Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Discovering Useful Structures—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.The heavy snow caused the _____(roof) of many greenhouses for growing vegetables in Shenyang to be damaged.
2.Mary passed the college _____ (enter) examination, which made her parents very happy.
知识点2 形容词的用法
3.Although her parents thought that she should become a _____ (profession) musician, Victoria has other plans for her life.
4.I'm writing to tell you about the debate on whether we should spend time and energy on _____ (archaeologist) work.
知识点3 介词的用法
5.Do you still remember the day _____ which we first met each other
【提升能力】
6.这是我看过的最鼓舞人心的电影。
This is the most inspiring film _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.
7.有一段时间我在我的生活中遇到了一些困难。
There was _____ _____ _____ I had some difficulties in my life.
8.每个人都会遇到需要帮助的情况。
Everyone can get into the situation ________ we need help.
9.她在她的作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
She described some people and places _____ _____ _____ _____ in her composition.
10.在中国，茶馆是人们聚在一起喝茶和聊天的地方。
In China, a teahouse is a place _____ _____ _____ _____ to enjoy tea and chat.
【综合素养】
11. Yinxu (Ruins of Yin) is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty (1600 BC— 1046 BC). The capital served 255 years for 12 kings. It shows the golden age of early Chinese culture, crafts and science, a time of great prosperity(繁荣) during the Chinese Bronze Age(青铜时代).
Discovered in 1899, Yinxu is one of the oldest and largest archeological sites(考古遗址) in China and is one of the historical capitals of China and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It lies in central Henan Province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public as the Garden Museum of Yinxu. It is famous as the source of oracle bone script(甲骨文), the earliest recorded form of Chinese writing. The oracle bone script has recorded almost everything from dream-explaining to events such as harvests, birth of a child, the weather and the success of military campaigns.
Over 3,000 tombs, 2,200 pits, and 200 houses have been dug out at Yinxu. The large number of burial accessories found there shows the high level of the Shang crafts industry.
The site includes a main palace and an ancient tomb. Besides, there are a number of large buildings, at least 53 of which have been dug out.
Yinxu has seen many years of research, first researched in the late 1920s to the early 1930s and most recently by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
1. During which period may Yin have been the capital of China's Shang Dynasty
A. 1600 BC-1500 BC. B. 1500 BC—1200 BC.
C. 1200 BC-1050 BC. D. 1050 BC—850 BC.
2. From the passage, we can know that Yinxu ________.
A. was discovered in the 1920s
B. can be visited by the public
C. now proved the failure of the Shang Dynasty
D. was the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty
3. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. there are 200 houses in Yinxu
B. many things are still to be dug out
C. Anyang is a city of the Shang Dynasty
D. no research has been carried out on Yinxu
12. More than 10 million Chinese cultural relics have been lost overseas, lots of which were stolen and illegally shipped out of China during the times of war before 1949. About 1. 67 million pieces are housed in no more than 200 museums in 47 countries, which accounts for 10 percent of all lost Chinese cultural relics, and the rest are in the hands of private collectors.
Most of these treasures are owned by museums or private collectors in the United States, Europe, Japan and Southeast Asian countries. There are more than 23,000 pieces in the British Museum, most of which were stolen or bought for pennies more than 100 years ago.
The major method to recover these national treasures was to buy them back. In some cases, private collectors donated the relics to the government. Also the government can turn to official channels to demand the return of relics.
In 2003, a priceless bronze pig's head dating from the Qing Dynasty was returned to its home in Beijing after it was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago. Macao entrepreneur(企业家) Stanley Ho donated 6 million yuan to buy it back from a US art collector and then donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
Although buying-back is the most feasible way to recover the lost treasures, limited funding is always a big headache.
In recent years, the Chinese government has improved efforts to recover the precious cultural relics lost overseas. It has started a national project on the recovery of the treasures and has set up a database(数据库) collecting relevant information. It has signed several international agreements with many countries on this matter, and is also looking for international cooperation to recover the relics by working closely with several international organizations.
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.The ways to recover cultural relics.
B.The efforts to recover Chinese cultural relics.
C.Stanley Ho donated a bronze pig s head to Beijing.
D.Chinese cultural relics were stolen by the Anglo-French Allied Army.
2.We can infer from the passage that _______.
A.China has enough money to buy all the cultural relics back.
B.The Chinese government has done a lot to recover the lost cultural relics.
C.Many countries have returned the lost cultural relics to China for free.
D.China is preparing to set up a database to collect information about the lost cultural relics.
