上海市黄浦区名校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 上海市黄浦区名校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 35.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-09-15 17:35:08 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
上海市黄浦区名校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试
英语试题
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Imagine for a moment that your unborn child has a rare genetic disorder. Not (21) _________ at least vaguely familiar, such as sickle-cell anaemia or cystic fibrosis, but rather a condition (22) _________ (bury) deep within the medical dictionary. Adrenoleukodys trophy, maybe. Or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
Would you, when your child is born, want to know about it If effective treatments were available, you probably would. But if not If the outcome were fatal, would your interest in knowing about it depend on whether your newborn had five years of life (23) _________ (look) forward to, or ten Or 30
Today these questions are mostly hypothetical. Precisely because they are rare, such disorders are seldom noticed at birth. They manifest（显现）themselves only gradually, and often with unpredictable severity. But that may soon change. Twenty years after the first human genome (24) _________ (map), the price of whole-genome sequencing has fallen to a point (25) _________ it could, in rich countries at least, be offered routinely to newborns. Parents will then have to decide exactly how much they want to know.
Early diagnosis brings with it the possibility of early treatment. Moreover, sequencing the genomes of newborns could offer a lifetime of returns. A patient's genome may reveal (26) _________ drugs will work best in his or her particular case for conditions such as ADHD, depression and bined with information about someone's way of life, it could highlight easily neglected health risks such as cancers and cardiovascular disease, leading to better preventive measures. A database of genomes, (27) _________ (match) to living people, would be a benefit to medical research. The fruits of that research, in turn, would make those genomes more useful to their owners as time goes on.
Such a powerful new technology create new dangers. Widespread screening for thousands of potentially harmful genes may be counterproductive: some results may worry parents unnecessarily, because some genetic variations, (28) _________ occasionally indicative of disease, are not strongly so. Parents may not want to unlock all the secrets that their newborn's genome might reveal. Some may indeed prefer not to know about conditions that cannot be treated. Adult-onset illnesses pose a different dilemma - a reasonable position is that it (29) _________ be up to the children themselves, once grown, to decide whether they want to look at their genomic information. A further concern is that data will not be kept secure, and may be leaked or otherwise misused (30) _________ some point in the future.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
(B)
A. including B. urgent C. features D. targets E. lengths F. chasing G. accused H. commands I. fed J. restock K. collecting
Pokemon Stickers Are Back for Koreans Nostalgic（怀旧的）for Childhood
Small pastries include a surprise sticker, and the goal is to find all 159 varieties -- just like a trend more than 20 years ago.
Jeong Bo-ram's new fascination has him __31__ mass-produced pastries（糕点）, delivery trucks and his childhood memories. His __32__ are $1.20 bakery items sold with random Pokemon stickers that fly off store shelves in South Korea.
Just a few short of a full 159-sticker collection, 29-year-old Mr. Jeong has gone to more than 10 convenience stores and supermarkets a day, often leaving empty-handed. He has paid hundreds of dollars. He has learned the evening __33__ times throughout his neighborhood to know when fresh drop-offs occur.
More than two decades ago, the Pokemon sticker-treat duo caught on with a generation of South Korean children, before the craze passed after a few years and the products were discontinued. Now the goodies are back just in time for the country's broader retro boom, __34__ by adults nostaglic for simpler times.
South Koreans are going to great __35__ to live out the Pokemon tagline of "Gotta catch 'em al," with some __36__ the stickers in display booklets. Pokemon, originally a Japanese game for the Nintendo Game Boy that __37__ hundreds of monster characters, has expanded into globally popular animated series, toys and video-games, __38__ the recent hit Pokemon Go for smartphones.
Retailers have posted signs on their entrances that read, "We have no Pokemon bread," while some store owners are __39__ of bundling the in-demand pastries with unpopular items. Hunters camp outside supermarkets early in the morning. The rarest of stickers, such as that of the legendary characters Mew（梦幻）and Mewtwo（超梦）, fetch $40 online. A full collection __40__ more than $700, the listings show. Actual children also try to find the stickers, but adults are using their greater resources for the hunt.
Ko Hyo-jin shrieked when she ripped open a package of "Diglett Strawberry Custard Bread" recently and discovered inside a sticker of Mewtwo - a two-legged monster shown extending its paw. She immediately dialed up her husband. "It felt like winning the lottery," said the 39-year-old homemaker in the Seoul Suburbs.
The nostalgic chase has been embraced by young adults facing Korea's stagnant economy, soaring real-estate prices and a tight labor market.
III. Reading Comprehensions
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
How Do You Know You're Not in the Matrix
At the heart of the philosophy of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas（阿奎那）is the idea that we come into contact with reality through the senses. But what if our senses are not a(n) (41) _________ source Perhaps our senses are deceiving us, and everything we perceive isn't real but is an illusion like in the movie The Matrix.
