北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 Conservation B卷 能力提升单元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 3 Conservation B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Four apps to keep your life on track
From simple task scheduling to detailed task management, all these apps offer everything you need for efficient task recording.
Focuster
With Focuster, you just need to add all your tasks and the tool will arrange them immediately in order of importance. After adding all the tasks, just press the Now button and the tool will show the tasks you should be focusing on for the day.
TeuxDeux
This useful app lets you schedule and organize all your tasks for the whole week. Just add the tasks below the day column and you're done. Want to move a task from one column to another No worries. Its drag-and-drop interface(界面) lets you rearrange the task and add it to a different day's column. Additionally, TeuxDeux lets you add repeating tasks for a day.
TickTick
TickTick allows you to add tasks, subtasks, custom reminders as well as deadlines for a day, a week, or a month. In order to provide you with more ease in task scheduling, TickTick offers a nice calendar view, where you can add or edit tasks on a weekly or daily basis. It also has experimental features, which you can turn on if you want to try out beta capabilities(测试功能).
Wunderlist
The app lets you create tasks and subtasks and allows you to share with your family, friends and colleagues. The whole app is designed in the most user-friendly way and offers you the ability to add deadlines, additional information and reminders.
1. What benefit can you get from the four apps
A. Completing your work more easily.
B. Obtaining everything you need faster.
C. Getting access to the Internet more quickly.
D. Organizing your activities more effectively.
2. What's the similarity between TeuxDeux and TickTick
A. They offer a beautiful calendar view.
B. They have great experimental features.
C. They can help organize tasks for a week.
D. They have a very user-friendly interface.
3. To share your tasks with others, you'd prefer to choose _____.
A. Focuster B. TeuxDeux C. TickTick D. Wunderlist
B
Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.
In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1. 3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year.
Mu Us Desert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification. The amount of annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 300 millimetres, while evaporation(蒸发) between 2,000 and 3,000 millimetres. Cao recalls that his growing-up was troubled by sandstorms. This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.
Popularly known as the "Green Great Wall", the project, which is set for completion in 2050, would be a 4, 800-kilometre green belt of trees and shrubs (灌木) protecting the area from strong winds and preventing soil erosion. Since the start of the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme, millions of people have joined in and become a vital part of the plan.
However, the tree-planters face a host of challenges, with watering the most difficult among them. "When I was young, the level of groundwater was high," said Cao. "But with less rain, the trees are hard to plant and keep alive."
Planting trees has also become harder for Cao as he ages. However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government. "When I die, I just want to be buried under the trees," Cao said. "Then I will be with them forever."
1.By listing the figures in Paragraph 2, the author wants to _____________.
A.show Cao has had a hard life B.praise Cao for his contribution
C.tell us how much oxygen an adult needs D.make it clear that Cao has made a fortune
2.Why did Cao make up his mind to plant trees
A.Evaporation in his hometown was serious.
B.He had no other ways to earn a living.
C.He found it a pleasure to plant trees.
D.Sandstorms kept striking his hometown.
3.What does Cao Zhawa most care about
A.His health. B.His wealth.
C.The forest's ownership (所有权). D.His children's future.
4.What's the best title for the passage
A.An Elder in the Desert
B.A Life Devoted to Planting Trees
C.Mu Us Desert Requires Forest
D.Cao Zhawa—a Peasant with a Great Dream
C
The worst outbreak of desert locusts (蝗虫) in decades is presently underway in the Horn of Africa. It is the biggest of its kind in 25 years for Ethiopia and Somalia--and the worst Kenya has seen for 70 years.
What we are seeing in East Africa today is unlike anything we've seen in a very long time. Its destructive potential is enormous, and it's taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. Most of the hardest hit countries are those where millions of people have already been vulnerable (易受伤害的) or in serious humanitarian need, as they endure the impact of violence, drought, and floods.
We have acted quickly to respond to this outbreak. The primary method of battling with locusts is the aerial spraying of pesticides (杀虫剂). FAO's (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) "Locust Watch" service explains that "although giant nets, flame throwers, lasers, and huge vacuums have been proposed in the past, these are not in use for locust control. Birds can eat locusts but it's usually not enough to significantly reduce their population levels over large areas".
