Unit 1 Know yourself Grammar 并列连词 讲义2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册
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| 名称 | Unit 1 Know yourself Grammar 并列连词 讲义2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-15 10:54:06 | ||
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初三英语学科学习材料（教师）
学习内容（9AU1 Grammar并列连词）
学习目标 知识与技能 通过学习，掌握并列连词的用法 过程与方法 课堂通过读写，互动，以及习题的练习提高孩子对知识点的理解度 情感态度和价值观 会灵活运用知识点，降低错误率，提高自信心 教学重难点 重点：掌握并列连词的就近原则用法 难点：学会判断并且正确的使用并列连词 回顾学习： 知识梳理： 【知识归纳】 一. 连词的分类 .. 并列句 并列连词and, but, or和so的用法 并列连词and, but, or和so分别用来表示并列关系，转折关系，选择关系或因果关系等。 1.and的用法 （1）and意为 “和，又”，可表示并列关系，常用来连接表示对等成分的单词，短语或者句子。 Our maths teacher is very kind and helpful. 我们的数学老师非常和蔼而且乐于助人。 Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. 突然,云散了,雨停了。 （2）and除了表示并列关系外，还可以表示目的和结果等关系。 Come and see my family. 来见见我的家人。（see表示目的） Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes. 仔细点儿，你犯的错误就少。（make fewer mistakes表示结果） （3）and表示条件，引导祈使句+and+一般将来时的句子。该句型结构译为：如果这样的话，就会...祈使句部分相当于一个肯定条件句。 eg:Study hard, and you can get good grades. (If you study hard, you can get good grades.) 2.but的用法 but意为 “但是”，表示转折关系，连接意思相反的成分。 Our school is very small but beautiful. 我们的学校很小但很漂亮。 高频考点 表示转折关系的连词but在中考中考查比较频繁,解题的关键在于理解两个句子之间的逻辑关系。 ●Hawking is no longer with us,______he will continue to inspire the world. A so B. if C. but D. as [答案]C 3.or的用法 （1）or意为 “或者”，表示选择关系。 Which do you like better, juice or cola 果汁和可乐，你更喜欢哪个 （2）or用于否定句中，表示 “也不”。 I can’t speak English or French. 我不会讲英语，也不会讲法语。 （3）在英语中， “祈使句+or+简单句”是一种常用句型。在该句型中，or意为 “否则”，祈使句相当于一个条件，可以和if引导的条件状语从句进行转换。 Put on your coat, or you will catch a cold.=If you don’t put on your coat, you will catch a cold. 穿上你的大衣，否则你就会感冒的。 高频考点 连词or在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中考查时，是否选用or主要取决于两个分句之间的关系。 ● ---Be quick,_______we'll fail to catch the school bus. ---Don't worry. It's only seven o'clock now. We still have enough time. A. and B. but C. or D. so [答案]C 4. so的用法 连词so意为 “因此，所以”，表示因果关系，常用来连接两个简单句。 It began to rain, so we went home. 天开始下雨了，所以我们回家了。 （注意）连词so和because不能用在同一个句子中。 He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.=He didn’t go to school because he was ill. 因为他病了，所以他没去上学。 so that作为连词词组，表示 “以便，为了” 高频考点 连词because引导原因状语从句在中考单项选择中经常涉及。 ●The sky is much bluer___ we have taken action to protect the environment. A. because B. before C. until D. unless [答案] A 并列连词both……and……，not only……but also……， either……or……和neither……nor…… 1.both……and……意为 “……和……（两者）都；既……又……”，用来连接两个并列的成分（如主语，谓语，宾语等）。当其连接并列的主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Both Kate and Tom are from Class Three, Grade One.(连接主语) 凯特和汤姆都来自一年级三班。 Lucy can speak both Italian and Greek.(连接宾语) 露西会讲意大利语和希腊语。 2.not only……but (also)……意为 “不但……而且……”，与both……and……的用法几乎相同。 Han Mei not only writes but also draws very well. 韩梅不但写得好，而且画得也非常好。 3.either……or……意为 “或者……或者……；要么……要么……”。 You can either stay at home or go shopping on Sunday. 星期天你可以待在家里或者去购物。 4.neither……nor……意为 “既不……也不……”。 George can speak neither German nor Russian. 乔治既不会说德语，也不会说俄语。 （注意）当not only……but （also）……, either……or……和neither……nor……连接并列的主语时，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在人称和树上保持一致，即遵循 “就近原则”。 Not only you but also Li Lei is coming here. 不但你，而且李雷也要来这儿。 Either you or I am wrong.不但你错了，就是我错了。 Neither Lily nor Jim is a student. 莉莉和吉姆都不是学生。 ！特别提醒 as well as...短语的作用相当于表示并列关系的连词，可用来连接两个并列的主语、表语、宾语等。连接两个并列主语时，强调前者，谓语动词与as well as前面的主语一致。 它与not only...but also..意义相同，但not only.. but also...强调的是后者，连接并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语一致。如： My parents as well as my elder sister enjoy classical music. Not only my parents but also my eder sistet enjoys classical music. 我父母和我姐姐都喜欢古典音乐。 高频考点 关联连词是连词中经常考查的内容，要注意它们连接并列主语时句子的谓语动词的数。 ●______Anna_________her brother like listening to soft music. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also [答案] A ●---I hear Susan will go to Beijing by herself. ---That's true.______her father______her mother will go with her. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also [答案] C 考点详解 考点一：考察对话中either和neither 作为答句的用法。问句通常是在两者中选择一个，either做为答句表示任何一者都可以，而neither做为答句表示两者都不可以。 1. –Which movie would you like to see, Thor or Murder on the Orient Express --_____. I prefer the cartoon Coco. A. Both. B. Either C. Neither D. None 答案 C 2. –Would you like to see the film with me tonight or tomorrow -- ________ will do. It doesn’t matter to me. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Any 答案 C 考点二： 考察me neither的用法。 3. -- I have never seen such an exciting movie before. What about you, Daniel. -- ________. A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Me neither D. Neither have I 答案C 考点三： 考察了neither...nor...连接两个并列宾语和表语的情况，意味着两者都为否定，意思是既不...也不...。此外，还考察了neither...nor...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数，遵循就近原则，需与靠近的那个主语的数保持一致。 4.—My parents are crazy about Running Man. How about your parents --_______my dad _____my mum likes it. Instead, they prefer The voice of China. A.Neither;nor B.Both; and C.Either; or D.Not only; but also 答案 A 考点四： 考察and和or表示条件。(1)and可以用于祈使句+and+一般将来时的结构，在这个结构中，and表示条件，翻译成如果怎么样...(2)而or用于祈使句+or+一般将来时的结构，在这个结构中，or表示否定的条件，翻译成如果不这样的话... 5.