北师大版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 Information Technology B卷 能力提升单元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 4 Information Technology B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Most foodies (吃货) agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be tough. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their diets and their dining out experience.
Cheese & Wine Pairing app
Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses Max McCalman's cheese and wine app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing app is free for iPhone and iPad.
Calorific app
What does 200 calories look like It can be hard to picture. Calorific provides images of 200 calories worth of food. The pictures can help people on a diet and those who just want to eat healthier. The app is free for iPad and iPhone. There is also a version that provides more information for a price.
HappyCow app
Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world. A free version of HappyCow is available for Android that has ads and requires an Internet connection.
LocalEats app
Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travellers want to eat like locals. The website and app LocalEats is designed for that. It lists locally owned restaurants so users can try foods from that area. The app costs about a dollar.
1.If people want to go on a diet, they need _____.
A.Cheese & Wine Pairing app
B.LocalEats app
C.Calorific app
D.HappyCow app
2.How is LocalEats app different from the other apps
A.It is made for groups.
B.It is not free.
C.It is designed for travellers.
D.It is not available for vegetarians.
3.What is the main purpose of this article
A.To help people choose free restaurants.
B.To advertise the best apps for iPhones.
C.To introduce some healthy eating habits.
D.To inform foodies of some useful apps.
B
One day a man found a cocoon (茧) of a butterfly in the forest. He sat there for several hours and watched the butterfly. Suddenly a small opening appeared, and the butterfly struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could go no further. So the man decided to help the butterfly.
He took a pair of scissors and cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon so that the butterfly could come out easily. Much to his surprise, the butterfly got a swollen body but very small, weak wings when it came out of the cocoon.
The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that the body would grow smaller at any moment and the wings would enlarge and be able to support the body. But neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and small wings. It was never able to fly.
The man was in his kindness, but he did not understand the nature rules. The struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening was God's way of forcing fluid (流体)from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If God allowed us to go through our life without any difficulties, it would make us fail. We would not be as strong as we could have been. And we could never fly.
1. In the first paragraph the butterfly was _____.
A. flying in the forest B. playing with the man
C. making a cocoon for itself D. trying to get out of the cocoon
2. What would have happened to the butterfly without the man's help
A. The butterfly would come out easily.
B. The butterfly could crawl on its wings.
C. The butterfly would have got to prepared to fly.
D. The butterfly would never gain its freedom.
3. What can we learn from the story
A. Warm-hearted people are always around us.
B. Struggles are necessary in our life sometimes.
C. Helping others could make oneself happy.
D. Where there is a will, there is a way.
4. What is the best title for the story
A. The struggle for freedom B. A kind man
C. The joy of helping a butterfly D. A lucky butterfly
C
In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters (怪兽). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back.
Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they can't stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked "fire". They develop pains in their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play so that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem : The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swollen (肿胀的) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call "Space Warrior's Wrist".
Other strange aches and pains are also likely to affect the elbows and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost consciousness and fell to the floor.
Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency.
1.Who are electronic games found very popular with
A.People living in towns. B.Students studying in high school.
C.Girls working in their father's workshops. D.Young people.
2.How is "Space Warrior's Wrist" caused
A.By constantly pressing the buttons. B.By rapidly moving across the screen.
C.By tightly holding the joystick controls. D.By inflamed and swollen muscles of the wrist.
3.What does the case of a 17-year-old girl by the writer show
A.The writer supports playing electronic games.
B.The writer feels very sorry for the girl.
C.The writer disagrees with young people's playing electronic games.
D.The writer feels worried about young people's poor health.
4.How is playing electronic games according to the passage
A.Enjoyable and helpful to the study. B.Exciting but harmful to the health and study.
C.Interesting and harmless to the eyes. D.Amusing and satisfying.
D
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
2.What advantage does race walking have over running
A. It's more popular at the Olympics.
B. It's less challenging physically.
C. It's more effective in body building.
D. It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
3.What is Dr. Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking
A. Getting experts' opinions.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.
D. Doing regular exercises.
4.Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Successful students use different techniques to study, which brings them more success. ①_____. Here are the four techniques almost all top-performing students use.
They are regular. Almost all successful students study regularly, because they know "what you give is what you get". If you put in regular hours of studying, then you will learn more and get better grades. ②_____. This will help you to study regularly.