The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has released $10 million from its Central Emergency Response Fund to fund large-scale aerial operations to manage the outbreak.
But the window of containing this crisis is closing fast. We only have to bring this infestation under control before the beginning of March as that is when the planting season begins. If left unchecked--and with expected additional rain--locust population in East Africa could increase 500 times by June.
We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. And we will. At the same time, we need to pay attention to a bigger picture. This is not the first time the Horn of Africa has seen locust outbreak approach this scale, but the current situation is the worst in decades. This is linked to climate change. Warmer seas mean more tropical storms, generating the perfect breeding conditions for locusts.
1.What is implied in Paragraph 2
A.People in East Africa are suffering drought.
B.People in East Africa are going through floods.
C.The locust outbreak will cause crop failures.
D.The locust outbreak is worsening the locals'life.
2.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.We need a bigger picture to study the disaster.
B.It is the second outbreak of locusts in East Africa.
C.It is the largest outbreak of locusts ever in history.
D.The outbreak of locusts is fueled by global warming.
3.What is the purpose of the text
A.To analyze and compare. B.To inform and call for.
C.To argue and discuss. D.To introduce and assess.
4.Where does the text probably come from
A.A guidebook. B.A health magazine. C.A news report. D.A chemistry paper.
D
Human demands for natural resources have doubled in less than 50 years and are now beyond what the earth can provide, a report warned. If humans carry on like this, we will need two earths by 2030. The population of wildlife has fallen by 60% in thirty years.
The report said British people are consuming (消耗) far more than the earth can deal with. If everyone lived such a lifestyle, humans would need 2.75 planets to survive. People are now living lifestyles which would require 1.5 planets, though there are great differences between rich and poor nations.
Researchers studied the global change in land use and water consumption. The UK comes 31st in a list of countries based on "ecological footprint (生态足迹)" that measures how much land and sea each person needs to produce the resources they consume and to absorb the wastes. The UK has fallen down from the 15th place in the last report two years ago to the 31 st place, but the WWF believes it is an increase in other countries' efforts rather than a reduction in the UK's use of resources.
Ireland has the 10th highest ecological footprint, while the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Denmark, Belgium and the US are the five worst countries for over-consumption of resources. The study suggests if the expected global population of 9.2 billion in 2050 were to eat a Malaysian diet, 1.3 planets would be needed but if everyone were to eat an Italian diet, humans would need almost two planets. Those countries that can provide the highest quality of life using the lowest amount of resources will not only serve the global interest, but will be the leaders in a resource-limited world.
1.We will probably need _____ earths if we follow the British lifestyle.
A.1.3 B.2.75 C.2 D.1.5
2.What do we know about "ecological footprint"
A.It has something to do with human demands for resources and their wastes.
B.It is used to produce the resources and absorb the wastes.
C.We can know the total amount of resources on the earth through it.
D.It is about changes in land use and water consumption across the globe.
3.The WWF believes that _____.
A.the Earth won't be able to meet human needs after 50 years
B.the UK has possibly not reduced the use of resources over the past two years
C.Ireland has a lower ecological footprint than the UK
D.there are no big differences in lifestyle between rich and poor nations
4.What can we learn about Malaysia from the text
A.It has a larger population than Italy.
B.It consumes fewer resources than Italy.
C.It would need almost two planets.
D.It has the highest quality of life.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor ①________. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ②______, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●③_______. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. ④_____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go," or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ⑤_____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many of us dream of making all the difference—earning a lot of money. A great scientist has achieved that big success and 1 all the money to help others. Professor Nicola Curtin of the Newcastle University successfully 2 a new drug for cancer, but when the time came for her big 3 , she chose to give some of the profits away to help needy people to make their life better.