-I didn't pass the Maths exam last time. I always feel stressed. -Work harder, _____you will make much progress. A. or B. but C. and D. however 答案 C 【小试牛刀】 【2020年 金中仙林】1. -Have you invited Dave and Erik to go hiking with us －Yes, but of them has come yet. Let's wait for them here. A. either B. both C. neither D. none 答案 B 【2020年 金中仙林】2. -Which would you prefer, orange juice or coffee - is OK, but I prefer coffee milk. A. Either, with B. Neither, with C. Either, to D. Neither, to 答案 A 【2020年 仙外】3. ---Boys and girls, no hand __________ any other tool can be used in the game, __________ you still need to make it work. Are you clear about the rules --- Yes, sir. A. and; so B. or; but C. and; but D. or; so 答案 B 【2020年 仙外】4. __________ the students __________ their teacher know much about Spud Webb, a famous basketball player from the USA. Let’s enjoy a video of him! A. Both... and ... B. Not only... but also... C. Neither... nor... D. Either... or... 答案 A 【2020年 科利华】5.---Where would you like to spend your holiday ---Kunming. It’s_______too hot_____too cold. A.neither;nor B.either;or C.not only;but also D.both;and 答案 A 【2020年 丁家庄】6. -- Did Tom’s parents go to the meeting yesterday -- Yes, _______ of them did, but ______ spoke. A. each, more B. both, more C. neither, both D. both, neither 答案 D 【2020年 丁家庄】7. Della, don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day. A. so B. or C. but D. and 答案 B 【2020年 建邺】8. Eric Jack is listening to the report carefully, because they are both interested in it very much. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also 答案 D 【2020年 玄武】9.--Would you like to join the Singing Club or the Dancing Club --Sorry, I’m interested in _____singing _____dancing. I’m good at playing chess. A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 答案 C 【2020年 秦淮】10.Think twice before you write, _____ you may fail in this difficult Maths exam. so B. or C. but D. and 即时训练： 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Cars make our life easier,________they bring environment problems. A. as B. or C. but D. so ( )2. I hate travelling by air_______you usually have to wait for hours before the plane takes off. A. because B. though C. until D. unless ( )3. The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not,_________whether you try or not. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )4. You will be late for school__________you don't get up early. A. but B. if C. and D. or ( )6. Hurry up,_______we can't catch the early bus. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )7. We missed the last bus and didn't have enough money for taxi,______we had to walk home. A. because B. for C. so D. since ( )8._________David or John may be on the team. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Not only ( )9. The baby is only one year old, so he can't speak_______write. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )10. Take this medicine,________you'll get better soon. and B. or C. but D. so ( )11.-----How does your mother like your presents for Mother’s Day -----Well, this sweater that one is fit for her. They’re too big. A.both; and B.either; or C.neither; nor D.not only; but also ( )12.-----Why do you like staying in Guiyang -----Because the weather there is too hot too cold. A.either; or B.neither; nor C. both; and D.not only; but also ( )13. -----Where are you going to stay when you get to Shanghai -----I may live in a hotel in a friend’s house. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D.not only; but also ( )14. ---I'd like you to talk about the Great Wall.（2015年宿迁） --- I'm sorry, but ________Jack_________ I have been there. A. neither; nor B. either; or C. not only; but also D. both; and ( )15.---I don’t like horror films. They’re terrible.（2017年宿迁） ---______. A. Either I do B. Neither I do C. Either do I D. Neither do I 二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。每空一词。 1.他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。 Not only________he speak English correctly,________ ________he speaks it fluently. 2.曼迪和苏珊都不喜欢这本书。 ________Mandy________Susan likes this book. 3. 史蒂芬.霍金不仅是一名伟大的科学家，而且是一位著名的作家。 Stephen Hawking was not only a great scientist________ ________a famous writer. 4.我邀请他来我的生日聚会,但他拒绝了。 I invited him to my birthday party,________he refused. 【key】 单选 1-5 CADBB 6-10 BCCBA 11-15 CBBAD 二、 1、does；but also 2、Neither；nor 3、but also 4.but 三、完形填空[2019·泰州模拟] When I was in Grade 3 in primary school, I was chosen to be the princess in a school play. I could say my lines 1 at home, but as soon as I was on the stage, every word 2 my mind. Finally, my teacher had to ask me to change my 3 . I became a narrator(解说员). I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. 