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晋中市博雅培文实验学校高二年级开学考试试题
英 语
（时间：120 分钟 满分：150 分 ）
A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Worried.
How often does Thomas go to the gym
A. Twice a week. B. Three times a week. C. Every day.
What does the woman want to do
A. Join the man in losing weight. B. Stop watching TV at home.
C. Invite the man for supper.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 14 题。
答卷前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。
答题时字迹要清楚、工整，不宜过大，以防试卷不够使用。
本卷共 10 页（以 A4 纸为标准计数），总分为 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。
Why did the man refuse the job
A. He dislikes having business trips. B. The office is far from his home.
C. The company is terrible.
What is the weather like now
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a computer lab.
What does the man like to do in summer
A. Go for a bike ride. B. Play basketball. C. Have a rest.
What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Lawyer and client. C. Boss and secretary.
第二节
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
What did the man do last night
A. He went to Linda’s party. B. He watched over his cousin. C. He visited a friend.
What is Linda like
A. Patient. B. Energetic. C. Interesting.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
How does the woman probably feel in the beginning
What is the man probably
A. A hotel clerk. B. An engineer. C. A pilot.
When did the man see the object
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
What does the man say about the object
A. It flew away quickly. B. It stayed still the whole time.
C. It moved around from time to time.
What does the object look like according to the man
A. Very small. B. Very big. C. Very bright.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。
How does Joshua go to school in Japan
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. On foot.
What does Joshua do first at school
A. Prepare books for class. B. Practice reading and writing.
C. Stand up and bow to the teacher.
Where does Joshua eat lunch
A. In his classroom. B. In the lunchroom. C. In the cafe.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
At what time will the market begin on Fridays
A. 9:00 am. B. 10:00 am. C. 3:00 pm.
Who may perform in the market
A. Student bands. B. Music teachers. C. Some farmers.
What will the first 100 people get on the market’s opening day
A. Free vegetables. B. Free desserts. C. Tickets to a concert.
第二部分 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分；满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项.
A
GET A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE WORLD’S MOST ATTRACTIVE FEATHERED ANIMALS WITH THESE BOOKS
Flamingo (火烈鸟)
Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet
lands and forests of his native Mexico—and beyond—to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, 35.
Around the World in 80 Birds
Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans-Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, 22.
A World on the Wing
Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, 9.99.
Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds
Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos: Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross (信天翁). This is their clever and amusing account. Bradt Guides, 11.99.
By whom is the second costliest book illustrated
A．Claudio Contreras Koob. B．Mike Unwin.
C．Ryuto Miyake. D．Weidensaul.
Which book best suits those concerned about the survival of migratory birds
A．Flamingo. B．Around the World in 80 Birds.
C．A World on the Wing. D．Galapagos: Island of Birds. 23．What feature may Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds have
A．Its humorous description. B．Its romantic style.
C．Its vivid imagination. D．Its moving plot.
B
Kenya has been at the forefront ( 前 沿 ) of the global war on plastic since the government banned single-use plastics in protected areas in June 2020. Unfortunately, the preventive measures have barely received attention. Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily. However, if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic heaps will soon be transformed into colorful bricks.
The materials engineer’s seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017. She quit her job and set up a small lab in her mother’s backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them. But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up.
She says, “I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution. But I was very clear that the solution had to be practical, sustainable, and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable
material to build homes.” Her company produces over 1,500 bricks a day. The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled.
The collected plastic is mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed ( 压缩 ) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than concrete bricks. More importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. “ There is that waste they cannot process anymore; they cannot recycle. That is what we get.” Matee says.
Matee is not nearly done. Her dream is to reduce the mountain of trash to just a hill by increasing production and expanding her offerings. She says, “The more we recycle the plastic, the more we produce affordable housing, the more we created more employment for the youth.” 24．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply
A．Matee’s method can be effective if adopted. B．Matee’s idea has been widely accepted. C．Colorful bricks are in huge demand. D．Plastic waste hasn’t attracted enough attention.
Which of the following can best describe Nzambi Matee
A．Generous and ambitious. B．Confident and grateful.
