Unit 2 Success B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版(2019)选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间:90分钟
满分:120分
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
It's the First Day of Kindergarten, Chloe Zoe!
Chloe Zoe is starting kindergarten! Full days of school for a full week. Chloe Zoe has a new backpack and matching lunch box and is so excited to see her best friends Mary Margaret and George. On the first day of school, Chloe Zoe discovers Mary Margaret is in a different kindergarten class. Will kindergarten be any fun without her best friend
It's the First Day of Kindergarten, Chloe Zoe! by Jane Smith
Publication Date: July 1, 2016
Types: Children's Fiction
Hardcover: 32 pages
Publisher: Albert Whitman & Company
ISBN-10: 0807524581
ISBN-13: 9780807524589
Biography
Jane Smith earned her BFA in picture from Columbus College of Art & Design. Upon graduation, she worked as an art director for a children's novelty book publisher in Los Angeles. Jane currently creates artwork for a variety of publishing and licensing clients(委托客户) at her beach house in California, where she lives with her husband and daughter.
1.Who is the writer of the book
A.Chloe Zoe. B.Mary Margaret. C.George. D.Jane Smith.
2.How many pages are there in this book
A.32. B.81. C.89. D.73.
3.What did the author become upon graduation
A.A scientist. B.An art director. C.A publisher. D.A painter.
B
Theodore Roosevelt was one of America's most physically fit presidents. "While in the White House I always tried to get a couple of hours' exercise in the afternoons—sometimes tennis, more often riding, or else a cross-country walk," he wrote. The president believed "the energetic life", as he called it, helped him to be a better person and a better president.
The president's love for the energetic life began when he was a boy growing up in New York City in the 1860s. He was a sickly child and often ill. "Nobody seemed to think I would live," Roosevelt recalled.
Encouraged by his father, Roosevelt began lifting weights when he was 12 years old. The next year, Roosevelt's mother took him to a gym for boxing(拳击) lessons. He described himself as "a painfully slow and awkward pupil". But even though he had little ability, Roosevelt always showed a lot of interest in sports. He worked hard at exercising his body.
Roosevelt stood 5 feet 8 inches tall and weighed 124 pounds as a freshman at Harvard College. A classmate described him as "a youth in the kindergarten stage of development". Yet Roosevelt continued boxing, and in his junior year, he competed in Harvard's annual boxing championship. He finished in second place.
Roosevelt entered politics after college. In 1901,42-year-old Roosevelt became the youngest president ever. And just because he was a world leader, he saw no reason to give up energetic or risky sports.
The president invited young military officers to the White House to box and wrestle (摔跤). In one boxing match, Roosevelt's opponent(对手) hit him in the left eye, causing an injury that eventually blinded that eye. He kept the injury secret for many years.
1.Roosevelt's parents encouraged him to do exercise in order to ____________.
A.change his bad habits B.discover his athletic ability
C.strengthen his weak body D.build his strong character
2.What does the underlined word "awkward" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Stupid. B.Nervous. C.Careful. D.Unpopular.
3.What Roosevelt's college classmate described showed Roosevelt was very _______________.
A.strong B.smart C.lazy D.small
4.After Roosevelt became the president of the US, ______________.
A.he preferred doing exercise in the mornings
B.he had less time to keep fit in the White House
C.few people knew he lost the sight of his left eye
D.he taught many officers how to box and wrestle
C
If asked whether space exploration (探索) should continue, most Americans would give an immediate response either in favour of continuing or in favour of ending space exploration. A common response would be that space exploration is a waste of money. An average American, uneducated on the subject, might believe that the government is wasting billions of dollars on the research that has no value. Someone ignorant of the subject might say that a space shuttle goes up once in a while and that is about all that happens. Research is ongoing and continues when there are no shuttles being launched. This also costs the government money. Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense
One argument is that the government is wasting money on the research not being used on Earth. Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists that support National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions, and goes to major companies that play important roles in major sectors of the US economy. Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry.
Another benefit of continuing space exploration is the many spinoff technologies (衍生技术) it provides. The artificial heart resulted from experiments on the space shuttle. The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents originated from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets. Insulation in homes that keeps them warm and energy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate the space shuttle.