4 she sensed my unhappiness and asked 5 I wanted to take a walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day. My mother bent down for some dandelions(蒲公英). “I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds,” she said. “From now on, we'll have only roses in the garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I said. “All flowers are beautiful— 6 dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower is beautiful, isn't it ” she asked. I 7 . “And the same is true of people,” she added. “Not 8 can be a princess, but it's not a shame.” She had sensed my pain. I started 9 and told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. “But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said. “The part of the narrator is as 10 as the part of the princess.” Over the next few weeks, with her encouragement, I learnt to take 11 in the role and worked hard to read over my lines. A few minutes 12 the play, I felt very nervous and then my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you,” she said, 13 me a dandelion, one of the little flowers in my garden. As soon as I saw it, I 14 and became confident. After the play, I took home the flower and pressed it 15 two sheets of paper in a dictionary. ( )1.A.slowly B.quickly C.easily D.quietly ( )2.A.went away from B.came into C.went through D.ran to ( )3.A.mind B.role C.way D.job ( )4.A.So B.And C.Or D.But ( )5.A.why B.if C.what D.when ( )6.A.even B.still C.yet D.also ( )7.A.answered B.nodded C.agreed D.shook ( )8.A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody ( )9.A.cry B.crying C.laugh D.laughing ( )10.A.necessary B.beautiful C.important D.good ( )11.A.part B.interest C.pride D.chance ( )12.A.before B.during C.after D.while ( )13.A.handed B.handing C.hand D.to hand ( )14.A.came down B.calmed down C.put down D.fell down ( )15.A.around B.among C.behind D.between 四、阅读理解 A poor farmer had a friend who was famous for the wonderful apples he grew. One day, the farmer's friend gave him a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it. The farmer was pleased with the gift, but when he got home, he did not know where to plant it. He was afraid that if he planted the tree near the road, strangers would steal the fruit. If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbours would come at night and steal some of the apples. If he planted the tree near his house, his children would take the fruit. Finally he planted the tree in his woods(树林) where no one could see it. But without sunlight and good soil, the tree soon died. Later the friend asked the farmer why he had planted the tree in such a poor place. “What's the difference ” the farmer said angrily. “If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers would have stolen the fruit. If I had planted the tree in one of my fields, my neighbours would have come at night and stolen some of the apples. If I had planted it near my house, my own children would have taken the fruit.” “Yes,” said the friend, “but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now you not only have robbed(抢夺) every one of the fruit, but also you have destroyed(摧毁) a good apple tree!” 1.What did the farmer's friend give him ( ) A.An apple. B.Some apples. C.A young tree. D.Some young trees. 2.Why didn't the farmer want to plant the tree in his field ( ) A.Because he thought strangers would steal the fruit. B.Because he thought the tree would die. C.Because he thought his children would take the fruit. D.Because he thought his neighbours would steal the fruit. 3.Where did the farmer plant the young tree ( ) A.Near the road. B.In his field. C.In his woods. D.Near the house. 4.Why did the young tree die in the end ( ) A.Because strangers pulled out the tree. B.Because his neighbours cut down the tree. C.Because his children broke the tree. D.Because there was less sunlight and poor soil. 5.What does the story tell us ( ) A.We should care about others' feelings. B.We should learn to share beautiful things. C.The young tree can provide apples for us when it grows up. D.The young tree can grow up one day. 五、任务型阅读 A On the first day of the New Year 2019, I made up my mind to go to Thailand to teach English as a volunteer. In the beginning, all I cared about was travelling and seeing the world. I didn't know how fantastic my life would be in the coming months! My journey began with attending TESOL(对外英语教学) certification(认证) course in my home state of Florida last February. After 3 weekends of study and another 40 hours' study online, I received my TESOL certificate. I was asked to contact Philip,who is the director of the programme Teach in Thailand. After discussing with Philip,I chose my school and after many months of excitement, I finally flew to Thailand in early April and I couldn't wait to explore the country! After a few weeks of single travel, I met up with Philip and the other new teachers in my programme in Bangkok. It was great to meet other people who were on the same journey as me, see some cool sights and walk in Thailand's cities! After that, I attended the week-long seminar(研讨会). At the end of the seminar, I was transported to my school—Anuban Buriram Primary School. I truly love my job—I teach Grades 5 and 6 and I have the cleverest and most active kids in the world. It's a truly fantastic thing that you can see the difference you make in someone else's life, right in front of you! Buriram is a small city with green rice fields. People here are more friendly than anyone I've ever met—I've never been anywhere where a smile is so easily received,where everyone you pass is so friendly to say “Hello” and “Good morning”. I've been taken out to countless dinners, and been lent a guitar, a camera, and I am given Thai treats and the most delicious fresh fruits many times a week. I only hope to repay them in the future. 根据上面短文的内容回答问题(每个小题答案不超过6个单词)。 