（2015聚焦中考）2015中考复习教师用书 教案 第4讲七年级(下)Units 7－12

第4讲　七年级(下)Units 7－12
1．sun(n.)→__sunny__(adj.)晴朗的→__sunshine__(n.)阳光
2．windy(adj.)→__wind__(n.)风
3．cloudy(adj.)→__cloud__(n.)云
4．cook(v.)→__cook__(n.)厨师→__cooker__(n.)厨具
5．bad(adj.)→__worse__(比较级)→__worst__(最高级)
6．hot(adj.)→__hotter__(比较级)→__hottest__(最高级)
7．heavy(adj.)→__light__(adj.反义词)轻的
8．thin(adj.)→__thinner__(比较级)→__thinnest__(最高级)
9．height(n.)→__high__(adj.)高的
10．put(v.)→__put__(过去式)→__put__(过去分词)
11．differently(adv.)→__different__(adj.)不同的→__difference__(n.)不同点
12．feed(v.)→__fed__(过去式)→__fed__(过去分词)
13．grow(v.)→__grew__(过去式)→__grown__(过去分词)
14．farm(n.)农场→__farmer__(n.)农民
15．worry(v.&n.)→__worried__(adj.)担忧的
16．exciting(adj.)→__excited__(adj.)感到兴奋的
17．slow(adj.)→__slowly__(adv.)慢地→__fast__(adj.反义词)快的；迅速的
18．expensive(adj.)→__dear__(adj.同义词)贵的→__cheap__(adj.反义词)便宜的
19．mouse(n.)→__mice__(复数)
20．sheep(n.)→__sheep__(复数)
21．visitor(n.)→__visit__(v.)参观；访问
22．surprise(n.&v.)→__surprising__(adj.)令人吃惊的→__surprised__(adj.)感到惊讶的
23．nature(n.)→__natural__(adj.)自然的
24．wake(v.)→__awake_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_(adj.)醒着的→__sleep__(v.反义词)睡觉→__asleep__(adj.反义词)睡着的
1．take a __message__　捎个口信
2．__call__ sb.back　(给某人)回电话
3．__on__ (a) vacation　度假
4．__across___ __from__　在……对面
5．__in__ __front___ __of__　在……前面
6．__next__ to　紧靠……的旁边
7．__between__．..__and__．..　在……和……中间
8．go __along__ (the street)　沿着(这条街)走
9．__turn__ right/left　向右/左转
10．__spend__ time　花时间
11．__enjoy__ __reading__　喜欢阅读
12．__watch__ sb.__doing__ sth.　看见某人正在做某事
13．(be) __of__ medium height　中等身高
14．__look__ __like__　看上去像
15．__a__ __little__　一点；少量
16．__wear__ __glasses__　戴眼镜
17．__in__ the end　最后
18．__in__ the newspaper　在报纸上
19．the __same__ __way__　同样的方法
20．__first__ __of__ __all__　首先
21．__would__ __like__　愿意；想要
22．__take__ one's __order__　点菜
23．one __bowl__ of...一碗……
24．__around__ the world　世界各地
25．__make__ a wish　许愿
26．blow __out__　吹灭
27．__get__ popular　受欢迎；流行
28．__cut__ __up__　切碎
29．__bring__ good __luck__ to...　给……带来好运
30．__milk__ a cow　给奶牛挤奶
31．__ride__ a horse　骑马
32．__feed__ chickens　喂鸡
33．quite __a__ __lot__ (of...)　许多
34．in the __countryside__　在乡下
35．be __interested__ __in__　对……感兴趣
36．__climb__ mountain　爬山
37．__pick__ strawberries　摘草莓
38．__all__ __in__ __all__　总的来说
39．camp __by__ the lake　在湖边扎营
40．__go__ __to__ the beach　去海滩
41．stay __up__ __late__　熬夜
42．__run__ __away__　跑开
43．__shout__ __at__．..　冲……大声叫嚷
44．__fly__ a kite　放风筝
45．__put__ __up__　挂起；举起
46．__get__ a surprise　吃惊
47．__shout__ __to__．..　对……大声喊叫
48．__up__ and __down__　上上下下；起伏
49．__wake__．..up　把……弄醒
50．__make__ a fire　生火
51．__study__ __for__ a test　为考试学习
1．__How's__ the weath ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er in Shanghai？/__What's__ the weather __like__ in Shanghai？上海天气怎么样？
2．__How's____ __it__ __going__？近来可好？
3．I'm __having__ a gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eat time __visiting__ my aunt in Canada.我正在加拿大拜访我的阿姨，我很开心。
