江苏省南京市重点中学2023-2024学年高二上学期9月开学考试英语试题（含答案）

金陵中学高二上期初考试
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
A
Risks at Your Table
Some of the "everyday foods" we eat hide some unhealthy features, which most people ignore. We take a look at some of the health risks being served to you!
Energy Drinks
You're tired and you still have to face a physical or mental stress, so what a better friend than an energy drink to overcome the effort However, most energy drinks contain chemicals that are harmful if taken in quantities, with effects that are similar to the ones from several other illegal drugs, smoking and alcohol consumption.
White Bread
White bread is poorer in fiber and protein than other bread alternatives. Fiber helps our body to understand when it has eaten enough. The sense of fullness is important if we don't want an extra-consumption of calories.
Breakfast Cereals
Breakfast cereals (麦片) fill out lots of shelves in every supermarket you get inside. They're one of the favorite foods for our first meal of the day, because they're simply delicious. What many people are not aware of is that these products are loaded with GM (转基因) organisms which affect our immune system. If you really can't separate yourselves from breakfast cereals, maybe you could start considering some organic breakfast cereal alternatives.
Fat-Free Foods
Fat-free foods may look like the gold mine for a perfectly balanced and satisfying diet, but the reality is widely different. Fats are essential for many body functions and for its healthy development. A fat-cut is not advisable, especially when your workouts aye regular. Plus, fat-free foods are usually high in processed sugar.
21. Which is particularly improper for a man going to the gym regularly
A. Energy drinks. B. White bread. C. Breakfast cereals. D. Fat-free foods.
22. What do the four foods have in common
A. They are delicious and healthy. B. They contain harmful chemicals.
C. They hide some harmful features. D. They lack some essential nutrients.
23. In which section of a website can you probably find this passage
A. Health. B. Education. C. Economy. D. Science.
B
Speaking to The Guardian at the Third International Conference on Human genetic editing, Prof Jennifer Doudna, a 2020 Nobel chemistry prize winner, said, “We’ll definitely be seeing genetic therapies (治疗；疗法) for heart diseases, brain diseases, and eye conditions.” But she warned, “One of the riskiest and most realistic potentials is that trials of gene editing in embryos (胚胎) will probably follow.”
The technology can and will smooth the way for therapies for enhancing healthy humans, to make them faster, smarter, stronger, or more resistant to diseases, though enhancement would be more difficult than mending single faulty genes. According to the experts at the conference, including geneticists, public health researchers and philosophers, a wave of gene editing therapies were expected to reach clinics in the next five years or so. The therapies will correct disease-causing disorders in tissues and organs and become mature as researchers work out how to make multiple edits at once and reach difficult areas such as parts of the brain.
However, Doudna and the other experts also expressed their concern that the next generation of advanced genetic therapies raises serious issues that must be tackled to ensure the technology benefits patients and society. Prof Fran oise Baylis. a philosopher at Dalhousie University in Canada, was worried that in addition to the sure sign of genetic enhancement coming, the cost of the new therapies would be too high for much of the global population. Prof Mayana Zatz, at the University of S o Paulo, Brazil, said she was against editing genes for improvement but added, “There will always be people ready to pay for it in private clinics and it will be difficult to stop.”
One conclusion almost all experts shared was that while all these potential problems and risks did exist, a future full of promise would definitely be witnessed. After all, it is not technology itself but ways in which people employ it that decide the result.
24. Which is not considered as beneficial by Prof Jennifer Doudna
A. Gene editing for diseases in Drain. B. Gene editing for diseases in eyes.
C. Gene editing for diseases in heart. D. Gene editing for diseases in embryos.
25. What tan we infer in paragraph 2
A. Genetic therapies are more difficult than mending.
B. Society Will benefit from genetic therapies entirely.
C. Genetic therapies have already reached some clinics.
D. All disorders can't be corrected by genetic therapies.
26. What did Prof Fran oise Baylis and Prof Mayana Zatz agree on
A. The cost of the new therapies would be too high. B. Editing genes for improvement is promising.
C. Editing genes for improvement is unavoidable. D. Editing genes for improvement should carry on.
27. What is the attitude of most experts towards genetic therapies in the text
A. Opposed. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned.
C
Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us. Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, "When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours."
Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach.
Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we've never been before. Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we'll arrive, we experience the trip as if lasting a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less
time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.
When days become as identical as beads (小珠子) on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day-to stop time, so to speak.
Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn't have to be.
28. What is the underlined sentence in Paragraph I used to show
A. Physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time.
B. Physical time is different from psychological time.
C. Time should not be measured by a pendulum.
D. Psychological time is quite puzzling.
29. Which of the following will make you feel time flies faster
A. A day spent exploring something unknown. B. Staying with a person who you dislike.
C. A day packed with appointments to handle. D. Driving to a new place for the first time.
30. What does "novelty" in Paragraph 3 probably means
A. Amusement. B. Excitement. C. Imagination. D. Unfamiliarity.
31. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down psychologically.