1.Why did the writer decide to go to Thailand 2.What should one have to get if he wants to teach English in a foreign country 3.How did the writer go to Thailand 4.Does the writer enjoy teaching in Thailand 5.What does the writer think of Thai people B Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled along the Silk Road with his father, who wanted to trade with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing. They were guests at the Emperor's Palace. Marco was very clever and could speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends. He asked Marco to serve in his court(宫殿) and sent him to do many important jobs all over the country. Marco was amazed by how beautiful China was. He was impressed by Beijing and the Emperor's Palace, especially the Summer Palace which was described as “The greatest palace that I've ever seen”. The walls were covered with gold and silver and the hall was so big that it could easily hold 6,000 people for dinner. Marco was also attracted by the inventions and developments in China which couldn't be found in Europe at that time. Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets. In Europe people paid for goods(货物) with gold and silver. He could not understand how people paid for food and valuable things with paper! He was also puzzled by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat. The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen coal before! After he served the Emperor for 17 years, in 1291, Marco returned to Italy. He was a very wealthy man then. A writer wrote down all the stories that Marco told him in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe. People enjoyed the book, but many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true. However, Marco always stood by his tales. Just before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true ” And this was his answer, “I have only told a half what I saw!” 根据上面短文内容填空。 1.Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254, and he travelled along the with his father to trade with the Chinese at 17. 2.During his living in China, he made friends with and served in the court. He did many around China. 3.Marco was amazed by of China. And the inventions and developments in China also him. 4.In the markets in China, Marco was surprised to see that paper money to buy goods, while in Europe people paid for goods with . 5.After returning to Italy in 1291, Marco became very . A writer wrote a book called about Marco Polo's travelling experiences around the world. 【参考答案】 Ⅰ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了“我”小学三年级的一次参加学校校园剧演出,因胆小紧张说不出话,由原来的公主一角被换成解说员,而感到情绪低落。妈妈陪“我”散步并让“我”明白了一个道理:所有的花都很美丽,即使是蒲公英。在妈妈的鼓励下,“我”以角色为荣,认真准备,妈妈演出前又送了一朵蒲公英给“我”,让“我”信心满满地完成了演出任务。 1—5 CABDB 6—10 ABDBC 11—15 CABBD Ⅱ.[主旨大意] 本文通过苹果树的故事告诉我们:在生活中要学会与人分享,只有与人分享,我们才能得到人生真正的幸福和快乐。 1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“One day, the farmer's friend gave him a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it.”可知,有一天,农民的朋友给了他一棵苹果树,让他带回家种植。故选C。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbours would come at night and steal some of the apples.”可知,如果种在他的地里,邻居可能会在夜间偷走苹果。故选D。 3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Finally he planted the tree in his woods where no one could see it.”可知,最后,他将这棵树种在树林中,那里没有人会发现它。 故选C。 4.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But without sunlight and good soil, the tree soon died.”可知,缺乏阳光与沃土,树很快就枯死了。故选D。 5.B 推理判断题。 综合文章倒数第一段和第二段的内容可知,如果他将树种在路边,苹果可能会被陌生人偷走;如果种在他的农场,苹果可能会被邻居在夜间偷走;如果种在他家附近,苹果可能会被他的孩子们摘走。 但至少有人可以享受这果实,而树死了,没有人能尝到这果实的味道。这个故事告诉我们:好东西要与人分享,而不是害怕被别人盗取而扼杀它。故选B。 Ⅲ.A [主旨大意] 文章讲述了作者去泰国做志愿者老师的经历,他热爱他的学生,也深感当地人的友好并喜欢当地的美食。 1.To teach English as a volunteer. 2.A certificate of TESOL. 3.By plane/air./He flew there. 4.Yes, he does. 5.They are friendly and generous. B 1.Silk Road; the age of 2.the Emperor; important jobs 3.the beauty; attracted 4.was used; gold and silver 5.wealthy; The Description of the World 提炼学习： 连词快速检索表 序号词条用法例句 1 and用来连接两个词性相同的单词、短语或句子，表示顺承或并列。My father bought me a present, and I like it very much.连接两个含有相同主语的句子或含有相同主谓语的句子，and后可以省去相同的部分。She felt cold and afraid.句型祈使句+and+陈述句。谓语动词用一般将来时。Go along the street, and you'll find the shop. 2both…and… 两者都可用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等。谓语动词用复数。Both he and his wife enjoyed the holiday. 3not only…but also 不仅…而且连接两个相同的主谓宾表等，如果连接两个相同的主语，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。Not only the students but also the teachers have lunch at school. 4neither…nor 既不…也不连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。Neither my friends nor I like playing computer games because we think it wastes time.其反义为both…and… 5 but连接两个有转折关系的单词、短语或句子。Mexican foods were popular in the USA, but now Chinese food has more fans.连接两个含有相同主语的句子或含有相同主谓语的句子，but后可以省去相同的部分。The park is small but beautiful. 6 or表选择Which color do you like better, red or green 句型：祈使句+or+陈述句。祈使句表示一个条件，or后表示一个不理想的结果。Takes notes, or you’ll forget them.谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。Amy or John is going to tell us the story.7either…or 或者…或者表示选择，连接两个主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则。Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 8 so表示因果关系Mr. Zhang was ill, so Mr. Li took his class instead.so表示结果，because表示原因，两者不能同时出现在一个句子里。