C．Creative and resolved. D．Optimistic and modest.
What is Nzambi Matee’s ultimate purpose in using a mix of plastic products
A．to build cheaper houses. B．to support the government.
C．to create job opportunities. D．to tackle plastic pollution.
Which of the following is the best title for the text
Kenya: Pioneer in Banning Plastic Single-use Plastics
Nzambi Matee: Innovator in Solving Plastic Waste C．Mix of Plastic Products: A New Construction Material D．Plastic Recycling: A Creative Solution to Pollution
C
The Dead Sea is an amazing wonder of the world:the lowest exposed spot on Earth,where the water is so full of salt that bathers float right to the top.
But today the Dead Sea is drying up, and its banks are collapsing. The water level is dropping close to 4 feet every year. The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep — about 15%shallower, and a third of the surface area, compared to its shape half a century ago.
“You’ve seen a living disaster in front of your eyes,“ says Jake Ben Zaken, an Israeli who says he operates the only passenger boats on the Dead Sea.
As the lake recedes, it changes the landscape around it in both beautiful and harmful ways. Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up. But there are also terrible scenes of beaches and parking lots swallowed up by sinkholes along the shore.
Solutions have been proposed to replenish( 填 满 )the Dead Sea, but no significant action has been taken to prevent its further destruction. Climate change makes recovery of the lake seem even further out of reach.
The Dead Sea is a landlocked lake that’s partly in Jordan, Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank. The lake — named the Dead Sea because it contains too much salt and is not suitable for
aquatic(水生的)life—has been drying up for decades.
”It’s a human-made problem," say environmental researchers and officials. In a region where water is rare, Israel, Jordan and Syria in the last several decades have diverted(改道)the freshwater sources that feed the Dead Sea, for drinking water and irrigation. Plus, Israeli and Jordanian companies evaporate( 蒸 发 )Dead Sea water to harvest its rich minerals for export. The part of the lake with Israeli hotels, a popular spot for tourists to float in Dead Sea water, is actually an artificial evaporation pool in the lake’s southern basin.
How deep was the main part of the Dead Sea 50 years ago probably
About 800 feet. B. About 1,000 feet.
About 1,100 feet. D. About 1,300 feet.
What does the underlined word“recedes”in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Goes up. B. Gets popular. C. Flows over. D. Becomes smaller.
What’s the last paragraph mainly about
A. The solutions to the problem. B. The future of the Dead Sea.
C. The reasons for the problem. D. The situation of the Dead Sea.
Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. The Dead Sea Is Dying B. The Dead Sea Is Recovering
The Dead Sea—a Salty Lake with Minerals
The Dead Sea—a Place for Tourists to Float
D
Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school. But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.
One of the winners of 2022’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal. He received the award with two other chemists for their work on “click chemistry”. Click chemistry describes when scientists create materials that join molecules together even in living things. Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”. He talked about his co-winner, Carolyn Bertozzi. He said, “She has such a broad knowledge of both chemistry and biology and she knows how to use her knowledge in a very skillful way.”
Researchers Michele Root Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”, who have many different interests in both their work and personal lives. Sometimes they are called “Renaissance” men or women.
One winner in medicine, Christiane Nusslein-Volhard, said that during some parts of her life, she made games, drew pictures and wrote a cookbook. She told young scientists to avoid following the “mainstream” and move out of their study areas in order to be independent and original.
Most professionals are not like the prize winners. They are special in that they regularly look for chances to learn new things, even outside of their jobs. Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists.
The researchers say that the Nobel Prize winners have an open mind about their life experiences, unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests.
Dario Fo won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997. He talked about drawing and painting as a way to solve problems that came up in his writing. “When I’m having difficulty with a play, I stop writing so I can draw out the action in pictures,” he said.
Why does the author mention Meldal and Carolyn
To stress their wider range of knowledge.
To explain the meaning of “click chemistry”.
To introduce the significance of their research.
To congratulate them on winning the Nobel Prize.
What do the words “‘Renaissance’ men or women” in Paragraph 3 refer to
Those who explore their interests in their work.