There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions as well as spinoff technologies. These advances are found in food, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles we drive. While it can be proven that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits it provides outweigh the negative aspects. As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives.
1.How is paragraph 2 mainly developed
A.By listing data.
B.By offering analyses.
C.By giving some examples.
D.By presenting research findings.
2.What is the function of Jaws of Life
A.To save people from traffic accidents.
B.To do experiments on the space shuttle.
C.To keep houses warm and energy efficient.
D.To separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets.
3.What does the author think of space exploration
A.It has changed our life completely.
B.It costs too much money.
C.It has nothing to do with us.
D.It benefits us in many ways.
4.What would be the best title for the text
A.Benefits of Space Exploration
B.Is Space Exploration Worth the Cost
C.How to Make Space Exploration Affordable
D.Missions of the NASA Space Shuttle Programme
D
Rainbow-coloured rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with an unusual recycling (回收利用) system. Like many cities in Sweden, Eskilstuna has an excellent recycling record. It met the EU's 2020 target of recycling 50% of waste many years ago.
Almost everyone who lives here follows strict recycling rules at home. People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.
The reason for this becomes clear at the city's recycling plant. The bags arrive all mixed up because they're collected altogether, once two weeks from outside people's houses. But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can choose the bags and separate them without difficulty. The food waste in green bags is processed on site into mud to make biogas, which powers the city's buses. One of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there is less cross-pollution, so more of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things.
Like the rest of Sweden, Eskilstuna is devoted to sending zero waste from its citizens to landfill. Waste that cannot be recycled is burnt at a local plant to generate electricity. This reduces dependence on fossil fuels like coal and oil, but does create greenhouse gases.
As countries around the world try to improve their recycling system, some may look to Eskilstuna as an example to follow—as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy sorting rubbish at home.
1.Why are bright colours used in Eskilstuna's recycling system
A.To reach the target of recycling 50% of waste.
B.To reduce the citizens' burden of sorting rubbish.
C.To make rubbish easy to separate and recycle.
D.To collect different kinds of rubbish separately.
2.How is the rubbish that cannot be recycled dealt with
A.It is used to produce electricity.
B.It is sent directly to landfill and buried there.
C.It is processed at once to make biogas.
D.It is mixed with other waste to make new things.
3.If other countries want to recycle waste like Eskilstuna, what should they do first
A.Persuade citizens to use as few fossil fuels as possible.
B.Not create greenhouse gases unless necessary.
C.Use the bright colour code to sort the rubbish.
D.Talk people into sorting household waste properly.
4.Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A magazine. C. A novel. D. A guidebook.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What do you want to be when you grow up ①_________ When you were asked the question, did you have an answer at the ready, or did you need a few minutes to think about it We all have dreams of becoming someone great, like a fireman, a teacher, or a rock star. Well, how did you do Maybe you never desired to be what you set out to be or said that you would become. ②_________ As we get older, our tastes change, our views on the world change, and even our goals change.
One of the most important lessons I've learnt on my career path is to do something you love to do. I feel that if you enjoy what you make a living at, you end up being happy in more ways than one. ③_________ While no job or business is perfect, the important thing is to enjoy it, or learn from it. If you are unhappy in your current situation, why not take steps now to change it ④_________ If you are already there, I applaud(鼓掌) you. If not, realise that it may take some time to figure out what you really want to do, and even more time to actually get there. That's all right! I can tell you from experience that finding and doing what you love is absolutely worth it. All of the research, training, and hands-on experiences have made me a stronger and happier person.
⑤_________ You'll be happier for it. Trust me. I promise you will never look back.
A. But then again, things change.
B. Do what you love and love what you do.
C. Life itself becomes much more interesting and fun.
D. Perhaps you've been asked the question for several times.
E. You must have met with such a situation as a little child.
F. Maybe you will find that the new job is more suitable for you.
G. There is a job or a business that is perfect for you somewhere out there.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Andrea Silvera is always good at taking handwritten and detailed lecture notes. She had never 1 she could make money with the skill until she was introduced to a(n) 2 . OneClass provides course notes and study guides 3 by excellent students for college students around the nation.
