北师大版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 6 The Admirable A卷 基础夯实单元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 6 The Admirable A卷 基础夯实—2023-2024学年高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Madame Marie Curie is famous for having won two Nobel Prizes—in Physics in 1903 and again in 1911 in Chemistry, but many other women have also been awarded the prize. Here are their stories.
Sigrid Undset
Sigrid Undset is one of the three Norwegian authors (and so far the most recent one) to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature. Undset received the Prize in 1928, for her powerful description of life during the Middle Ages in Scandinavia. In her lifetime, she wrote two huge novels set against the background of Norway in the 13th century, the 3-volume Kristin Lavransdatter, and the 4-volume Olav AudunssΦnn.
Gerty Theresa Cori
Gerty and her husband, Carl Cori, moved to the United States in 1922, where the two medical doctors worked together (against the advice of their colleagues) at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in New York, hoping to find the cure for diabetes(糖尿病). In 1947, Gerty, Carl and the Argentine doctor Bernardo were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, making Gerty the first woman to hold the honor.
Maria Goeppert-Mayer
Born in 1906 in Germany, Maria Goeppert-Mayer moved to the US with her husband Joseph Edward Mayer, a chemist, in 1930. While in the US, Goeppert-Mayer developed the nuclear shell model, for which she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen and Eugene Paul Wigner. She was the first woman to receive the award in 60 years.
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OM
Dorothy Hodgkin showed a love for science as a child, and at age 18, she began studying chemistry at a women-only Oxford college. She earned her PhD at the University of Cambridge, where she first took an interest in X-ray crystallography and began studying the structure of proteins. In 1934, she moved back to Oxford, where she was appointed the university's first research chemistry fellow. Her work on mapping vitamin B12 earned her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964.
1.What is Sigrid Undset well-known for in history
A.Her discoveries. B.Her inventions. C.Her books. D.Her social work.
2.How old was Goeppert-Mayer when she won the Nobel Prize
A.30. B.57. C.60. D.63.
3.Who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry according to the passage
A.Sigrid Undset. B.Gerty Theresa Cori.
C.Maria Goeppert-Mayer. D.Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OM.
B
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn‘t agree whether the birds out on the ice were ducks or geese. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends ventured (冒险) into the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois, to get a better look. "First, we threw a rock onto the ice to test it," Cruz told NBC 5 Chicago. "Then we stepped on it." Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, but then he fell through the seemingly frozen surface.
Cruz rushed to help his panicked friend. However, the pond swallowed him, too. Cruz managed to lift himself out of the extremely cold water and onto a more solid section. He then gingerly worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice didn't hold, and he fell in again. This time, he couldn't get out.
The boys were in icy water up to their necks and quickly losing feeling. Any chance of their freeing themselves was slipping away. Cruz was sure that he was going to die.
Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming, wishing someone to save them.
John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby lifebuoy (救生圈), kicked off his shoes, and ran into the cold water, struggling his way through the ice. Lavin made his way to Cruz and Anthony and pulled them back to land.
The boys were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water had lowered their body temperature nearly ten degrees. Fortunately, they have fully recovered, though they are still a little amazed by their fearless neighbor. "Just to think," said Cruz, "if he hadn't been there, I could have died."
1. Why did the boys venture into the frozen pond
A. To have a better look at the frozen pond.
B. To catch the birds in the pond with rocks.
C. To find out what the birds on the ice were.
D. To test the thickness of the ice in the pond.
2. What does the underlined word "gingerly" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Casually. B. Proudly. C. Firmly. D. Cautiously.
3. What drew John Lavin's attention to the boys
A. Anthony's older sister's cry for help. B. Cruz's loud and frightening scream.
C. Their shoes along the nearby pond. D. Their neighbors' pulling them back.
4. Which of the following words can best describe John Lavin
A. Hard-working and helpful. B. Warm-hearted and courageous.
C. Curious and selfless. D. Active and generous.
C
In the space of just two years, the app Douyin, created by Beijing-based company ByteDance, has gathered more than half a billion users—around 40% of them outside China—who share short videos of themselves lip-syncing(假唱), cooking, dancing or just being silly. What sets ByteDance apart is its success in the social media category, which is controlled by Facebook, Twitter and Snap—all Western companies.