Those who know a lot about many different fields.
Those who have the potential to win the Nobel Prize.
Those who live a life like that of Renaissance people.
What do Nobel Prize winners tend to do
Live a life with a variety of interests.
Follow the popular current of thought.
Focus on their special work to be successful.
Find chances to seek for new things regularly.
What does the example of Dario Fo prove
Hobbies are unique to everyone.
Hobbies are important to inspiration.
Hobbies are the first step to knowledge.
Hobbies bring you energy and excitement.
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People often throw a party to celebrate a variety of occasions. For example, birthdays, graduations, holidays, the end of the semester. the beginning of summer, and so on. If you have ever thrown a party, you must be aware of the biggest problem of waste. 36 .Where does all of this rubbish go It will end up in the landfills. In order to change this situation, it’s important to decrease waste to the most.
37 . As a matter of fact, e-invitations are quick, easy, and more modern than traditional paper invites. 38 . If there are any people in your crowd who say it’s tacky ( 俗 气 的 )to use e-cards, tell them it’s tackier to pollute the environment by using traditional ones. That should keep them quiet.
Reuse and recycle. Reduce waste by buying party foods (with less packaging) and send guests home with leftover shacks. Use plates you can wash and reuse, rather than hand out disposable paper plates for people’s pizza. Make it easy for your guests to recycle. 39 , making it obvious that one is for real rubbish and the other is for recycled goods
Allow each person only one cup. Since everyone has the same cup, it is quite easy to mix up the cups. After you put it down for a second, you can’t recognize which cup belongs to you. Then, you will reach for a totally new one. As the result, after the party, you will find many cups are thrown away, causing a lot of waste. 40 .
Make full use of paper invitations
Send e-invitations instead of paper ones
It’s also the environmentally soundest choice
It’s a good idea to allow guests to take their cups away
Put out two rubbish cans and write something on them clearly
Imagine the mess left from all the parties that are held in the world
Try a new system of handing each guest a cup that you mark with their name
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
47．A．observers B．biologists C．scientists D．leaders 48．A．forgotten B．welcomed C．complex D．significant 49．A．senses B．confirmations C．evidences D．experiences 50．A．aspects B．campaigns C．observations D．attempts 51．A．exceptionally B．naturally C．precisely D．occasionally 52．A．otherwise B．thus C．moreover D．still 53．A．release B．allow C．acquire D．contact 54．A．pictured B．identified C．concentrated D．convinced 55．A．mission B．guideline C．picture D．boundary
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown, Beijing, a village pops up. It 56 (house) a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and Beijing Long Zaitian Shadow Puppet Theater.
Shadow puppetry is seen 57 the prequel ( 先行篇) to film and animation in China.
Have you ever heard someone say that he can’t see the forest for the trees If so, you may have
Besides performances 58
(create) by light and shadow, performers must master
41 what this curious phrase means. If you can see the trees, how is the forest not 42 , too
a 59 (vary) skill set as the plays combine painting, carving, opera and literature. But due to low revenue and a small market, young people are unwilling 60 (learn) shadow puppetry.
This popular phrase accurately describes situations in which people sometimes get so caught up 61 , this particular troupe stands out from the crowd. Average performer age is only 25.
with the 43 that they lose sight of the big picture. 44 , you’re paying so much attention to the trees that you forget that the trees are just part of a larger forest.
This is a problem we all 45 from time to time. When observing our world, it’s easy to focus on the interesting details and 46 larger concepts. For 47 , though, it’s important to be able to focus on both the forest and the trees.
Since the beginning of scientific inquiry thousands of years ago, observations have been
48 . The first scientists used their 49 to see, hear, smell, feel, and taste the world around them. Through these 50 , they learned about their world and began to search for answers to the questions that 51 arose.
Today scientists 52 rely upon their five senses to make observations. However, they also take advantages of modern technologies to make observations with a wide variety of tools. These enable them to “see” the world in ways beyond what their five senses 53 .
