牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Food matters A卷 基础夯实单元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 1 Food matters A卷 基础夯实—2023-2024学年高二英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Choose Your One-Day Tours!
Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge: including the entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge— 37 until 26 March and 39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costute Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.
Tour B—Oxford & Stratford: including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house— 32 until 12 March and 36 thereafter.
Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university and colleges. Look over the "city of dreaming spires(尖顶)" from St Mary's Church Tower.
Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court: including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace— 34 until 11 March and 37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL's favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D—Cambridge: including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great— 33 until 18 March and 37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.
1.Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city
A. Tour A. B. Tour B. C. Tour C. D. Tour D.
2.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March
A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court. B. Oxford & Stratford.
C. Bath & Stonehenge. D. Cambridge.
3.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction
A. It used to be the home of royal families.
B. It used to be a well-known maze.
C. It is the oldest palace in Britain.
D. It is a world-famous castle.
B
In 1954, a British student named Roger Bannister ran a mile around a track in less than 4 minutes. It was one of the 20th-century'sremarkable athletic achievements.
Bannister had enjoyed running since he was a boy. At school, he won the school sports three straight years when he was 12-14. He kept running even when attending Oxford University to study medicine.
In 1947 he ran as the pacer(领跑者) for the Oxford team in a one-mile race against Cambridge. He kept running and won the race. His time was 4:18.7. He was soon entering other races, in the UK and in other countries. In 1949, he won a couple of races in the US, finishing in 4:11.
In 1951, in the US for the Penn Relays, Bannister won with a time 4:08.3. After a fourth-place finish in the 1,500 meters at the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki, Bannister renewed his drive to break 4 minutes in between his studies. He was still in medical school, and each year was more demanding than the last. In late 1953 and early 1954, he was too busy to find time for running. Hearing that the Australian runner John Landy had announced his intention to break 4 minutes, Bannister redoubled his efforts.
Bannister broke the 4-minute barrier in 1954, on the Iffley Road track in Oxford. Chris Brasher and Chris Chataway led the way. The weather wasn't ideal and a strong wind blew at the track, but Bannister followed his two pacers around the track for all four laps at a very high speed, and then took the lead himself with 200 yards to go. When he broke the tape, the clock read 3:59.4. Bannister was instantly famous.
Meanwhile, Bannister completed his medical training and became a doctor who studied and treated diseases of the nerves.
4.What can we learn about Bannister from the first two paragraphs
A. He was famous as a runner at school.
B. He fell in love with running as a child.
C.He was proud of his accomplishment.
D. He began to run after going to college.
5.In what event was Bannister's gift for running first shown
A.He won at the 1951 Penn Relays in 4:08.3.
B.He took part in the Olympic Games in 1952.
C.He ran as a pacer for the Oxford team in 1947.
D.He stuck to running every day in the university.
6.What difficulty did Bannister overcome to break the 4-minute barrier in 1954
A.The bad weather. B. The great expectations.
C.His pacers' high speed. D. The demanding school work.
7.Which of the following words can best describe Bannister
A. Open-minded and honest. B. Determined and strong-willed.
C. Hard-working and brave. D.Friendly and smart.
C
It happens from time to time that after a whole morning of studying, you are tired in the afternoon. It's then that you might want to eat something sweet, perhaps a chocolate bar to lift your mood. After all, it's popularly believed that a “sugar rush” gives us energy.
But a study published in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews suggests that sugar can make us feel worse rather than boost our moods.
The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1, 300 adults. They studied the effect of sugar on various aspects of the mood, including anger, depression and tiredness. They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired within an hour, and that these feelings become more intense(强烈的)over time.
According to the researchers, when people take in sugar, their blood sugar levels rise rapidly, leading to a burst of energy and a short period of feeling good. However, as they begin to digest(消化) the sugar, their blood sugar levels decrease quickly, leading to a bad feeling.
To remain on a “high”, people are likely to eat more and more sugar until they become addicted to it. As with caffeine, this prevents the body from relaxing, leaving people feeling tired.
But the study findings don't mean we must give up sweet food altogether. According to the World Health Organization, it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit, vegetables and milk, as long as these make up less than 5 percent of daily total energy intake.
