Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习
单词变形
1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸 vt. 给予表扬→__________ adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的
2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→__________ adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的
3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→__________ n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号
4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→__________ n. 决心; 决定→__________ adj. 有决心的
5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→__________ n. 损伤; 伤害→__________ adj. 受伤的→__________ adj. 有害的
6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→__________ adj. 优美的; 优雅的→__________ adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的
7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→__________ n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物)
8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→__________ n. 竞争者; 对手→__________ adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的
9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音 vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→__________ adj. 紧张的; 感到有 压力的→__________ adj. 有压力的
10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→__________ adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的
重点词组
1. __________ 跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快
2. __________ 获得成功; 准时到达
3. __________ 破裂; 破碎; 崩溃
4. __________ 丧失信心; 泄气
5. __________ 放弃; 投降
6. __________ 有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚
7. __________ 即使; 虽然
8. __________ 有作用或影响
9. __________ 而不是
10. __________ 停止做; 剪下
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1 ．He was a ________(fail)as a teacher.
2 ．Thinking is one of the ways that we make sense ________ the world.
3 ．She has the _________ (determine) that her brother lacks.
4 ．The exercises are designed to _______________(strength) your stomach muscles.
5 ．The boy who was caught ________ (cheat) in the exam asked the teacher’s pardon.
6 ．If you try and lift that suitcase, you’ll do yourself an ______ (injure)!
7 ．When we are shopping online, we should keep wise to prevent ourselves from ________ (cheat).
8 ．Everyone should be aware of their own ________ (strong) and weaknesses.
9 ．The bike is equipped with a computer_________(track) system to record their every move!
10．More than 10,000 ________ (compete) from different countries came to the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and competed ________ medals.
11 ．Zhang Zhongjing _________ (honor) as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
12 ．I ran desperately but failed _________ (catch) up.
13 ．Thankfully, she was not _________ (injure).
14 ．All these new buildings were designed in a traditional way ________ (fit) into the natural environment.
15 ．I think you can make_______________if you follow the advice below．
16 ．She has a ________ (stress) job as a saleswoman and she has been so stressed these days.
17 ．It took Susan weeks to regain her ______ (strong) after a bad illness.
18 ．He fought the illness with courage and ____________ (determine).
19 ．She decided to go on ________diet every day to keep fit.
20 ．I feel ______ (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability.
21 ．My brother is a determined boy and never give in ________ difficulties.
22 ．In the long jump,every________(compete) tried to jump as far forward as possible.
23 ．Tony promised to help Jane to make her more beautiful and her house more________ (grace).
24 ．There are many________(glory) moments in China’s long history.
25 ．As we all know, thinking ________(positive) is an effective way to deal with stress.
26 ．I started thinking about fitness rather________ weight, things began to change.
27 ．Because of the wildfire, 2,400 homes were destroyed but nobody suffered an _________ (injure).
28 ．Working in such a ______ (compete) industry, I’ve sometimes thought, “I can’t do this any more.”
29 ．We attended a dinner party ______ (host) by the president of the company.
30 ．She closed her eyes and pretended ________ (be) asleep.
31 ．Chinese ________ (athlete) have been doing quite well in the sports events organized by the International Olympic Committee.
32 ．If you want to get ________ (slim), you should do sports as often as possible.
33 ．Many old people go ________ (jog) in the park in the early morning, running slowly and steadily for a long time for exercise.
34 ．You should be setting a good example ________ your younger brother.
35 ．It takes patience and hard work ________ (master) English writing.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
36 ．He majored in English_________ (文学) when he was in university.
37 ．The girl wasn’t really crying; she only________(假装) to do so.
38 ．As the old saying goes,________(失败) is the mother of success．
39 ．Every year, ________(百万)of people die from illnesses caused by smoking.
40 ．We had a heated ______ (辩论) on whether or not to accept the offer.
41 ．People have been pouring into ________ (运动场) since the days of ancient Greece.
42 ．Students should never __________ (作弊) in exams.
