2024年中考英语被动语态复习课件(共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
动词的语态
教学目标：
被动语态的定义：
2.被动语态的结构：
3.被动语态的用法：
一.重点：
二.难点：
1.灵活运用被动语态
2. 动词的过去分词
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态 (the Active Voice)
被动语态(the Passive Voice)
A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
We planted the tree.
The tree was planted by us.
语态的概述：
We speak English.
主语
谓语
宾语
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
主动语态
被动语态
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by＋动作执行者短语。如：
The dictionary is well kept.这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的) 。
(2)强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。
The cup was broken by David.
这个杯子被大卫打碎了。
(3)做客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型： It’s / was said / believed / reported / + that … 据说/据报道…… 如： It’s reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.
被动语态的用法：
被动语态的构成：
be+动词的过去分词
如: The desk is made of wood.
The desks are made of wood.
He is asked a question by the teacher.
I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.
被动语态的结构：
在改写中应注意：
1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;
2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”;
3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
主动语态变被动语态的方法：
例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。
We clean our classroom every day.
Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
考
点
梳
理
主变被解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者
They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数.
are
were
3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态.
4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词
made
5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语.
by them.
1.They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
are made
(by them)
in that factory.
一般现在时的被动语态构成 ：
am/is /are +过去分词
主动语态变被动语态：
考点突破
She waters the flowers every day.
The flowers
every day.
are watered
by her
考点突破
2. I bought a computer last term．
A computer was bought (by me) last term.
一般过去时：was/were +过去分词
考点突破
The students planted many trees yesterday.
Many trees were planted by the students yesterday.
考点突破
4.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them)
in ten days.
一般将来时：will+be+过去分词
考点突破
They will have an evening party next week.
An evening party will be had next week.
考点突破
5.Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
现在进行时：
am/is/are + being +过去分词
考点突破
He is doing homework.
Homework is being done by him .
考点突破
7．I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night．
My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.
过去进行时：
was/were+being+过去分词
考点突破
They were eating dumplings at 6:30 yesterday.
Dumplings were being eaten at 6:30 yesterday
考点突破
Ann can take good care of the cats ．
The cats can be taken good care of by Ann.
情态动词：
can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
考点突破
They can sing some beautiful songs.
Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
考点突破
“We must put them in the fridge.”The bears thought .
“They must be put in the fridge.”The bears thought.
考点突破
6．We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
现在完成时：
have/has + been+过去分词
考点突破
Workers have built the house since two years ago.
The house has been built since two years ago.
考点突破
4）现在进行时：am/is/are being + v-ed
5）过去进行时：was/were being +v-ed
6）现在完成时：have/has been + v-ed
7) 情态动词：can/should/may/ be +v-ed
二、各种时态的被动语态构成
1）一般现在时：am/is/are +v-ed
2）一般过去时：was/were +v-ed
3）一般将来时：will be +v-ed
考点总结：
考点梳理
(1) 有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）
常见的接双宾语的动词有：give, teach, pay, tell, buy, show, lend ,write, pass等。
He gave me a book.
－I was given a book by him.(以I做主语)
－A book was given to me by him. (以物book作主语)
【考点精练】
5. He teaches us English.
________________________________(以人当主语)
________________________________(以物作主语)
We are taught English (by him).
English is taught to us (by him).
拓展知识点
以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；
以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.
七给一带 to 不少，买画唱做 for 来帮
考点梳理
（2）英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel, hear, listen , have, make, let(让、使) , look at, watch, see, notice，这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但在变被动语态时必须加to。如：
I saw him go into the office building.
—He was seen to go into the office building.
【考点精练】
6. I heard John leave the room.
—____________________________________.
John was heard to leave the room.
拓展知识点
1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives_____ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month.
are used
are
cleaned
(变被动语态）
课堂小测：
3.I found the ticket on the floor.
______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.
The ticket was found
was told
5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them.
was made to have
can be
used
7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time
8.Must we finish our work today
_______ our work______ _______ today
Were many trees planted
Must be finished
9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______.
we were given
were
given to us
10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory.
was asked
is done
12.He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine _______ ___ ________ three times a day.
can be ment
must be
taken
14.The students in this school study German.
German _______ ________ by the students in this school.
15.Do they often talk about this question
______ this question often _______ about _______ _______
is studied
Is
talked
by them
中考面对面
( ) 1. —Can Bob spare some time for the charity show
—If he ___, he will try his best to make it.
will be invited B. is invited C. invites D. invited
( )2. A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher hair now.
A.plant B.is planted C.were planted D.are planted
( )3We ______to start at once, or we’ll miss the train.
A.tell B.have told C.are told D.told
( )4. Our new library ______ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
( )5.A new school _________ last year in my hometown.
set up B. sets up C. is set up D. was set up
( )6.Pukou Railway Station _______ in 1911 and it has become a filming location for films and TV plays in recent years.
A.build B.is built C.built D.was built
( )7. —Did Jack come to our party yesterday
—No, he _______
didn’t invite B. wasn’t invited C. isn’t invited D. hasn’t invited
( )8.Everybody _________ deeply after they heard the story.
A. moves B. moved C. is moved D. was moved
中考面对面
( )9.—Chinese tea is popular around the world.
—I agree. It _____ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
A.brings B.brought C.is brought D.was brought
( )10. Now it’s much easier to shop online when your order is ready, the things you want to buy to you soon.
send B. were sent C. are sending D. will be sent
( )11.He has ordered a watch online for his father and it _____to him fore Father’s Day.
A.send B.will be sent C.was sent D.sent
( )12.I wonder when Subway II in Harbin ______. When the day comes, I’ll spend less time going to school every day.
A.is finished B.will be finished C.was finished
中考面对面
4）现在进行时：am/is/are being + v-ed
5）过去进行时：was/were being +v-ed
6）现在完成时：have/has been + v-ed
7) 情态动词：can/should/may/ be +v-ed
二、各种时态的被动语态构成
1）一般现在时：am/is/are +v-ed
2）一般过去时：was/were +v-ed
3）一般将来时：will be +v-ed
总结：