
Homework
1. 补充本节课笔记
2. 完成重难点手册语法部分