From satellite telescopes atomic microscopes, modern scientists use these tools to observe the world in ways never 54 by early scientists. Some of these tools allow them to study small details while others help them to see the big 55 .
41．A．wondered B．assumed C．explained D．described
Moreover, of the 300 performers 62 has trained over the years, many are under 1.4 m in 63 (high). In 2021, the team created Winter Olympics-themed shadow pupets. The troupe also staged different plays 64 (introduce) ice and snow sports through fairy tales.
“ 65 (fortunate), we have these people. They have been devoted to the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade,”said Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western School Shadow Puppetry.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，你班将举行一次以“畅想未来”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你准备一份演讲稿，参加比赛。内容包括：
工作畅想；
业余生活。注意：
写作词数应为 80 左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
42．A．acceptable B．visible C．accessible D．flexible
43．A．origins B．accounts C．territories D．details
44．A．In contrast B．In return C．In other words D．In the meantime 45．A．seek out B．pass by C．agree on D．meet with 46．A．stimulate B．ignore C．comprehend D．demonstrate
Paragraph 2:
Inspired by his advice, I walked toward the classroom, determined to make a change.
第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer, I took
what I could get a teaching job at what I considered a distant wild area: western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen — teaching English．
School started. I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth-grade class who were only six years younger than me. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love for the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs (纸团)and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college, I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. But in fact, humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable. By the time my boss, who was also my taskmaster, known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each other while the girls filed their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn’t happening and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes, he left silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. I felt mildly proud that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next free period, I had to face him.
注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1:
After class, I walked to his office, took a deep breath and opened the door.英语答案及解析
第一部分 听力
Listening Test 20 1～5 ABACC 6~10 BCBBA 11~15 ACABC 16~20 CABAB
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A篇
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本与鸟类有关的书籍。
21．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知Flamingo售价35英镑；Around the World in 80 Birds售价22英镑；A World on the Wing售价9.9英镑；Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds售价11.99英镑。再根据Around the World in 80 Birds部分中“Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake.(Mike Unwin的旅行伴随着Ryuto Miyake的美丽插图)”故第二贵的插图书是Ryuto Miyake写的。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story.(入围普利策奖的Weidensaul站在鸟类迁徙研究的最前沿，他在这里追踪了一些大自然最非凡的旅程。他航行穿过狂风暴雨的白令海，在地中海遇到捕猎者，并拜访印度东北部的前猎头，那里的鸟类迁徙危机已成为保护鸟类的成功案例)”可知，A World on the Wing最适合那些关心候鸟生存的人。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds部分中“This is their clever and amusing account.(这是他们机智而有趣的叙述)”可知，Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds的特色是幽默的描述。故选A。