They have clear goals. All top-performing students have definite, specific goals. ③_____.They motivate you and drive you to study more. But make sure that you do not get carried away. Set realistic goals which can challenge you, but do not seem impossible or too difficult to achieve.
They study without pressure. Successful students study a lot. But they study without putting strain on themselves. Most students make the mistake of studying too hard or studying continuously for a long time. ④_____. Studying should be done in a balanced manner. Take a break for a few minutes, after studying for 30 or 45 minutes. Relax, walk around your room or house, or drink some water and return to studying. Such short breaks will refresh your brain and you will learn more.
⑤_____. Studying is not something you do just because your parents ask you to do it. It's actually very important for you. Studying gives you knowledge and skills that will remain with you for the rest of your life. It gives you the ability to get a job and earn money. And successful students recognize the value of studying well.
A. This creates tension and actually slows down learning and memory.
B.But to score grade A in English, you should make well planned efforts.
C.Set aside some hours, each day or each week, for studying.
D.Having such goals gives you a purpose to study better.
E.Learn their techniques, and you will also join their rank.
F.They finish their homework on time.
G.They give importance to study.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Four brothers left home for college, and they became successful doctors and lawyers.
Some years later, they got together again. While having dinner, they 1 for a long time. They discussed the 2 they had given their elderly mother who lived far away in another city. The first said, "I had a 3 house built for Mania." The second said, "I had my Mercedes-Benz dealer (奔驰经销商) send a car to her." The third said, "I built a beautiful 4 for Mama." The fourth said, "You know 5 Mama loved reading poems and you know she can't read any more because she can't 6 very well I met a businessman who had a parrot that can recite many 7 . It took him 12 years to 8 it to speak and he earns his living by renting it out. I had to pay him $ 100,000 a year for twenty years, but it is worth it." On hearing that, the other brothers were 9 by his good thought.
After the holidays, their mother 10 her thank-you notes, which read, "Milton, the house you built is so huge. I only live in one room, but I have to clean the whole house. It's a tiring job. Thanks anyway."
"Marvin, I am too old to 11 . I stay home and have others work for me, so I'll never use the car. The 12 was good, although not realistic. Thanks."
"Michael, you gave me an expensive building for many people to 13 plays or I watch movies in it, but all my friends are dead. I've almost 14 my hearing and I'm nearly blind. I won't use it. Thank you all the same."
"Dearest Melvin, you are the only son to have the good sense to give a little thought to your gift. The chicken tasted so 15 I liked it very much. Thank you."
1. A. fought B. studied C. talked D. slept
2. A. chances B. gifts C. wishes D. challenges
3. A. big B. warm C. safe D. lonely
4. A. station B. museum C. library D. theater
5. A. how B. what C. why D. when
6. A. listen B. feel C. see D. walk
7. A. stories B. poems C. words D. lyrics
8. A. protect B. beat C. raise D. train
9. A. shocked B. embarrassed C. frightened D. impressed
10. A. took out B. put up C. sent out D. picked up
11. A. learn B. work C. exercise D. drive
12. A. future B. idea C. hobby D. program
13. A. enjoy B. create C. bring D. record
14. A. admired B. lost C. remained D. discovered
15. A. strange B. unpleasant C. terrible D. delicious
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An app aimed at ①________(enable) people to learn more so they can make the country stronger has become popular recently.
The app, ②________ focuses on promoting Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, is ③________ platform that enables Party members and the public to raise their ideological (思想的) consciousness (意识): the sense of civic duty and scientific literacy.
The learning platform, which includes several channels, ④________ (provide) a huge amount of text and video material including news, periodicals, books, open courses, songs and ⑤________ (movie) for the public to browse and study ⑥________ free.
The learning platform was ⑦________ (official) opened to the public on Jan. 1 this year, ⑧________ it has become popular among the public within a short time. According to the media, till the ⑨________ (begin) of April, the total amount of registered users of the learning platform has exceeded 100 million, and the ⑩________ (day) active users account for as high as 40 to 60 percent of the total users.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是李华，你校英语辩论社团招收成员，你想申请加入。请你用英语写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 个人简介(性格、特长等)；
2. 表达期望。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was Mother's Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my son who was five years old, Tenyson. As we were leaving after finishing our shopping, we realized that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground badly. Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, a lot of people stopped to help out.