43 ．If you study English hard, you will________(掌握) the language．
44 ．I believe Chinese __________ (运动员) will do well in the Olympic Game.
45 ．Many people living in cities would________ (实际上) prefer to live in the country.
三、完成句子
46 ．我们想要一个工作努力、有爱心并且幽默的老师。 We want a teacher ________________________.
47 ．没有通过考试让他很苦恼，但他并没丧失信心。 _____________________ , but he didn’t lose heart.
48．总有很多人支持你的努力，不是吗？
There are always lots of people in support of your efforts, __________ 49 ．没有向老师们求助，他决定自己解决这个问题。 ______________________________, he is determined to work out the problem by himself.
50 ．通过学习英文歌曲，你会发现你的英语口语提高了。
______________________________ ，you will find your oral English improved.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever since he was a young boy growing up in Rosario, Argentina, Lionel Messi always dreamed 51
becoming a World Cup champion. Now, he has achieved this.
On Dec 18, Argentina 52 (defeat) France in the final of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. This victory has helped Argentina win 53 (other) World Cup after their last win in 1986. For a long time, Messi 54 (compare) with Maradona, an Argentina soccer legend.
With excellent skills and great accomplishments, these two players are both considered the 55 (great) players in their era. Maradona succeeded in helping his team lift the trophy in the World Cup. Yet, Messi hadn’t before.
Messi has won many honors, including FIFA World Players of the Year. While he led the Argentina team 56 (take) part in World CuIp four times before, his team’s best result was 57 (mere) runner-up in the 2014 Brazil World Cup. Many Argentine fans felt disappointed and even suspected Messi didn’t want to win 58 World Cup for his country.
But now, all rumors are cleared away. With his 59 (persevere) and skills, the 35-year-old Messi completed the sport of soccer by winning the final trophy 60 still excited him.Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习
单词变形
1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸 vt. 给予表扬→__________ adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的
2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→__________ adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的
3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→__________ n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号
4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→__________ n. 决心; 决定→__________ adj. 有决心的
5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→__________ n. 损伤; 伤害→__________ adj. 受伤的→__________ adj. 有害的
6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→__________ adj. 优美的; 优雅的→__________ adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的
7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→__________ n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物)
8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→__________ n. 竞争者; 对手→__________ adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的
9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音 vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→__________ adj. 紧张的; 感到有 压力的→__________ adj. 有压力的
10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→__________ adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的
1. honour n. 荣誉; 尊敬; 荣幸 vt. 给予表扬→honourable adj. 光荣的; 可敬的; 高贵的
2. glory n. 荣誉; 光荣; 赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的; 辉煌的; 极好的
3. champion n. 冠军; 优胜者→championship n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛; 冠军称号
4. determine vi. &vt. 决定; 确定→determination n. 决心; 决定→determined adj. 有决心的
5. injure vt. 使受伤; 损害→injury n. 损伤; 伤害→injured adj. 受伤的→injurious adj. 有害的
6. grace n. 优雅; 恩惠; 魅力; 慈悲→graceful adj. 优美的; 优雅的→gracious adj. 和蔼的; 慈祥的
7. fail vi. 失败 vt. 不及格; 使失望→failure n. 失败; 失败的人(或事物)
8. compete vi. 竞争; 对抗→competitor n. 竞争者; 对手→competitive adj. 竞争的; 有竞争力的
9. stress n. 压力; 紧张; 重音 vt. 强调; 重读; 使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→stressed adj. 紧张的; 感到有压力 的→stressful adj. 有压力的
10. athlete n. 运动员; 运动健儿→athletic adj. 运动的; 运动员的; 体格健壮的
重点词组
1. __________ 跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快
2. __________
3. __________
4. __________
5. __________
6. __________
7. __________
8. __________
9. __________
10. __________
1. come along
2. make it
3. fall apart
4. lose heart
5. give up
6. make sense
7. even if/though
8. make a difference
9. rather than
10. cut. . . out
获得成功; 准时到达
破裂; 破碎; 崩溃
丧失信心; 泄气
放弃; 投降
有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚
即使; 虽然
有作用或影响
而不是
停止做; 剪下
跟随; 到达; 进步; 赶快
获得成功; 准时到达
破裂; 破碎; 崩溃
丧失信心; 泄气
放弃; 投降
有道理; 合乎情理; 表述清楚
即使; 虽然
有作用或影响
而不是
停止做; 剪下
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1 ．He was a ________(fail)as a teacher.