B. To describe how we experience time psychologically.
C. To show the different ideas of physicists and psychologists on time.
D. To give various explanations about time.
D
Music streaming. Platforms (平台) such as Spotify and Apple Music have completely changed how people listen to music nowadays. By paying very affordable prices, people can access music very easily. However, while these platforms may provide benefits for some artists, up-and-coming artists are being left behind because they only focus on big names and creating profits.
Because of COVID-19, musicians have not been able to tour or perform live in many countries, which contributes to a large part of their income. In a YouTube interview, up-and-coming Texas artist Mobey mentioned that "The majority of my income comes from playing live shows. Usually that means around 50% - 70% of what we expect to make in a year". With these factors, small artists are finding it increasingly difficult to make it in the industry due to the lack of investment （投资）into new talent.
Small artists on Spotify and Apple Music can expect to make little to nothing. An artist on Spotify can expect to earn an average of $0.003 per stream or around $3 per 1,000 streams for one of their songs. On Apple Music, artists can expect to make a little more with an average of $0.01 per stream, or around $10 with 1,000 streams. Even if they could hit around 1,000 streams, they have to pay music distribution (分发) platforms needed for their music to be shown on the streaming platforms such as DistroKid, whose cheapest plan is $20.
A new artist would find it very difficult to promote their music outside of their social media accounts which may not even have a large amount of followers. They probably cannot get large amounts of streams on their music since it is not being promoted due to the lack of exposure (宣传）they have on social media.
With the takeover of music streaming platforms, many artists are finding it increasingly difficult to make a sustainable (可持续的) living from their love for music. A simple way these platforms can enable new artists to keep making music is to increase their payouts per stream for their music. Hopefully the music streaming industry will make similar changes to improve the situation of their artists.
32. What is the problem with music streaming platforms
A. They ignore small artists. B. They are not user-friendly.
C. They are very difficult to manage. D. They limit the number of small artists' songs.
33. What do artist Mobey's words center on
A. His lack of investment. B. His total income in a year.
C. The main source of his income. D. The reason for his fewer live shows.
34. What do the figures in paragraph 3 show
A. How a music streaming platform works. B. Small artists' hope for music streaming platforms.
C. Small artists' dislike for music streaming platforms. D. Why small artists earn little on music streaming platforms.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. Music streaming platforms: Do they really put profits first
B. Music streaming platforms: Are they a chance or challenge to artists
C. Music streaming platforms: Have they harmed the industry for artists
D Music streaming platforms: Could they offer music lovers better services
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
Have you ever had someone tell you "If you eat before bed, you are more likely to get fat!" ___36___ This belief originated when researchers found the relation between individuals snacking late at night and having a BMI that categorizes them as obese (肥胖的).
Is eating late at night, especially after 8 pm, really going to make you gain weight Ono theory is that your metabolism (新陈代谢) slows down when you are asleep. ___37___ Thus the calories you eat right before bed would not be burned off as much as they would be while you're awake. Although the science seems pretty sound, recent studies have shown that metabolism changes very little, if at all, while you are asleep. ___38___ The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active. All of these actions take energy, meaning while we are asleep, we are still burning calories.
___39___ As we know, one physiological effect of insulin (胰岛素) is storing fat. Food being consumed late at night will more likely be stored away due to the higher levels of insulin present in the blood system. However, insulin levels at night are shown to be no different than insulin levels during mid-day. If it is true that eating with high insulin levels
causes you to gain weight, anyone eating anytime after the morning will become fat.
So how come individuals have higher BMIs when they snack at night It is simply a result of eating too many calories. Snacks that individuals tend to eat during the night are usually high in sugar and calories, such as ice cream, candy, potato chips and soft drinks. Put simply, if you eat more calories than you burn, regardless of the time of the day, you will gain weight. ___40___
A. With a slow metabolism, few calories are being burned.
B. While asleep, your body still functions in many ways.
C. All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.
D. The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.
E Without ever questioning it, people quickly assume this to be true.
F. Besides, insulin levels are dramatically lower in the morning than at night.
G Another theory is that late-night snacking leads to rising insulin levels.
第三部分 语言运用
第一节 完形填空
The stage lights dimmed (变昏暗), and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly ___41___. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep ___42___ as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my ___43___, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.
After a decade of learning, I was finally ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important ___44___ in a dancer's life as it pays respect to all the factors in one's life that ___45___ the dance form: one's culture and family.
The performance is undertaken only by the most ___46___ and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much ___47___. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day ___48___ these dances. Many times, I ___49___ myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There
was always so much more to do and so much more to ___50___.