This (42) _________ of sense knowledge was part of Rene Descartes's（笛卡尔）methodic doubt, which many radical（激进的）skeptics have adopted. Descartes argued: whatever I have up till now accepted as most true I have acquired either from the senses or through the senses. But I have found that the senses may deceive me (43) _________, and it is sensible never to trust completely those who have deceived us even once. And one example Descartes gives as evidence is the fact that objects at a distance look smaller than what they are.
But this is not deception. The sense of sight is reporting (44) _________ what it perceives. As D. Q. McInerny（麦克伦尼）says, "This is the sense of sight functioning just as it should, in order to give me a proper knowledge of (45) _________". Only when one made the judgement that "the man is small and then becomes big" world (46) _________ come in. Truth and falsity do not (47) _________ sensory perception but the fact of judging that perception.
Another (48) _________ with Descartes's reason for doubting sensory perception is that he relies on only one sensory power. It's often the case that in order to test whether one sense is deceiving us, we must (49) _________ another sense.
To use an example that many radical skeptics do to justify their doubt of sense knowledge. I may perceive the stick (50) _________ immersed in water as crooked（弯曲）. How do I determine whether what I perceive is actually the case I pick up the stick. When I do so, I judge the stick is actually (51) _________. But in order to make a correct judgment about the stick, I use another sensory power -- namely, (52) _________ -- that I must trust in order to make the proper judgment.
With regard to Descartes's example, in order to make a sound judgment about the (53) _________ of the man walking up the street, Descartes would have to make contact with him through the sense of touch and measure him, which requires trust in sense knowledge.
However, Descartes's recognition of the man's small stature（身高）as (54) _________ presupposes his trust in his previous sensory experience of the man's tall stature. As Ralph McInerny notes, "Descartes must trust his senses in order to challenge them."
So, if it's reasonable to trust sense knowledge, and the senses put us into contact with the (55) _________ world, then we can have greater certainty that what we perceive is objectively real.
41. A. external B. primary C. reliable D. alternative
42. A. disbelief B. application C. branch D. command
43. A. in no case B. out of nowhere C. by all means D. now and then
44. A. accurately B. independently C. accidentally D. considerately
45. A. philosophy B. distance C. nature D. life
46. A. analysis B. error C. change D. reflection
47. A. lead to B. serve as C. identify with D. lie in
48. A. problem B. consideration C. advantage D. perspective
49. A. abandon B. regain C. sharpen D. employ
50. A. barely B. wrongly C. partially D. completely
51. A. hollow B. straight C. thick D. bent
52. A. smell B. sight C. touch D. taste
53. A. size B. status C. age D. weight
54. A. scientific B. unusual C. reasonable D. horrifying
55. A. imaginary B. private C. contemporary D. outside
Section B
Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Be a Better Traveler in the Over-tourism Era
Travel has become as accessible as McDonald's, reaching a new high as global tourist arrivals reached 1.4 billion last year. In 1995, global arrivals numbered only 525 million.
As a father of two kids, I am the first to celebrate the drop in costs brought on by air-travel market liberalization, the rise of discount airlines, a revolution in accommodations thanks to the likes of and Airbnb, and mobile devices installed with the best maps and travel guides the world has ever known. I'm also happy for the retailers, hoteliers, museum keepers and others who have benefited financially from the tourism boom.
I can't help but wonder, though, what we are actually seeing as we travel these days. More people are travelling, but many are visiting the same places. Is a forest of selfie sticks what I wanted to show my daughter at the Louvre When was the last time I set food on Prague's main square without being elbowed a dozen times Is a trip to Barcelona complete if you have to avoid every famous location for fear of being trampled（踩踏）
Cities can not do much about this -- they can't very well close airports, force airlines to fly less frequently or increase their prices. Raising the cost of air travel, overall or to specific destination, will never be popular. Many will object it on the grounds that travel shouldn't be just for the rich, and it'll hurt the residents of cities troubled with over-tourism.
So what should travelers do Stay home That's unlikely. But if you are heading for some of the world's most popular destinations, rethink your bucket list（愿望清单）. You should be open to venturing beyond the obvious. Even if you are set on visiting an iconic site, consider going at an off-peak time.
The biggest thing to keep in mind, no matter where you travel, is to be well-researched, respectful and genuinely curious about the destination. Don't fall victim to what people call "selfie culture" and "bucket list culture". Treat the destination as you would do to your own home -- not as a "hidden gem" that you throw money at to get certain experience you feel entitled to.