The drug Rubraca is the 4 of 30 years of research and helps people who have a gene known to lead to an increasing 5 of breast cancer. Rubraca helps target the cancerous cells so as to repair their DNA and finally 6 tumour cells(肿瘤细胞). The Newcastle University 7 rights of the medication(药物) for $40. 8 million to a company, which is a large sum of money. Instead of treating herself, Curtin used her $1.2 million share to 8 The Curtin PARP (Passionate About Realising Your Potential) Fund.
The fund 9 to help the disabled, the homeless, and anyone experiencing a disadvantage. It helps them to develop the skills to 10 difficulties so that they can get education or employment. "Those people's 11 makes me think about life. I have already had everything that I need in life but there are many people who are leading a hard life. 12 , through The Curtin PARP Fund, I want to leave a(n) 13 legacy(遗赠) by helping them master the basic skills for life. And I feel 14 of what I have done, "said Curtin.
What Curtin has done tells us that we can help others in many 15 by using our talent, and by reaching out and offering much assistance, etc.
1.A.made B.passed C.donated D.showed
2.A.exchanged B.took C.accepted D.created
3.A.payoff B.celebration C.event D.benefit
4.A.instruction B.improvement C.chance D.result
5.A.view B.risk C.cause D.fact
6.A.make B.study C.remove D.catch
7.A.sold B.offered C.ensured D.achieved
8.A.raise B.establish C.present D.obtain
9.A.aims B.affords C.begins D.competes
10.A.avoid B.realise C.overcome D.experience
11.A.action B.admiration C.shame D.situation
12.A.Moreover B.However C.Meanwhile D.Therefore
13.A.thankful B.careful C.lasting D.interesting
14.A.afraid B.proud C.sick D.sure
15.A.aspects B.ways C.purposes D.attempts
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amount of sail in fresh water ①_________(use) on coastal farms. As a result, farmers are ②_________ (gradual) unable to use fields close to the sea.
However, Mare Van Rijsselberghe, a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a ③_________ (mix) of sea and fresh water ④_________ (grow) healthy and tasty vegetables.
He teamed up with scientists from the Free University of Amsterdam and divided a farm ⑤_________ eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and ⑥_________ computer program created water with eight levels of salinity(含盐度).
The water levels and the levels of salinity were controlled by computerised measuring devices called "sensors". Mr Van Rijsselberghe said he was able to harvest vegetables from most of the eight test areas. He said the vegetables were smaller than ⑦_________ grown in fresh water. But he said they also hati more sugar and salt, so they tasted much ⑧_________ (good).
He found that potatoes grew better than the other vegetables in the combination of sea and fresh water. Mr Van Rijsselberghe said four kinds of these potatoes would be sent to Pakistan ⑨_________ thousands of hectares of land ⑩_________ (damage) by salinisation(盐化作用) last year.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，准备参加学校月底举行的英语演讲比赛。请给英国笔友John写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 描述困难；
3. 期待获得帮助。
注意：
1. 字数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear John,
How are you doing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My parents and I had been planning my brother's birthday party since the beginning of March. Johnny would be six years old in two days. My mom was going to bake a special chocolate cake with white icing. As I watched her, I wondered what I can do to make my brother's birthday special.
I knew my parents had already bought a present for me to give to Johnny, but I wanted to buy him something chosen by myself and with the money I had saved. After giving it some thought, I wanted to buy him the paint-by-number kit(数字涂色小套装) I had seen at the store around the corner.
I decided to empty my coin jar and see how much money I had saved. However, I was disappointed to find there was much less than I had imagined. "Oh, no, I only have about three dollars," I muttered to myself. "The kit cost more than I have saved."
Suddenly a "great" idea occurred to me. I slid into my parents' bedroom where my dad kept loose change on top of the dresser. I stood on my tiptoes and saw some dimes, nickels, and a few quarters. I carefully counted out what I needed to make up the difference. I was sure Dad wouldn't mind just this once, I thought.
However, I was soon overcome by guilt. Even though there was no one else in the bedroom, I felt like I was being watched. Mom was always telling us about the importance of honesty. Maybe my plan wasn't a great idea, I thought. I jingled the change in my pocket while wondering what to do.