So the next time you feel tired and can't concentrate, perhaps you should think twice before you bite into a chocolate bar.
8.What does the underlined word “boost” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Improve. B.Harm. C.Control. D.Ignore.
9.How do people feel after they have too much sugar according to the researchers
A.They feel relaxed. B.They feel more tired.
C.They are more focused. D.They feel energetic.
10.What do we learn from paragraphs 4 and 5
A.Our moods are connected with our blood sugar levels.
B.Taking in more sugar benefits mental health.
C.Getting caffeine is another way to refresh yourself.
D.Sugar and caffeine have quite different effects.
11.Where does this passage probably come from
A.A sports report. B.A health journal.
C.An economic report. D.A medical newspaper.
D
When I stepped into the Samcheong Park Library in Seoul, I saw the future. The simple building had a nice selection of books and a café where readers could enjoy coffee while gazing at the leaves outside. It was specifically designed without any latest technology.
"What's so innovative about that " a librarian in Toronto asked when I showed her pictures. Innovation to her meant digital technology, like 3D printers. "Why couldn't they both be innovative " I asked.
We are constantly told that innovation is the most important force in our economy, without which we would be left behind. But that fear of missing out has led us to fall into the false trappings of innovation over truly innovative ideas that may be simpler and more effective. This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated! Each year, businesses and individuals run around like broken toy robots, trying to figure out their strategy for the latest prevalent equipment.
At best, this is a waste of resources. Devices are bought, used and abandoned, as the technology's capabilities fall short of its promise. But at its worst, this approach can truly cause damage. Schools cut field trips to purchase tablets with few proven panies that applied AI into hiring have actually strengthened gender and racial prejudices.
True innovation isn't just some magic devices. It is a continuing process of reflection and reassessment, which often means adopting "old" ideas and tools in a new context, or even returning to methods that worked in the past. Adjusted properly, these rearview innovations have proved as transformative as novel technologies.
Look no farther than the streets of New York, which have been redesigned recently to accommodate cyclists with car-free zones. The idea isn't new. It was created half a century ago, with the aim of bringing cities back to their residents. And while e-reader sales have been exploding, Penguin just announced it would publish tiny printed books, an ideal solution to a market demanding both convenience and physicality.
12.Why is a librarian mentioned
A.To set an example. B. To cite an authority.
C. To make a prediction. D. To present an argument.
13.What does the underlined "prevalent" mean in Para. 3
A.Fashionable. B. Affordable. C. Practical. D.Imaginative.
14.What does the writer agree with about innovation
A. Wasted resources lead to innovation.
B. Magic devices encourage innovation.
C. Innovation should be human-centered.
D.The power of technology is undervalued.
15.What is probably the best title of the text
A. Innovation Is Not That Expensive
B. Future Lies in Returning to the Past
C. Some Best Ideas Are in the Rearview Mirror
D. Innovation: the Most Important Force in Economy
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Four Habits to Help You Succeed
Nobody would like to experience failure. We all want to succeed. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. ①__________
●Know your values.
Finding your values is in line with creating motivation. ②__________ Pick a handful of things and write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day and reflect on whether you are honouring those values through your work.
●Pick a goal and focus on it.
Choose one goal to start. Something large enough that will give you a sense of achievement, while adjusting well to your values. If you want to achieve your goal, focus is the key here. ③__________ If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never finish your projects because they will take far too long.
●Set a date for success.
Set a date for success. Know when you hope to realize your goal. ④__________ By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.
●⑤__________
Failure can't be avoided when you take risks. By its very definition, the desire to succeed means you are risking failure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Don't fall into this trap! Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and go on.
A. Make the right decision.
B. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.
C. I have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.
D. Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.
E. Don't give up because of failure.
F. Sit and reflect on what you value most
G. Push yourself to be courageous, and take that next step.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sometimes pizza isn't just a meal. For a couple in Indianapolis, it was the 1 gesture that their favorite pizza restaurant delivered two pizzas soon 2 they learned that the husband Rich's life was going to end.