B篇
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee通过自己的努力，创造性地解决塑料垃圾污染的问题。
24．词义猜测题。根据划线句子前的however可知，该句话的意思与划线句子前的内容为转折关系，根据划线句子前的“Unfortunately, the preventive measures have barely received attention. Hundreds of tons of industrial and consumer polymer waste continue to get dumped into landfills daily.(不幸的是，预防措施几乎没有受到重视。每天仍有数百吨工业和消费聚合物废物被倾倒到垃圾填埋场。)”可知，政府的一些治理塑料污染的预防措施几乎没有取得实质的效果，大量的垃圾仍然被倒进垃圾填埋场，由此可知，划线句子的意思与此相反，应为“如果Matee的方法被采用可能会有效”。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But the determined eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up.(但这位坚定的生态企业家对她的想法充满信心，并没有放弃。)”可知Matee对自己的想法绝不会放弃，说明她很有决心，根据第三段中的“The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.(最好的方法是将废物引导到建筑空间中，并找到最有效和最实惠的材料来建造房屋。)”可知，她认为最好的方法是将废物引入建筑空间，这种想法很有创造性，由以上内容可知，Matee是一个有创造性且有决心的人。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She says, “I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution...The pavers are made using a mix of plastic products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled.( 她说: “我想用我的教育来处理塑料垃圾污染……摊铺机由不能再加工或回收的塑料产品混合制成。)”可知，将塑料产品的混合物做成了铺路砖最终目的是为了解决塑料污染问题。故选D项。
27．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The materials engineer’s seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic pollution began in 2017.(这位材料工程师从2017年开始寻找控制塑料污染的实用解决方案。)”可知，材料工程师Nzambi Matee寻求使用的方法来解决塑料垃圾污染问题，以及第三段中的“She says, “I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution. But I was very clear that the solution had to be practical, sustainable, and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.”(她说：“我想利用我的教育来处理塑料垃圾污染。但我非常清楚，解决方案必须是实用的、可持续的和负担得起的。最好的方法是将废物引导到建筑空间中，并找到最有效和最实惠的材料来建造房屋。”)”可知，她认为解决问题的方法必须是具备实用性，持续性以及负担得起，她提出了将塑料垃圾转换成建筑空间之中的想法，并结合全文可知，本文的标题是“Nzambi Matee：解决塑料垃圾污染问题的创新者”符合文章主题。故选B项。
C篇
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了死海信于以色列、巴勒斯坦、约旦交界，是世界上最低的湖泊。目前由于种种原因，它正在不断干涸、走向死亡。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep—about 15%shallower, and a third of the surface area, compared to its shape half a century ago.”(与半个世纪前相比，湖的主要部分现在大约有950英尺深——大约浅了15%，表面积减少了三分之一。)可知，目前死海主体的深度大约是950英尺，比起半个世纪前变浅了15%。也就是X-15%X=950，可计算出X等于1117，由此可知，50年前死海的主要部分大概有1100英尺深。故选C项。
29．词义猜测题。根据第二段“But today the Dead Sea is drying up, and its banks are collapsing. The water level is dropping close to 4 feet every year. The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep—about 15%shallower, and a third of the surface area, compared to its shape half a century ago.”(但是今天死海正在干涸，它的堤岸正在崩塌。水位每年下降近4英尺。与半个世纪前相比，湖的主要部分现在大约有950英尺深——大约浅了15%，表面积减少了三分之一。)以及第四段中“Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up.”(在水干涸的地方可以看到美丽的盐层。)故可猜测，划线单词recedes为“渐渐退去”的意思，结合选项D项Becomes smaller.(变得越来越小)意思一致，故选D项。
30．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““It’s a human-made problem,” say environmental researchers and officials. In a region where water is rare, Israel, Jordan and Syria in the last several decades have diverted(改道)the freshwater sources that feed the Dead Sea, for drinking water and irrigation. Plus, Israeli and Jordanian companies evaporate(蒸发)Dead Sea water to harvest its rich minerals for export. The part of the lake with Israeli hotels, a popular spot for tourists to float in Dead Sea water, is actually an artificial evaporation pool in the lake’s southern basin.”（“这是人为造成的问题，”环境研究人员和官员说。