"I accidentally saw an article published by OneClass about difficult class," Silvera says. "There was a 4 to become a note-taker and I tried. After I offered my notes and my trial period (试用期) was over, I was 5 ." What is surprising, Silvera says, is the 6 of views her notes receive. "In a class of 300, over 100 students usually view my notes. To get responses from a third of the class is 7 , which makes me feel needed."
The founders of OneClass began the site 8 to help other students. But unexpectedly, it gained fame and wealth. 90 percent of students who had used OneClass notes got better grades as a result, and 68 percent of note-takers also saw great 9 in their studies. But note-takers don't just take the job for 10 benefits. Silvera has made $1,500 in just a year of note-taking for OneClass. My notes are not just handwritten," she said, "I include many extra explanations that the 11 gives in the notes."
Silvera finds that working her way through college as a note-taker has been 12 . However, she said she needed to 13 other students who might be interested in taking the job: "If you want to do this, you have to put in the time and actually 14 the classes. And you can't trust that someone else's notes are going to be 15 because nobody can meet your every need—you need to take them by yourself."
1.A.saw B.puzzled C.heard D.thought
2.A.organisation B.company C.newspaper D.website
3.A.read B.typed C.written D.sent
4.A.plan B.chance C.dream D.way
5.A.employed B.impressed C.touched D.refused
6.A.number B.quality C.speed D.strength
7.A.terrifying B.tiring C.amazing D.relaxing
8.A.simply B.equally C.nearly D.slightly
9.A.trouble B.progress C.difference D.experience
10.A.social B.educational C.environmental D.personal
11.A.friend B.president C.professor D.partner
12.A.welcome B.challenging C.moving D.meaningful
13.A.correct B.admire C.remind D.order
14.A.attend B.teach C.review D.enjoy
15.A.brief B.perfect C.useless D.direct
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last week, our school ①____________(hold) a basketball match against another school. Near the end of the match, they only had an advantage over us. When our captain got the ball, one of them pretended ②____________(knock) down by him. Upon seeing that, our captain tried to help him up, but the match was over and they won. We lost the game. ③____________, we were all satisfied with the result because we went all out.
From this match, I learn that being ④____________ winner doesn't mean gaining while a loser doesn't mean ⑤____________(lose) everything. What really counts ⑥____________(be) the spirit, not the result. As long as we try ⑦____________(we) best, there is no need in regretting. In reality, a true loser is even more precious than a false winner. Without that match, I ⑧____________ have learnt the importance of spirit.
To sum up, a true winner is to a match what water is to a fish. It is not the result but the process ⑨____________ matters. Life without spirit is like sailing without a compass, so be a true winner and you will find its ⑩____________(important).
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,正在伦敦学习,请给你经济学课程的教授Hanes写一封询问信,咨询这门课的作业要求和格式(format)。
注意:
1. 写作字数为80左右;
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, "Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous future "
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, "Should I tell him my true thoughts What if he gets angry What if I let him down " Later I replied, "Well, I want to be a writer."
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, "Interesting idea!" he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
"Are you serious, Dad "
"Well, you need confidence and good reparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it's late. Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more."
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coast. We didn't talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. "Let's see if we get lucky," he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, and then my father stood up and said, "Give me a hand with this," and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck.
