北师大版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit 6 The Media A卷 基础夯实单元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 6 The Media A卷 基础夯实—2023-2024学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第二册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
While the UK's music festivals are world-famous, there are much more to celebrate in the country.
Burns Night, Scotland
On 25 January, the Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotland's national poet Robert Burns by holding a special Bums Supper. This can be a casual gathering of friends or a huge formal dinner. Guests take it in turn to recite Burns' poems or sing one of his songs.
Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales
For 10 days from May to June each year, the small town of Hay-on-Wye on the edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales is filled with writers, filmmakers, musicians, comedians, politicians and people who come to hear them talk and exchange ideas. The festival celebrates great writing of all genres (体裁) and it all takes place in a tented village in the town.
Camp Bestival, Dorset
As a branch of a festival held in Dorset, it's one of the best family festivals in the UK. Held in July every year in the grounds of the historic Lulworth Castle in Dorset, the festival includes top live music acts, with a wide variety of entertainments and workshops for kids.
Guy Fawkes Day or Bonfire Night
All over the UK on 5 November, the British light bonfires and set off fireworks in their back gardens or, more commonly these days, at organized events in public parks. They celebrate Guy Fawkes' failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5 November, 1605.
1.Which festivals are related to literature
A.Burns Night and Hay Festival. B.Hay Festival and Camp Bestival.
C.Burns Night and Guy Fawkes Day. D.Camp Bestival and Guy Fawkes Day.
2.When does the festival most appealing to children take place
A.In January. B.In May. C.In July. D.In November.
3.What does Guy Fawkes Day celebrate
A.A historical event. B.A successful explosion.
C.An organized strike. D.An impressive building.
B
Four days of fun, sun and celebrities, as well as networking, career workshops and mentoring, were in store for two Long Island teens chosen to take part in the 12th annual Disney Dreamers Academy (DDA) at Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando, Florida. Chosen from thousands of applicants, Tianna Gonzales and Kaiya Simmons were part of a group of 100 young people who marched in the Magic Kingdom Parade and made conversation with Academy Awardwinning costume designer Ruth E. Carter and actor Miles Brown.
Born in Charleston, South Carolina, Kaiya Simmons, 14, moved to Miller Place at the age of 3. A ninth grader at Miss Porter's School, Kaiya says she enjoys acting, art and science and is currently studying environmental science. "It is fun learning about the environment and different ways to help protect it," Kaiya says. "I am also learning different techniques to improve my acting on stage and in films." After high school, Kaiya hopes to attend Yale University and pursue a career as a doctor.
Tianna Gonzales, a 10th grader at Sachem High School North, is interested in psychology and music and plays the saxophone (an instrument) for the school's marching band, orchestra and symphonic band. Other school activities she participates in include track, Model United Nations, Foreign Language Honor Society and Art Club Honor Society. "Once I graduate, I plan to work in the film world, hopefully attending New York University or New York Film Academy," she says. "Through storytelling, we can shape this century to be an even stronger attraction for societal change."
The Disney Dreamers Academy is aimed at helping to inspire young people during a critical time of their development. "Our goal is to help them see the unlimited possibilities and to inspire them to achieve their purpose — to become the heroes of their own stories," says Tracey D. Powell, vice president of Walt Disney World Resort.
1.What can we know about the two Long Island teens
A.They experienced four days of fun in a store.
B.They communicated closely with two celebrities.
C.They took part in a costume design competition.
D.They're recognized as celebrities by the 12th annual DDA.
2.What is Kaiya's dream after graduating
A.To become a movie actress. B.To study environmental science further.
C.To take up a job as a doctor. D.To return to her hometown Miller Place.
3.What can best describe Tianna
A.Creative and serious. B.Ambitious and responsible.
C.Friendly but careless. D.Determined but traditional.
4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A.To introduce the aim of the DDA.
B.To educate the teens to study hard.
C.To encourage more teens to take part in the DDA.
D.To provide information about the participants of the DDA.
C
Many people believe that there is one form of their language that is more correct than others. They may believe, for example, that British English is more correct than other varieties, or that written English is more correct than spoken English, or that standard spoken forms are more correct than dialect forms. Often this belief is supported by reference books about grammar, usage guides or dictionaries: If something goes against a rule in a grammar, or if the word isn't in the dictionary, it "must be wrong". Since the reference books are most often based on the observation of the standard written language, the argument is really circular: These books will naturally describe standard usage, because that is what they are for, but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usages that are less often described.