ByteDance calls itself an artificial intelligence company. It uses machine learning and algorithms (算法) to figure out what people like most and give them more of what they want to see. On Douyin, people can edit and beautify 15-second videos before posting them online. The app has even made a phrase to describe people glued to their customized feeds: "shua Douyin" or "scrolling through Douyin". Last year, the company released TikTok, the overseas version of Douyin. ByteDance's growing video empire has made it the world's fifth biggest app maker. ByteDance says TikTok and Douyin together have more than 500 million monthly active users.
Investors like ByteDance because its hundreds of millions of users attract a lot of advertising money. The video apps are lucrative because they attract a lot of users in their teens and 20s, who are more generous with the money. ByteDance also makes money through income sharing deals. People on TikTok,for example, can buy digital coins to give to other people on the app一like throwing money in a performer's tip jar. ByteDance takes a cut of those earnings.
ByteDance's founder and CEO is Zhang Yiming, a 35-year-old former Microsoft employee. People who have worked with Zhang describe him as someone who thinks deeply about technology and spends much of his free time writing code.
Like Facebook and Twitter, ByteDance is also battling fake news and inappropriate content. ByteDance promises to add thousands more employees to review content on Douyin.
1. What makes ByteDance so special
A. It is the biggest artificial intelligence company on the earth.
B. Its app challenges similar companies' rule in Western world.
C. It invented the social media app initially in the world.
D. It has controlled Facebook, Twitter and Snap.
2. Why is Douyin so popular
A. It is a new generation hi-tech product. B. It has both home and overseas version.
C. It meets the demand of people individually. D. It is easy and totally free to operate online.
3. How does Byte Dance make a profit
A. By charging the users. B. By selling its artificial intelligence.
C. By forcing the users to donate. D. By charging the advertisement.
4. What's the meaning of the underlined word "lucrative" in Paragraph 3
A. expensive
B. profitable
C. popular
D. creative
D
Antarctica remained largely untouched by humans for thousands of years, allowing an ecosystem to develop independently. However, since the 1990s, the last wild land on the planet is becoming an increasingly popular destination for adventure-seeking tourists. Now, a study newly conducted shows the visitors may be leaving behind harmful bacteria which could destroy that area's bird population.
We mainly hear about zoonoses(动物传染病）一diseases like Ebola and pig flu — that are spread from animals to humans, yet humans can also infect animals with illnesses such as the flu. Researchers, however, believed that Antarctic animals, which had no recorded reverse (反向的) cases of zoonoses, were not affected by the danger clue to the extreme environment. But microbiologists Marta Cerda-Cuellar at the Research Center for Animal Health, was not convinced this was true.
So she and some colleagues decided to examine waste samples from Antarctic birds for evidence of human bacteria. To ensure the waste was not polluted, the scientists had to collect it from the birds themselves. This was no easy task. It took the scientists four years to collect waste samples of 666 adult birds from 24 local species. However, it was well worth the effort. The results of their study showed the presence of several types of human bacteria in the bird waste.
"The bacteria，which are a common cause for infections in humans，don't usually cause death in wild animals，" says Cerda-Cuellar. "However，the pathogens(病原体）that arrive to highly sensitive populations could cause extinction of some populations and destroy the local ecosystem. "The researcher also fears the presence of these bacteria could foresee the arrival of other, more deadly, pathogens as the number of people visiting the area increases. While the best solution would be to prevent tourism, Cerda-Cuellar, who believes it is because of efforts from tourist and scientific groups that Antarctica remains largely protected, says that's impossible. "While we should do as much as possible to reduce the spread, it's hard to believe we'll stop tourism and science at these sites, and so it is hard to believe that humans won't continue to pass on pathogens."
1. Which of the following will the new study support
A. The Antarctic becomes popular with tourists.
B. The Antarctic ecosystem is destroyed by outsiders.
C. Zoonoses are spread from animals to humans.
D. Tourists expose Antarctic birds to human bacteria.
2. Why did researchers think Antarctic animals were free from human diseases
A. The Antarctic weather is extraordinarily cold.
B. The number of tourists to the Antarctic is small.
C. There was no recorded case of reverse zoonoses.
D. An independent ecosystem was in place in Antarctica.
3. What advice might Cerda-Cuellar give
A. Strengthen researches into Antarctic animals.
B. Stop tourism and science in Antarctica.
C. Restrict the number of visitors to Antarctica.
D. Monitor the presence of other pathogens.
4. In which section of a magazine might the text be found
A. Health. B. Science. C. Tourism. D. Geography.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nobel, who was born in Stockholm, is a great scientist famous for his dangerous experiments.