4．I want to _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_call__ you but my phone isn't working，so I'm __writing___ __to__ you.我想给你打电话，但是我的电话坏了，所以我正在给你写信。
5．—__Is__ __there__ a restaurant __near__ your house？在你家附近有餐馆吗？
—Yes，there __is__．/No，there __isn't__．是的，有。/不，没有。
6．Turn __right__ at the __first__ crossing.在第一个十字路口向右转。
7．—__What__ does he __look__ __like__？他长什么样？
—He __is__ __of__ medium build.他中等身材。
8．__Is__ he tall __or__ short？他长得高还是矮？
9．He __has__ brown hair and __wears__ glasses.他的头发是棕色的，戴着眼镜。
10．__What__ __kind__ __of__ noodles __would__ you __like__？你想要哪种面条？
11．__What__ __size__ would you like？你们要多大碗的？
12．—__How__ __was__ your school trip？你的学校旅行过得怎么样？
—It was great！好极了！
13．I __don't__ like the trip __at__ __all__．我一点也不喜欢这次旅行。
14．What __did__ you __do__ last weekend？你上周末做了什么？
15．I worked __as__ a guide at the Natural History Museum.我在自然历史博物馆当导游。
16．I was __so__ tired __that__ I went to sleep early.我太累了，所以早早就睡着了。
enjoy
【典例在线】
The children enjoy playing football.孩子们喜欢踢足球。
We enjoyed the film very much.我们非常喜欢那部电影。
They enjoyed themselves at the party last weekend.上周末他们在聚会上玩得很开心。
【拓展精析】
enjoy作及物动词，意为“喜欢；享受……的乐趣”。
enjoy sth.喜欢某物；enjoy doing sth.喜欢干某事
enjoy oneself “玩得愉快”，相当于have a good time或have fun。
【活学活用】
1)The retired couple enjoy __D__ photos.(2013，上海)
A．take　　　B．took　　　C．to take　　D．taking
as
【典例在线】
We have a job for you as a waiter.我们有一个服务员的工作给你。
Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.刘英不像她姐姐一样擅长运动。
My friend wears the same clothes as I do.我的朋友穿着跟我同样的衣服。
His mother looked after him as well as she could.他的妈妈尽她所能照顾好他。
【拓展精析】
as作介词，意为“作为”。
as作连词，意为“同样；一样”，a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s...as意为“与……一样”，中间加形容词或副词的原级。not as/so...as意为“与……不一样”。
as作连词，意为“像……一样；由于”。
相关短语：as soon as一… ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )…就……；as usual像平常一样；regard...as把……看作；as...as possible＝as...as sb.can尽可能……地；the same as与……一样；as a result 因此；as for至于；关于。
【活学活用】
2)Now，people regard dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inking tea __A__ a culture more than a habit.(2014，宣城模拟)
A．as B．by C．of D．with
3)—Where would you like to visit
—I'd like to go __B__．(2014，芜湖模拟)
A．relaxing somewhere B．somewhere relaxing
C．relaxing anywhere D．anywhere relaxing
4)Everyone wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts to win.But __A__ me，the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.(2014，江西)
A．as for B．thanks to
C．instead of D．such as
—How is the weather in Beijing？北京的天气如何？
—It's sunny.晴朗。
【典例在线】
What's the w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eather like in Beijing？/How is the weather in Beijing？北京天气如何？
【拓展精析】
句型“How's the weathe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r in＋地点”常用来询问天气，回答用“It's...”。该句型等于“What's the weather like in＋地点”。
【活学活用】
1)—__D__
—It's sunny today.(2014，黄山模拟)
A．How was the weather yesterday
B．How are you doing
C．What fine weather!