I grabbed my jacket from the closet and headed toward the door. "Where are you going, honey " Mom asked. "Oh, just up to the corner store," I replied. "Well, don't stay out too long, Daddy will be home soon." "Okay, Mom," I ran out of our house.
Once I got to the store, I took the paint-by-number kit from the shelf.
"Can I help you, young lady " the salesclerk asked.
"No. I'm just looking, thank you," I said.
"That's a really nice paint kit. We have sold a lot of them and, as you can see, that's the last one," she said.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I nodded my head in agreement, with my mind racing.___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
I would just have to wait until I saved the extra money I needed.____________________
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 DCD
解析：1.细节理解题。第一段说从简单的任务调度到详细的任务管理，这四个应用程序都提供了高效记录任务所需的一切，由此可知，这四个应用程序都可以让你更有效地安排你的活动，故D项正确。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"This useful app lets you schedule and organize all your tasks for the whole week."及第四段中的"TickTick allows you to add tasks, subtasks, custom reminders as well as deadlines for a day, a week, or a month."可知， TeuxDeux和TickTick的相似之处是这两个应用程序都可以帮助你安排一周的任务，故C项正确。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"The app lets you create tasks and subtasks and allows you to share with your family, friends and colleagues."可知， Wunderlist 允许你创建任务、子任务，并允许你与家人、朋友和同事分享，由此可知，要想与他人分享你的任务，你会选择Wunderlist,故D项正确。故选D。
B
答案：1-4.BDCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容"In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1.3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year. (1958 年,年仅 16 岁的曹开始植树,目前他的树木的覆盖面积已超过130万平方米,他的森林价值约1000万元,能产生10万公斤氧气,可维持一个成年人将近一年的生命。)"可推知,这些数据表明,曹扎娃在植树方面取得了很大的成就,作者列举这些数据是为了称赞曹扎娃。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的内容"Mu UsDesert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification ... This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.(毛乌素沙地是中国受侵蚀和荒漠化影响最严重的地方之一……这是促使他加人并继续植树计划的原因之一。)"可知,沙尘暴经常侵袭他的家乡,这让他决定要植树。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government.(然而,他不想把森林留给他的孩子们,他坚持土地属于政府。)"可知,他最在意的是森林的归属权,他坚持森林属于政府,属于国家。 故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容"Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.(曹扎娃大半辈子都在种树,他生活和工作在内蒙古西南部的毛乌素沙地的中心地带。)"可知,文章主要讲述了一位奉献一生来种树的老人的故事。B项"A Life Devoted to Planting Trees(献身植树造林的一生)"适合做本文标题。故选B。
C
答案：1-4.DDBC
解析：1.推理判断题。由第二段中的 Its destructive potential is enormous, and it's taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. 可知,蝗灾的破坏潜力是巨大的,而且它发生在一个农民们需要每一克食物来养活自己和家人的地区。原本这些地方的人就是依赖土地种植庄稼来养活自己和家人,现在蝗灾爆发,只会让当地人的生活更加艰难。故选D。
2.推理判断题。由最后一段的最后两句可知,蝗灾爆发与气候变化有关。气候变化导致海洋变暖,带来更多的热带风暴,为蝗虫创造了完美的繁殖条件。由此可知,全球变暖对蝗灾的爆发起到了推动作用。故选D。
3.推理判断题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了非洲东部蝗灾的爆发。由最后一段中的 We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. 可知,作者呼吁人们现在行动起来,避免一场全面爆发的灾难。所以这篇文章的目的是告知和呼吁大家采取行动来应对蝗灾。故选B。
4.推理判断题。本篇文章介绍了非洲东部爆发的蝗虫灾害给当地人的生活带来严重影响,因此作者呼吁大家采取行动。由此可推断,本文可能出自新闻报道。故选C。
D
答案：1-4.BABB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The report said British people are consuming (消耗) far more than the Earth can deal with. If everyone lived such a lifestyle, humans would need 2.75 planets to survive."可知,如果我们仿效英国人的生活方式,我们可能需要2. 75个地球。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"...based on 'ecological footprint (生态足迹)' that measures how much land and sea each person needs to produce the resources they consume and to absorb (吸收) the wastes."可知,生态足迹与人类对资源的需求和浪费有关。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,英国的排名从两年前的第15位降至第31位,但世界自然基金会认为,这是其他国家努力的结果,而不是英国的资源使用量减少了。因此,世界自然基金会认为,英国可能没有减少对资源的使用。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"The study suggests if the expected global population of 9. 2 billion in 2050 were to eat a Malaysian diet, 1.3 planets would be needed but if everyone were to eat an Italian diet, humans would need almost two planets."可知,马来西亚人的消费模式消耗的资源比意大利的少。故选B。