3.Which of the following statements about the bronze pig's head is NOT true
A.It was made in the Qing Dynasty.
B.It is now in the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
C.It was donated by the French government to Qiina,
D.It was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago.
4.The underlined word "feasible" in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by "_______".
A. possible
B. difficult
C. wonderful
D. careful
答案以及解析
1.答案：roofs
解析：考查名词复数。roof是可数名词,根据设空处后面的many greenhouses 可知此处应用可数名词的复数形式。roof的复数形式是roofs。故填roofs。
2.答案：entrance
3.答案：professional
4.答案：archaeological
5.答案：on
解析：考查介词。设空处前面是the day,此处指你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗 即"We first met each other _____ the day.", which指代the day,由与先行词的固定搭配(on the day)可知填on。该句中"介词+关系代词(on which)"引导定语从句。 故填on。
6.答案：that I have ever seen
7.答案：a time when
8.答案：where
9.答案：that impressed her most
10.答案：where people get together
11.答案：1-3 CBB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Yinxu (Ruins of Yin) is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty (1600 BC—1046 BC). The capital served 255 years for 12 kings.可知。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的It lies in central Henan Province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public, as the Garden Museum of Yinxu.可知殷墟可以被公众参观。故选B。
3.细节理解题，根据第四段The site includes a main palace and an ancient tomb. Besides, there are a number of large buildings, at least 53 of which have been dug out.可推断出许多东西还将被挖掘。故选B。
12.答案：1-4 BBCA
解析：1.主旨大意題。本文主要讲述了中国政府为了收回丢失海外的文物所做的努力。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第六段可知中国政府已经为丢失的文物做了许多事。故选B。
3.细节推理题。根据第四段In 2003, a priceless bronze pig's head dating from the Qing Dynasty... it was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago... donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.等信息可知A、B、D三项都正确，C项错误。故选C。
4.词义猜测题。本句句意:尽管回购是收回丟失的珍宝的最可行的方式，然而有限的资金总是令人头疼。"feasible"可行的，可能的，与possible同义。故选A。
2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Reading and Thinking—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.The ______(apply) of robots in libraries makes the job of librarians easier.
2.Zhang Guimei has made great _____(contribute) to the cause of education.
知识点2 形容词的用法
3.The underwater dance is very _____(create), which has attracted many people's attention.
4.I believe that every child has ______(limit) potential(潜力) to succeed.
知识点3 动名词的用法
5.Students should be prevented from ______(take) their cellphones to the campus.
【提升能力】
6.总有一天，我们每一个人都要回忆我们的生活。
________________ every one of us looks back at our life.
7.这个动物园并不是唯一能够看到这种动物的地方。
This zoo is not the only place _____________________.
8.他不仅读过这本书，而且他还记得他读过的内容。
________________ the book, but he remembered what he had read.
9.我们面前有两条路，一条通向海滩，另一条通向城堡。
There are two paths before us, one ________________, the other to the castle.
10.我们必须戴口罩是因为这是阻止感染传播的最有效的方式之一。
The reason why/for which we must wear a mask is that this is one of the most effective ways __________________.
【综合素养】
11. Why do more and more people show interest in cultural heritage(遗产) these days ①_____ Maybe it's because technology has made it easier to learn about our ancestors. Here's a list of several ways to connect you with your cultural heritage.
If you aren't sure where your ancestors are from, a DNA test can be a good way. Companies like Family Tree DNA will sell you a testing box that teaches you what to do. ②_____ There have been concerns about the safety—your DNA information sold to companies without asking you. If a DNA test isn't your cup of tea, you can try several other ways.
One of the most enjoyable ways to learn about your family tree is sitting down with an older relative to chat about it. Talk in person with a grandparent, great-grandparent, or any other family member who's been around long enough to tell you about the past. ③_____
④_____ So one way to bridge the gap between your family's past and present is to cook a traditional meal. If your ancestors are from Italy, you can learn how to host an Italian dinner party. Invite some relatives to share your common heritage over a meal.
Learning a language is a unique way to connect with your ancestors and culture. ⑤_____ Once you've known the language of your ancestors, you may want to get in touch with your heritage by picking up the basics of that language.
A.Food is part of your cultural heritage.
B.This is a great way to learn about your ancestors.
C.You generally get your test results within a few weeks.
D.It can also let you meet new people and have more experiences.
E.Food can help you feel like you're truly experiencing that culture.
F.People are eager to learn as much about our ancestors as possible.
G.Perhaps they want to have a sense of belonging in our globalized world.