Nobel studied in the US and then Russia between 1850 and 1859. ①_____ As is known, bomb is dangerous to life, but Nobel was working under that condition. Once a big explosion in his lab completely destroyed the lab and caused some deaths. ②_____ He received criticism and satire, but he proceeded with the work rather than losing heart. From 1860s to 1880s, Nobel made many achievements and his inventions were first used in building roads and digging tunnels. Most of the bombs were safer and more possible to be controlled. Even at the end of the 20th century, we still used his methods.
③_____ He was quick to see industrial3openings for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward-looking industrialist.
④_____ Seldom happy, he was always4searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth, he had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause. To follow his will, a fund was set up to encourage people to make great progress in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace. ⑤_____
A.After his return, he started researching into bombs.
B. After that he had to experiment on a boat in a lake.
C.Everyone knows the story of his famous invention.
D. That's the Nobel Prize which means great honour to a scientist.
E. Nobel had many patents in Britain and other European countries.
F. Most of his theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange.
G.But Nobel's main concern was never with making money or even with making scientific
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in primary school, I got into a major argument (争论) with a boy named Tom in my class. I can't 1 what it was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson I learnt that day.
I was 2 that I was right and he was wrong, but he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right. Our 3 decided to teach us a very important lesson and came up with a good idea. She 4 both of us up to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object (物体). I could 5 see that it was black. She asked the boy what 6 the object was. "White," he answered in a 7 voice.
I couldn't believe he said the object was white, for it was obviously black! Another 8 started between my classmate and me, this 9 about the colour of the object.
The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed 10 , and now she asked me what the colour of the object was. I had to answer, "White." It was then 11 I realised I was wrong. In fact, it was an object with two 12 coloured sides, and from his side it was white. 13 from my side was it black.
My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: You must 14 yourself in the other person's shoes and look at the 15 through their eyes in order to truly understand their views.
1.A. think B. remember C. forget D. determine
2.A. sure B. told C. afraid D. persuaded
3.A. doctor B. parent C. partner D. teacher
4.A. woke B. brought C. advised D. came
5.A. clearly B. happily C. luckily D. nearly
6.A. height B. colour C. size D. shape
7.A. sweet B. loud C. fearful D. grateful
8.A. match B. fight C. argument D. conversation
9.A. day B. time C. chance D. month
10.A. desks B. seats C. attitudes D. places
11.A. when B. before C. that D. since
12.A. loosely B. frequently C. differently D. beautifully
13.A. Still B. Then C. Also D. Only
14.A. sit B. stand C. lie D. put
15.A. performance B. loneliness C. movement D. situation
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child can ① _____ (shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills, read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ②_____ a particular kind of adult," she said.
The "gardener", however, is seldom concerned about ③_____ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ④_____ (explore). The style is all about "creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem".
Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said, "Many parents are carpenters, and ⑤_____ is really necessary for them to bring up children." She spent decades researching children's development and ⑥_____ (find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their offspring (子女) may become ⑦_____ (anxiety), tense or unhappy.
"We're so concerned about our children ⑧_____ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ⑨_____ (free) explore the world," she said. The truth is that the ⑩_____ (little) parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是中学生李华，你作为学校代表访问了加拿大的姐妹学校，现已回国。请你给该校校长Mr. White发一封邮件表示感谢，内容包括：
1. 感谢对方接待；
2. 访问期间收获；
3. 邀请对方来访。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tom was working in a big company. He had been on the road visiting people for more than a month without going home. He couldn't wait to get back to see his wife and children. It was coming up on Mother's Day, and he usually tried to make it "back home", but this year he was just too busy and too tired. The day when he was driving in a small town, he saw a flower shop. He said to himself, "I know what I will do. I'll send my mother some roses."
He stopped and went into the flower shop and saw a boy talking to the girl in it. "How many roses can I get for five dollars " the boy asked. The girl was trying to explain that roses were expensive. Maybe the boy would be happy with something else.
"No. I have to buy roses," he said. "My mom was badly sick last year and I didn't get to spend much time with her. I want to get something special. It has to be red roses, because those are her favorite." He was stubborn.