第二节
答案：①-⑤BAGFD
解析：①根据上文"So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor (那么,该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的看起来完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢 )"可知此处提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。根据下文"It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.(这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。)"可知此处提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法,空处应起承上启下的作用,承接上文讲到的问题,启下提出的方法,所以空处应该提出一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项"Hold a clothing swap.(进行衣物交换。)"给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法,承上启下,符合上下文语境。故选B。
②根据上文"Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.(邀请5到10个人,这样你就有一个很好的选择。)"可知此处说明了应该邀请的人数。根据下文"and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.(可能没有足够的东西可供选择;多于这个数量,它就变得无法控制。)可知多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空处应是针对下文中的"more than that ,and it becomes uncontrollable. (超过这个数,就会变得无法控制。)"提出的相反假设。A项"Less people than that(少于这些人)"提出一种假设,和下文中"more than that"相对,说明人数不宜太多,也不能太少,符合上下文语境。故选A。
③空处位于段首,是本段的主旨句。根据下文"They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.(他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子,把他们的"新"衣服带回家。)说明去的时候应该为交换所得的"新衣服"准备袋子,所以空处应该讲对每个来参加交换派对的人所带衣物的要求。G项"Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.(告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。)"说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服,其中的bring和下文中carry相对,下文中的also也是提示词,并且空后的They指代G项的everyone,概括本段文意,符合上下文语境。故选G。
④根据段首句"Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.(把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。)"可知本段主要讲衣服带来以后的相关问题,根据下文"Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.(在房间周围放几面镜子,这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。)可知在房间里要放置一面镜子,方便人们试穿衣服,空处承上启下,所以空处应该讲的是在房间里人们对于带来的衣服应该怎么做。F项"Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.(让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。)"说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置,而且F项的spots对应空前的surfaces,符合上下文语境。故选F。
⑤根据上文"Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go," or turn on a certain song, or whatever.(设置开始时间。也许你说"开始",或者打开一首歌,或者无论什么。)可知本段主要讲的是和聚会有关的事情。根据下文"And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!(别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住,这是个派对!)"可知此处讲的是聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。空处承上启下,所以也应该讲述和聚会有关的内容。D项"Just keep music playing throughout.(要始终播放音乐。)"承接上文,启出下文,而且D项中的music对应空前的a certain song,与前文形成意义上的一致,符合上下文语境。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5.DDADB; 6-10.CABAC; 11-15.DDCBB
解析：1.根据后一句中的 she chose to give some of the profits away to help needy people to make their life better 可知,这位伟大的科学家把部分利润捐赠 (donated)出去帮助别人,donated和chose to give...away相呼应。故选C。
2.空后为a new drug for cancer,而新药应是被"研制"出来的,故created符合语境。
3.根据空后的 some of the profits 可知,此处应指妮古拉 柯廷爵努力得到回报(payoff)的时刻。payoff 意为"回报;报偿",与 profits 相呼应,符合语境。故选A。
4.此处指治疗癌症的药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果 (result)。故选D。
5.句意为:药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果,它可以帮助那些带有已知会导致乳腺癌患病风险增加的基因的人。根据语境和常识可知,需要药物帮助的应是有患乳腺癌风险(risk)的人。故选B。