2 ．Thinking is one of the ways that we make sense ________ the world.
3 ．She has the _________ (determine) that her brother lacks.
4 ．The exercises are designed to _______________(strength) your stomach muscles.
5 ．The boy who was caught ________ (cheat) in the exam asked the teacher’s pardon.
6 ．If you try and lift that suitcase, you’ll do yourself an ______ (injure)!
7 ．When we are shopping online, we should keep wise to prevent ourselves from ________ (cheat).
8 ．Everyone should be aware of their own ________ (strong) and weaknesses.
9 ．The bike is equipped with a computer_________(track) system to record their every move!
10．More than 10,000 ________ (compete) from different countries came to the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and competed ________ medals.
11 ．Zhang Zhongjing _________ (honor) as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
12 ．I ran desperately but failed _________ (catch) up.
13 ．Thankfully, she was not _________ (injure).
14 ．All these new buildings were designed in a traditional way ________ (fit) into the natural environment.
15 ．I think you can make_______________if you follow the advice below．
16 ．She has a ________ (stress) job as a saleswoman and she has been so stressed these days.
17 ．It took Susan weeks to regain her ______ (strong) after a bad illness.
18 ．He fought the illness with courage and ____________ (determine).
19 ．She decided to go on ________diet every day to keep fit.
20 ．I feel ______ (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability.
21 ．My brother is a determined boy and never give in ________ difficulties.
22 ．In the long jump,every________(compete) tried to jump as far forward as possible.
23 ．Tony promised to help Jane to make her more beautiful and her house more________ (grace).
24 ．There are many________(glory) moments in China’s long history.
25 ．As we all know, thinking ________(positive) is an effective way to deal with stress.
26 ．I started thinking about fitness rather________ weight, things began to change.
27 ．Because of the wildfire, 2,400 homes were destroyed but nobody suffered an _________ (injure).
28 ．Working in such a ______ (compete) industry, I’ve sometimes thought, “I can’t do this any more.”
29 ．We attended a dinner party ______ (host) by the president of the company.
30 ．She closed her eyes and pretended ________ (be) asleep.
31 ．Chinese ________ (athlete) have been doing quite well in the sports events organized by the International
Olympic Committee.
32 ．If you want to get ________ (slim), you should do sports as often as possible.
33 ．Many old people go ________ (jog) in the park in the early morning, running slowly and steadily for a long time for exercise.
34 ．You should be setting a good example ________ your younger brother.
35 ．It takes patience and hard work ________ (master) English writing.