While we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very worried about what had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, "Mom, it's not much fun falling over in front of everyone." Seeing that there was a flower stall(摊位) at the front of the supermarket, he added, "Why shouldn't we buy the lady a flower It will make her feel better." I was amazed that he'd come up with this sweet idea. So we went over and told the flower seller what we wanted. "Just take it," she replied. "I can't take your money for such a wonderful deed."
Medical staff had arrived, and were looking after the injured woman. There we saw the old man was also in great horror, but he tried to comfort his wife and held her hands tightly to encourage her to be strong. We gave the flower to the woman's husband and I told him it was from my son. At that moment, the old man started crying and said, "Thank you very much." He then turned to me, "You have a wonderful son. Happy Mother's Day to you."
The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. Regardless of being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile. And my son bent down his body to the injured lady and tenderly said, "Happy Mother's Day to you, too."
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a moment, the elderly lady was taken into an ambulance,_____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One year later, __________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 CBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Calorific app部分中的can help people on a diet可知Calorific app能帮助要节食的人。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句The app costs about a dollar.可知LocalEats app需要付费。再根据Cheese & Wine Pairing app部分中的free for iPhone and iPad；Calorific app部分中的The app is free for iPad and iPhone；HappyCow app部分中的A free version of HappyCow is available for Android，可知其他三个应用软件均可免费使用。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据首段中的there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their diets and their dining out experience以及四个小标题中的关键词app，可判断文章目的在于为吃货们介绍有用的应用软件。故选D。
B
答案：1-4 DCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"the butterfly struggled to force its body through that little hole"可知,蝴蝶正在努力地破苗。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"the butterfly to get through the tiny opening was God's way of forcing fluid (流体) from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon"可知,蝴蝶破茧是长出翅膀的必经之路,如果没有男人的帮助蝴蝶会通过小孔破茧长出翅膀,会飞向天空,但男人帮助它之后破坏了它的生长规律,它的翅膀没有发育完整,不能飞翔了。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life"可知,斗争在我们生活中是必要的。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。由文章最后两段可知本文主要讲述了为自由做斗争的意义。故选A。
C
答案：1-4.DACB
解析：本文是一篇说明文,介绍了电子游戏给青少年的健康带来的许多问题。
1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知,电子游戏受青少年的欢迎,teenagers与young people同义,而不是专指学生、女孩等。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二、五句可知,这种疾病是不停地按压按钮造成的。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知,作者认为这个情况更加令人惊恐,说明作者不赞同青少年玩电子游戏。故选C。
4.推理判断题。阅读全文可知,玩电子游戏的主要是正在长身体和学习的青少年,玩电子游戏令人兴奋,但是侵占了学习时间,还会让他们得"Space Warrior's Wrist"等病,损害身体健康。故选B。
D
答案：1-4 CDAB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段,根据该段中的"But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触)with the ground at all times"可知,竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直,同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知,竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则,故C项正确。故选C。
2.考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers"可知,一些与跑步有关的损伤,如跑步者的膝盖(受伤),在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知,竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤,故D项正确。故选D。
3.考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique" 可知,Norberg博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询下教练或有经验的竞走者,以学习正确的技巧,故A项正确。故选A。
4.考查观点态度。根据全文内容可知,作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处,同时也指出它的一些危害,态度是客观的,故B项正确。故选B。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ ECDAG
解析：①根据上文 "Successful students use different techniques to study, which brings them more success"可知,学习他们的技巧,你将会加入他们的行列,符合语境。故选E。