备注：有同学总是记不住either…or, neither…nor的区别。有一个记忆方法可以参考： Neither前面的n相当于not，表示否定；nor前面的n相当于not，表示否定。
学习内容（9AU1 Grammar并列连词）
学习目标 知识与技能 通过学习，掌握并列连词的用法 过程与方法 课堂通过读写，互动，以及习题的练习提高孩子对知识点的理解度 情感态度和价值观 会灵活运用知识点，降低错误率，提高自信心 教学重难点 重点：掌握并列连词的就近原则用法 难点：学会判断并且正确的使用并列连词 回顾学习： 知识梳理： 【知识归纳】 一. 连词的分类 .. 并列句 并列连词and, but, or和so的用法 并列连词and, but, or和so分别用来表示并列关系，转折关系，选择关系或因果关系等。 1.and的用法 （1）and意为 “和，又”，可表示并列关系，常用来连接表示对等成分的单词，短语或者句子。 Our maths teacher is very kind and helpful. 我们的数学老师非常和蔼而且乐于助人。 Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. 突然,云散了,雨停了。 （2）and除了表示并列关系外，还可以表示目的和结果等关系。 Come and see my family. 来见见我的家人。（see表示目的） Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes. 仔细点儿，你犯的错误就少。（make fewer mistakes表示结果） （3）and表示条件，引导祈使句+and+一般将来时的句子。该句型结构译为：如果这样的话，就会...祈使句部分相当于一个肯定条件句。 eg:Study hard, and you can get good grades. (If you study hard, you can get good grades.) 2.but的用法 but意为 “但是”，表示转折关系，连接意思相反的成分。 Our school is very small but beautiful. 我们的学校很小但很漂亮。 高频考点 表示转折关系的连词but在中考中考查比较频繁,解题的关键在于理解两个句子之间的逻辑关系。 ●Hawking is no longer with us,______he will continue to inspire the world. A so B. if C. but D. as [答案]C 3.or的用法 （1）or意为 “或者”，表示选择关系。 Which do you like better, juice or cola 果汁和可乐，你更喜欢哪个 （2）or用于否定句中，表示 “也不”。 I can’t speak English or French. 我不会讲英语，也不会讲法语。 （3）在英语中， “祈使句+or+简单句”是一种常用句型。在该句型中，or意为 “否则”，祈使句相当于一个条件，可以和if引导的条件状语从句进行转换。 Put on your coat, or you will catch a cold.=If you don’t put on your coat, you will catch a cold. 穿上你的大衣，否则你就会感冒的。 高频考点 连词or在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中考查时，是否选用or主要取决于两个分句之间的关系。 ● ---Be quick,_______we'll fail to catch the school bus. ---Don't worry. It's only seven o'clock now. We still have enough time. A. and B. but C. or D. so [答案]C 4. so的用法 连词so意为 “因此，所以”，表示因果关系，常用来连接两个简单句。 It began to rain, so we went home. 天开始下雨了，所以我们回家了。 （注意）连词so和because不能用在同一个句子中。 He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.=He didn’t go to school because he was ill. 因为他病了，所以他没去上学。 so that作为连词词组，表示 “以便，为了” 高频考点 连词because引导原因状语从句在中考单项选择中经常涉及。 ●The sky is much bluer___ we have taken action to protect the environment. A. because B. before C. until D. unless [答案] A 并列连词both……and……，not only……but also……， either……or……和neither……nor…… 1.both……and……意为 “……和……（两者）都；既……又……”，用来连接两个并列的成分（如主语，谓语，宾语等）。当其连接并列的主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Both Kate and Tom are from Class Three, Grade One.(连接主语) 凯特和汤姆都来自一年级三班。 Lucy can speak both Italian and Greek.(连接宾语) 露西会讲意大利语和希腊语。 2.not only……but (also)……意为 “不但……而且……”，与both……and……的用法几乎相同。 Han Mei not only writes but also draws very well. 韩梅不但写得好，而且画得也非常好。 3.either……or……意为 “或者……或者……；要么……要么……”。 You can either stay at home or go shopping on Sunday. 星期天你可以待在家里或者去购物。 4.neither……nor……意为 “既不……也不……”。 George can speak neither German nor Russian. 乔治既不会说德语，也不会说俄语。 （注意）当not only……but （also）……, either……or……和neither……nor……连接并列的主语时，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在人称和树上保持一致，即遵循 “就近原则”。 Not only you but also Li Lei is coming here. 不但你，而且李雷也要来这儿。 Either you or I am wrong.不但你错了，就是我错了。 Neither Lily nor Jim is a student. 莉莉和吉姆都不是学生。 ！特别提醒 as well as...短语的作用相当于表示并列关系的连词，可用来连接两个并列的主语、表语、宾语等。连接两个并列主语时，强调前者，谓语动词与as well as前面的主语一致。 它与not only...but also..意义相同，但not only.. but also...强调的是后者，连接并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语一致。如： My parents as well as my elder sister enjoy classical music. Not only my parents but also my eder sistet enjoys classical music. 我父母和我姐姐都喜欢古典音乐。 高频考点 关联连词是连词中经常考查的内容，要注意它们连接并列主语时句子的谓语动词的数。 ●______Anna_________her brother like listening to soft music. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also [答案] A ●---I hear Susan will go to Beijing by herself. ---That's true.______her father______her mother will go with her. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also [答案] C 考点详解 考点一：考察对话中either和neither 作为答句的用法。问句通常是在两者中选择一个，either做为答句表示任何一者都可以，而neither做为答句表示两者都不可以。 1. –Which movie would you like to see, Thor or Murder on the Orient Express --_____. I prefer the cartoon Coco. A. Both. B. Either C. Neither D. None 答案 C 2. –Would you like to see the film with me tonight or tomorrow -- ________ will do. It doesn’t matter to me. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Any 答案 C 考点二： 考察me neither的用法。 3. -- I have never seen such an exciting movie before. What about you, Daniel. -- ________. A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Me neither D. Neither have I 答案C 考点三： 考察了neither...nor...连接两个并列宾语和表语的情况，意味着两者都为否定，意思是既不...也不...。此外，还考察了neither...nor...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数，遵循就近原则，需与靠近的那个主语的数保持一致。 4.—My parents are crazy about Running Man. How about your parents --_______my dad _____my mum likes it. Instead, they prefer The voice of China. A.Neither;nor B.Both; and C.Either; or D.Not only; but also 答案 A 考点四： 考察and和or表示条件。(1)and可以用于祈使句+and+一般将来时的结构，在这个结构中，and表示条件，翻译成如果怎么样...(2)而or用于祈使句+or+一般将来时的结构，在这个结构中，or表示否定的条件，翻译成如果不这样的话... 5.