在这个水资源稀缺的地区，以色列、约旦和叙利亚在过去几十年里将死海的淡水资源用于饮用和灌溉。此外，以色列和约旦的公司蒸发死海的水，以收获丰富的矿物质用于出口。有以色列酒店的那部分湖，是游客在死海水中漂浮的热门地点，实际上是湖南部盆地的一个人工蒸发池。）可知，本段作者主要分析了死海水分流失、逐年变浅的主要原因。故选C项。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“But today the Dead Sea is drying up, and its banks are collapsing.”（但是今天死海正在干涸，它的堤岸正在崩塌。）和“As the lake recedes, it changes the landscape around it in both beautiful and harmful ways. Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up.”（随着湖泊的消退，它以美丽和有害的方式改变了周围的景观。在水干涸的地方可以看到美丽的盐层。）可知，本文主要告诉我们：由于气候变化及人为原因，死海正在不断干涸。故文章最适合的标题是“死海正在消亡”。故选A项。
D篇
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，获得诺贝尔奖的人们往往是具有多种兴趣，在不同的领域具备广博知识的博学者，而不是专业者的情况。
32. 推理判断题。根据第一段的“But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important.(但最近对诺贝尔奖得主的研究表明，更广泛的兴趣很重要)”推知，作者在第二段中提到了2022年获得诺贝尔化学奖的Morten Meldal和Carolyn Bertozzi及他们各自在化学之外的兴趣和知识等，是为了强调他们的广博的知识范畴。故选A。
33.词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Researchers Michele Root Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”, who have many different interests in both their work and personal lives.(研究人员米歇尔·鲁特·伯恩斯坦和罗伯特·鲁特-伯恩斯坦说，大量的诺贝尔奖获得者可以被称为“博学多才”，他们在工作和个人生活中都有许多不同的兴趣)”可知，大量的诺贝尔奖获得者可以被称为“博学多才”，他们在工作和生活有很多不同的兴趣。由此猜测，Renaissance men or women指的是那些懂得不同领域知识的人们。故选B。
34.细节理解题。根据文章中列举获得诺贝尔奖的科学家们的例子以及第六段“The researchers say that the Nobel Prize winners have an open mind about their life experiences, unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests.(研究人员表示，诺贝尔奖得主对自己的生活经历持开放态度，不像许多人把时间花在工作上，放弃了一些业余兴趣)”可知，这些诺贝尔奖获得者们往往倾向于过一种有各种兴趣爱好的生活。故选A。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He talked about drawing and painting as a way to solve problems that came up in his writing. “When I’m having difficulty with a play, I stop writing so I can draw out the action in pictures,” he said.(他谈到绘画是解决写作中出现的问题的一种方式。“当我在写剧本时遇到困难时，我会停止写作，这样我就可以把情节用图片描绘出来，”他说)”推知，Dario Fo的例子证明了业余爱好对于创作灵感的促进作用。故选B。
第二节
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于举办“绿色”环保聚会的建议。
下文“Where does all of this rubbish go It will end up in the landfills.(这些垃圾都去哪儿了？它最终会被扔进垃圾填埋场)”可知，垃圾最终会进入垃圾场造成污染，F项“想象一下世界上所有聚会留下的混乱”和下文构成内容上的承接，说明这些聚会产生的垃圾最终的去向。故选F项。
37．下文“As a matter of fact, e-invitations are quick, easy, and more modern than traditional paper invites.(事实上，电子邀请函比传统的纸质邀请函更快、更简单、更现代)”说明了电子邀请函的优势，是对B项“发送电子邀请函而不是纸质邀请函”的原因说明，和B项构成因果关系。故选B项。
38．下文“If there are any people in your crowd who say it’s tacky (俗气的)to use e-cards, tell them it’s tackier to pollute the environment by using traditional ones. (如果你的人群中有人说使用电子贺卡很俗气，告诉他们使用传统贺卡污染环境更俗气)”说明作者认为电子贺卡不会污染环境，C项“这也是最环保的选择”是对下文内容的概括总结，和下文构成内容上的承接。故选C项。
39．下文“making it obvious that one is for real rubbish and the other is for recycled goods(很明显，一个是放真正的垃圾，另一个是放回收商品)”提到了两个垃圾桶不同的用途，E项“拿出两个垃圾桶，在上面写清楚”和下文构成内容上的承接，表明在垃圾桶上写字的目的是为了能清晰地分辨两个垃圾桶装的不同的物品。故选E项。
40．上文“As the result, after the party, you will find many cups are thrown away, causing a lot of waste.(结果，聚会结束后，你会发现很多杯子被扔掉了，造成了很多浪费)”说明聚会时使用的相同的杯子会造成浪费，G项“尝试一种新的系统，给每位客人一个杯子，上面写着他们的名字”是对上文内容的承接介绍了避免浪费的技巧就是在杯子上写名字，同时也和本段的主题句“Allow each person only one cup.(每人只能拥有一个杯子)”相呼应。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。千百年前，科学家们只能通过感官观察世界，他们往往因为过分注意细节而忽略了事物的整体，造成了“只见树木不见森林”的结果。如今，科学家们通过卫星望远镜、原子显微镜等现代工具观察世界，能更客观地了解世界。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果是这样，你可能想知道这个奇怪的短语是什么意思。A. wondered想知道；B. believed认为；C. explained解释；D. described描述。根据“what this curious phrase means.”可知，对这一奇怪的短语，人们或许会想知道其表达的意思。故选A。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你能看到树，为什么森林看不见？A. acceptable可接受的；B. visible可见的；C. accessible可接近的；D. possible可能的。根据“If you can see the trees,”可知，作者意在表明看见和看不见之间的逻辑关系。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个表述准确地描述了一种情景，人们有时会很在意细节以至于会看不见整体大局。A. reasons原因；B. problems问题；C. effects影响；D. details细节。根据“If you can see the trees, how is the forest not ______, too ”可知，人们会只注意细节而忽略整体大局。故选D。
