牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Food matters B卷 能力提升 单元达标测试卷（含解析）

Unit 1 Food matters B卷 能力提升—2023-2024学年高二英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册单元达标测试卷
考试时间：90分钟
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Non-Credit Courses
The Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses. Students will experience college-level courses given by some of our college's leading experts and will receive written feedback(反馈) on their work at the end of the course. Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/ Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program.
All non-credit courses meet from 9:00 a. m. - 11:30 a. m. daily and may have additional requirements in the afternoons or evenings.
COURSE: Case Studies in Neuroscience
● June 11 - July 2
● Leah Roesch
Using student-centered, active-learning methods and real-world examples, this course is designed to provide a fuller understanding of how the human brain works.
COURSE: Psychology of Creativity
●June 15 - June 28
●Marshall Duke
Why are certain people so creative Is it genetic(遗传的), or a result of childhood experience Are they different from everyone else This popular psychology course highlights the different theories of creativity.
COURSE: Creative Storytelling
● June 21 - July 3
● Edith Freni
This college-level course in creative storytelling functions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling techniques that app>ear in different forms of creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.
COURSE: Sports Economics
●July 19 - August 1
●Christina DePasquale
In this course we will analyze many interesting aspects of the sports industry: sports leagues, ticket pricing, salary negotiations, discrimination, and NCAA policies to name a few.
1. Who is the text intended for
A. The general public. B. College freshmen.
C. Educational experts. D. High school students.
2. Which course can you take if you are free only in June
A. Sports Economics. B. Creative Storytelling.
C. Psychology of Creativity. D. Case Studies in Neuroscience.
3. Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing
A. Leah Roesch's. B. Edith Freni's.
C. Marshall Duke's. D. Christina DePasquale's.
B
On the night of 14th June, 1904, New York's Chinatown was in deep gloom（萧条）. For the past 20 years, the restaurants were filled with those crazy about a taste of real Chinese cooking "chop suey". But suddenly, all that seemed at risk. A few days earlier, a chef named Lem Sen had arrived, saying he had invented it a decade before while working at a restaurant in San Francisco. His recipe had been stolen by an American diner to make money. Through his lawyer, he demanded that restaurants pay him for using his recipe.
Chop suey was first mentioned by Chinese-American journalist Wong Chin Foo in a list of common dishes he thought most attractive to Western tastes. He explained, "Each Chinese cook has his own recipe. The main parts are pork, bacon, chicken, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, onion, and pepper, while uncommon ones are duck, beef, salted black beans, etc. Yet it is often considered by Westerners that this is a 'national dish of China' more than any other dish they've known."
Although a "hyperbolic" way to introduce this dish, it clearly showed that chop suey was indeed of Chinese origin. Where exactly its roots lay has been debated；but it was probably first cooked in Guangdong, where most early immigrants to America had grown up. In 1866, the journalist Allan Forman noticed it as a delicious dish despite its "mysterious nature", and nine years later, the first recipe appeared in magazines, with some non-Chinese ingredients thrown in.
It was not long before the myth making began. In 1896, Li Hongzhang visited New York, and newspapers mistakenly reported that while refusing Western dishes at a banquet （宴会）, he had enthusiastically accepted a plate of chop suey. This caused a great hit, and many who never heard of it before simply assumed that it was introduced to the US by Li Hongzhang, which accidentally promoted the dish's popularity.
4.What is the purpose of the chef's story in Paragraph 1
A.To bring out chop suey. B.To introduce a law case.
C.To describe food history. D.To show the risky business world.
5.What would Wong Chin Foo most agree with about chop suey
A.Fixed ingredients. B.Its overseas popularity
C.Non-Chinese nature. D.Mixed national identities.
6.When chop suey was introduced in a "hyperbolic" way, what are Westerners' comments on it
A.It was remarked beyond reality. B.It was explained in great detail
C.It was praised in something common. D.It was commented based on the origin.
7.What can be inferred about the myth making on chop suey
A.Li Hongzhang promoted this dish. B.Its popularity was based on facts.
C.The mass media were the root cause. D.The public voiced acceptance.
C
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）, it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly （表面上的）participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the "I'll have what she's having" effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I？
8.What is the recent study mainly about？
A.Food safety. B.Movie viewership.
C.Consumer demand D.Eating behavior.
9.What does the underlined word "beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to？
A.Big eaters. B.Overweight persons.
C.Picky eaters. D.Tall thin persons.
10.Why did the researchers hire the actor？
A.To see how she would affect the participants.
B.To test if the participants could recognize her.