56. Which of the following is NOT the cause of the drop in travelling costs according to the author
A. The rise of discount airlines. B. The freedom to choose transport
C. The popularization of mobile devices. D. The appearances of and Airbnb.
57. According to the passage, why might some people oppose raising the cost of air travel
A. It would result in a decrease in airport security.
B. It would lead to fewer people travelling overall.
C. It would hurt the residents of tourism-dependent cities.
D. It would encourage a "bucket list culture."
58. What does the author mean by saying "Cities can not do much about this"
A. Facing the trouble of over-tourism, cities lack feasilbe measure.
B. Those cities as famous tourist destinations are not only for the rich.
C. Cities with over-tourism can't deal with protests among travelers.
D. Cities with over-tourism can stop people making trips there.
59. What should people do to be a better traveler in the over-tourism era
A. Set on a journey at an on-peak time. B. Avoid visiting an iconic site
C. Raise the cost of air travel. D. Be willing to explore new sites.
(B)
Teacher burnout（倦怠）and student stress may be linked, according to a University of British Columbia study. The study is the first of its kind to examine the connection between teacher burnout and students' cortisol levels（皮质醇水平）, which are a biological indicator of stress.
Researchers collected saliva samples from over 400 elementary school children and tested their cortisol levels. They found that in classrooms in which teachers experienced more burnout, or feelings of emotional exhaustion, students' cortisol levels were elevated. Higher cortisol levels in elementary school children have been linked to learning difficulties as well as mental health problems.
"This suggests that stress spreading might be taking place in the classroom among students and their teachers," said Eva Oberle, the study's lead author. Indeed, the relationship between student stress and teacher burnout is a chicken and egg question. It is unknown what came first - elevated cortisol or teacher burnout. We consider the connection between student and teacher stress a cyclical problem in the classroom.
Oberle said a stressful classroom climate could be a result of inadequate support for teachers, which may impact teachers' ability to effectively manage their students. A poorly managed classroom can contribute to students' needs not being met and increasing stress. This could be reflected in elevated cortisol levels in students.
Alternatively, stress could originate from students, who may be more challenging to teach because of increases in anxiety, behavioral problems, or special needs. In this situation, teachers could feel overwhelmed and report higher levels of burnout.
"Our study is a reminder of the systemic issues facing teachers and educators as classroom sizes increase and supports for teachers are cut," said Oberle.
"It is clear from a number of recent research studies that teaching is one of the most stressful professions, and that teachers need adequate resources and support in their jobs in order to battle burnout and relieve stress in the classroom," said UBC education professor Kimberly Schonert-Reichl, the study's co-author and director of HELP. "If we do not support teachers, we risk the collateral damage（附带损伤）of students."
60. Paragraph 4 and paragraph 5 are intended to make it clear that _________.
A. teacher burnout is the cause of the elevated cortisol levels in students
B. the connection between students and teacher stress is a cyclical problem
C. students with higher stress level are more likely to have learning difficulties
D. students' behavioral problems contribute to teacher's higher level of burnout
61. According to the writer, many British teachers face the problem that _________.
A. teachers are not well trained to deal with students' problems
B. teachers' income increases but teaching resources are cut
C. there are more students in each class and less support for teachers
D. there is a widening gap between students' need and teachers' ability
62. Which is the best title for the passage
A. How to Relieve Stress in the Class
B. Teacher burnout, avoidable or not
C. The Most Stressful Profession in the World
D. Students Stress and Teacher Burnout: A chicken and egg question.
(C)
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic（官僚主义的）management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-equipped factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
The worker and employee are anxious, seemingly because they might find themselves out of a job or they would say that they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. In fact, they feel desperate as they live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.
Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.
Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century "free enterprise" capitalism Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of all love and of reason -- are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.
63. By "a well-oiled cog in the machinery", the author expresses the idea that man is _________.
A. an essential part of society though individual's function is negligible
B. expected to work in reasonable harmony with the rest of society
C. a replaceable component of society, though functioning smoothly
D. responsible for the smooth running of society and business operations
64. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _________.
A. they are filled with well-founded fear of being unemployed
B. they don't have any genuine satisfaction or being unemployed
C. they have to face the fundamental realities of human existence
D. they are deprived of their independence
65. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those who _________.
A. hold well-paid and life-long jobs B. enjoy high social status and reputation
C. outperform their fellow-competitors D. stay away from over-competitiveness
66. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _________.
A. resort to the production mode of our ancestors
B. offer higher wages to workers and employees
C. enable man to fully develop his potentialities
D. escape consumerism and embrace humanism
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. But the ultimate issue with the rankings doesn't lie with the cheaters. B. In fact, it can have the unacceptable effect of discouraging college from accepting more low-income students, lest it worsen their graduation rates. C. For example, a much less expensive school might offer an equal or better education than a more highly ranked but costlier one. D. But many other factors used in ranking the schools still have little meaning to a student's experience. E. The most selective schools -- Princeton, MIT and so forth -- don't need rankings to boost their reputation or applicant pool. F. Even as they do so, the criticisms of published college rankings that may have guided their preferences are increasing.