44．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：换句话说，你太关注这些树了，以至于你忘记了这些树只是更大森林的一部分。A. In contrast比较起来；B. In return作为回报；C. In other words换句话说；D. In the meantime与此同时。根据前文“This popular phrase accurately describes situations in which people sometimes get so caught up with the details that they lose sight of the big picture.”可知，空后与上句的意思一致，所以作者是换句话表达。故选C。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是我们经常遇到的问题。A. seek out搜出；B. pass by经过；C. agree on就……达成一致；D. meet with遇到。根据“from time to time.”和常识可知，“只见树木不见森林”这一问题我们经常遇到。故选D。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们关注自己的世界时，很容易就关注到有趣的细节而忽视了更大的概念。A. catch抓住；B. ignore忽视；C. comprehend理解；D. misuse误用。根据空后的“it’s important to be able to focus on both the forest and the trees.”可知，此处表明我们应该细节与大局兼顾，然而我们很容易注重小细节而忽视整体大局。故选B。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于科学家来说，能够同时关注森林和树木是很重要的。A. observers观察者；B. farmers农夫；C. scientists科学家；D. leaders领先者。根据下文中“Since the beginning of scientific inquiry thousands of years ago, observations have been ______.”可知，对于科学家来说，既关注森林又关注树木是很重要的。故选C。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从几千年前科学探索开始以来，观察一直很重要。A. forgotten被遗忘的；B. welcomed受欢迎的；C. impossible不可能的；D. important重要的。根据下文“The first scientists used their ______ to see, hear, smell, feel, and taste the world around them.”可知，几千年前科学家们通过感官去观察世界，说明观察一直很重要。故选D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家门用感官去看、去听、去闻、去感受、去品尝他们周边的世界。A. senses感官；B. feelings感情；C. environments环境；D. experiences经历。根据空后“see, hear, smell, feel, and taste”可知，这些均为人的感官。故选A。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这些观察，他们了解了自己的世界，并开始寻找自然产生的问题的答案。A. errors错误；B. gifts礼物；C. observations观察；D. inventions发明。根据上文“Since the beginning of scientific inquiry thousands of years ago, observations have been ______.”可知，通过观察来了解世界。这里为原词复现。故选C。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过这些观察，他们了解了自己的世界，并开始寻找自然产生的问题的答案。A. luckily幸运的是；B. naturally自然地；C. exactly确切地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据“they learned about their world and began to search for answers to the questions”可知，科学家们通过这些观察开始了解世界，并探索在这个过程中自然产生的问题的答案。故选B。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当今科学家们依然依赖于他们的五官做观察。A. even甚至；B. yet至今；C. never从不；D. still仍然。根据前段可知，现在的科学家依然还依赖五官进行观察。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使他们能够以超出五感所允许的方式“看”世界。A. release发行；B. allow允许，让；C. prefer宁可；D. enjoy喜欢。根据“However, they also take advantages of modern technologies to make observations with a wide variety of tools.”可知，现代技术和工具的示用让科学家们能够以超出五感所允许的方式“看”世界。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从卫星望远镜到原子显微镜，现代科学家利用这些工具以早期科学家从未想象过的方式观察世界。A. imagined想象；B. suggested建议；C. remembered记住；D. convinced使信服。根据“From satellite telescopes to atomic microscopes,”可知，从卫星望远镜到原子显微镜，现代科学家所使用的这些工具是早起科学家从未想象过的。故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一些工具让他们研究小细节，而另一些工具则帮助他们看到大局。A. cause原因；B. change改变；C. picture局面；D. achievement成就。根据前文“This popular phrase accurately describes situations in which people sometimes get so caught up with the details that they lose sight of the big picture.”可知，有些工具则能帮助科学家们看到整体。此处the big picture指“整体”，不仅见树木，还能见森林。故选C。
