课件33张PPT。定 语 从 句Match the two sentences
1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.
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2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.
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3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.
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4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week.
_______________________________________ I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I don’t like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?什么是定语从句呢？用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词, 连接定语从句和先行词的连词叫关系代词或关系副词. 关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句。二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质a machinethe machineJoin the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质a machinethat /which注意避免重复 定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.These are the trees which/that were planted last year.当先行词是人时, 用who, whom,
whose, that引导.who, whom, whose, that用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解作主语Whom 作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解作宾语whose 作定语从句的定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girl’s mother is a teacher.作定语This is a dream.
The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.
The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise:
This is the house which is for sale.
2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主语. (不能省)（作主语）which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）This is the card.
I’ve just received the card.This is the card which / that I’ve just
received.Practise:
This is the mistake which /that I always make.
I still keep the letters which she wrote to me.
I lost the pen which my father bought me. ( ) （作宾语）who / that 作主语. (不能省)This is the film star.
The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语)The boy who broke the window is called Roy.
Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?
The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin./ thatwho / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略)The man is a famous writer.
He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）
The thief has been sent to prison.
The police caught the thief last night.
The thief (whom) the police caught last night has been sent to prison.小结：
that－ 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略. who－ 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。 只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有五种：当先行词是all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。
Eg: That’s all that I know.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
He answered few questions that the teacher asked.
2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
Eg: That is the most interesting book that
I have ever read.
The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.
3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。Eg:
That’s the only thing that I can do now.
These are the very words that he used.
4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. Eg:
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?
Which is the pen that you lost ?
5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.
Eg: The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. 只能用which/who,不用that的情况 (1)?“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词是in,?on,?about,?from,?for,?with,?to?at,?of,?without?等,关系代词只可用whom或?which,不可用that?。 Eg: Is?that?the?house?in?which?you?live??
(2)非限定性定语从句中。
Eg: He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.
(3)先行词本身是that。
Eg: The clock is that which tells the time.
Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.
Say all ________ you know.
Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?
7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：
when/ where/why when 作时间状语:
She will never forget the day.
She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.It was the year.
The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词 + which where 作地点状语,I want to know the place.
I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词 + whichwhy 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for which1.I like to live in the house ____ big and bright.
that are B. who is C. which is
2.The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our maths teacher.
A.what B. whose C. who D. which
3.Tom never took anything ____ didn’t belong to him.
A.which B.that C.who D.whoseCCB4.All ____ comes to net is fish
A.that B.what C. which D. who
5.The bus ran over a student and his dog ____ just crossing the road.
that was B.which were C. that were
6. Do you know the music with ____ we can sing along ?
A.Which B.that C.what D.who ACA用合适的关系词填空： 1.The man ____ is talking with my mother is my uncle.
2.That book is the one ______ I bought
yesterday
3.He is one of the workers _____ has been
saved in that accident.
4.This is the girl ______ brother is Tom
5.They talked of the things and persons ____ they remembered. whothat that
who whose that I love music ___________I can sing
along with.I love music with ______ I can sing along. thatwhichwhich2. I love the persons. I can play with them.I love the persons whothat I can play wth.I love the persons with _____ I can play.whom1.I love music. I can sing along with it.3. I love the room . I can live in it.I love the room thatwhich I can live in .=I love the room in which I can live.He loves comfortable chairs which that
he can sleep on.=He loves comfortable chairs on which he
can sleep.4. He loves comfortable chairs. He can sleep
on them.1 He is the man __________ lives in Qingdao.
2 These are the only things ______ my mother
told me yesterday.
3 Do you know the song __________ is called
“heart strings”
4 I love the places ______ the weather is warm.
5 She is the girl _______ name is Lily.
6 I want to visit Xi’an _______ there are many places of interest.
7 He is the man for _______ I’m waiting.
8 This is the best book ______ I have ever read.
9 The school ________ I study is beautiful.
10 I love my hometown _______ I was born.who/thatthatwhich/ thatwherewhosewherewhomthatwherewhere
Thank You