Last month, the couple's planned visit to Steve's Pizza was 3 by a trip to the hospital, where Rich was diagnosed(诊断) with cancer. They returned home to spend time with 4 , when his father called Steve's Pizza 5 to give him a surprise. He described the couple's situation, hoping the restaurant might send a 6 or message. "I thought I might have 7 too much," the father said. However, 8 , Dalton, the manager, said he would 9 two pizzas to them after closing the shop, even though Steve's Pizza doesn't normally deliver 10 their busy business and it was a 11 trip over 225 miles away.
"I just felt really 12 for them," Dalton said. After closing time, he began the drive with two 16-inch pizzas. "When I arrived, family members of the couple came out and 13 me to show their thankfulness," Dalton said.
"I am deeply moved by this act of 14 . Dalton brought our family the best pizzas in the world at a really 15 time," Rich said.
1.A. brave B. strange C. nice D. rude
2.A. if B. unless C. before D. after
3.A. replaced B. covered C. followed D. improved
4.A. friends B. family C. nature D. animals
5.A. finally B. unwillingly C. jokingly D. secretly
6.A. card B. bill C. ticket D. list
7.A. changed B. worried C. promised D. asked
8.A. impatiently B. surprisingly C. interestingly D. unluckily
9.A. show B. pass C. drive D. introduce
10.A. instead of B. due to C. apart from D. rather than
11.A. long B. quick C. frequent D. single
12.A. thankful B. mad C. sad D. happy
13.A. stopped B. hugged C. warned D. encouraged
14.A. generosity B. selflessness C. kindness D. courage
15.A. difficult B. wrong C. early D. free
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like many other students, you may have various people, ①________(include) family members and friends, giving input on your college decision.
While many of your trusted relatives and peers(同龄人) may have very ②________(value) advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and ③________(satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy ④________(let) a particular school become a front-runner early on ⑤________ your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice—but be sure to carefully evaluate every school ⑥________ has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
Do keep ⑦________ open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there's no reliving a certain semester(学期), and there's no making up for lost time. Don't go to a school ⑧________(specific) for a high school relationship ⑨________ to make someone else happy. A ⑩________(student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华，你的外教Peter对中国饮食文化非常感兴趣，他想请你推荐一款中国传统美食，请给他写一封信，内容包括：
1.美食名称；
2.简要描述；
3.推荐理由。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The rain came down steady and hard. Jason Storie heard it but was not worried as he prepared for a day of caving(洞穴探察) with five friends in a remote spot 80 miles northwest of his home in Duncan, on Canada's Vancouver Island.
It was 6 a.m. on December 5, 2015. As a newcomer to the sport, Jason had gone caving only four times. This would be his toughest outing: a cave called Cascade. It was dangerous enough that the entrance was blocked by a locked metal door to keep the casual cavers out. About a mile long and 338 feet deep, Cascade was full of turns and barely possible ways out.
Jason was new among the group, with the least experience and, at 43, older by a decade or more. It was his friend Andrew Munoz, 33, who introduced him to the sport. Unlike Jason, Andrew was an expert caver—a former caving guide, actually.
They hiked a bit before coming to the door, which sat in the ground—you'd miss it if you weren't looking for it. It was 10 a. m. With their way lit by headlamps, they walked down a narrow passage studded(布满……的) with sharp rocks. The silence was broken by a drip, drip, drip(滴水声) from above. Soon the drip turned into a light but steady flow, and they were walking into water up to their ankles, and then to their shins.
Two hours later, they approached one of the places that made the cave unique: a narrow passage not big enough to stand up in that led into a short, tight downhill. This had a name: Bastard's Crawl. Four streams met here, and indeed, the water was flowing more quickly. The sound of the water had turned into a roar(呼啸声). When they finally neared the top of the Crawl, there were barely four inches of air left between the water and the ceiling—not enough for them to keep their heads up to breathe. They came to terrifying realization that they were in danger!