D．What's the weather like today
Is there a hospital near here？这附近有医院吗？
【典例在线】
There is a book in my bag.我书包里有一本书。
there be结构，表示某处有/存在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )某人或某物。其中的be动词应根据主语的人称、数的不同而变化，主语是单数名词或第三人称单数时用is，主语是复数名词或其他人称时用are。
there be结构的一般疑问句是将be动词提到句首，句尾用问号。回答时先用Yes或No，再作简单回答。其否定形式是在be动词后加not。
【拓展精析】
there be结构中be的后面若只有一个主语，谓语动词的数则取决于主语的数；若有几个主语并列，则通常与靠近的主语的数保持一致。
【活学活用】
2)There __D__ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle's farm now.(2014，重庆)
A．was B．were C．is D．are
3)There __D__ be a fashion show in our town tomorrow.(2014，淮北模拟)
A．are going to B．will have
C．has D．is going to
What does your friend look like？你朋友长得怎么样？
【典例在线】
—What does your brother look like？你哥哥长什么样？
—He is tall and thin.他又高又瘦。
—What's your sister like？你妹妹是什么性格？
—She is outgoing.她很外向。
【拓展精析】
该句型是用来询问人的外部特征的，回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )答常用高、矮、胖、瘦、大眼睛、高鼻子等来回答。即可用“主语＋系动词＋形容词”句式或者“主语＋have/has＋名词”句式，意思是“某人长着……”。
询问人的外部特征时也可用“What is/are sb.like？”句型。此句型还可用来询问人的性格。
【活学活用】
4)—__A__？(2014，淮南模拟)
—He is not very heavy and wears glasses.
A．What does Ron look like
B．What is Ron
C．What do you think of Ron
D．How is Ron
What kind of noodles would you like？你想要哪种面条？
【典例在线】
We would like to go to the beach.我们想去海滩。
I'd like you to go with me.我想让你和我一起去。
—Would you like to stay here with us？你想和我们一起待在这儿吗？
—Yes，I'd like to.是的，我想。
—Would you like some tea？你想喝些茶吗？
—No，thanks.不，谢谢。
【拓展精析】
would like意为“想；想要”，其同义词为want，常用句型如下：
would like to do sth.想要做某事
would like sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事
Would you like sth.？ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你想要某物吗？(询问别人要什么)，此时肯定回答常用“Yes，please.”，否定回答常用“No，thanks.”。
Would you like to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )do sth.？你愿意做某事吗？(表示邀请建议)，此时肯定回答常用“Yes，I'd love/like to.”，否定回答常用“I'd love to，but...(陈述具体理由)”。
【活学活用】
5)—Would you like something to drink
—__C__．I'm thirsty.(2014，重庆)
A．Yes，I can B．No，thanks
C．Yes，please D．No，I don't like it
6)—Tom，would you like to go to our English party this Saturday
—__C__．(2014，凉山)
A．Yes，please B．I don't like to
C．Yes，I'd love to D．Yes，thanks
across，cross，through，past，over
【典例在线】
They walked across the bridge.他们走过了那座桥。
Be careful when you cross the street.当你过马路时要小心。
The river runs through the city.这条河从城市中间流过。
She walked past a bank.她路过了一个银行。
The birds flew over the city.鸟儿飞过城市。
【拓展精析】
across介词，意为“穿过”，指从物体表面穿过，有on的含义。cross动词，相当于go/walk/run across。
through介词，意为“从……通过；穿过”。指从物体内部穿过，有in的含义。
past介词，意为“经过；路过”，指从物体的旁边经过。
over介词，意为“穿过”，常指越过高的障碍物等。
【活学活用】
1)The two men run __through__ the forest.
2)The little girl ran __across__ the road.
3)When I walked __past__ him，I found something strange on his face.
4)The cat jumped __over__ the wall and ran away.
cost，spend，take，pay
【典例在线】
The dictionary costs 30 yuan.这本词典花了三十元钱。
It took me two hours to do my homework last night.昨晚我做作业花了两个小时。
The journey took me two weeks.旅行花了我两周时间。
He spent five dollars on the book.他买书花了五美元。
He has paid 50 dollars for the medicine.他已付了50美元买药。
【拓展精析】
①cost的主语只能是物或事，而不能是人，常用于sth.cost(s)(sb.)some money结构。
②take主要指花时间，常用结构为：I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t takes sb.some time to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。
③spend的主语必须是人，常 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用于spend time/money on sth.或spend time/money (in) doing sth.结构中，其中in可省略。
④pay的主语是人，通常用于pay some money for sth.“为……而付款”结构。
【活学活用】
5)Tom __paid__ for the meal just now.
6)How much do the shoes __cost__？
7)I __spent__ an hour on this math problem this morning.