-I didn't pass the Maths exam last time. I always feel stressed. -Work harder, _____you will make much progress. A. or B. but C. and D. however 答案 C 【小试牛刀】 【2020年 金中仙林】1. -Have you invited Dave and Erik to go hiking with us －Yes, but of them has come yet. Let's wait for them here. A. either B. both C. neither D. none 答案 B 【2020年 金中仙林】2. -Which would you prefer, orange juice or coffee - is OK, but I prefer coffee milk. A. Either, with B. Neither, with C. Either, to D. Neither, to 答案 A 【2020年 仙外】3. ---Boys and girls, no hand __________ any other tool can be used in the game, __________ you still need to make it work. Are you clear about the rules --- Yes, sir. A. and; so B. or; but C. and; but D. or; so 答案 B 【2020年 仙外】4. __________ the students __________ their teacher know much about Spud Webb, a famous basketball player from the USA. Let’s enjoy a video of him! A. Both... and ... B. Not only... but also... C. Neither... nor... D. Either... or... 答案 A 【2020年 科利华】5.---Where would you like to spend your holiday ---Kunming. It’s_______too hot_____too cold. A.neither;nor B.either;or C.not only;but also D.both;and 答案 A 【2020年 丁家庄】6. -- Did Tom’s parents go to the meeting yesterday -- Yes, _______ of them did, but ______ spoke. A. each, more B. both, more C. neither, both D. both, neither 答案 D 【2020年 丁家庄】7. Della, don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day. A. so B. or C. but D. and 答案 B 【2020年 建邺】8. Eric Jack is listening to the report carefully, because they are both interested in it very much. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also 答案 D 【2020年 玄武】9.--Would you like to join the Singing Club or the Dancing Club --Sorry, I’m interested in _____singing _____dancing. I’m good at playing chess. A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 答案 C 【2020年 秦淮】10.Think twice before you write, _____ you may fail in this difficult Maths exam. so B. or C. but D. and 即时训练： 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Cars make our life easier,________they bring environment problems. A. as B. or C. but D. so ( )2. I hate travelling by air_______you usually have to wait for hours before the plane takes off. A. because B. though C. until D. unless ( )3. The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not,_________whether you try or not. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )4. You will be late for school__________you don't get up early. A. but B. if C. and D. or ( )6. Hurry up,_______we can't catch the early bus. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )7. We missed the last bus and didn't have enough money for taxi,______we had to walk home. A. because B. for C. so D. since ( )8._________David or John may be on the team. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. Not only ( )9. The baby is only one year old, so he can't speak_______write. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )10. Take this medicine,________you'll get better soon. and B. or C. but D. so ( )11.-----How does your mother like your presents for Mother’s Day -----Well, this sweater that one is fit for her. They’re too big. A.both; and B.either; or C.neither; nor D.not only; but also ( )12.-----Why do you like staying in Guiyang -----Because the weather there is too hot too cold. A.either; or B.neither; nor C. both; and D.not only; but also ( )13. -----Where are you going to stay when you get to Shanghai -----I may live in a hotel in a friend’s house. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D.not only; but also ( )14. ---I'd like you to talk about the Great Wall.（2015年宿迁） --- I'm sorry, but ________Jack_________ I have been there. A. neither; nor B. either; or C. not only; but also D. both; and ( )15.---I don’t like horror films. They’re terrible.（2017年宿迁） ---______. A. Either I do B. Neither I do C. Either do I D. Neither do I 二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。每空一词。 1.他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。 Not only________he speak English correctly,________ ________he speaks it fluently. 2.曼迪和苏珊都不喜欢这本书。 ________Mandy________Susan likes this book. 3. 史蒂芬.霍金不仅是一名伟大的科学家，而且是一位著名的作家。 Stephen Hawking was not only a great scientist________ ________a famous writer. 4.我邀请他来我的生日聚会,但他拒绝了。 I invited him to my birthday party,________he refused. 【key】 单选 1-5 CADBB 6-10 BCCBA 11-15 CBBAD 二、 1、does；but also 2、Neither；nor 3、but also 4.but 三、完形填空[2019·泰州模拟] When I was in Grade 3 in primary school, I was chosen to be the princess in a school play. I could say my lines 1 at home, but as soon as I was on the stage, every word 2 my mind. Finally, my teacher had to ask me to change my 3 . I became a narrator(解说员). I didn't tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. 4 she sensed my unhappiness and asked 5 I wanted to take a walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day. My mother bent down for some dandelions(蒲公英). “I think I'm going to dig up all these weeds,” she said. “From now on, we'll have only roses in the garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I said. “All flowers are beautiful— 6 dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower is beautiful, isn't it ” she asked. I 7 . “And the same is true of people,” she added. “Not 8 can be a princess, but it's not a shame.” She had sensed my pain. I started 9 and told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. “But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said. “The part of the narrator is as 10 as the part of the princess.” Over the next few weeks, with her encouragement, I