To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, "Look at that crab, there!" ___________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. _________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案:1-3.DAB
解析:1.细节理解题。根据文章中的"It's Day of Kindergarten, Chloe Zoe! by Jane Smith 可知,这本书的作者是Jane Smith。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据文章中的"Hardcover: 32 Pages(精装本:32页)"可知,这本书有32页。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的"Upon graduation, she worked as an art director for a children's novelty book publisher in Los Angeles."可知,毕业后她的工作是艺术指导。故选B。
B
答案:1-4.CADC
解析:1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的"He was a sickly child and often ill. 'Nobody seemed to think I would live,' Roosevelt recalled.(他是个多病的孩子,经常生病。‘似乎没人认为我能活下来,'罗斯福回忆道。)"以及第三段第一句"Encouraged by his father, Roosevelt began lifting weights when he was 12 years old.(在父亲的鼓励下,罗斯福在12岁时开始举重。)"可知, Roosevelt的父母鼓励他通过运动来增强体质。故选C。
2.词义猜测题。根据"He described himself as 'a painfully slow and awkward pupil'."可知,他形容自己是"一个极其迟钝且笨拙的学生"。and连接两个并列成分,所以可推测出画线单词的意思为 "笨拙的"。stupid愚蠢的,笨拙的;nervous紧张的;careful小心的;unpopular不受欢迎的。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的"A classmate described him as 'a youth in the kindergarten stage of development'."可知,同学对他的描述是,发育得像是幼儿园的小朋友,这说明他身材矮小。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的"He kept the injury secret for many years."可知,他把受伤这件事隐瞒了很多年,所以几乎没有几个人知道。故选C。
C
答案:1-4 BADB
解析:1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists 和goes to major companies that play important roles 可知,事实上,钱花在了工作人员和科学家以及在美国经济中起重要作用的公司身上。这是给出的分析说明。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents originated from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets.可知,救生颚的作用是挽救出车祸的人。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Another benefit of continuing space exploration is the many spinoff technologies it provides.及最后一段内容可知,作者认为太空探索好处多多。故选D。
4.主旨大意题。文章第一段提出问题 Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense?,文章最后回答As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives.,由此可知,本文是在讨论用于太空探索的钱花得值不值。故选B。
D
答案:1-4 CADB
解析:1.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The reason for this...recycling plant.和第三句But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can choose the bags and separate them without difficulty.可知,使用色彩鲜艳的垃圾袋主要是便于垃圾回收厂进行垃圾分类。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句Waste that cannot be recycled is burnt at a local plant to generate electricity.可知,不能回收的废弃物会在当地发电厂焚烧发电。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知,其他国家若想效仿埃斯基尔斯蒂纳的做法,首先要说服市民在家里对垃圾进行分类。故选D。
4.推理判断题。这是一篇介绍瑞典城市埃斯基尔斯蒂纳独具特色的"彩虹色"垃圾回收体系的文章,所以最有可能出自杂志。故选B。
第二节
答案:DACGB
解析:本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么要做自己喜欢的事以及怎样做自己喜欢的事。
①设空处前一句What do you want to be when you grow up 是一个问题,根据设空处后一句When you were asked the question可知,你会被问及这个问题,D项"或许你已经被问过这个问题好几次了"承上启下,选项中的question就指代上一句的问题。故选D。
②根据下文As we get older, our tastes change, our views on the world change, and even our goals change.可知,随着我们长大,我们的喜好也变了,我们看待事物的观点,甚至目标也会改变。由此可知,事物都会变化。A项符合语境。change是关键词。故选A。
③根据上文I feel that if you enjoy what you make a living at, you end up being happy in more ways than one.可知,如果你喜欢你谋生的方式,你最终会在很多方面都感到幸福。C项"生活本身就会变得有趣得多"符合语境,前一句中的happy和C项中的much more interesting和fun相呼应。故选C。
④根据上文If you are unhappy in your current situation, why not take steps now to change it 可知,作者建议如果对现在的状况不满意,可以立刻采取措施做出改变,即另寻工作。G项"总有那么一份工作或者一家企业是最适合你的"为此提供了理由。故选G。