②根据上文"If you put in regular hours of studying, then you will learn more and get better grades"可知,每天,每星期都留些时间来学习,符合语境。故选C。
③根据上文"All top-performing students have definite, specific goals"可知,有目标可以让你学得更好,符合语境。故选D。
④根据上文"Most students make the mistake of studying too hard or studying continuously for a long time"可知,这会产生出紧张,会让你学习和记忆力变慢,符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据下文"Studying is not something you do just because your parents ask you to do it. It's actually very important for you"可知, 他们知道学习的重要性,符合语境。故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CBADA 6-10 CBDDC 11-15 DBABD
解析：1.考查动词。根据"They discussed the 2 they had given their elderly mother who lived far away in another city"可知,他们交谈了很长时间。故选C。
2.考查名词。根据下文内容可知,他们在谈论送给老母亲的礼物。故选B。
3.考查形容词。根据"Milton, the house you built is so huge"可知,这里意思是"我"给妈妈建了一所大房子。故选A。
4.考查名词。根据下文"Michael, you gave me an expensive building for many people to 13 plays or I watch movies in it"可知,这里意思是"我"为妈妈建了一个漂亮的剧院。故选D。
5.考查连词。句意:你知道妈妈多么喜欢读诗,你知道她不能再读了,因为她的视力不太好。根据句意可知选A。
6.考查动词。句意:因为她看不清了。根据上下文可知,妈妈不能读诗是因为视力不好。故选C。
7.考查名词。A. stories故事;B. poems诗歌;C. words语言; D. lyrics 歌词。根据"You know 5 Mama loved reading poems and you know she can't read any more because she can't 6 very well"可知,这里指这只鹦鹉会背很多诗歌。故选B。
8.考查动词。根据"and he earns his living by renting it out"可知,他花了12年时间训练它说话。故选D。
9.考查形容词。句意:听到这个消息,其他兄弟对他的好想法很感动。A. shocked 震惊的;B. embarrassed 尴尬的;C. frightened 害怕的;D. impressed受感动的。故选D。
10.考查动词短语。 A. took out 拿出;B. put up 提供;C. sent out 寄出;D. picked up捡起。上文提到他们的母亲住在离他们很远的另外一个城市,可知他们的母亲寄出了感谢信。故选C。
11.考查动词。这里意思是"我"太老了,不能开车。故选D。
12.考查名词。句意:这个主意不错,尽管不太现实。故选B。
13.考查动词。句意:Michael,你给了我一栋很贵的楼,可以让很多人在里面欣赏戏剧或看电影,但是我所有的朋友都死了。故选A。
14.考查动词。根据下文"I won't use it"可知,"我"几乎失去了听力,并且几乎失明。故选B。
15.考查形容词。根据下文"I liked it very much"可知,这里意思是这只鸡吃起来真美味。故选D。
第二节
答案：enabling; which; a; provides; movies; for; officially; and; beginning; daily
解析：语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了最近很流行的一个应用程序,这个应用程序可以让人们学到更多知识,从而让国家变得更强大。
①考查动名词。此处指一款旨在让人们学到更多知识,从而让国家变得更强大的应用程序变得流行起来。be aimed at doing sth.旨在做某事。故填enabling。
②考查关系词。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰The app,并在从句中作主语。故填which。
③考查冠词。platform为可数名词,此处不是特指,故用冠词a。故填a。
④考查时态和主谓一致。由语境可知此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,分析句子结构可知,主句主语为The learning platform,故用第三人称单数形式provides。故填provides。
⑤考查名词复数。movie为可数名词,根据and前与之并列的名词可知,此处应用名词复数形式。故填movies。
⑥考查介词短语。for free免费。故填for。
⑦考查副词。句意:该学习平台于今年1月1日正式向公众开放,然后它在很短的时间内就受到了公众的欢迎。设空处修饰谓语。故填officially。
⑧考查连词。句意同上。设空处前后为顺承关系。故填and。
⑨考查名词。分析句子可知,此处应填名词。故填beginning。
⑩考查形容词。此处指日活跃用户高达总用户的40%至60%。分析句子结构可知,设空处修饰后面的名词users,应用其形容词形式daily。故填daily。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a student in Class One, Grade One. I'm 16 years old. Outgoing and warm-hearted, I am able to fit in well with others. I look good, think fast and study hard. Making English speeches is what I am good at. I was once awarded the title of the Best Debater in junior high school. It is really a good chance to prepare myself for my dream, to be a great speaker like Abraham Lincoln.
I am looking forward to joining the club.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
After a moment, the elderly lady was taken into an ambulance, and was sent to hospital by medical staff. The crowd gradually scattered. Tenyson and I went home. On our way home, he asked me worriedly, "Mom, will the elderly lady be OK, since she was too old and she had badly fallen over " I looked at him and said, "The elderly lady would be fine, since there were so many people coming to help her. And you did a wonderful deed, my boy."
One year later, it was Mother's Day again. As last year, I went shopping at the local supermarket with Tenyson. Suddenly, Tenyson said excitedly, "Look, Mom. It is that old woman!" I looked that way and saw the elderly lady and her husband. It seemed that she had recovered from her injury. We walked towards them and they were happy to meet us, too. The elderly lady hugged my son and whispered to him. "I will never forget the flower you gave me, my sweet boy."
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