8)It usually __takes__ me two hours to do my homework every day.
little，a little，few，a few
【典例在线】
There is little milk in the glass.杯子里几乎没牛奶了。
He can speak a little English.他会说一点儿英语。
She said that memor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )izing the words of pop also helped a little.她说记流行歌词也有点儿帮助。
Few eggs are left，we have to buy some.没多少鸡蛋剩下了，我们不得不买一些。
There are a few apple ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s on the table，would you like one？桌上有一些苹果，你想要一个吗？
【拓展精析】
little修饰不可数名词，意为“少量”(几乎没有)，表否定意义。
a little修饰不可数名词，意为“一点儿”，表肯定意义。
little，a little还可修饰动词，放在动词之后。
few修饰可数名词，意为“少量”(几乎没有)，表否定意义。
a few修饰可数名词，意为“一点儿”，表肯定意义。
【活学活用】
9)In our schoo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l，________ students like English，but __B__ of them can speak English smoothly.(2014，铜仁)
A．a little；a few B．a few；few
C．a few；little D．a little；few
10)There is __D__ news about this movie star in the newspaper.Where can I get some？(2014，六安模拟)
A．many B．a few C．a little D．little
cheap，expensive，high，low
【典例在线】
This cloth doll is very cheap.这个布娃娃很便宜。
This watch is expensive.这块表很贵。
The price of this watch is too high.这块表的价格太高了。
The price of this book is not low for me.这本书的价格对我来说不低。
【拓展精析】
expensive与high涉及价格“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )高”，而cheap与low涉及价格“低”。expensive，cheap是一组反义词，其主语必须是货物、物品本身，不能是价格。high，low是一组反义词，其主语是价格(price)，不能是物品本身。
询问价格的句型为：How much is...？＝What is the price of...
【活学活用】
11)The things in the supermarket are not __expensive．这家超市的东西不贵。
12)The price of this ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) house is too __high__ for him to afford.对他来说这房子的价格太高，买不起。
anything，something，nothing，everything
【典例在线】
We can't believe anything he says.无论他说什么，我们都不能相信。
Something is wrong with your eyes.你的眼睛有问题。
Nothing is impossible.没有什么是不可能的。
I hope everything goes well.我希望一切顺利。
Is there anything important in today's newspaper？今天报纸上有什么重要事情吗？
【拓展精析】
anything意为“任何事；某事”，常用于否定句或疑问句中。
something意为“某事；某物”，常用于肯定句中，也可用于征求意见的疑问句中。
nothing意为“没有什么；没有东西”。
everything意为“每件事；一切事情”，可用于肯定句、疑问句或否定句中。
注意：复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；形容词修饰复合不定代词应后置。
【活学活用】
13)Look！Sonia looks wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rried.There must be __B__ wrong with her.(2014，济宁)
A．nothing B．something
C．anything D．everything
14)This work needs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) close teamwork.__A__ will be achieved unless we work well together.(2014，苏州)
A．Nothing B．Anything
C．Something D．Everything
15)—Would you like __A__ to eat
—No，thanks.(2014，宿州模拟)
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
一、根据首字母及汉语提示完成单词。
1．We can't walk __a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cross__ (穿过) the street when the traffic light is red.(2014，芜湖模拟)
2．In Changsha it's v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ery hot in summer and very __cold__ (冷的) in winter.(2014，合肥模拟)
3．This mobile pho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne is __cheap__ (便宜的)，but he still can't afford it.(2014，黄山模拟)
4．Yesterday we wen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t to the __cinema__ (电影院)．That movie was very interesting.(2014，池州模拟)
5．China is a great __country__ (国家)．I'm proud of being a Chinese.
二、单项选择。
6．My old neighbor C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )harles enjoys __C__ photos.He always goes out with his camera.(2014，孝感)
A．take B．to take C．taking D．took
7．Now，people regard drinking eat __A__ a culture.
A．as B．by C．of D．with
8．There __A__ some milk and two eggs on the table.(2014，永州)
A．is B．are C．has D．have
9．Now teenager ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s are very busy with their schoolwork and they have __B__ time to do exercise.(2014，淮安)
A．few B．little C．a few D．a little
10．The air in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Dongying is much worse than that in many other cities.We must do __C__ to protect our environment.(2014，东营)
A．nothing B．anything
C．something D．everything
11．—__C__ does your new friend look like
—He is tall with short blonde hair and big blue eyes.(2014，安庆模拟)
A．How B．Who C．What D．Where
12．—Mom，I want to buy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) this dictionary.It's good and not too __D__．(2014，宿州模拟)
—Let me see.It's reall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y a useful dictionary.And the price is ______．OK，I'll buy it for you.