12. India has a very vast history and heritage. The country has witnessed some of the most important events in the past and every event has an effect of its own on the culture, lifestyle, and economy of the country. This is one of the leading reasons why tourists prefer to travel to and explore India. Historical tours in India provide everything that a traveler expects from his/her journey. These historical tours give an opportunity to study and explore Indian history.
Historical tours of India generally consist of four phases(阶段): ancient India, medieval(中世纪的) India, modern India and contemporary India. Some of the historical travel packages are:
Forts(城堡) and Palaces
The rich cultural past of India is reflected in the countless forts and palaces across the country. Most of the forts were constructed as a defense device to keep the enemy away and palaces were named after the kings and queens. Some of the famous forts and palaces are: Agra Fort (Agra), Fatehpur Sikri (Agra), Hawa Mahal (Jaipur), Gwalior Fort (Gwalior), Mysore Palace (Mysore), etc.
India Heritage Tours
The main purpose of India heritage tours is to make Indians as well as tourists familiar with the rich Indian legacy(遗产). The heritage of the country has a history of at least 5,000 years. Some of the heritage tours are: the medieval heritage, the Rajput heritage, splendid Gujarat, etc.
South India Historical Tours
The South India is known for its diversity and there are many places which attract tourists not only from the country but also from all over the world. The famous tourist destinations in South India include Cochin, Kerala and Munnar and the list goes on and on.
1.What's the main purpose of this passage
A. To report some important events in the history of India.
B.To help study the culture and history of India.
C.To introduce some tours in which tourists can explore the history of India.
D.To tell us how to explore the history of India.
2.Why do many tourists prefer to travel to and explore India
A.Because modern India has little to study.
B.Because its culture is greatly influenced by its history.
C.Because Indian people have an interesting lifestyle.
D.Because India's history is longer than that of any other country.
3.Most forts were built in order to _____.
A.honor the kings B.act as palaces for queens
C.attract tourists D.keep enemies away
答案以及解析
1.答案：application
解析：考查名词。根据设空处前的定冠词The和设空处后的介词of可知此处应用名词,故填application,意为"应用"。此处指图书馆中机器人的应用。故填application。
2.答案：contributions
解析：考查名词。make a contribution to.../make contributions to...意为"对……做出贡献"。故填contributions。句意:张桂梅对教育事业做出了巨大的贡献。故填contributions。
3.答案：creative
解析：考查形容词。根据The underwater dance(主语)和is(系动词)可知此处应用形容词作表语,故填creative,意为"创造性的"。句意:这支水下舞蹈非常有创造性,它吸引了很多人的注意。句中的which引导的是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词The underwater dance。故填creative。
4.答案：limitless
解析：考查形容词。设空处修饰其后的名词potential,应用形容词,此处指每个孩子都有无限的成功的潜力,故用形容词limitless,意为"无限的"。故填limitless。
5.答案：taking
解析：考查动名词。prevent sb. from doing sth.意为"阻止某人做某事",此处为被动语态sb. be prevented from doing sth.。故填taking。句意:学生们应该被阻止把他们的手机带到校园中。故填taking。
6.答案：There comes a time when
7.答案：where the animal can be seen
8.答案：Not only did he read
9.答案：leading to the beach
10.答案：to prevent the spread of infection
11.答案：GCBAD
解析：①推理判断题。根据前文"Why do more and more people show interest in cultural heritage(遗产) these days "(为什么现在越来越多的人对文化遗产感兴趣 )说明在提问越来越多的人对文化遗产感兴趣,后文应介绍原因,G项Perhaps they want to have a sense of belonging in our globalized world."也许他们想在我们全球化的世界中有一种归属感。"介绍了人们感兴趣的原因,符合题意。故选G。
②逻辑关系题。根据上文"Companies like Family Tree DNA will sell you a testing box that teaches you what to do."(像家谱DNA这样的公司会卖给你一个测试盒,教你怎么做。)说明家谱DNA公司会卖给你测试盒并教你怎么做,C项中"get your test results"(得到你的测试结果)是关键词,与上文是承接关系,C项You generally get your test results within a few weeks."你通常会在几周内得到测试结果。"符合题意。故选C。
③推理判断题。根据上文"Talk in person with a grandparent, great-grandparent, or any other family member who's been around long enough to tell you about the past."(与祖父母、曾祖父母或任何其他长期在你身边的家庭成员交谈,他们会告诉你过去的事情。)说明和年长的家庭成员交谈,他们会告诉你过去的事情,B项This is a great way to learn about your ancestors."这是了解祖先的好方法。"符合题意。故选B。
④推理判断题。根据下文"So one way to bridge the gap between your family's past and present is to cook a traditional meal."(因此,弥合家庭过去和现在之间差距的一种方法是做一顿传统的饭菜。)说明,做一顿传统的饭菜可以弥合过去和现在的差距,推测食物也是传统的一部分,A项Food is part of your cultural heritage."食物是你的文化遗产的一部分。"符合题意。故选A。
⑤细节理解题。根据上文"Learning a language is a unique way to connect with you're ancestors and culture."(学习语言是连接你祖先和文化一种独特的方式。)说明语言可以连接祖先和文化,后文应继续介绍语言的作用,D项It canal so let you meet new people and have more experiences."它还可以让你结识新朋友,获得更多经验。"符合题意。故选D。
12.