College rankings are misleading. So why do we still use them
Many high school seniors have been opening emails over the past weeks that tell them whether they got into the colleges of their choice. _________67_________
A math professor at Columbia University is challenging the data that the Ivy League school reported to U. S. News & World Report , which earned it the No. 2 ranking this year. A couple of weeks ago, in what must be the granddaddy of fake-data scandals, the fired dean of Temple University's business school received a 14-month sentence after he was convicted in federal court of sending fake information to U. S. News & World Report to boost the school's prestige. Claremont McKenna College, The George Washington University and many other schools have also tweaked data to boost rankings.
_________68_________ The problem is the rankings themselves. They can be a counterproductive way for families to pick schools. Probably few college applicants are aware that the single biggest factor U. S. News uses to rank schools is their reputation among officials at other colleges, who might or might not have deep knowledge of the schools. That accounts for 20% of the score.
The second biggest factor is six-year graduation rates. But since low-income students are far less likely to graduate within that time period -- or ever -- than middle-class students, this is more an indication of student affluence than academic excellence. _________69_________
U. S. News had made some positive changes in recent years. It dropped student acceptance rate as one of the criteria, which had led colleges to heavily market to students even if they had almost no chance of acceptance. _________70_________ The rankings use alumni donations as a proxy（指标）for students' happiness with their school. That's a pretty meager way to measure satisfaction.
What most high school students and parents really need to know is whether a college offers a rich choice of courses with good instructors; whether graduates will leave with a load of debt; whether students will feel comfortable and engaged on campus; and whether they'll be prepared for a fulfilling career.
第II卷
I. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
To Be a Creative Person
Without creative people, the world would be a terrible place. Can you imagine a life without art The thought alone makes me tremble. Could you be the next William Shakespeare, Steven Spielberg, or J. K. Rowling The key lies in obtaining a creative personality.
Creative types don't always get along well with management because they would rather march to the beat of their own drum. Most people have a strong desire to fit in, something that you don't understand. Following the rules makes you uncomfortable. While most people are running and hiding from problems, you purposely seek them because you love nothing more than a fresh new challenge.
You wrote a blog many months ago and thought it was wonderful at the time you published it. But then you read it again later and wonder, "What on earth was I thinking " You then identify approximately a thousand ways it could have been better and kick yourself for being so stupid. A brain lacking curiosity is not creative.
Some writers go to a country house or beach to write novels for a reason. Some atmospheres are more helpful to creativity than others. Maybe you like to pack up your laptop and go to a coffee shop, downtown bench, or under a tree at the park. Whatever the case may be, you need to know where to go to develop your creativity. Inspiration doesn't happen on its own. Whether it is the opening of an art gallery, a theatrical production, or live music at a downtown bar, you search for inspiration wherever you can find it.
It's nice to know you're not alone in your desire to create. However, whether a person who hates you thinks your art is bad, a family member thinks you deserve a real job, or a friend thinks your ideas will never work, you will never give in to outside pressure.
II. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 你大老远跑去超市买方便面有意义吗？(sense)
2. 有些地方因空气污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病，医生也束手无策。(arise0
3. 这个夏天，国内和国际航空公司要么重新涉及航线，要么增加航班频率，以满足不断增加的旅行需求。(or)
4. 你能想象吗，这支乐队的演唱会门票竟然卖到了天价，体育馆外竟然还上演了粉丝之间的全武行。(imagine)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的高三学生李敏，在一本英文旅游杂志上，你发现了这样一条信息：某国古城景区门票对当地人收费5美元，对外国游客收费15美元。你对此颇有感触，针对这一情况，请你以李敏的口吻给当地杂志社编辑写一封信，信的内容包括：
1. 介绍下你在杂志上看到的内容
2. 自己针对此事的态度和理由
参考答案：
21. something 22. buried 23. to look 24. was mapped 25. where
26. which 27. matched 28. though 29. should 30. at
31 - 40 FDJIE KCAGH
41 - 45 CADAB 46 - 50 BDADC 51 - 55 BCABD
56 - 59 BCAD
60 - 62 BCD
63 - 66 CDDC
67 - 70 FABD
I. Summary
[Point One] The world is a better place with creative people, who have several key characteristics. [Point Two] Firstly, they cat at their own pace and love new challenges. [Point Three] Secondly, they have curiosity and are ready to reflect on themselves. [Point Four] Also, they know where to go to inspire themselves. [Point Five] Lastly, despite lack of social support, they will not give in.
II. Translation
1. Does it make sense (for you) to go all the way to the supermarket to buy instant noodles
2. Some strange diseases have arisen in some places because of air pollution, and doctors have no idea what to do / how to deal with it.
3. Domestic and international airlines are either redesigning routes or increasing flight frequency this summer to meet the growing demand for travel/ tourism.
4. Can you imagine that the concert tickets of this band were sold at an extremely high price / astronomical price / sky-high price and that there was even a fight between fans outside the stadium.