A．high；low B．expensive；cheap
C．high；cheap D．expensive；low
13．—I __A__ a lot of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime playing computer games every day.(2014，马鞍山模拟)
—Oh，boy.It's bad for your eyes.
A．spend B．take C．pay D．cost
14．The old man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a good swimmer，and even now he often swims __D__ Tuojiang River after supper.(2014，铜陵模拟)
A．over B．through C．to D．across
15．I've been so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bored for a long time.I hope to have __C__ to do.(2014，兰州)
A．exciting anything B．nothing exciting
C．something interesting D．good something
书信及电子邮件的写作
一、书信具有实用性强、使用广泛等特点，是我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们日常生活中应用最为广泛的一种文体，中考对书信写作的整体要求是：格式正确，内容简明扼要，条理清楚，表意明确，礼貌适度。英文书信一般由以下几部分组成：
1．信头：写信人地址和日期，有时可省去写信人地址，但一般要写日期，要写在信的右上角。
2．称呼：指对收信人的称呼，写在左上角 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，顶格写；称呼后面的标点一般接逗号。常用Dear，后一般接名字；Mr.，Mrs.，Miss后用姓或姓与名。
3．正文：是信件的主体部分，写在称呼的下一行，一般由左边第三个或第五个字母处开始写起。正文第一段也可顶格写，但以后各段应空两格。
4．结尾：指正文下面的结尾客套话， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位置应低于正文一行或两行，一般从信纸的中间稍右写起，第一个字母大写，末尾用逗号。常用Yours sincerely，Yours，Sincerely yours等。
5．签名：写在结尾语的下面一行。
二、电子邮件使用方便、传送快捷，而且还可以一信多发，特别适合信息交通。那么，如何写正规的电子邮件呢？
1．收件人地址：在标题(Heading)栏的“收件人(To)”框中输入收件人的e mail地址。
2．主题：“主题(Subject)”框中的内容应简要概括邮件内容，可以是一个单词，也可以是一个短语。
3．问候：电子邮件一般使用非正式 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文体，在好友或同事间可以直呼其名，如Tommy；但称呼长辈或上级时，最好使用头衔加上姓，如Mr.Brown。
4．正文：这是电子邮件的主体部分。为了让收件人了解你的用意，内容应条理清晰，简洁明了。
5．结尾：通常只需一个词，如Thank ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s，Best，Cheers等，不能用一般信函中的Sincerely yours，Best regards等。
6．签名：最后写上邮件发送人姓名。
三、常用句型：
1．Thank you for your letter.谢谢你的来信。
2．I was glad/happy to receive your letter.很高兴收到你的信。
3．How is everything going？一切可好？
4．How are you these days？/How are you getting on these days？近来如何？
5．I'm writing to you to...我给你写信是为了……
6．I'm looking forward to your reply/hearing from you soon.盼望你尽快回复/信。
7．Please send my love to...请代我向……问好。
四、写作典例。(2014，随州)
假如你是李明，你的朋友Peter即 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )将面临中考，然而他却深感压力巨大，寝食不安，情绪低落，学习效率低下。请你写一封信给他提一些有益的建议，帮助他调整心态，提高学习效率，轻松迎考。
要点：1.学会放松(体育锻炼，听音乐……)
2．健康饮食
3．充足睡眠
4．学会沟通
注意：1.词数：80词左右。(文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)
2．可适当发挥，但必须包含以上要点。
【范文欣赏】
Dear_Peter，
Don't_worry_about_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )your_study_too_much.First，you should learn how to relax yourself.I think doing more sports is good for your health.Listening to music is also a good way to relax.And I think it's necessary to have healthy eating habits.Please remember to have breakfast every morning.It can give you enough energy to study for the whole morning.You'd better go to bed early and have enough sleep.It will keep you active during the day.Finally I think you should talk with your friends，parents or teachers often.Tell them about your thoughts and feelings.Try to get help from them.
I_hope_you_can_stay_in_good_spirits，and_study_better.
Yours，
Li_Ming
,请完成考点跟踪突破4　　)