A better way of looking at things is to say that certain usage is "correct in its place". Standard American English is correct in America; British English is correct in Britain; spoken grammar is accepted in casual speech, and formal written grammar is employed in formal writing. So this means there is no answer to the question: "What kind of English should learners study " It depends on their purposes. For many learners, the best model is either of the two main standard varieties: British or American English. Neither of these is "better" than the other, and they are both used and understood worldwide.
People are also worried by language change. If younger people "break" the rules that older people have learnt, or use language in new ways, older people often feel disturbed: They are concerned that younger people no longer know their grammar, and that the language is going downhill. This is a needless worry: Change is natural and inevitable; it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a language's efficiency as a communicative tool. A great deal of modern English grammar would have been wrong three hundred years ago, and will perhaps be wrong again three hundred years from now.
1.What can you learn from Paragraph 1
A.Learners are always confused by the reference books.
B.Usages not mentioned in the reference books are not necessarily wrong.
C.Nobody can challenge the authority of the reference books.
D.Some wrong usages can be found in the reference books.
2.What does the author imply in Paragraph 2
A.Big differences exist between British English and American English.
B.American English is better for learners than British English.
C.A learner should master all the distinctions of different kinds of English.
D.Standard English varies according to different situations.
3.Which word can replace the underlined word "inevitable" in Paragraph 3
A.Avoidable. B.Certain. C.Formal. D.Temporary.
4.What is the author's attitude towards the changes of English
A.Disturbed. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Acceptable.
D
Pranavh Joshua Vallabhaneni and his family were preparing for a new addition — Pranavh's baby brother — and it got his inventive juices flowing.
He kept hearing tragic stories regarding babies being left in hot cars. "I started to think about why and how to help prevent the issue," Pranavh said. His brother Jayden is now four. Pranavh has worked tirelessly since before Jayden's birth to help prevent car deaths among young kids. More than 940 children have died in hot cars in the US since 1990, according to kidsandcars.org. "The most tragic part is that over 50 percent of hot-car child deaths have happened because parents forgot that their children were in cars," Pranavh said.
So he began inventing and came up with the Baby Saver — Hot Car Alert(警报) Device. It sends different automated alerts to parents and local authorities when the temperature inside the car crosses certain thresholds(临界点). At the first threshold, an alert will be sent to the parents' mobile devices. At the second threshold, a buzzer will sound in the car, drawing attention to the vehicle. At the third threshold, an alert will be sent to local authorities, providing GPS coordinates of the vehicle and letting them know of the potentially mortal condition inside of it.
He started developing the concept as an experiment in his science class and kept expanding upon it. In July, his creation was praised at the Invention Convention Worldwide, a global K-12 education program. And he scored first place for the safety award during the 2020 Virtual Awards Ceremony. "Pranavh is a shining example of what determination and innovative problem-solving can achieve," said Lucie Howell, chief learning officer of the Henry Ford Museum of American Innovation.
Pranavh is applying for patents to get his invention to the public. He plans to contact car makers and home security companies to use the device on a larger scale. "It is an amazing feeling, especially seeing how it grew from an idea to a full-blown invention," he said. "I hope it will save lives and make the world a better place."
1.Why did Pranavh invent the Baby Saver — Hot Car Alert Device
A.To prepare a gift for his younger brother.
B.To make money by guaranteeing child safety.
C.To prevent children from dying in hot cars.
D.To urge parents to take care of their children.
2.What will happen if the temperature inside the car crosses the last threshold
A.The car's GPS will send alerts to the parents.
B.An alert will be sent to mobile devices nearby.
C.Children will be able to press the buzzer to send alerts.
D.Local authorities will be informed of possible dangers.
3.What does the underlined word "mortal" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Fatal. B.Favorable. C.Superior. D.Unacceptable.
4.What will Pranavh do with his invention next
A.Do further research on it. B.Donate it to car producers.
C.Sell it to the government. D.Put it into practice.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Few things feel as painful as rejection. Rejection means not being invited to a friend's party. Rejection means having your actions criticised. Rejection means failure when you're trying to sell your idea. Every "no" indicates a door closed to you. ①_____
Developing your self-confidence is the key. Rejection is simply the reaction or opinion of another person. ②_____ Never think you are worthless or unlovable. What you should do is make a list of things you have done well or contributions you have made. Review them every day. Fill your nighttime and early morning brain with confidence.
Rejection will enhance(增加) whatever negative things you say to yourself. Even the most successful and confident people feel downhearted when rejected, but most of them never tell themselves how terrible they are. ③_____ Make sure what you say to yourself builds yourself up instead of tearing yourself down.