C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D.To study why she could keep her weight down.
11.On what basis do we "adjust the influence" according to the last paragraph？
A.How hungry we are. B.How slim we want to be.
C.How we perceive others. D.How we feel about the food.
D
The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
12.Why was the sugar tax introduced
A.To protect children’s health. B.To improve the quality of drinks.
C.To collect money for schools. D.To encourage research in education.
13.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax
A.They turned to overseas markets.
B.They raised the prices of their products.
C.They cut down on their production.
D.They reduced their products’ sugar content.
14.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected
A.Classic Coke. B. Milk-based drinks.
C. Fruit juices. D. Most alcoholic drinks.
15.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy
A.It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.
C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ① _____. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of' you. ②_____.
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ③_____, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
④_____. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ⑤_____, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This past summer was really special for Jaequan Faulkner, a 13-year-old boy living in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He set up a hot dog 1 outside his home to make some extra money. The boy took care to make sure that all food was fresh and clean. People in the neighborhood 2 the boy's spirit, but there was only one 3 —he didn't have a permit.
When the Department of Health received a 4 , instead of shutting down Jaequan's stand, they did something 5 . They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could 6 .
Daniel Huff, director of the department, said they were 7 to help a young man with such a sense of business. The health inspectors helped to pay for his first permit. 8 , Huff took another step and helped connect Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips on 9 a small business.
"I was kind of 10 and so grateful," Jaequan said about all the 11 , "because usually I would have one person at a time helping me, but there 12 to be so many kind people at once."
The food stand now operates with a 13 and is open four hours daily from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. Jaequan handles 90 percent of the business, and he is also planning to 14 to organizations that assist teenagers in need. With such a 15 , the boy surely is going to have a bright future.
1.A. stand B. tent C. factory D. store
2.A. resisted B. suspected C. appreciated D. trusted
3.A. advantage B. problem C. policy D. request
4.A. comment B. warning C. notice D. complaint
5.A. efficient B. official C. exceptional D. conventional
6.A. survive B. expand C. respond D. profit
7.A. grateful B. curious C. hesitant D. willing
8.A. Then B. Consequently C. Again D. Initially
9.A. sponsoring B. running C. starting D. investing
10.A. disappointed B. embarrassed C. amused D. surprised
11.A. support B. trouble C. inspiration D. conflict
12.A. used B. proved C. seemed D. happened
13.A. label B. model C. license D. patent
14.A. apply B. turn C. submit D. donate
15.A. promise B. drive C. story D. change
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A small town in England is teaching the world that it is important ①_____(grow) your own food. Any open space ②_____(use) to grow fruit and vegetables. There are apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, cabbages and carrots, here and there. Everyone can pick them ③_____ free. Eight years ago, a woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden. She planted vegetables, knocked down the garden wall and put up a sign ④_____(say), "Help yourself!" Today, Pam has ⑤_____(complete) changed the town. A new town has been born, ⑥_____ is called "Incredible Edible Todmorden". Pam explained why she thought the idea was popular. "It's possible and positive. Many people know we have to change, ⑦_____ how we do that is a question." So one day, she gathered all the ⑧_____(villager) together. They decided to do something different at once. They didn't write reports. They didn't ask for permission. They just did it. Only a short time ⑨_____(late), Todmorden became a big garden of fruit and vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a motto: If you eat, you are in. But that's not all. There are ⑩_____(many) than 700 edible towns popping up around the world, from Canada to Mali. People there think about food and protect environment at the same time.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
快餐在中国非常流行,尤其受到年轻人的欢迎。请你用英文写一篇短文给某英文报投稿,谈谈你对此现象的看法。内容包括:
1.快餐受欢迎的原因;
2.快餐的危害;
3.你对快餐的看法。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I love parties. I love planning for them, making the invitations, planning the games and decorating my own cake. The only thing that I don't like is deciding on the guest list. When I was in grade school my mom would tell me the maximum number of friends that I could invite and it was always a number too small for my list.
I also liked all different kinds of people. I never quite fit into one of the many little groups at my school, so I just kind of floated around, accumulating friends from various backgrounds. There was an "in" crowd made up of the cool kids who had the power to rule the school-if a cool kid wore two different colored socks to school one day, everyone thought it was great. But if an uncool kid did the same thing, the other kids would turn away in disgust(厌恶). It made getting dressed in the morning a very scary thing.