6.根据常识可知,治癌药物的最终目标是清除(remove)癌细胞。故选C。
7.句意为:纽卡斯尔大学以4,080万美元的价格把这种药物的相关权限卖给了一家公司……根据空后的 for $40. 8 million to a company 可知,此处指出售(sold)药物芦卡帕利的相关权限。故选A。
8.根据语境可知,此处表示她用自己那份120万美元的酬金建立(establish)了 Curtin PARP 基金会。故选B。
9.空后 to help the disabled... 是设立基金会的目的,aim to do sth 意为"旨在做某事",符合语境。故选a。
10.此处和空后的 difficulties 搭配,克服(overcome)符合语境,此处指帮助他们掌握克服困难的技能。故选C。
11.根据后一句中的 there are many people who are leading a hard life 可知,是这些人的处境(situation)让柯廷开始思考生活。故选D。
12.前一句"许多人还过着艰苦的生活"和空后"帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能"是因果关系。故Therefore符合语境。故选D。
13.句意为:因此,通过Curtin PARP基金会,我想以帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能这种方式,来给他们留下一份长久的遗赠和保障。根据空后的 by helping them master the basic skills for life可知,基金会帮助人们掌握基本生活技能,这是持久的(lasting) 生活保障。故选C。
14.根据上文可知,柯廷用自己的钱创建了一个基金会,帮助了那些需要帮助的人,使他们能维持生活,所以柯廷为自己所做的事感到自豪(proud)。故选B。
15.句中列举的 by using our talent, and by reaching out and offering much assistance 都是帮助别人的方式,故ways符合语境。故选B。
第二节
答案：1. used2. gradually3. mixture4.to grow5.into6. a7.those8.better9. where10. was damaged
解析：
本文介绍了气候变化使海平面上升,对海岸附近的种植业产生了影响,但荷兰的一位农民利用这种条件种出了美味的蔬菜。
1. used句意为:这增加了沿海农场使用的淡水中的盐的含量。设空还运用非谓语动词作定语,与所修饰词water之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填used。
2. gradually 修饰are unable to应用副词。故填gradually。
3. mixture句意为:……荷兰的一位农民正使用一种海水和淡水的混合物来种植健康美味的蔬菜在不定冠词a后应用名词形式。故填mixture。
4. to grow根据句意可知此处应是非谓语动词作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。故填to grow。
5. into divide... into...为固定搭配,意为"把……分成……" 故填into。
6. a program是可数名词,此处泛指一个电脑程序,所以应用不定冠词。故填a。
7. those句意为:他说,这些蔬菜比在淡水中生长的蔬菜要小。为避免重复指代前面的Ihe vegetables应用替代词,又因为前面是名数复数形式。故填those。
8. better句意为:但是他说它们也含有更多的糖和盐,所以这些蔬菜的味道尝起来更好与淡水中种植的蔬菜相比,所以应用比较级。故填better。
9. where _______ thousands of hectares of land ______(damage) by salinisation last year是定语从句,修饰先行词Pakistan,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词。故填where。
10. was damaged分析句子成分可知,设空处在此是定语从句中的谓语动词,与主语之间是被动关系,根据时间状语可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was damaged。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear John,
How are you doing I will participate in an English speech competition which will be held at the end of this month. But I have some difficulty preparing for it. So I am writing to you for help.
My biggest headache is how to choose a proper theme. As you know, too ordinary themes will not touch the audience. Moreover, my vocabulary is poor, so I am wondering how to compose an excellent speech with limited vocabulary. Finally, I hope you can recommend some relevant books to me.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
I nodded my head in agreement, with my mind racing. But finally, I decided to place the paint-by-number kit back on the shelf and headed home. Luckily, when I got home, Mom was busy talking on the phone and Dad wasn't back home yet, so I was able to slip past the kitchen without being noticed. I went to my parents' room to return the coins I had taken. I arranged them into a neat stack—just like they were before—and sighed with relief, knowing I had done the right thing.
I would just have to wait until I saved the extra money I needed. The salesclerk had even agreed that she would hold the kit behind the counter for me until I had enough money to pay for it. I figured I could earn it by doing odd jobs around the house. Then I wasn't able to buy the paint kit until two weeks later, but it seemed more special when I was finally able to lay my money on the counter. I smiled as I walked home, knowing the paint kit would be the perfect present for Johnny.
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