④_____ Instead, they view it as an opportunity to further understand human relationships and inner strength. They avoid the pain of rejection and put rejection into context(情境). Using rejection to your advantage involves looking on every blow as a learning experience. It also involves learning and growing from negative voices.
⑤_____ You can feel the pain as you like, crying or locking yourself in, but don't let it become a long-term visitor. It is wise of you to respond positively and effectively.
A. Rejection is a learning experience.
B. It's powerless without your cooperation.
C. So you should practice positive self-talk.
D. It's normal to feel upset about rejection.
E. Therefore, it is vital to develop effective responses.
F. Rejection is beneficial to those who make full use of it.
G. Those who transform rejection understand it is not about experiencing loss.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year, I attended a class and discussed the topic of "paper books or e-books" with my classmates. The discussion was lively, but was left 1 because of several pros and cons(利弊) of both types of books and the personal 2 of different students.
According to an article from LA Times, a study discovered that 92% of 300 college students in America and other three countries 3 physical paper books. Many participants reported they had headaches for long screen time and are easily 4 when sliding colorful pages.
I 5 that the 92 percentage is true, not just because it is the result of a study. Paper books can 6 another perspective(感受) to your reading experience through the 7 smell of the book, the feel of the 8 between your fingertips and the sense of progress being made throughout your reading.
However, pleasure comes at a 9 . Physical books aren't cheap and 10 much room. As a person who moves often and loves written words, it can be a big 11 to move my mini library from one place to another, not to mention the money to buy those books. 12 , besides taking up less space, e-books are more 13 than traditional books. Yet those 14 didn't keep my interest for long. Nothing 15 the comforting feeling of curling up(蜷缩) with a hot cup of tea and a book.
1.A.unheard B.untouched C.unsolved D.unexplained
2.A.decisions B.suggestions C.worries D.preferences
3.A.refused B.favoured C.disliked D.trusted
4.A.carried away B.taken in C.worn out D.fed up
5.A.doubt B.believe C.assess D.confirm
6.A.ruin B.compare C.block D.bring
7.A.unique B.bad C.common D.strange
8.A.stories B.pages C.characters D.bookmarks
9.A.price B.loss C.speed D.time
10.A.occupy B.create C.waste D.make
11.A.relief B.reward C.headache D.mistake
12.A.In other words B.As a result C.In addition D.On the other hand
13.A.available B.costly C.affordable D.reliable
14.A.disadvantages B.benefits C.thoughts D.challenges
15.A.involves B.deserves C.beats D.expresses
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One important early rail line was the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, ①_____(complete) in 1909. Other rail lines then under development relied on Western financing and assistance, ②_____ Zhangjiakou was an important trading post with Russia and the Chinese government felt the line was a high priority, so it decided that the construction should be done all by the Chinese. Hence Zhan Tianyou ③_____(give) this important job. When he was 12, he was sent by the government to study in the US, ④_____ he graduated from high school and Yale University. After his return to China, he gained experience ⑤_____(work) on the railroad between Beijing and Shenyang, before being given the ⑥_____(responsible) for building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Through his skill, the railroad was finished two years ahead of schedule.
⑦_____(unfortunate), the development of the Chinese rail networks ⑧_____(be) soon stalled by war.