⑤根据下文You'll be happier for it.知,你会因此而更加快乐,代词it指代让自己快乐的事。B项"做你所热爱的并热爱你所做的"符合语境,引出下文。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案:1-5.DDCBA; 6-10.ACABB; 11-15.CDCAB
解析:1.结合空后的could make money with the skill until she was introduced to a(n)_______可知,此处指西尔韦拉从未"想过"自己可以用这项技能赚钱。故thought符合语境。故选D。
2.根据第三段中The founders of OneClass began the site 可知,这是一个网站(website)。故选D。
3.根据文章第一句中的taking handwritten and detailed lecture notes和空前的course notes and study guides可知,OneClass网站为全国大学生提供由优秀学生撰写(written)的课程笔记和学习指南。故选C。
4.根据前文中的"I accidentally saw an article published by OneClass about difficult class," Silvera says.和空后的to become a note-taker and I tried可知,西尔韦拉偶然看到网站上发表的文章,知道有机会(chance)成为一个记笔记的人,并进行了尝试,a chance to do sth为固定搭配,意为"做某事的机会",与后面的I tried相呼应。故chance符合语境。故选B。
5.根据空前的my trial period was over以及后一句中提到西尔韦拉笔记的浏览量可推知,她被公司雇用(employed)了。故选A。
6.根据后一句中的数字300和100可知,西尔韦拉惊讶的是她的笔记被浏览的数量(number)。the number of为固定搭配,意为 "……的数量"。故选A。
7.根据空后的which makes me feel needed可知,得到班级中三分之一学生的响应让西尔韦拉感觉难以相信,amazing符合语境。故选C。
8.根据后一句中的unexpectedly可推断,创办者起初"只是"想帮助其他学生。故simply符合语境。故选A。
9.结合空前的90 percent of students who had used OneClass notes got better grades可知,使用过OneClass笔记的学生中有90%的人取得了更好的成绩,这是在说明OneClass笔记给学生带来的好处,此处的also说明68%的记笔记的学生在学习上也取得了很大的进步(progress)。better grades和progress相呼应。故选B。
10.根据前一句中的 in their studies 和后一句Silvera has made $1,500可知,此处指记笔记的人不仅在教育方面获得了好处。studies和educational相呼应。故选B。
11.根据常识可知,学习笔记中额外的解释应该是教授 (professor)给出的,学生听完教授给出的解释之后将其记在笔记上。故选C。
12.根据上一段可知,写笔记不仅能让自己和他人的成绩提高, 还能挣钱,所以对西尔韦拉来说,这应该是很有意义的 (meaningful)。故选D。
13.根据空后的other students以及后文西尔韦拉所说的话是给他人的建议可知,此处表示她要提醒(remind)其他想做这个工作的学生。故选C。
14.根据后一句中的can't trust that someone else's notes可知,不能完全相信别人的笔记,要想真正做好笔记,还得自己亲自去课堂听课。attend the class为固定搭配,意为"上课"。故选A。
15.根据空后的nobody can meet your every need可推断,他人的笔记不是完美无缺的(perfect)。故选B。
第二节
答案:held; to be knocked; However; a; losing; is; our; can't/couldn't/wouldn't; that; importance
解析:①根据时间状语"Last week"可知,本句应用一般过去时。故填held。
②pretend to do 表示"假装做某事"。one of them与knock into之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。故填to be knocked。
③前后是转折关系,空后有逗号。故填However。
④winner是可数名词,此处用不定冠词表示泛指,且winner以辅音音素开头。故填a。
⑤mean表示"意味着"时,后面接动词-ing 形式作宾语。故填losing。
⑥本句陈述的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时,主语为主语从句,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
⑦try one's best是固定短语,表示"尽某人的最大的努力"。本句的主语是we。故填our。
⑧根据句意可知,此处表示"不可能"也可把Without引导的短语理解成一个虚拟条件句,表示对现在情况的虚拟用could/ would (not) + do。故填 can't/couldn't/wouldn't。
⑨考查强调句型。重要的是过程而不是结果。分析句子结构中可知,此处为强调句型,其基本结构为:it is +被强调部分+ that +其余部分,本句强调的是主语。故填that。
⑩空格处的单词作动词find的宾语,应用名词。故填importance。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案:
Dear Professor Hanes,
Hope this email finds you well. My name is Li Hua and I am a student of your Economic course. I am writing to enquire about the requirement of the assignment you gave us last Friday. I am still not sure about the format. Could you tell me if there is one fixed referencing style for this course or I can use the one I am familiar with Also, are there any requirements for the file format
Looking forward to your answer!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节
答案:
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, "Look at that crab, there!" Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and held on to it.
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to schoolwork, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literary journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
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