Shannon was one of my friends who seemed to unknowingly break the rules of "uncoolness" all the time. I don't know why she was targeted, but people found it acceptable to make fun of her. Shannon was a nice girl and wore pretty clothes, but was somewhat overweight and didn't talk much. She was picked on a lot. Whenever there was an strange noise or smell in the classroom the kids would giggle(咯咯笑) and point at her. Shannon never said anything, but it made me feel sick inside. Shannon was innocent, I thought.
One year, to celebrate my birthday, my mom told me I could have a party at our house. I struggled for days deciding on which girls to invite. Once I had chosen all the names, I made the invitations and handed them out to my friends at school.
"Why did you invite her " asked one of my cool friends when it was discovered that I had invited Shannon. She pressured me to tell her not to come. There were other people I could add in her place who would be more acceptable.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1 :
Unsure what to do, I was put in a, difficult situation.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 :
Weeks later, Shannon suddenly called to thank me for inviting her to the party.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1.答案：D
解析: 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句"The Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses."和第一段最后一句"Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory or Unsatisfactory and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program."可知,这篇文章是写给大学预科生的,即高中生。本题的关键是理解Pre-College的意思,前缀pre-的意思是"在......前;先于",由此可以推出答案。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。对比四个课程的时间,授课时间全部在六月的只有课程Psychology of Creativity。
3.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的creative writing可定位到COURSE: Creative Storytelling部分,该部分提到了creative writing,由此可知,如果你对创意写作感兴趣,你应该选择Creative Storytelling,该课程的授课人是Edith Freni。故选B。
B
4.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“For the past 20 years... 'chop suey'.(在过去的20年里，餐馆里满是那些热衷于品尝真正的中国菜‘炒杂碎’的人。）”和第四句“A few days earlier...in San Francisco.(几天前，一位名叫莱姆·森的厨师到来，说他十年前在旧金山的一家餐馆工作时发明了这道菜。)”以及后文内容可推测，写厨师的故事的目的是引出“炒杂碎”这道菜。故选A。
5.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Chop suey was first...to Western tastes.”可知，美籍华人记者王清福在一份他认为最吸引西方人口味的常见菜肴清单中首次提到了炒杂碎。由此可知，王清福认为炒杂碎在海外很受欢迎，故选B。
6.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Yet it is... they've known.(然而西方人通常认为这是一道‘中国的国菜’，超过他们所知道的其他任何一道中国菜。）”可知，西方人对这道菜的评价超出了真实情况。由此推测，当用一种“hyperbolic”方式来介绍这道菜时，对它的评论超出了现实。故选A。
7.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，李鸿章访问纽约时，报纸错误地报道说，他在一个宴会上拒绝西餐，却热情地接受了一盘炒杂碎，这些话引起了轩然大波，很多之前没听说过这道菜的人都以为这道菜是李鸿章介绍到美国来的，结果意外地让这道菜大受欢迎。由此推测，大众媒体的报道是造成“炒杂碎”这道菜成为神话的根本原因，故选C。
C
8.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“根据《消费者研究杂志》上的一项最新研究，和我们一块用餐的同伴的体形和吃饭习惯都会影响我们的食物的摄入量”可知这项研究是关于我们的饮食行为的。故选D。
9.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。画线单词所在的句子表示：现有的研究成果认为你应该避免和那些较重的要大份饭菜的人一块用餐，与此相反，你真正需要避开的是那些瘦高个且饭量大的人。画线单词与前面的heavier people意思相反，故选D。
10.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。作者在第二、三、四段描述了研究人员雇用这位演员和那些参与者做的两个测试，发现这位演员的饮食摄入量都会影响参与者的饮食量。由此推断出雇用她的目的就是测试她是如何影响参与者的。故选A。
11.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句话(如果这个同伴吃得多，我也要吃得多。我们称之为“我要吃她吃的东西”效应)推断出我们要想调整这种影响，就是要调整我们如何看待别人。故选C。
D