参考答案：
1 ．failure
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名教师， 他是个失败者。分析句子结构可知， 设空处需填入名词作表语。
故填 failure。
2 ．of
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：思考是我们理解世界的方式之一。make sense of 为固定搭配，意为“理解， 弄明白”。故填 of。
3 ．determination
【详解】考查名词。句意：她有她哥哥所缺乏的决心。设空处在句中被定冠词 the 限定作动词 has 的宾语， 应用名词。故填 determination。
4 ．strengthen
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些运动旨在增强你的腹肌。根据句意可知，此处使用动词 strengthen，固定 短语 be designed to do sth.“”，应使用动词原形。故填 strengthen。
5 ．cheating
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：那个在考试中作弊被抓的男孩请求老师原谅。 catch sb. doing sth.为固定搭 配，意为“抓住某人正在做某事”，这里是其被动语态 sb. be caught doing sth. 。故填 cheating。
6 ．injury
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你试着提起那只箱子，你会伤到自己。根据设空处前的冠词 an 可知，设
空处需填入名词形式。故填 injury。
7 ．being cheated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们在网上购物时，我们应该保持明智，防止自己被欺骗。分析句子 可知， 句中涉及固定短语“prevent sb. from doing sth.”，意为“防止某人做某事”，“from”为介词， 后接动名词 作宾语， “cheat”意为“欺骗”，动词词性， “ourselves”和“cheat”为被动关系，故应用动名词的被动式“being done”作宾语， “cheat”的过去分词为“cheated”，故空格处应填“being cheated”。故填 being cheated。
8 ．strengths
【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该意识到他们自己的优势和劣势。空处与名词 weaknesses 并列，应 用名词 strength，表示“优势”，使用复数形式表示泛指，作介词 of 的宾语。故填 strengths。
9 ．tracking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这辆自行车配备了计算机追踪系统来记录它们的每一次移动！空处修饰
名词 system，说明 system 的用途和功能，应用动名词形式作定语。故填 tracking。
10 ． competitors for
【详解】考查名词和介词。句意：来自不同国家的一万多名选手参加了 2008 年北京奥运会，争夺奖牌。
第一个空由 More than 10,000 修饰,且作该句的主语,故填复数名词 competitors，意为“参赛者” 。compete for 意为“争夺”，为固定搭配，所以第二个空填 for。
11 ．has been honored
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：自东汉以来，张仲景一直被尊为医学圣手。根据 “since the Eastern Han Dynasty”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词 honor 意为“给…… 以荣誉”，和主语构成 被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填 has been honored。
12 ．to catch
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能赶上。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：fail to do sth.意为“没能做成某事”。故填 to catch。
13 ．injured
【详解】考查形容词。句意：谢天谢地，她没有受伤。根据句意，此处意为“受伤的”，应用形容词作表语，
injured 意为“受伤的”，故此处应用形容词 injured。故填 injured。
14 ．to fit
【详解】考查不定式。句意：所有这些新建筑都以传统的方式设计，以适应自然环境。根据句意和所给动
词 fit 分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式形式 to fit 作目的状语。故填to fit。
15 ．it
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我认为如果你遵循下面的建议， 你可以成功。 make it 为固定短语， 意为“成 功”。故填 it。
16 ．stressful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名销售员，她有一份压力很大的工作，这些天她压力很大。根据句意 和所给名词 stress 以及空格后的名词job 分析句子可知， 空格处应该填入 stress 的形容词形式 stressful ( 压 力重的)作定语，修饰后面的名词job。故填 stressful。
17 ．strength
【详解】考查名词。句意：在患了一场大病之后，苏珊花了好几个星期才恢复了体力。分析句子可知，句 中“her”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，在句中作宾语， “strong”意为“强壮的”，形容词词性，对应的名 词为“strength”，意为“力量，体力”，为不可数名词。故填 strength。
18 ．determination
【详解】考查名词。句意：他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。分析句子结构，设空处和 courage 并列，需填名 词作宾语。 determination 意为“决心”，是不可数名词。故填 determination。
19 ．a
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她决定每天节食以保持健康。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语