写作略
英语试题
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Imagine for a moment that your unborn child has a rare genetic disorder. Not (21) _________ at least vaguely familiar, such as sickle-cell anaemia or cystic fibrosis, but rather a condition (22) _________ (bury) deep within the medical dictionary. Adrenoleukodys trophy, maybe. Or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
Would you, when your child is born, want to know about it If effective treatments were available, you probably would. But if not If the outcome were fatal, would your interest in knowing about it depend on whether your newborn had five years of life (23) _________ (look) forward to, or ten Or 30
Today these questions are mostly hypothetical. Precisely because they are rare, such disorders are seldom noticed at birth. They manifest（显现）themselves only gradually, and often with unpredictable severity. But that may soon change. Twenty years after the first human genome (24) _________ (map), the price of whole-genome sequencing has fallen to a point (25) _________ it could, in rich countries at least, be offered routinely to newborns. Parents will then have to decide exactly how much they want to know.
Early diagnosis brings with it the possibility of early treatment. Moreover, sequencing the genomes of newborns could offer a lifetime of returns. A patient's genome may reveal (26) _________ drugs will work best in his or her particular case for conditions such as ADHD, depression and bined with information about someone's way of life, it could highlight easily neglected health risks such as cancers and cardiovascular disease, leading to better preventive measures. A database of genomes, (27) _________ (match) to living people, would be a benefit to medical research. The fruits of that research, in turn, would make those genomes more useful to their owners as time goes on.
Such a powerful new technology create new dangers. Widespread screening for thousands of potentially harmful genes may be counterproductive: some results may worry parents unnecessarily, because some genetic variations, (28) _________ occasionally indicative of disease, are not strongly so. Parents may not want to unlock all the secrets that their newborn's genome might reveal. Some may indeed prefer not to know about conditions that cannot be treated. Adult-onset illnesses pose a different dilemma - a reasonable position is that it (29) _________ be up to the children themselves, once grown, to decide whether they want to look at their genomic information. A further concern is that data will not be kept secure, and may be leaked or otherwise misused (30) _________ some point in the future.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
(B)
A. including B. urgent C. features D. targets E. lengths F. chasing G. accused H. commands I. fed J. restock K. collecting
Pokemon Stickers Are Back for Koreans Nostalgic（怀旧的）for Childhood
Small pastries include a surprise sticker, and the goal is to find all 159 varieties -- just like a trend more than 20 years ago.
Jeong Bo-ram's new fascination has him __31__ mass-produced pastries（糕点）, delivery trucks and his childhood memories. His __32__ are $1.20 bakery items sold with random Pokemon stickers that fly off store shelves in South Korea.
Just a few short of a full 159-sticker collection, 29-year-old Mr. Jeong has gone to more than 10 convenience stores and supermarkets a day, often leaving empty-handed. He has paid hundreds of dollars. He has learned the evening __33__ times throughout his neighborhood to know when fresh drop-offs occur.
More than two decades ago, the Pokemon sticker-treat duo caught on with a generation of South Korean children, before the craze passed after a few years and the products were discontinued. Now the goodies are back just in time for the country's broader retro boom, __34__ by adults nostaglic for simpler times.
South Koreans are going to great __35__ to live out the Pokemon tagline of "Gotta catch 'em al," with some __36__ the stickers in display booklets. Pokemon, originally a Japanese game for the Nintendo Game Boy that __37__ hundreds of monster characters, has expanded into globally popular animated series, toys and video-games, __38__ the recent hit Pokemon Go for smartphones.
Retailers have posted signs on their entrances that read, "We have no Pokemon bread," while some store owners are __39__ of bundling the in-demand pastries with unpopular items. Hunters camp outside supermarkets early in the morning. The rarest of stickers, such as that of the legendary characters Mew（梦幻）and Mewtwo（超梦）, fetch $40 online. A full collection __40__ more than $700, the listings show. Actual children also try to find the stickers, but adults are using their greater resources for the hunt.
Ko Hyo-jin shrieked when she ripped open a package of "Diglett Strawberry Custard Bread" recently and discovered inside a sticker of Mewtwo - a two-legged monster shown extending its paw. She immediately dialed up her husband. "It felt like winning the lottery," said the 39-year-old homemaker in the Seoul Suburbs.
The nostalgic chase has been embraced by young adults facing Korea's stagnant economy, soaring real-estate prices and a tight labor market.
III. Reading Comprehensions
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
How Do You Know You're Not in the Matrix
At the heart of the philosophy of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas（阿奎那）is the idea that we come into contact with reality through the senses. But what if our senses are not a(n) (41) _________ source Perhaps our senses are deceiving us, and everything we perceive isn't real but is an illusion like in the movie The Matrix.