第二节 语法填空
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了中国民间古老的传统艺术——皮影戏。
56．考查时态。句意：这里有皮影戏剧团和北京龙在天皮影戏剧院。分析句子成分可知，空格处是本句的谓语动词；house，实义动词，意为“给……提供住所”；又根据前句可知，此句用一般现在时，故填houses。
57．考查介词。句意：皮影戏在中国被视为电影和动画的前传。see...as...意为“把……看作”，是固定搭配。故填as。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了由光影创造的表演，演员必须掌握各种技能，因为戏剧结合了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。分析句子成分可知，空格处是作名词performances的后置定语，且与动词create成被动关系。故填created。
59．考查形容词。句意：除了由光影创造的表演，演员必须掌握各种技能，因为戏剧结合了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。分析句子可知，空格处是用来形容名词skill；vary动词，意为“变化”,various/varied为形容词，意为“各种各样的”。故填various/varied。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：但由于皮影戏收入低，市场小，年轻人不愿意学习皮影戏。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事”，故填to learn。
61．考查副词。句意：然而，这个特殊的剧团在人群中脱颖而出。演员的平均年龄只有25岁。根据句意可知，上文讲年轻人不愿意学习皮影戏。后文讲这个剧团的平均年龄是25岁，前后句意思相反，且用副词连接。故填However。
62．考查代词。句意：此外，在多年来训练的300名表演者中，许多人的身高不到1.4米。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导的句子是定语从句，修饰先行词performers，空格处是定语从句的主语，指代上文中的troupe；先行词在从句中作宾语，省略关系代词。故填it。
63．考查名词。句意：此外，在多年来训练的300名表演者中，许多人的身高不到1.4米。分析句子可知，介词后接名词；height，名词，意为“高度”。故填height。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：剧团还上演了不同的戏剧，通过童话故事介绍冰雪运动。分析句子可知，空格处是非谓语作后置定语修饰名词plays且呈主动关系。故填introducing。
65．考查副词。句意：幸运地是，我们有这些人。根据句意可知，空格处用副词。故填Fortunately。
第四部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
【参考答案】One possible version;
Hello, everyone!
Thanks to the rapid developments in science and technology, I’m sure I will have a happier and more wonderful life in the future. Not only will I have a good job, I can also spend more time traveling around the world and enjoying other recreations, which will make my spare time more interesting and colorful.
Of course, our future life is not just full of fun, but also of challenges. Therefore, we should study harder today and make preparations to face those challenges in the future.
That’s all. Thank you for listening!
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
【参考答案】After class, I walked to his office, took a deep breath and opened the door. My boss was sitting in his chair with a poker face, gazing at me silently. I said nothing, wondering if he would fire me right away. He handed me an envelope, which added to my anxiety at that moment. However, my eyes were wide open when I opened it and read the letter. It was not an unemployment letter but a letter with several suggestions about my teaching, one of which was highlighted in red: An educator should respect students’ feelings. Almost immediately, a surge of warmth rose inside me.
Inspired by his advice, I walked toward the classroom, determined to make a change. As the bell rang, I stood on the platform, eyes wandering across the classroom. I cleared my throat and announced, “Boys and girls, let’s begin with what you think about my literature lesson.” Suddenly, a complete silence fell over the class. Each student lifted their head and cast me a puzzled look. Flashing a smile, I encouraged, “Anything you’d like to say is welcomed!” At this, a ripple of excitement spread through the classroom. The literature class soon amazingly came to life thanks to their brilliant voices. It was at that time that I fully understood what my boss told me: respecting the students instead of ignoring them will make a difference.