The girl in the shop looked up at Tom and was just shaking her head. Something inside of Tom was touched by the boy's voice. He wanted to get those roses so badly. Tom had been blessed(幸运的) in his business, and he looked at the girl and silently said that he would pay for the boy's roses.
The girl looked at the boy and said, "OK, I will give you a dozen red roses for your dollars." The young man almost jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran out of the store. It was worth more than fifty dollars just to see that kind of excitement.
Tom ordered his own flowers and asked the girl to have them delivered (递送) to his mother. After that, with relief he drove down the road. Not long after his driving, he saw the boy walking to a graveyard (墓地).
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tom stopped his car and followed the boy. ____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tom went into the car in tears.______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.CBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Undset received the Prize in 1928, for her powerful description of life during the Middle Ages in Scandinavia.可知,1928年,Sigrid Undset因她对斯堪的纳维亚中世纪生活的有力描述而获得该奖。据此可知,Sigrid Undset因她的书而闻名。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Born in 1906 in Germany, Maria Goeppert-Mayer moved to the US with her husband Joseph Edward Mayer, a chemist, in 1930.和she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with...可知,Maria Goeppert-Mayer 于1906年出生于德国,与别人一起获得了1963年的诺贝尔物理学奖。据此可知,Maria Goeppert-Mayer获得诺贝尔物理学奖时是57岁。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据文章尾句Her work on mapping vitamin B12 earned her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964.可知,她绘制维生素B12图谱的工作为她赢得了1964年的诺贝尔化学奖。据此可知,获得诺贝尔化学奖的是Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OM。故选D。
B
答案：1-4CDAB
解析：1.推理判断题.根据第一段第一句...whether the birds out on the ice were ducks or geese. 和第二句中的to get a better look可知应选C.
2.词义猜测题.根据第一段最后一句中的he fell through the seemingly frozen surface 可知,冰面只是看上去冻住了.又根据画线词所在句的上一句Cruz managed to lift himself out of the extremely cold water and onto a more solid section.可知, Cruz好不容易把自己从冰冷的水里救出来,上了一个(冰面) 较坚固的地方,所以可推断画线词表示他应该是很小心地朝着Anthony的方向去. cautiously 谨慎地;小心翼翼地。故选D。
3.细节理解题.根据第四段中的Anthony's older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming 以及第五段第一句John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. 可知是Anthony的姐姐的喊救命的声音让他注意到了这两个孩子。故选A。
4.推理判断题.根据全文可知,邻居John Lavin冒着生命危险救了两个掉进冰水里的少年,可以推断他是一个热心和勇敢的人。故选B。
C
答案：1-4 BCDB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中"What sets ByteDance apart is its success in the social media category, which is controlled by Facebook ,Twitter and Snap—all Western companies" ByteDance 的与众不同之处在于它在社交媒体领域的成功,这一领域由 Facebook, Twitter和Snap等全是西方公司控制)可知, ByteDance的特殊之处是它的应用程序挑战了西方世界类似公司的规则。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中"On Douyin, people can edit and beautify 15-second videos before posting them online. The app has even made a phrase to describe people glued to their customized feeds:'shua Douyin' or 'scrolling through Douyin'" (在抖音上,人们可以对15秒的视频进行编辑和美化,然后再发布到网上。该应用甚至还创造了一个短语来形容那些被粘在定制feed上的人:"刷枓音"或"滚动刷抖音")可推断,抖音如此受欢迎是因为它满足了个人的需求。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中"Investors Hke ByteDance because its hundreds of millions of users attract a lot of advertising money"(投资者之所以喜欢字节跳动,是因为它数以亿计的用户吸引了大量的广告收入)可知,Byte Dance通过对广告收费获得利润。故选D。