This (42) _________ of sense knowledge was part of Rene Descartes's（笛卡尔）methodic doubt, which many radical（激进的）skeptics have adopted. Descartes argued: whatever I have up till now accepted as most true I have acquired either from the senses or through the senses. But I have found that the senses may deceive me (43) _________, and it is sensible never to trust completely those who have deceived us even once. And one example Descartes gives as evidence is the fact that objects at a distance look smaller than what they are.
But this is not deception. The sense of sight is reporting (44) _________ what it perceives. As D. Q. McInerny（麦克伦尼）says, "This is the sense of sight functioning just as it should, in order to give me a proper knowledge of (45) _________". Only when one made the judgement that "the man is small and then becomes big" world (46) _________ come in. Truth and falsity do not (47) _________ sensory perception but the fact of judging that perception.
Another (48) _________ with Descartes's reason for doubting sensory perception is that he relies on only one sensory power. It's often the case that in order to test whether one sense is deceiving us, we must (49) _________ another sense.
To use an example that many radical skeptics do to justify their doubt of sense knowledge. I may perceive the stick (50) _________ immersed in water as crooked（弯曲）. How do I determine whether what I perceive is actually the case I pick up the stick. When I do so, I judge the stick is actually (51) _________. But in order to make a correct judgment about the stick, I use another sensory power -- namely, (52) _________ -- that I must trust in order to make the proper judgment.
With regard to Descartes's example, in order to make a sound judgment about the (53) _________ of the man walking up the street, Descartes would have to make contact with him through the sense of touch and measure him, which requires trust in sense knowledge.
However, Descartes's recognition of the man's small stature（身高）as (54) _________ presupposes his trust in his previous sensory experience of the man's tall stature. As Ralph McInerny notes, "Descartes must trust his senses in order to challenge them."
So, if it's reasonable to trust sense knowledge, and the senses put us into contact with the (55) _________ world, then we can have greater certainty that what we perceive is objectively real.
41. A. external B. primary C. reliable D. alternative
42. A. disbelief B. application C. branch D. command
43. A. in no case B. out of nowhere C. by all means D. now and then
44. A. accurately B. independently C. accidentally D. considerately
45. A. philosophy B. distance C. nature D. life
46. A. analysis B. error C. change D. reflection
47. A. lead to B. serve as C. identify with D. lie in
48. A. problem B. consideration C. advantage D. perspective
49. A. abandon B. regain C. sharpen D. employ
50. A. barely B. wrongly C. partially D. completely
51. A. hollow B. straight C. thick D. bent
52. A. smell B. sight C. touch D. taste
53. A. size B. status C. age D. weight
54. A. scientific B. unusual C. reasonable D. horrifying
55. A. imaginary B. private C. contemporary D. outside
Section B
Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Be a Better Traveler in the Over-tourism Era
Travel has become as accessible as McDonald's, reaching a new high as global tourist arrivals reached 1.4 billion last year. In 1995, global arrivals numbered only 525 million.
As a father of two kids, I am the first to celebrate the drop in costs brought on by air-travel market liberalization, the rise of discount airlines, a revolution in accommodations thanks to the likes of and Airbnb, and mobile devices installed with the best maps and travel guides the world has ever known. I'm also happy for the retailers, hoteliers, museum keepers and others who have benefited financially from the tourism boom.
I can't help but wonder, though, what we are actually seeing as we travel these days. More people are travelling, but many are visiting the same places. Is a forest of selfie sticks what I wanted to show my daughter at the Louvre When was the last time I set food on Prague's main square without being elbowed a dozen times Is a trip to Barcelona complete if you have to avoid every famous location for fear of being trampled（踩踏）
Cities can not do much about this -- they can't very well close airports, force airlines to fly less frequently or increase their prices. Raising the cost of air travel, overall or to specific destination, will never be popular. Many will object it on the grounds that travel shouldn't be just for the rich, and it'll hurt the residents of cities troubled with over-tourism.
So what should travelers do Stay home That's unlikely. But if you are heading for some of the world's most popular destinations, rethink your bucket list（愿望清单）. You should be open to venturing beyond the obvious. Even if you are set on visiting an iconic site, consider going at an off-peak time.
The biggest thing to keep in mind, no matter where you travel, is to be well-researched, respectful and genuinely curious about the destination. Don't fall victim to what people call "selfie culture" and "bucket list culture". Treat the destination as you would do to your own home -- not as a "hidden gem" that you throw money at to get certain experience you feel entitled to.