go on a diet“节食”。故填 a。
20 ．honoured
【详解】考查形容词。句意：很荣幸受邀为你们做一场关于如何提高英语阅读能力的讲座。分析句子结构
可知，应该使用形容词在句中作 feel 的表语，结合句意“荣幸的”，故填 honoured。
21 ．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：我弟弟是个坚定的男孩，从不向困难屈服。根据句意和空格前的 give in 分析句 子可知，此处是考查固定搭配 give in to (向 ……让步、屈服于)。故填 to。
22 ．competitor
【详解】考查名词。句意：在跳远比赛中，选手们尽力跳得尽可能远。此处应用指人的名词 competitor， 作主语，由 every 修饰应用单数形式。故填 competitor。
23 ．graceful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：托尼答应帮助简使她更漂亮， 她的房子更雅致的。分析句子可知， 此处为 make sth adj“使…… 怎样”，和 and 连接的 beautiful 为并列形容词作宾补成分，故此处应为形容词 graceful“优雅 的，雅致的”，满足句意要求。故填 graceful。
24 ．glorious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国悠久的历史上有许多辉煌的时刻。修饰空后名词 moments，此处使用 形容词 glorious，作定语。故填 glorious。
25 ．positively
【详解】考查副词。句意：众所周知，积极思考是处理压力的有效方法。此处修饰动词 thinking，应用副 词 positively，作状语。故填 positively。
26 ．than
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我开始思考健康，而不是体重，事情开始发生变化。结合句意可知，此处 考查固定短语 rather than，意为“而不是”，故填 than。
【点睛】
27 ．injury
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于这场大火， 2400 座房屋被毁，但没有人受伤。设空前有不定冠词 an ，空
处应填名词，故填 injury。
28 ．competitive
【详解】考查形容词 。句意: 在这样一个竞争激烈的行业工作， 我有时会想， “我不能再这样做了。 ”名词
industry 之前需要一个形容词做定语 ，compete 的形容词是 competitive 。故填 competitive。
29 ．hosted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们参加了由这家公司的总裁举办的晚宴。分析句子结构可知前已有谓 语动词没有连接词， 要用非谓语动词，party 和host 之间为被动关系， 故使用过去分词作后置定语， 故填hosted。 30 ．to be
【详解】考查不定式。句意：她闭上眼睛，假装睡着了。 根据句意和空格前的动词 pretend 以及所给动词 be 分析句子可知， 空格处应该填入不定式形式 to be 作动词 pretend 的宾语(pretend to do something“假装做 某事”)。故填 to be。
31 ．athletes
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国运动员在国际奥委会组织的体育项目中取得了不错的成绩。分析句子结构 可知， 空前是形容词， 所以空处应填名词， athlete 意为“运动员”为可数名词， 根据助动词 have 可知， 应用 复数形式。故填 athletes。
32 ．slim
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你想变得苗条，你应该尽可能多地做运动。 根据句意和空格前的系动
词 get 以及所给形容词 slim 分析句子可知，空格处应该填入形容词slim 作表语。故填slim。
33．jogging
【详解】考查动名词。句意：许多老年人在清晨去公园慢跑， 慢慢地、稳稳地跑很长一段时间来锻炼身体。
短语： go jogging“慢跑”，故填 jogging。
34 ．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：你应该给你弟弟树立一个好榜样。根据句意可知，此处是考查固搭配 set a good example to (给 ……树立榜样)。故填 to。
35 ．to master
【详解】考查不定式。句意：掌握英语写作需要耐心和勤奋。根据固定句型： it takes....to do“做某事需要
花……”可知，空格处应该填入不定式形式 to master 作主语，前面的 it 是形式主语。故填to master。
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
36 ．He majored in English_________ (文学) when he was in university.
37 ．The girl wasn’t really crying; she only________(假装) to do so.
38 ．As the old saying goes,________(失败) is the mother of success．
39 ．Every year, ________(百万)of people die from illnesses caused by smoking.
40 ．We had a heated ______ (辩论) on whether or not to accept the offer.
41 ．People have been pouring into ________ (运动场) since the days of ancient Greece.
42 ．Students should never __________ (作弊) in exams.
43 ．If you study English hard, you will________(掌握) the language．
44 ．I believe Chinese __________ (运动员) will do well in the Olympic Game.
45 ．Many people living in cities would________ (实际上) prefer to live in the country.