4.词义猜测题。根据第三段中"Investors like ByteDance because its hundreds of millions of users attract a Jot of advertising money"(投资者之所以喜欢字节跳动,是因为它数以亿计的用户吸引了大量的广告收入)和"because they attract a lot of users in their teens and 20s, who are more generous with the money"(因为他们吸引了很多十几、二十几岁的用户,他们花钱更大方)可知,字节跳动是"赚钱的",所以画线词的意思是"有利可图的,赚钱的"。故选B。
D
答案：1-4DACB
解析：1.根据第一段中的"Now, a study newly conducts shows the visitors may be leaving behind harmful bacteria which could destroy that area's bird population"以及第三段中的"The results of their study showed the presence of several types of human bacteria in the bird waste"可知，游客使南极洲的鸟类面临人类的有害细菌，故D项正确。故选D。
2.根据第二段中的"Researchers, however, believed that Antarctic animals，which had no recorded reverse (反向的）cases of zoonoses, were not affected by the danger due to the extreme environment"可知,研究者认为南极洲的动物不会受这种危险影响，因为该地极端的自然环境，即天气特别寒冷，故A项正确。故选A。
3.根据最后一段中的"The researcher also fears the presence of these bacteria could foresee the arrival of other, more deadly, pathogens as the number of people visiting the area increases"和" While we should do as much as possible to reduce the spread"可知, Cerda-Cuellar担心游客数量增加会导致其他更致命的病原体的到来，她认为应该尽可能减少病原体的传播，故C项"限制到南极洲的游客数量"正确。故选C。
4.本文展示了一项新的研究发现—游客带去的细菌对南极洲生物有潜在威胁，并介绍了研究的过程等，故可推断该文章属于科学范畴。故选B。
第二节
答案：ABEGD
解析：①根据上文"Nobel studied in the US and then Russia between 1850 and 1859.(诺贝尔在1850年到1859年间先后在美国和俄罗斯学习。)"以及下文"As is known, bomb is dangerous to life, but Nobel was working under that condition.(众所周知,炸弹对生命是危险的,但诺贝尔是在那种条件下工作的。)"可知,上文提到诺贝尔出国留学,下文提到炸弹危险,由此可知本句是在说明诺贝尔留学归来开始研究炸弹。故A选项"他回来后,开始致力于炸弹的研究。"符合语境。故选A。
②根据上文"Once a big explosion in his lab completely destroyed the lab and caused some deaths.(有一次,他的实验室发生了一次大爆炸,彻底摧毁了实验室,造成了一些人的死亡。)"可知,本句应当承接上文说明这次实验室爆炸造成的结果。故B选项"在那次(实验)后,他不得不在湖里的一艘船上做实验。"符合语境。故选B。
③根据下文"He was quick to see industrial openings for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward-looking industrialist.(他很快就看到了他的科学发明的工业机会,并在20个不同的国家建立了80多家公司。的确,他的伟大之处在于他有杰出的能力,能将有独创性的科学家的品质与前瞻性的工业家的品质结合起来。)"可知,下文提到诺贝尔在不同的国家建立了公司,说明他在其他国家有很多专利。故E选项"诺贝尔在英国及欧洲其他国家有很多专利。"符合语境。故选E。
④根据下文"Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth, he had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause.(他很少快乐,总是在寻找生活的意义,从青年时代起,他就对文学和哲学产生了浓厚的兴趣。然而,他最大的愿望是结束战争,从而实现国家间的和平,他为此花费了大量的时间和金钱。)"可知,下文提到诺贝尔总是在寻找生活的意义,从年轻时起,他就对文学和哲学产生了浓厚的兴趣,说明本句启示下文:诺贝尔的主要关注点并不是赚钱,故G选项"但诺贝尔的主要关注点从来都不是赚钱,甚至也不是科学发现。"符合语境。故选G。
⑤根据上文"To follow his will, a fund was set up to encourage people to make great progress in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace.(为了遵循他的意愿,设立了一个基金来鼓励人们在物理学、化学、生理学、医学、文学和和平方面取得巨大的进步。)"可知,为了遵循和秉承诺贝尔的意志,在各领域均设立了一种奖项,目的是鼓励更多的人像他一样开拓进取。故可以判断,本句是对上文的总结,故D选项"那就是诺贝尔奖,对科学家来说意味着巨大的荣誉。"符合语境。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 BADBA 6-10 BBCBD 11-15 CCDDD
解析：1.句意为：我不记得争论的是什么，但我永远忘不了那天学到的教训。连词but表达转折之意，所以设空处应与forgotten意义相反。故选B。
2.句意为：我确定我是对的，他是错的；而他坚信他是对的，我是错的。根据but后的strongly believed可知此处选A。be sure (that)...意为"确信……"。故选A。
3.根据第四段第一句中的The teacher可知，是老师决定给"我们"上一课。故选D。