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
The water kept rising, and there was no hope of rescue.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Slowly but steadily, the group made their way forward.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：B
解析:细节理解题。根据原文Tour B中Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university and colleges.判断出答案为B项。
2.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据每一部分的价格介绍:Tour A 3月17日时为37英镑，Tour B为36英镑，Tour C为37英镑，Tour D为33英镑，故选D项。
3.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.判断答案为A项。
B
4.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Bannister had enjoyed running since he was a boy. At school, he won the school sports three straight years when he was 12-14.”可知,他从小就喜欢跑步。
5.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In 1947 he ran as the pacer for the Oxford team in a one-mile race against Cambridge...He was soon entering other races, in the UK and in other countries.”可推断,在1947年,他作为牛津队的领跑者参加与剑桥队的一英里赛跑时,他第一次展现了自己的跑步才能。
6.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The weather wasn't ideal and a strong wind blew at the track...and then took the lead himself with 200 yards to go.”可知,他克服了恶劣的天气,成为首位四分钟内跑完一英里的人,故选A项。
7.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。综合全文罗杰·班尼斯特取得的成绩以及第四段中的“Hearing that the Australian runner John Landy had announced his intention to break 4 minutes, Bannister redoubled his efforts.”可知,他是一个非常有决心、有毅力的人。
C
8.答案：A
解析：考查词义猜测。根据第二段"But a study published in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews suggests that sugar can make us feel worse rather than boost our moods"可知, make us feel worse和boost our moods之间是对比的关系,故可推断出boost our moods表示使我们的情绪变好,故答案选A。
9.答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired within an hour, and that these feelings become more intense(强烈的) over time"可知,人们在吃了很多甜食后会感觉更累,故选B。
10.答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。根据第四段内容可知,血糖水平上升会让人们一时感觉良好,血糖水平下降则会导致不好的感觉,故可推断,人们的情绪和血糖水平有关,故选A。
11.答案：B
解析：考查文章出处。通读全文可知,本文介绍了吃含糖量高的食物与人们疲惫感的关系,故文章最有可能来自一份健康杂志。故选B。
D
12.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“ ‘What's so innovative about that ’ a librarian in Toronto asked...I asked.”可知,作者和这位图书管理员对创新的看法不一致,因此提到图书管理员是为了提出论点,即到底什么是真正的创新。
13.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“This mindset implies that if you just buy the new thing, you have innovated!”可知,很多人认为如果买了新的东西,就意味着创新了,因此每年,企业和个人都试图为最新流行的设备制订策略,因此prevalent的意思是“流行的”。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It is a continuing process of reflection...methods that worked in the past.”可知,创新是要在新环境中不断反思,用“旧的”思想和工具,也就是要以人为本。
15.答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是倒数第二段内容可知,本文主要论述的是什么是真正的创新,即用过去的方法,根据新环境进行反思和重新评估,也就不会那么昂贵,因此A选项(创新不是那么昂贵的)用作本文标题最佳。
第二节
答案：CFBDE
解析：①空格位于首段段尾,起承上启下的作用。由下文四个小标题可知,空处要引出标题中出现的四个好习惯。选项C中的"I have made a list of four habits to ..."内容与标题相符合,且是经典的引出话题的句式。故选C。
②小标题是"Know your values.(了解你的价值观)",选项F中的"what you value most"与小标题内容一致。故选F。
③第二个小标题为"Pick a goal and focus on it. (选一个目标并集中于这个目标)",选项B中的"The more focused you are on one goal(你越集中于目标……)"与小标题内容一致。故选B。
④这个空格位于第三个小标题下。第三个小标题为"Set a date for success.(为成功设置期限)",选项D中的"Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.(设定时要切合实际,然而不能给你自己太多的时间。)"与小标题内容一致。故选D。
⑤根据前三个小标题都是简短的祈使句,可以将答案确定在A项与E项之间。再由小标题下内容"Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and go on.(利用失败。把它当作好事情,继续坚持。)"可知,本段谈论内容与失败有关。选项E中的"failure"与其呼应。故选E。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1.答案：C