36 ．Literature
【详解】考查名词。句意：他大学时主修英国文学。根据汉语提示“文学”，以及空格前的介词 in，可知应 填不可数名词 literature 作宾语， “英国文学”为专有名词，所以首字母大写。故填 Literature。
37 ．pretended
【详解】考查动词。句意：那女孩并不是真的在哭，她只是假装在哭。根据汉语提示可知，pretend 假装， 动词，根据 wasn’t 可知句子是一般过去时，此处用动词过去式。故填 pretended。
38 ．failure
【详解】考查名词。句意：俗话说得好，失败是成功之母。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填名词“失败”作
主语， failure 意为“失败”。故填 failure。
39 ．millions
【详解】考查数词。句意：每年有数百万人死于吸烟引起的疾病。根据中文提示可知，表示“百万”应用数
词 million，且 millions of 表“数百万”，为固定搭配。故填 millions。
40 ．debate
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们就是否接受这个提议进行了激烈的辩论。根据汉语提示及句意，设空处应
用名词 debate 作宾语。故填 debate。
41 ．stadiums
【详解】考查名词。句意：从古希腊时代起，人们就不断涌入体育场馆。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名
词 stadium，前面没有限定词，应用复数，表泛指。故填 stadiums。
42 ．cheat
【详解】考查动词。句意：学生不应该在考试中作弊。根据汉语提示，表示“作弊”用动词cheat，空前有情 态动词 should，此处动词需要用原形，故填 cheat。
43 ．master
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你努力学习英语，你就会掌握这门语言。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处
使用动词 master ，will 后接动词原形。故填master。
44 ．athletes
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我相信中国运动员会在奥运会上表现很好。分析句子结构，该空作宾语从 句的主语，用名词，根据汉语提示，表示“运动员”应用名词athlete，此处中国运动员不止一个，需要用复
数形式，故填 athletes。
45 ．actually
【详解】考查副词。句意：许多住在城市的人实际上更喜欢住在乡村。该空修饰动词 prefer，用副词，根
据句意和汉语提示，可推出是副词 actually，所以填 actually。
三、完成句子
46 ．我们想要一个工作努力、有爱心并且幽默的老师。 We want a teacher ________________________.
47 ．没有通过考试让他很苦恼，但他并没丧失信心。 _____________________ , but he didn’t lose heart.
48．总有很多人支持你的努力，不是吗？
There are always lots of people in support of your efforts, __________
49 ．没有向老师们求助，他决定自己解决这个问题。
______________________________, he is determined to work out the problem by himself.
50 ．通过学习英文歌曲，你会发现你的英语口语提高了。
______________________________ ，you will find your oral English improved.
46 ．who/that is hardworking, caring and humorous
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应为定语从句修饰先行词 a teacher，从句中的引导词在 定语从句中作主语， 应用关系代词 who 来引导， 从句为“主系表”结构， 表示“工作努力、有爱心并且幽默” 应为 hardworking, caring and humorous ，因主句为一般现在时态，从句中的系动词也应使用一般现在时态， 主语为单数。故填 who is hardworking, caring and humorous。
47 ．Not passing the exam made him annoyed
【详解】考查动名词和一般过去时。根据“but he didn’t lose heart”可知，此处应用一般过去时。表示“通过 考试”应用动词短语 passthe exam。根据句意可知， 此处应用动名词的否定形式作主语。表示“让”应用动词 make 作谓语。表示“他”应用宾格 him 作宾语。表示“苦恼的”应用形容词annoyed 作宾语补足语。句首首字 母应大写。故填 Not passing the exam made him annoyed。
48 ．aren’t there
【详解】考查反意疑问句。陈述部分为肯定形式，疑问部分要用否定形式。陈述部分有 there are ，所以疑 问部分应用 aren’t there。故填 aren’t there。
49 ．Instead of turning to teachers for help
【详解】考查动名词和介词短语。分析汉语意思可知，该句可以转换为“他决定自己解决这个问题，而不 是向老师们求助。 ”，其中，表示“而不是”应为 instead of，表示“向老师们求助”应为turn to teachers for
help，分析句子结构可知，该动词短语作 instead of 的宾语，所以应使用动名词短语，instead of 位于句首，
首字母需大写。故填 Instead of turning to teachers for help。
50 ．By learning English songs
【详解】考查动名词。表示“通过”应用介词 by，表示“学习”应用动词 learn，表示“英文歌曲”应用English song，此处应用复数形式表示多数。在介词 by 后应用动名词作宾语。句首首字母应大写。故填 By learning
English songs。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever since he was a young boy growing up in Rosario, Argentina, Lionel Messi always dreamed 51 becoming a World Cup champion. Now, he has achieved this.
On Dec 18, Argentina 52 (defeat) France in the final of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. This victory has helped Argentina win 53 (other) World Cup after their last win in 1986. For a long time, Messi 54 (compare) with Maradona, an Argentina soccer legend.