learnt to take 11 in the role and worked hard to read over my lines. A few minutes 12 the play, I felt very nervous and then my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you,” she said, 13 me a dandelion, one of the little flowers in my garden. As soon as I saw it, I 14 and became confident. After the play, I took home the flower and pressed it 15 two sheets of paper in a dictionary. ( )1.A.slowly B.quickly C.easily D.quietly ( )2.A.went away from B.came into C.went through D.ran to ( )3.A.mind B.role C.way D.job ( )4.A.So B.And C.Or D.But ( )5.A.why B.if C.what D.when ( )6.A.even B.still C.yet D.also ( )7.A.answered B.nodded C.agreed D.shook ( )8.A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody ( )9.A.cry B.crying C.laugh D.laughing ( )10.A.necessary B.beautiful C.important D.good ( )11.A.part B.interest C.pride D.chance ( )12.A.before B.during C.after D.while ( )13.A.handed B.handing C.hand D.to hand ( )14.A.came down B.calmed down C.put down D.fell down ( )15.A.around B.among C.behind D.between 四、阅读理解 A poor farmer had a friend who was famous for the wonderful apples he grew. One day, the farmer's friend gave him a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it. The farmer was pleased with the gift, but when he got home, he did not know where to plant it. He was afraid that if he planted the tree near the road, strangers would steal the fruit. If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbours would come at night and steal some of the apples. If he planted the tree near his house, his children would take the fruit. Finally he planted the tree in his woods(树林) where no one could see it. But without sunlight and good soil, the tree soon died. Later the friend asked the farmer why he had planted the tree in such a poor place. “What's the difference ” the farmer said angrily. “If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers would have stolen the fruit. If I had planted the tree in one of my fields, my neighbours would have come at night and stolen some of the apples. If I had planted it near my house, my own children would have taken the fruit.” “Yes,” said the friend, “but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now you not only have robbed(抢夺) every one of the fruit, but also you have destroyed(摧毁) a good apple tree!” 1.What did the farmer's friend give him ( ) A.An apple. B.Some apples. C.A young tree. D.Some young trees. 2.Why didn't the farmer want to plant the tree in his field ( ) A.Because he thought strangers would steal the fruit. B.Because he thought the tree would die. C.Because he thought his children would take the fruit. D.Because he thought his neighbours would steal the fruit. 3.Where did the farmer plant the young tree ( ) A.Near the road. B.In his field. C.In his woods. D.Near the house. 4.Why did the young tree die in the end ( ) A.Because strangers pulled out the tree. B.Because his neighbours cut down the tree. C.Because his children broke the tree. D.Because there was less sunlight and poor soil. 5.What does the story tell us ( ) A.We should care about others' feelings. B.We should learn to share beautiful things. C.The young tree can provide apples for us when it grows up. D.The young tree can grow up one day. 五、任务型阅读 A On the first day of the New Year 2019, I made up my mind to go to Thailand to teach English as a volunteer. In the beginning, all I cared about was travelling and seeing the world. I didn't know how fantastic my life would be in the coming months! My journey began with attending TESOL(对外英语教学) certification(认证) course in my home state of Florida last February. After 3 weekends of study and another 40 hours' study online, I received my TESOL certificate. I was asked to contact Philip,who is the director of the programme Teach in Thailand. After discussing with Philip,I chose my school and after many months of excitement, I finally flew to Thailand in early April and I couldn't wait to explore the country! After a few weeks of single travel, I met up with Philip and the other new teachers in my programme in Bangkok. It was great to meet other people who were on the same journey as me, see some cool sights and walk in Thailand's cities! After that, I attended the week-long seminar(研讨会). At the end of the seminar, I was transported to my school—Anuban Buriram Primary School. I truly love my job—I teach Grades 5 and 6 and I have the cleverest and most active kids in the world. It's a truly fantastic thing that you can see the difference you make in someone else's life, right in front of you! Buriram is a small city with green rice fields. People here are more friendly than anyone I've ever met—I've never been anywhere where a smile is so easily received,where everyone you pass is so friendly to say “Hello” and “Good morning”. I've been taken out to countless dinners, and been lent a guitar, a camera, and I am given Thai treats and the most delicious fresh fruits many times a week. I only hope to repay them in the future. 根据上面短文的内容回答问题(每个小题答案不超过6个单词)。 