In the 1950s, the government began ⑨_____ renewed push to develop the rail networks, repairing damaged lines, filling the gaps and lengthening lines still ⑩_____(far) so that most of the major cities could be connected.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是某国际学校的学生李华，为了丰富同学们的校 园生活，给英语学习者提供相互交流的好机会，你校决定开办英语角。请你以学生会的名义写一则书面通知。内容包括：
1. 举行开幕式的时间及地点；
2. 英语角活动的内容；
3. 参与的人员。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：开幕式opening ceremony
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One fall, my wife Elli and I had a single goal: to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside "the polar bear capital of the world"—the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes, that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner, a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear, hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though---he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way, but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter, I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears' eyes, but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and, through the fence, sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫), the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp.__________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that very moment, the helicopter arrived.____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.ACA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据Burns Night, Scotland中的"the Scots celebrate the life and works of Scotland's national poet Robert Burns"以及Hay Festival, Hay-on-Wye, Wales中的"The festival celebrates great writing of all genres(体裁)"可知,Burns Night和Hay Festival这两个节日与文学有关。故选A。
2.考查细节理解。根据Camp Bestival, Dorset中的"with a wide variety of entertainments and workshops for kids"以及"Held in July every year"可知,Camp Bestival是最吸引孩子的节日,于每年7月举行。故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据Guy Fawkes Day or Bonfire Night中的"They celebrate Guy Fawkes' failed attempt to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5 November, 1605"可知,人们在Guy Fawkes Day庆祝的是一件历史事件:Guy Fawkes在1605年11月5日炸毁议会大厦失败。故选A。
B
答案：1-4.BCBA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Chosen from thousands of applicants, Tianna Gonzales and Kaiya Simmons... made conversation with Academy Award-winning costume designer Ruth E. Carter and actor Miles Brown"可知,Tianna Gonzales和Kaiya Simmons从数千名申请者中被选中,他们参加了Magic Kingdom Parade,并与获得奥斯卡金像奖的服装设计师Ruth E. Carter和演员Miles Brown进行了交谈。故选B。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"After high school, Kaiya hopes to attend Yale University and pursue a career as a doctor"可知,Kaiya希望高中毕业后能上耶鲁大学,成为一名医生。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。根据第三段中Tianna所说的"Once I graduate, I plan to work in the film world, hopefully attending New York University or New York Film Academy"可知,她有雄心、有抱负;由"Through storytelling, we can shape this century to be an even stronger attraction for societal change"可知,她勇于承担社会责任,是一个有责任心的人。故选B。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The Disney Dreamers Academy is aimed at... to become the heroes of their own stories"可知,文章最后一段介绍了Disney Dreamers Academy活动的目的。故选A。
C
答案：1-4 BDBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Since the reference books are most often based on the observation of the standard written language, the argument is really circular: These books will naturally describe standard usage, because that is what they are for, but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usages that are less often described.可知, 由于参考书通常是基于对标准书面语言的观察, 所以这个论点实际上是循环的: 这些书自然会描述标准用法, 因为这是它们的目的; 但这并不意味着较少被描述的其他种类的用法有任何问题。B项意为"参考书中没有提到的用法不一定是错的"符合题意。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句So this means there is no answer to the question: "What kind of English should learners study "可知, "学习者应该学什么样的英语 "这个问题没有答案, 此句为本段主旨句, D项意为"标准英语根据不同情况而变化", 符合题意。故选D。