解析：根据空后内容可知,当得知这对夫妇中的丈夫即将不久于人世后,他们最喜欢的比萨店的经理驱车数百英里给他们送比萨,这一举动无疑是一个善举。
2.答案：D
解析：参见上题解析。
3.答案：A
解析：联系下文可知,这对夫妇打算去吃比萨的计划被医院之行取代了。
4.答案：B
解析：根据下文中Rich的父亲的所作所为可知,这对夫妇得知病情后回到家,希望和家人一起度过最后的时光。
5.答案：D
解析：根据空后的“to give him a surprise”可知,Rich的父亲偷偷地联系了这家比萨店。
6.答案：A
解析：根据空后的“or message”可知,Rich的父亲向这家比萨店的经理讲述了这对夫妇的情况,希望这家比萨店能够给他们寄一张卡片或者发一条信息。
7.答案：D
解析：根据下文中的“However, 8 , Dalton, the manager, said he would 9 two pizzas to them after closing the shop, even though Steve's Pizza doesn't normally deliver 10 their busy business and it was a 11 trip over 225 miles away."可知,Rich的父亲觉得自己的要求可能有些过分了。
8.答案：B
解析：根据空前的However可知,令人惊讶的是,比萨店的经理竟然提出给他们送比萨。
9.答案：C
解析：根据下文中的“After closing time, he began the drive with two 16-inch pizzas.”可知,比萨店的经理提出开车给他们送比萨。
10.答案：B
解析：由于生意繁忙,这家比萨店通常不送外卖。
11.答案：A
解析：根据空后的“over 225 miles away”可知,这是一趟漫长的车程。
12.答案：C
解析：联系上文这对夫妇中的丈夫即将不久于人世可知,这位经理说他为他们感到难过。
13.答案：B
解析：根据空后的“to show their thankfulness”可知,这对夫妇的家人们感激地拥抱了比萨店的经理。
14.答案：C
解析：Rich被比萨店经理的这一善举感动了。
15.答案：A
解析：联系上文这对夫妇中的丈夫Rich即将不久于人世可知,这是一个艰难的时刻。
第二节
答案：①including②valuable③satisfied④to let⑤in/during⑥that⑦an⑧specifically⑨or⑩student's
解析：①考查介词。由语境可知,空处表示"包括……在内",应填介词including。
②考查形容词。空处修饰advice,应用形容词,由语境可知此处应填valuable,表示"宝贵的"。
③考查形容词。此处考查"make+宾语+宾补"结构,因宾语是you,应用形容词satisfied和happy并列。
④考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,此处考查句型"It+be+adj.+to do sth.",其中It是形式主语,不定式作真正的主语,故填to let。
⑤考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示"在你的决策过程中",因此要用in/during。
⑥考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,指代先行词school,并在从句中作主语,因先行词被every修饰,所以用关系代词that。
⑦考查冠词。keep an open mind"保持开放的心态",故填an。
⑧考查副词。空处表示"特意,专门地",故填specifically。
⑨考查连词。此处表示选择,意为"或者",故填or。
⑩考查名词所有格。空处修饰college experience,因此要用所有格形式student's,意为"一个学生的大学经历"。
第三节
答案：
Dear Peter,
I know you are enthusiastic about Chinese food and drinks, so I'm writing to recommend a popular Chinese drink for breakfast—soybean milk.
Just like tofu, soybean milk can also date back to the Han Dynasty. Its white color makes it look like milk, but it is actually made from beans. When heated, it gives off a refreshing smell. Additionally, it is not only delicious but also nutritious since it's rich in vegetable protein.
If you are interested, why not have a try？I'm sure you'll fall in love with it.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案：
Paragraph 1:
The water kept rising, and there was no hope of rescue. The hours passed. Jason and Andrew didn't dare to move for fear of falling. They were sleepy and then forced themselves to be awake. Every once in a while, one of them turned on his headlamp to check the water level. An hour later, the water level went down enough that they could try an escape. Tired from keeping in one position for 12 hours, they slowly moved their bodies. Jason screamed in pain, but he was determined not to let it stop him.
Paragraph 2:
Slowly but steadily, the group made their way forward. Still, each time Jason moved a leg, he cried out. Over the next 90 minutes, they made their way toward the entrance, at times in chest-high water. Now, in a passage that was high enough for them to walk upward, Jason saw something bright in the distance. "Lights! I see lights!" Jason shouted out. For the first time since entering the cave, over 20 hours earlier, Jason's emotions got the best of him and tears streamed down his cheeks.
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