1.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。第一段点出了为什么游客喜欢到印度旅行以及印度历史之旅的特点,第二段简单介绍了印度历史之旅的几个阶段,第三、四、五段为具体的几个历史旅行套餐的展示,由此可知,该篇文章的主要目的是介绍一些可以探索印度历史的旅行。故选C。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"The country has witnessed some of the most important events... and economy of the country. This is one of the leading reasons..."可知很多人喜欢到印度旅游是因为它的文化受历史的影响。故选B。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Most of the forts were constructed as a defense device to keep the enemy away"可知建城堡是为了御敌。故选D。
2Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Reading for Writing—2023-2024学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练
【夯实基础】
知识点1 名词的用法
1.She explains her findings by making a _____(compare).
2.A terrible flood hit Shanxi Province, causing a great _____(lose).
知识点2 形容词的用法
3.To introduce _____(tradition) Chinese culture, our school will hold a class meeting.
4.To keep healthy, students should take exercise regularly and have a _____(balance) diet.
知识点3 副词的用法
5.We had walked _____(far) than I had realized.
【提升能力】
6.清明节那天可能会下雨。(likely)
_____ _____ _____ _____ it will rain on Tomb-sweeping Day.
7.自那时以来，文化遗产得到了很好的保护。(preserve)
The cultural heritage _____ _____ _____ _____ since then.
8.曾经有一段时间人们没有注意保持工作和放松之间的平衡。 (定语从句; balance)
There _____ _____ _____ _____ people didn't pay attention to _____ _____ _____ _____ work _____ relaxation.
9.积极参加课外活动有利于学生的身心健康。 (动名词短语作主语)
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ after-school activities is beneficial to students' mental and physical health.
10.他觉得捐一大笔钱来确保这些贫困的孩子能得到良好的教育是值得的。 (worthwhile)
He thought _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ a lot of money to make sure these poor children could get a good education.
【综合素养】
11.24 Solar Terms(节气): Some Things About the Start of Autumn
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. The Start of Autumn,(Chinese:立秋), the 13th solar term of the year, indicates the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. ①_____ In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today for guiding people's lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips that correspond with each term. The following are some things you should know about the Start of Autumn.
②_____
Although the Start of Autumn represents the beginning of autumn, hot weather will not come to an end. The period of hot days after the Start of Autumn, usually lasting for 30 days, is called the "Autumn Tiger" or "Indian Summer".
Gathering crops
③_____ It is time to gather crops. There is a saying: "If it rains on the day of the Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected."
Eating peaches
In Hangzhou, people eat peaches on this occasion. The peach stones are kept until New Year's Eve and then thrown into the stove(火炉) and burned into ash(灰烬). ④_____
Touching Autumn
There is the custom of "Touching Autumn" in the northern part of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. On the eve of the Start of Autumn, people can touch and take for free all kinds of fruits in private or public gardens. ⑤_____ Many gardeners even leave some ripe fruits in the field on purpose for the guests during the night.
A.The Autumn Tiger
B.Fleshing out in autumn
C.The fruitful season is coming.
D.The Start of Autumn is a big solar term for farmers.
E.The owners will not be angry, no matter how much they lose.
F. On the first day of the Start of Autumn, usually people will weigh themselves.
G.People believed that in this way, bad things could be prevented for the whole year.
12. Two-thirds of the world's major rivers have now been disrupted(中断) with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power. In the US, there are more than 85,000 dams, disrupting large and small rivers and in most cases transforming natural flow. The most famous of these, the Hoover Dam constructed in the 1930's, is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams, besides all their attractive benefits, also have negative impacts. Creating a reservoir(水库) means a large area must be munities may lose their land houses and cultural relies(遗址). Down stream of a dam, the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.