With excellent skills and great accomplishments, these two players are both considered the 55 (great) players in their era. Maradona succeeded in helping his team lift the trophy in the World Cup. Yet, Messi hadn’t before.
Messi has won many honors, including FIFA World Players of the Year. While he led the Argentina team 56 (take) part in World CuIp four times before, his team’s best result was 57 (mere) runner-up in the 2014 Brazil World Cup. Many Argentine fans felt disappointed and even suspected Messi didn’t want to win 58 World Cup for his country.
But now, all rumors are cleared away. With his 59 (persevere) and skills, the 35-year-old Messi completed the sport of soccer by winning the final trophy 60 still excited him.
51 ．of/about 52 ．defeated 53 ．another 54 ．has been compared 55 ．greatest 56 ．to take
57 ．merely 58 ．a 59 ．perseverance 60 ．which/that
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了足球运动员梅西的足球事业生涯， 他曾经带领团队参加过四次 世界杯， 但是从未获得过冠军， 如今卡塔尔世界杯上， 他终于圆梦， 获得了世界杯冠军， 为他的国家带来 了荣耀。
51 ．考查介词。句意：当梅西还是个在阿根廷罗萨里奥长大的小男孩时，他就一直梦想成为世界杯冠军。 分析句子可知，此处为动词短语 dreamed of/about doing“梦想做某事”，所以此处为介词 of/about 的填入。 故填 of/about。
52 ．考查动词时态。句意：12 月 18 日，在卡塔尔举行的 2022 年世界杯决赛中，阿根廷队击败了法国队。
根据时间状语 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar 可知，此处动词应为一般过去时。故填 defeated。
53．考查代词。句意：这场胜利帮助阿根廷继 1986 年夺冠后再次赢得世界杯。根据句意以及该句中的after their last win in 1986 可知，此处为表示“赢得另一个世界杯”，所以此处为代词 another。故填 another。
54 ．考查动词时态和语态。句意：长期以来，梅西一直被拿来与阿根廷足坛传奇人物马拉多纳相提并论。 分析句子可知， 此处为谓语动词的填入， 由 For along time 可知， 此处动词应为现在完成时， Messi 和动词 compare 为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故填has been compared 。 55．考查形容词最高级。句意：凭借出色的技术和伟大的成就，这两位球员都被认为是他们那个时代最伟 大的球员。根据句意以及空前 the 可知， 此处为形容词最高级 greatest“最伟大的”，满足句意要求， 作定语。 故填 greatest 。 56．考查动词不定式。句意：虽然他曾四次率领阿根廷队参加世界杯，但他的球队最好成绩只是在 2014 年巴西世界杯上获得亚军。分析句子可知，此处为 lead sb to do“带领某人作某事”。故填to take 。 57．考查副词。句意：虽然他曾四次率领阿根廷队参加世界杯，但他的球队最好成绩只是在 2014 年巴西 世界杯上获得亚军。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词 merely 作状语修饰动词 was 。故填 merely 。 58．考查冠词。句意：许多阿根廷球迷感到失望，甚至怀疑梅西不想为他的国家赢得世界杯。根据句意以 及空后 World Cup 为单数名词可知， 此处为泛指“一次世界杯”，结合 World 的发音是辅音音素开头， 所以 为不定冠词 a 的填入。故填 a。
59 ．考查名词。句意：凭借他的毅力和技术， 35 岁的梅西赢得了最后的奖杯，完成了足球运动，这让他仍 然兴奋不已。由空前 his 物主代词以及 and 连接的skills 为名词可知， 此处也应为名词形式作宾语， 不可数。 故填 perseverance。
60 ．考查定语从句。句意：凭借他的毅力和技术， 35 岁的梅西赢得了最后的奖杯，完成了足球运动，这让 他仍然兴奋不已。分析句子可知， 空处引导的定语从句， 先行词 final trophy 在从句中作主语成分， 应用关 系代词 which/that 引导从句。故填 which/that。