4.句意为：她把我们两个带到班级前面，让他待在讲桌的一边，而我待在另一边。bring sb to...意为"把某人带到……"。故选B。
5.句意为：我可以清楚地看到它是黑色的。根据下一段第一句I couldn't believe he said the object was white, for it was obviously black！可知，"我"看得很清楚。故选A。
6.句意为：她问那个男孩这个物体是什么颜色。根据设空后的White可知，老师问的是颜色。故选B。
7.因为他在讲桌的一边站着，也看清了物体的颜色，所以他大声说出了答案。故选B。
8."我"认为那个物体是黑色的，而他认为是白色的，再根据第一段第一句中的a major argument可知，此处表示两人又一次开始争论起来。故选C。
9.句意为：……这次是为这个物体的颜色（而争论）。故选B。
10.老师让作者和他的同学互换位置进行观察。故选D。
11.句意为：就在那个时候我意识到我错了。此句为强调句，被强调部分是then。故选C。
12.从同学的角度看是白色，从作者的角度看是黑色，其实是一个物体两边有不同的颜色。故选C。
13.根据语境可知，只有从作者这一面看它才是黑色的。故选D。
14.句意为：为了能真正理解他们的想法，你必须换位思考并从别人的视角来看问题。put yourself in sb's shoes意为"（设想）处于某人的地位或处境"。故选D。
15.句意见上一题解析。situation意为"形势；情况"，符合句意。故选D。
第二节
答案：①be shaped ②into ③controlling ④to explore ⑤it ⑥found ⑦anxious ⑧who/that ⑨freely ⑩less
解析：①句意为："木匠型"父母认为他/她的孩子可以被塑造。设空处为从句的谓语动词，从句主语his or her child 与shape之间是被动关系，且设空处前是情态动词can。故填be shaped。
②句意为：她说："这种观点认为，只要做正确的事情、习得正确的技能、读正确的书，你就能将你的孩子培养成某种类型的成年人。" turn...into...为固定搭配，意为"将……变成……"。故填into。
③句意为：然而，"园丁型"父母很少干涉孩子成为什么样的人，相反，他/她会提供一个受保护的空间供孩子去探索。设空处作介词about的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填controlling。
④句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to explore。
⑤句意为：……"许多父母都是'木匠型'父母，教养孩子对他们来说很必要。"此处为"it is +形容词+for sb + to do sth"句型，意为"对某人来说，做某事是……的"，其中，it作形式主语。故填it。
⑥句意为：她花了几十年的时间研究儿童的成长并发现父母往往过于关注孩子长大后成为什么样的人。设空处为句子的谓语，与spent为并列关系，此处应用一般过去时。故填found。
⑦句意为：这样做的危害是父母以及他们的子女可能会变得焦虑、紧张或不开心。设空处作become的表语，与tense 及unhappy为并列关系。故填anxious。
⑧句意为：她说："我们认为我们的孩子很难掌控其未来，我们忧心忡忡，以至于不愿让他们自由地探索世界。"分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是our children，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用who或that引导该从句。此处we think 是插入语。故填who/that。
⑨句意见上一题解析。设空处修饰动词explore，应用副词，意为"自由地"。故填freely。
⑩句意为：事实上，父母对结果担心越少，他们的孩子就越可能生活得更好。此处为"the+比较级...，the+比较级..."结构，意为"越……越……"。故填less。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Mr. White,
I'm writing to extend our sincere gratitude to you for your hospitality during our stay in Canada.
We were deeply impressed by the comfortable accommodation and the superb local cuisine you arranged for us. And the activities you organized not only broadened our horizons but promoted our mutual understanding. We now have a deeper insight into Canadian culture.
Thanks again for all your efforts. We do hope you can visit our school in the near future!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Tom stopped his car and followed the boy. He went up to a small monument and knelt down. He carefully put the flowers before it and began to sob. "Dear Mom, I love you. But how I regret I didn't tell you when you were with me. I knew you loved roses, but why didn't I send the flowers to you when I could still see you and talk with you Now, you have gone to another world. How I regret I didn't tell you I love you so much!"
Tom went into the car in tears. His mother's home wasn't far from here, but he hadn't seen her for so long a time. He didn't have a talk with her and say how much he loved her for so long a time. He turned the car and drove towards the road quickly to the flower shop. He asked the girl to give back the flowers because he wanted to send them personally to his mom.
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