3.词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的it cannot be stopped可知, 变化是不能停止的, 故此处应该与其同义, 表示变化是自然的, 无法停止且不可抗拒。故猜测画线词inevitable意为"必然发生的; 无法避免的"。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三句This is a needless worry: Change is natural and inevitable; it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a language's efficiency as a communicative tool.可知, 作者认为这是一个不必要的担忧, 即对于英语的变化, 作者觉得是可以接受的。故选D。
D
答案：1-4.CDAD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"He kept hearing tragic stories regarding babies being left in hot cars"和"think about why and how to help prevent the issue"可知,他发明这一装置的原因是想阻止婴儿死于炎热的车里。故选C。
2.考查细节理解。根据题干中的"the last threshold"可知答案出自第三段,由"At the third threshold, an alert will be sent to local authorities, providing GPS coordinates of the vehicle and letting... inside of it"可知,当温度超过第三个临界点,此装置将向地方当局发出警报,让他们知道车内很大可能存在的致命的状况,再联系上文提到这种装置的目的可知,选项D正确。故选D。
3.考查词义猜测。结合文章内容可知,该装置是车内温度报警装置,并会设置三个临界点。而这三个临界点是递进的关系。到第三个临界点时,该装置会向地方当局发出警报,表明此时车内的状况是非常危险的,是致命的,由此可知该词表示"致命的"。故选A。
4.考查推理判断。根据尾段的前两句可知,Pranavh正在申请专利,计划联系汽车制造商和家庭安全公司,以便更大规模地使用该设备,故可推知Pranavh准备将该发明投入生产和使用。故选D。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EBCGD
解析：①空格上句"Every 'no' indicates a door closed to you."讲到被别人拒绝意味着关上一扇门，也就是说是有消极意义的。因此培养有效的回应能力很重要。故选E。
②空格前讲到培养自信是关键，拒绝只是他人的回应或观点。这种拒绝没有你的合作便是无力的。故选B。
③空格前讲到最成功和自信的人被拒绝的时候也很难过，但是多数人不会告诉自己自己有多糟糕。因此建议你也要练习积极的自我对话。空格后面的builds yourself up和C项的positive是同义表达。故选C。
④空格后"Instead, they view it as an opportunity to further understand human relationships and inner strength."意为"相反，他们认为这是一个进一步了解人类关系和内心意志力的机会"。instead表示转折。G项"那些转化拒绝的人明白，拒绝不是经历损失"符合语境。故选G。
⑤空格位于句首，起到总结本段的作用，空格后"You can feel the pain as you like, crying or locking yourself in, but don't let it become a long-term visitor."讲到你可以感受它带来的痛苦，但是不要长期沉浸在其中。D项"关于拒绝你感受到不开心是很正常的"符合语境。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CDBAB 6-10 DABAA 11-15 CDCBC
解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:讨论很热烈,但由于两种类型的书的优缺点以及不同学生的个人喜好,讨论没有得到解决。A.unheard前所未闻的;B.untouched未接触的;C.unsolved未解决的;D.unexplained未得到解释的。根据"because of several pros and cons(利弊) of both types of books and the personal 2 of different students."可知,讨论的问题没有得到解决。故选C。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:讨论很热烈,但由于两种类型的书的优缺点以及不同学生的个人喜好,讨论没有得到解决。A. decisions决定;B. suggestions建议;C. worries担心;D. preferences偏爱。根据"The discussion was lively, but was left 1 "可知,讨论悬而未决是因为同学们的个人喜好不同。personal preference个人喜好。故选D。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:根据《洛杉矶时报》的一篇文章,一项研究发现,在美国和其他三个国家的300名大学生中,92%的人更喜欢纸质书。A. refused拒绝;B. favoured支持;喜爱;C. disliked不喜欢;D. trusted信任。根据"Many participants reported they had headaches for long screen time and arc easily 4 when sliding colorful pages."可知,大多数人都喜欢纸质书。故选B。
4.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:许多参与者声称,他们长时间看屏幕会感到头疼,滑动彩色页面时很容易走神。A. carried away带走;B. taken in吸收;C. worn out疲惫不堪;D. fed up养肥。根据"when sliding colorful pages."可知,许多参与者认为滑动彩色页面时很容易走神。故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我相信92%是正确的,不仅仅因为这是一项研究的结果。A. doubt怀疑;B. believe相信;C. assess评估;D. confirm证实。根据"not just because it is the result of a study. "可知,作者认为92%的人更喜欢纸质书这样的结论是正确的。故选B。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:纸质书可以为你的阅读体验带来另一种视角,通过独特的书的味道,指尖间书页的感觉,以及在阅读过程中取得进展的感觉。A. ruin毁坏;B. compare比较;C. block阻塞;D. bring带来。根据"another perspective(感受) to your reading experience through the 7 smell of the book, the feel of the 8 between your fingertips and the sense of progress being made throughout your reading."可知,这里指阅读纸质书所带来的好处。故选D。
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:纸质书可以为你的阅读体验带来另一种视角,通过独特的书的味道,指尖间书页的感觉,以及在阅读过程中取得进展的感觉。A. unique独特的;B. bad坏的;C. common常见的;D. strange奇怪的。根据语境,这里指纸质书独特的味道。故选A。
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:纸质书可以为你的阅读体验带来另一种视角,通过独特的书的味道,指尖间书页的感觉,以及在阅读过程中取得进展的感觉。A. stories故事;B. pages书页;C. characters角色;D. bookmarks书签。根据"between your fingertips and the sense of progress being made throughout your reading."可知,这里指手指翻纸质书书页的感觉。故选B。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,快乐是有代价的。A. price代价;B. loss损失;C. speed速度;D. time时间。根据转折词"However"和"Physical books aren't cheap and 10 much room."可知,享受纸质书的快乐是有代价的。故选A。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:纸质书并不便宜,而且占用空间很大。A. occupy占据;B. create创造;C. waste浪费;D. make制造。根据"besides taking up less space,"可知,纸质书占很大的空间。故选A。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一个经常搬家并且喜欢书面文字的人,把我的迷你图书馆从一个地方搬到另一个地方是件很头疼的事,更不用说买那些书的钱了。A. relief欣慰;B. reward报答;C. headache头疼;D. mistake错误。根据" move my mini library from one place to another,"可知,搬书是一件头疼的事情。故选C。