56. Which of the following is NOT the cause of the drop in travelling costs according to the author
A. The rise of discount airlines. B. The freedom to choose transport
C. The popularization of mobile devices. D. The appearances of and Airbnb.
57. According to the passage, why might some people oppose raising the cost of air travel
A. It would result in a decrease in airport security.
B. It would lead to fewer people travelling overall.
C. It would hurt the residents of tourism-dependent cities.
D. It would encourage a "bucket list culture."
58. What does the author mean by saying "Cities can not do much about this"
A. Facing the trouble of over-tourism, cities lack feasilbe measure.
B. Those cities as famous tourist destinations are not only for the rich.
C. Cities with over-tourism can't deal with protests among travelers.
D. Cities with over-tourism can stop people making trips there.
59. What should people do to be a better traveler in the over-tourism era
A. Set on a journey at an on-peak time. B. Avoid visiting an iconic site
C. Raise the cost of air travel. D. Be willing to explore new sites.
(B)
Teacher burnout（倦怠）and student stress may be linked, according to a University of British Columbia study. The study is the first of its kind to examine the connection between teacher burnout and students' cortisol levels（皮质醇水平）, which are a biological indicator of stress.
Researchers collected saliva samples from over 400 elementary school children and tested their cortisol levels. They found that in classrooms in which teachers experienced more burnout, or feelings of emotional exhaustion, students' cortisol levels were elevated. Higher cortisol levels in elementary school children have been linked to learning difficulties as well as mental health problems.
"This suggests that stress spreading might be taking place in the classroom among students and their teachers," said Eva Oberle, the study's lead author. Indeed, the relationship between student stress and teacher burnout is a chicken and egg question. It is unknown what came first - elevated cortisol or teacher burnout. We consider the connection between student and teacher stress a cyclical problem in the classroom.
Oberle said a stressful classroom climate could be a result of inadequate support for teachers, which may impact teachers' ability to effectively manage their students. A poorly managed classroom can contribute to students' needs not being met and increasing stress. This could be reflected in elevated cortisol levels in students.
Alternatively, stress could originate from students, who may be more challenging to teach because of increases in anxiety, behavioral problems, or special needs. In this situation, teachers could feel overwhelmed and report higher levels of burnout.
"Our study is a reminder of the systemic issues facing teachers and educators as classroom sizes increase and supports for teachers are cut," said Oberle.
"It is clear from a number of recent research studies that teaching is one of the most stressful professions, and that teachers need adequate resources and support in their jobs in order to battle burnout and relieve stress in the classroom," said UBC education professor Kimberly Schonert-Reichl, the study's co-author and director of HELP. "If we do not support teachers, we risk the collateral damage（附带损伤）of students."
60. Paragraph 4 and paragraph 5 are intended to make it clear that _________.
A. teacher burnout is the cause of the elevated cortisol levels in students
B. the connection between students and teacher stress is a cyclical problem
C. students with higher stress level are more likely to have learning difficulties
D. students' behavioral problems contribute to teacher's higher level of burnout
61. According to the writer, many British teachers face the problem that _________.
A. teachers are not well trained to deal with students' problems
B. teachers' income increases but teaching resources are cut
C. there are more students in each class and less support for teachers
D. there is a widening gap between students' need and teachers' ability
62. Which is the best title for the passage
A. How to Relieve Stress in the Class
B. Teacher burnout, avoidable or not
C. The Most Stressful Profession in the World
D. Students Stress and Teacher Burnout: A chicken and egg question.
(C)
In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic（官僚主义的）management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-equipped factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.
The worker and employee are anxious, seemingly because they might find themselves out of a job or they would say that they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. In fact, they feel desperate as they live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.
Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.
Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century "free enterprise" capitalism Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of all love and of reason -- are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.
63. By "a well-oiled cog in the machinery", the author expresses the idea that man is _________.
A. an essential part of society though individual's function is negligible
B. expected to work in reasonable harmony with the rest of society
C. a replaceable component of society, though functioning smoothly
D. responsible for the smooth running of society and business operations
64. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _________.
A. they are filled with well-founded fear of being unemployed
B. they don't have any genuine satisfaction or being unemployed
C. they have to face the fundamental realities of human existence
D. they are deprived of their independence
65. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those who _________.
A. hold well-paid and life-long jobs B. enjoy high social status and reputation
C. outperform their fellow-competitors D. stay away from over-competitiveness
66. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _________.
A. resort to the production mode of our ancestors
B. offer higher wages to workers and employees
C. enable man to fully develop his potentialities
D. escape consumerism and embrace humanism
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. But the ultimate issue with the rankings doesn't lie with the cheaters. B. In fact, it can have the unacceptable effect of discouraging college from accepting more low-income students, lest it worsen their graduation rates. C. For example, a much less expensive school might offer an equal or better education than a more highly ranked but costlier one. D. But many other factors used in ranking the schools still have little meaning to a student's experience. E. The most selective schools -- Princeton, MIT and so forth -- don't need rankings to boost their reputation or applicant pool. F. Even as they do so, the criticisms of published college rankings that may have guided their preferences are increasing.