1.Why did the writer decide to go to Thailand 2.What should one have to get if he wants to teach English in a foreign country 3.How did the writer go to Thailand 4.Does the writer enjoy teaching in Thailand 5.What does the writer think of Thai people B Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled along the Silk Road with his father, who wanted to trade with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing. They were guests at the Emperor's Palace. Marco was very clever and could speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends. He asked Marco to serve in his court(宫殿) and sent him to do many important jobs all over the country. Marco was amazed by how beautiful China was. He was impressed by Beijing and the Emperor's Palace, especially the Summer Palace which was described as “The greatest palace that I've ever seen”. The walls were covered with gold and silver and the hall was so big that it could easily hold 6,000 people for dinner. Marco was also attracted by the inventions and developments in China which couldn't be found in Europe at that time. Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets. In Europe people paid for goods(货物) with gold and silver. He could not understand how people paid for food and valuable things with paper! He was also puzzled by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat. The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen coal before! After he served the Emperor for 17 years, in 1291, Marco returned to Italy. He was a very wealthy man then. A writer wrote down all the stories that Marco told him in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe. People enjoyed the book, but many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true. However, Marco always stood by his tales. Just before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true ” And this was his answer, “I have only told a half what I saw!” 根据上面短文内容填空。 1.Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254, and he travelled along the with his father to trade with the Chinese at 17. 2.During his living in China, he made friends with and served in the court. He did many around China. 3.Marco was amazed by of China. And the inventions and developments in China also him. 4.In the markets in China, Marco was surprised to see that paper money to buy goods, while in Europe people paid for goods with . 5.After returning to Italy in 1291, Marco became very . A writer wrote a book called about Marco Polo's travelling experiences around the world. 【参考答案】 Ⅰ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了“我”小学三年级的一次参加学校校园剧演出,因胆小紧张说不出话,由原来的公主一角被换成解说员,而感到情绪低落。妈妈陪“我”散步并让“我”明白了一个道理:所有的花都很美丽,即使是蒲公英。在妈妈的鼓励下,“我”以角色为荣,认真准备,妈妈演出前又送了一朵蒲公英给“我”,让“我”信心满满地完成了演出任务。 1—5 CABDB 6—10 ABDBC 11—15 CABBD Ⅱ.[主旨大意] 本文通过苹果树的故事告诉我们:在生活中要学会与人分享,只有与人分享,我们才能得到人生真正的幸福和快乐。 1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“One day, the farmer's friend gave him a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it.”可知,有一天,农民的朋友给了他一棵苹果树,让他带回家种植。故选C。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“If he planted the tree in one of his fields, his neighbours would come at night and steal some of the apples.”可知,如果种在他的地里,邻居可能会在夜间偷走苹果。故选D。 3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Finally he planted the tree in his woods where no one could see it.”可知,最后,他将这棵树种在树林中,那里没有人会发现它。 故选C。 4.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But without sunlight and good soil, the tree soon died.”可知,缺乏阳光与沃土,树很快就枯死了。故选D。 5.B 推理判断题。 综合文章倒数第一段和第二段的内容可知,如果他将树种在路边,苹果可能会被陌生人偷走;如果种在他的农场,苹果可能会被邻居在夜间偷走;如果种在他家附近,苹果可能会被他的孩子们摘走。 但至少有人可以享受这果实,而树死了,没有人能尝到这果实的味道。这个故事告诉我们:好东西要与人分享,而不是害怕被别人盗取而扼杀它。故选B。 Ⅲ.A [主旨大意] 文章讲述了作者去泰国做志愿者老师的经历,他热爱他的学生,也深感当地人的友好并喜欢当地的美食。 1.To teach English as a volunteer. 2.A certificate of TESOL. 3.By plane/air./He flew there. 4.Yes, he does. 5.They are friendly and generous. B 1.Silk Road; the age of 2.the Emperor; important jobs 3.the beauty; attracted 4.was used; gold and silver 5.wealthy; The Description of the World 提炼学习： 连词快速检索表 序号词条用法例句 1 and用来连接两个词性相同的单词、短语或句子，表示顺承或并列。My father bought me a present, and I like it very much.连接两个含有相同主语的句子或含有相同主谓语的句子，and后可以省去相同的部分。She felt cold and afraid.句型祈使句+and+陈述句。谓语动词用一般将来时。Go along the street, and you'll find the shop. 2both…and… 两者都可用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等。谓语动词用复数。Both he and his wife enjoyed the holiday. 3not only…but also 不仅…而且连接两个相同的主谓宾表等，如果连接两个相同的主语，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。Not only the students but also the teachers have lunch at school. 4neither…nor 既不…也不连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。Neither my friends nor I like playing computer games because we think it wastes time.其反义为both…and… 5 but连接两个有转折关系的单词、短语或句子。Mexican foods were popular in the USA, but now Chinese food has more fans.连接两个含有相同主语的句子或含有相同主谓语的句子，but后可以省去相同的部分。The park is small but beautiful. 6 or表选择Which color do you like better, red or green 句型：祈使句+or+陈述句。祈使句表示一个条件，or后表示一个不理想的结果。Takes notes, or you’ll forget them.谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。Amy or John is going to tell us the story.7either…or 或者…或者表示选择，连接两个主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则。Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 8 so表示因果关系Mr. Zhang was ill, so Mr. Li took his class instead.so表示结果，because表示原因，两者不能同时出现在一个句子里。
备注：有同学总是记不住either…or, neither…nor的区别。有一个记忆方法可以参考： Neither前面的n相当于not，表示否定；nor前面的n相当于not，表示否定。