12.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:另一方面,除了占用更少的空间,电子书比传统书籍更便宜。 A. In other words换句话说;B. As a result结果;C. In addition此外;D. On the other hand另一方面。这里作者从另一方面来说明电子书的优点。故选D。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:另一方面,除了占用更少的空间,电子书比传统书籍更便宜。A. available可利用的;B. costly昂贵的;C. affordable支付得起的;D. reliable可靠的。根据"Physical books aren't cheap "可知,电子书比传统书籍更便宜。故选C。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然而,这些好处并没有让我长久地保持兴趣。A. disadvantages不利;B. benefits好处;C. thoughts想法;D. challenges挑战。根据转折词"Yet "可知,电子书的好处并没有让作者长久地保持兴趣。故选B。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:没有什么比喝杯热茶看书更舒服的了。A. involves涉及;B. deserves值得;C. beats打败;D. expresses表达。根据"the comforting feeling of curling up(蜷缩)with a hot cup of tea and a book."可知,没有什么能够比得上喝杯热茶看书更舒服的了。beat这里为"比……更好"之意。故选C。
第二节
答案：①completed ②but/yet ③was given ④where ⑤working ⑥responsibility ⑦Unfortunately ⑧was ⑨a ⑩farther/further
解析：①句意为: 一条重要的早期铁路线是1909年建成的京张铁路。本句已有谓语动词was且与设空处无连词连接, 此处用非谓语动词形式, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway和动词complete是逻辑上的被动关系, 用过去分词作名词短语the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway的后置定语。故填completed。
②句意为: 当时正在开发的其他铁路线依赖西方的资助和援助, 但张家口是中俄间的重要贸易站, 中国政府认为这条铁路(的修建)是当务之急, 因此决定修建工作全部由中国人承担。由前后句语义可知, 此处表转折, 应用连词but/yet。故填but/yet。
③句意为: 因此, 詹天佑得到了这份重要的工作。此处缺少谓语, 本文介绍京张铁路线的修建, 是发生在过去的事情, 用一般过去时; 主语Zhan Tianyou和谓语动词give之间为被动关系, 应用一般过去时的被动语态; 主语是第三人称单数, 谓语动词也用单数形式。故填was given。
④句意为: 12岁时, 他被政府派往美国留学, 在那里, 他从高中毕业, 然后又从耶鲁大学毕业。此处是非限制性定语从句, 先行词是the US, 关系词在从句中作地点状语, 应用关系副词where。故填where。
⑤句意为: 回到中国后, 他获得了在北京和沈阳之间的铁路上工作的经验, 后来被赋予修建京张铁路的责任。本句已有谓语动词gained且与设空处之间无连词连接, 此处用非谓语动词形式, 主语he和动词work是逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词作状语。故填working。
⑥句意见上一题解析。设空处作宾语, 应用名词, 当responsibility表示"责任, 负责"时, 为不可数名词。故填responsibility。
⑦句意为: 不幸的是, 中国铁路网的发展很快就因战争而停滞不前。由句意可知, 此处用副词作状语, 修饰后面整个句子, 位于句首, 首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
⑧句意见上一题解析。此处缺少谓语, 本文介绍发生在过去的事情, 用一般过去时; 主语the development of the Chinese rail networks和动词stall是被动关系, 用被动语态; 主语是单数, 谓语也用单数形式。故填was。
⑨句意为: 在20世纪50年代, 政府开始为发展铁路网络重新做出努力, 修复受损的线路、填补缺口、更进一步延长线路, 以便将大部分主要城市连接起来。此处泛指"一次重新开始的努力", renewed的发音以辅音音素开头, 应用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑩句意见上一题解析。由句意和空前的still可知, 此处指"更进一步延长线路", 应用副词far的比较级farther/further。故填farther/further。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Notice
Dear students,
To make our school life wonderful and provide a good chance for English learners to communicate with each other easily, our school has been planning to start the English corner. The opening ceremony will be held at 3 pm on Friday in front of the lab building. You can come to tell English stories, sing English songs and learn about culture. Some English teachers will also be present at the activity. If you are interested, please come and join us.
Students' Union
第二节
答案：
A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. Having been angered by the spay, the bear started pounding the fence violently. I felt an urge to do sth, but my body froze from terror. At this critical moment, Elli ran out of the cabin with a bag of garlic bread. Before I realized her intensions, she threw the bag over the fence, which landed in a bush far away. At this sight, the bag walked from the fence and starting making its way toward the bush.
At that moment, the helicopter arrived. The roar of the engine shocked the young bear away. We gratefully ran towards the helicopter. As we circled the snowy area. I took some more photographs of the bear racing along with the snow. Gradually, our heartbeats returned to normal as we got closer to the main camp. I looked through the pictures I had taken: a little danger was worth the reward of my close-ups of a hungry, young polar bear!
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