College rankings are misleading. So why do we still use them
Many high school seniors have been opening emails over the past weeks that tell them whether they got into the colleges of their choice. _________67_________
A math professor at Columbia University is challenging the data that the Ivy League school reported to U. S. News & World Report , which earned it the No. 2 ranking this year. A couple of weeks ago, in what must be the granddaddy of fake-data scandals, the fired dean of Temple University's business school received a 14-month sentence after he was convicted in federal court of sending fake information to U. S. News & World Report to boost the school's prestige. Claremont McKenna College, The George Washington University and many other schools have also tweaked data to boost rankings.
_________68_________ The problem is the rankings themselves. They can be a counterproductive way for families to pick schools. Probably few college applicants are aware that the single biggest factor U. S. News uses to rank schools is their reputation among officials at other colleges, who might or might not have deep knowledge of the schools. That accounts for 20% of the score.
The second biggest factor is six-year graduation rates. But since low-income students are far less likely to graduate within that time period -- or ever -- than middle-class students, this is more an indication of student affluence than academic excellence. _________69_________
U. S. News had made some positive changes in recent years. It dropped student acceptance rate as one of the criteria, which had led colleges to heavily market to students even if they had almost no chance of acceptance. _________70_________ The rankings use alumni donations as a proxy（指标）for students' happiness with their school. That's a pretty meager way to measure satisfaction.
What most high school students and parents really need to know is whether a college offers a rich choice of courses with good instructors; whether graduates will leave with a load of debt; whether students will feel comfortable and engaged on campus; and whether they'll be prepared for a fulfilling career.
第II卷
I. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
To Be a Creative Person
Without creative people, the world would be a terrible place. Can you imagine a life without art The thought alone makes me tremble. Could you be the next William Shakespeare, Steven Spielberg, or J. K. Rowling The key lies in obtaining a creative personality.
Creative types don't always get along well with management because they would rather march to the beat of their own drum. Most people have a strong desire to fit in, something that you don't understand. Following the rules makes you uncomfortable. While most people are running and hiding from problems, you purposely seek them because you love nothing more than a fresh new challenge.
You wrote a blog many months ago and thought it was wonderful at the time you published it. But then you read it again later and wonder, "What on earth was I thinking " You then identify approximately a thousand ways it could have been better and kick yourself for being so stupid. A brain lacking curiosity is not creative.
Some writers go to a country house or beach to write novels for a reason. Some atmospheres are more helpful to creativity than others. Maybe you like to pack up your laptop and go to a coffee shop, downtown bench, or under a tree at the park. Whatever the case may be, you need to know where to go to develop your creativity. Inspiration doesn't happen on its own. Whether it is the opening of an art gallery, a theatrical production, or live music at a downtown bar, you search for inspiration wherever you can find it.
It's nice to know you're not alone in your desire to create. However, whether a person who hates you thinks your art is bad, a family member thinks you deserve a real job, or a friend thinks your ideas will never work, you will never give in to outside pressure.
II. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 你大老远跑去超市买方便面有意义吗？(sense)
2. 有些地方因空气污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病，医生也束手无策。(arise0
3. 这个夏天，国内和国际航空公司要么重新涉及航线，要么增加航班频率，以满足不断增加的旅行需求。(or)
4. 你能想象吗，这支乐队的演唱会门票竟然卖到了天价，体育馆外竟然还上演了粉丝之间的全武行。(imagine)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的高三学生李敏，在一本英文旅游杂志上，你发现了这样一条信息：某国古城景区门票对当地人收费5美元，对外国游客收费15美元。你对此颇有感触，针对这一情况，请你以李敏的口吻给当地杂志社编辑写一封信，信的内容包括：
1. 介绍下你在杂志上看到的内容
2. 自己针对此事的态度和理由
参考答案：
21. something 22. buried 23. to look 24. was mapped 25. where
26. which 27. matched 28. though 29. should 30. at
31 - 40 FDJIE KCAGH
41 - 45 CADAB 46 - 50 BDADC 51 - 55 BCABD
56 - 59 BCAD
60 - 62 BCD
63 - 66 CDDC
67 - 70 FABD
I. Summary
[Point One] The world is a better place with creative people, who have several key characteristics. [Point Two] Firstly, they cat at their own pace and love new challenges. [Point Three] Secondly, they have curiosity and are ready to reflect on themselves. [Point Four] Also, they know where to go to inspire themselves. [Point Five] Lastly, despite lack of social support, they will not give in.
II. Translation
1. Does it make sense (for you) to go all the way to the supermarket to buy instant noodles
2. Some strange diseases have arisen in some places because of air pollution, and doctors have no idea what to do / how to deal with it.
3. Domestic and international airlines are either redesigning routes or increasing flight frequency this summer to meet the growing demand for travel/ tourism.
4. Can you imagine that the concert tickets of this band were sold at an extremely high price / astronomical price / sky-high price and that there was even a fight between fans outside the stadium.
写作略
同课章节目录