I discovered a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too stubborn to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself wrong after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental stress, I forced myself to meet my ___51___. Even when I was at the end of my limit, there was always something ___52___ me on, forcing me not to give up.
Fortunately, I made it. What I had done ___53___ the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer ___54___ is. Those time was evidence that I could achieve something I ___55___ out to do.
41. A. pulled back B. set off C. reached out D. broke away
42. A. sleep B. thought C. breath D. sorrow
43. A. career B. understanding C. response D. performance
44. A. routine B. lesson C. accident D. event
45. A. develop B. purchase C. introduce D. promote
46. A. focused B. beautiful C. intelligent D. considerate
47. A. talent B. strength C. devotion D. cooperation
48. A. recording B. practicing C. discussing D. designing
49. A. applied B. addicted C. treated D. pushed
50. A. forget B. design C. learn D. research
51. A. explanation B. expectation C. expense D. impression
52. A. driving B. competing C. benefiting D. representing
53. A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed
54. A. completely B. mainly C. truly D. distantly
55. A. put B. carry C. turn D. set
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The city of Zibo has never seen so many visitors.
As the sun begins to set, the aroma of sizzling meat falls the air and draws in more ___56___ (hunger) customers. On each street, queues stretch outside restaurants for more than a hundred meters. Some restaurants even run out of key ingredients as early as 7 p.m. ___57___ the night. All hotels are also operating at full capacity.
The city was barely known by outsiders ___58___ it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. Most visitors are young people, who share their experience of traveling to Zibo to experience the city’s barbecue culture on social platforms, ___59___ (attract) even more visitors.
Zibo- style barbecue' s classic three-piece set contains roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread, which, ___60___ (combine), make a mouth-watering combo (组合). The fame of Zibo barbecue used to be limited to just Shandong Province. ___61___ (previous), barbecue in Northeast China was much more popular across the country.
Behind Zibo's sudden fame ___62___ (be) the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses, ___63___ receive favorable reviews from visitors who share their experiences online.
To promote Zibo-style barbecue, Zibo has launched two dozen “special barbecue trains”, where local tourism officials would serve tourists ___64___ (they). At the city's train station, shuttle buses transport tourists to various barbecue stalls directly. Netizens joke that the high-speed trains ___65___ (pack) with visiting tourists and that the air onboard is filled with cumin.
第三节 词汇检测（共 20 小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分）
I. 词汇考查范围：B4U1
66. Body language, especially gestures, v__________ among cultures.
67. I began reading eagerly and g__________, impatient to satisfy my hunger for books.
68. As a new spokesman, he often thinks of how he can respond more a__________ on such occasions.
69. The completion of this project will s_________ the economy of this region if not the whole of China.
70. New ideas need to be g__________ for the bright future of our company.
71. Bear always in mind the __________ (bitter) of the old society.
72. There are so many __________ (adore) animals out there, but they all need a home.
73. My father is fairly responsible, repeatedly placing great __________ (强调，重视）(pl/复数形式) on teamwork, mutual trust and respect, and the importance of family life and ties.
74. The earthquake caused damage to property __________ (估计）at $6 million.
75. It may take a long time for some people to __________ (消化，吸收，理解) new idea.
II. 词汇考查范围：高一暑假词汇练习与测试卷一、二
76. What's considered typical or proper social conduct in one country may be regarded as o__________ or improper in another.
77. As far as I know, he __________ (survive) on a small bottle of water in the desert before he was found.
78. The greedy merchants sought to make maximum profits by killing antelopes (羚羊) and selling their fur in the 1990s, and as a c__________, the number of antelopes declined sharply.
79. Wandering along the beach, she could smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand b__________ her feet.
80. Earthquakes are among the most __________ (destroy) natural disasters that can strike without warning.
81. Originally, they __________ (intend) to drive to the countryside for a holiday, but this was postponed because of traffic jams along the way.
82. In the professor's introduction, he made it clear that our c__________ would be hard-earned and we should apply ourselves to the lesson.
83. The school drew up some __________ (指导方针) on how to use social media websites properly for students.
84. Don't respond to any e-mails __________ (request) personal information, no matter how official they look.
85. A recent survey __________ (indicate) that there is no direct link between the amount of money and the quality of life.
参考答案
阅读理解
DCA DDCB BCDA ACDC
EABGD
完形填空
ACDDA ACBDC BABCD
语法填空
hungry; in; until; attracting; combined; previously; are; which; themselves; are packed
词汇
varies; greedily; appropriately; stimulate; generated; bitterness; adorable; emphases; estimated; digest
odd; had survived; consequence; beneath; destructive; had intended; credits; guidelines; requesting; has indicated