Environmentally, the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife especially birds. However, it can cause greenhouse gas emissions(排放) and poison the water for fish. Also, the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with, resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs. Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows, for example, may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Dams don't just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields. They also prevent fish migrations and are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物) flows. Instead of rushing downriver, sediments get backed up against the dam wall, which causes the reservoir level to increase over time. However, sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem. The fertility of the entire system can be influenced be influenced by soils lost during seasonal rains, not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas(三角洲), often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans. Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city, causing the urban weight to sink and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced. The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
1.What effects does creating a reservoir have on people's life
a. People will see fewer birds near the rivers.
b. Farmers below the dam may have less water to irrigate their fields.
c. Visitors can't see some cultural relics anymore.
d. More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e. All kinds of fish will become extinct in the future.
A.b c B.c e C.b e D.a d
2.With many dams built across rivers, fish will _______.
A.find more places to lay their eggs
B.face a more dangerous living habitat
C.feed on more sediments rich in nutrients
D.find it easier to deal with the rise of water
3.How can dams influence the cities like Shanghai
A.The rainy season will last longer
B.Rich soils will be washed away
C.Their entire system will be influenced
D.They will lie below sea level in the future
4.What does the text mainly talk about
A.Economic gain of dams B.Cultural loss of dams
C.Environmental loss of dams D.Environmental benefits of dams
答案以及解析
1.答案：comparison
解析：考查名词。根据空前的a可知此处应填名词comparison。make a comparison表示"作比较"。故填comparison。
2.答案：loss
解析：考查名词。根据a可知此处应用名词。故填loss,意为"损失"。句意:一场可怕的洪水袭击了山西省,造成了巨大的损失。句中causing a great loss为现在分词短语作结果状语。故填loss。
3.答案：traditional
解析：考查形容词。根据设空处后的culture可知此处应用形容词作定语,故填traditional,意为"传统的"。故填traditional。
4.答案：balanced
解析：考查形容词。修饰名词diet应用形容词,故填balanced,意为"平衡的"。have a balanced diet意为"均衡饮食"。故填balanced。
5.答案：farther/further
解析：考查副词的比较级。句意:在我不知不觉中我们已经走得更远了。根据句意及句中than引导的比较状语从句可知此处应填far的比较级farther或further,表示"(距离)更远",farther 和further在此处为副词。故填farther/further。
6.答案：It is likely that
7.答案：has been preserved well
8.答案：was a time when; keeping the balance between; and
9.答案：Taking an active part in
10.答案：it was worthwhile to donate
11.答案：CADGE
解析：①细节句。设空处上文说到立秋是一年中的第13个节气,标志着夏天的结束和秋天的开始,C项(硕果累累的季节即将来临)顺应上文内容,秋天就是硕果累累的季节,秋天的开始标志着硕果累累的季节即将来临。故选C。
②主旨句。设空处为该段小标题,应突出该段内容的核心主题。根据后文可知,该段是在说秋天到来之后仍会存在一段天气较热的时期,这一时期即为"秋老虎"。A项(秋老虎)符合语境。故选A。
③细节句。根据该段的小标题"Gathering crops"可知,该段讲述立秋与农收的关系,结合常识可知,秋收的主人公应是农民,D项(立秋对农民来说是一个重要的节气)提及了立秋和农民的关系,符合语境。故选D。
④细节句。前文讲述了一个有关立秋的传统(在杭州,人们会在这一天吃桃,桃核一直留存到除夕夜,然后扔进火炉里烧成灰烬),设空处为段尾句。G项(人们相信,通过这种方式,一整年都可以避免坏的事情)是对该传统的意义的总结,符合语境。故选G。
⑤细节句。设空处前文提到在立秋前夕,人们可以在私人或公共果园中触摸并免费拿走各种各样的水果,设空处后文提到许多园丁甚至在夜里故意为客人留下一些成熟的水果,E项(不管他们损失了多少,主人都不会生气)与下文意义一致,他们不但不会生气,还会故意留下一些成熟的水果,E项符合语境。故选E。
12.答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段Communities may lose their land houses and cultural relies和that farmers cannot irrigate their fields可知，随着大坝的修建，蓄水淹没了一些文化遗迹，并且导致下游 的农民无法灌溉农作物。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water for fish.可知，随着大坝的修建， 蓄水会释放出温室气体，使水有毒，所以鱼的生活环境会变得危险。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans.以及最后一句可知，未来有一天，上海将会被海水淹没。故选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是修建大坝对环境造成的不利影响。故选C。
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