12.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.(该税于2016年4月首次宣布,适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料,旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。)以及本段最后一句putting them at a higher risk of the disease.(使他们面临更高的疾病风险。)关键词是"reduce childhood obesity"和"a higher risk of the disease",可知,征收糖税的目的是保护儿童健康。故选C。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge(此前,制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量,以避免纳税。由于制造商努力避免这笔费用,饮料中的糖含量现在减少了4500万公斤。)注意原文中的"so they can avoid paying the tax"和"to avoid the charge"是目的。使用的应对措施就是"had their sugar levels cut"以及"45 million fewer kilos of sugar"可知,一些饮料公司通过降低产品的含糖量来应对糖税。故选D。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than1m litres per year.(然而,一些高糖品牌,如经典可口可乐,已经接受了糖税,并拒绝改变,因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的,每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。)可知,糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。选项中A.大多数酒精饮料;B.牛奶饮料;C.果汁;D.经典可口可乐。故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.(根据一位政府官员的说法,今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响,它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。帮助下一代拥有一个健康和积极的童年是非常重要的,而该行业正在发挥其作用。)原文中的"positive influence"可推知关于糖税政策的采用,这是一个成功的故事。故选B。
第二节
答案：DFCGB
解析：①空前一句讲到了"与文化有关的用餐礼仪中的一些重要规则可能会让你大为惊讶", 空后一句则讲到了"知道一些窍门儿有助于确保你用餐愉快"。因此, 空处讲到的应该是不要让人发现你在餐馆犯下令人难堪的错误, 故D项符合语境。
②结合常识可以判断, F项"Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them"中的三个"them"指的都是chopsticks, 且F项讲到的是筷子礼仪, 符合本段主题。
③结合空前的"In India and the Middle East...in France...hand"和空后的"In Chile...their spoons"可知, 空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗, 选项中符合语境的只有C项, 且C项与空后的"instead preferring to use their hands"形成对比, 故C项符合语境。
④结合小标题"Making Requests"可知, 本段主要讲到了在就餐时发出请求, G项的"a simple request"符合语境, 且是空后一句中的"this"指代的内容, 故选G项。
⑤根据空后的"the more comfortable...practices"可知, 此处是固定句型"the+比较级, the+比较级", 由此锁定选项A和B。结合语境可知, 你在特定的国家待的时间越长, 你就会对它的文化习俗感到越自在, 故B项符合语境。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1.答案：A
解析：呼应后文的“Jaequan's stand”,此处指摆热狗摊来赚钱。
2.答案：C
解析：根据前文中的“The boy took care to make sure that all food was fresh and clean.”可知,这个男孩小心地确保所有的食物都是新鲜干净的,结合后文邻居一起帮助这个孩子可知,他们很欣赏男孩的精神。
3.答案：B
解析：根据后文的“he didn't have a permit”可知男孩的问题是没有许可证。
4.答案：D
解析：前文提到男孩没有许可证,所以卫生部收到了投诉。
5.答案：C
解析：根据后文的“They helped the teenager get a permit”可知卫生部接到投诉时,他们没有关闭Jaequan的摊位,而是做了一些不同寻常的事情。
6.答案：A
解析：根据前文的“They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could”可知帮助男孩获得许可证是为了让他的生意继续下去。
7.答案：D
解析：根据后文的“to help a young man with such a sense of business”以及前文卫生部帮男孩拿到许可证可知,他们愿意帮助这样一个有商业头脑的年轻人。
8.答案：A
解析：后文“Huff took another step and helped connect Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network”是部门主管继续帮助男孩的行为,then表示“然后,之后”,符合语境。
9.答案：B
解析：根据后文的“a small business”可知指经营小生意。
10.答案：D
解析：根据后文中的“because usually I would have one person at a time helping me"可知,通常每次只有一个人来帮助,这次有这么多人,所以Jaequan感到惊讶。
11.答案：A
解析：结合前文卫生部帮助男孩拿到许可证以及Jaequan的话可知,这是Jaequan对这些支持的看法。
12.答案：B
解析：根据后文的“to be so many kind people at once”表示事实证明,同时会有那么多善良的人,应用“there proved to be”。
13.答案：C
解析：呼应前文中的“They helped the teenager get a permit”,此处指小吃摊有了许可证。
14答案：D
解析：根据后文的“to organizations that assist teenagers in need”可知,此处指Jaequan计划向协助有需要的青少年的组织进行捐赠。
15.答案：B
解析：前文提到Jaequan计划向协助有需要的青少年的组织进行捐赠,这是他经营小吃摊的动力。
第二节
答案：①to grow②is used③for④saying⑤completely⑥which⑦but⑧villagers⑨later⑩more
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意:英格兰的一个小镇正在向全世界讲授自己种植食物的重要性。该句结构为“it is +形容词+不定式”。故填to grow。
②考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:任何空地都用来种植水果和蔬菜。主语为“Any open space”,宾语为“to grow fruit and vegetables”,故设空处为谓语部分,且use与space之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,时态为一般现在时,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填is used。
③考查固定搭配。句意:每个人都可以免费采摘它们。for free为固定搭配,表示“免费”。故填for。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:她种了蔬菜,推倒了花园的围墙,挂起了一个牌子,上面写着:“请自便。”分析句子结构可知,这里的say应该是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语sign之间是主谓关系。故填saying。
⑤考查副词。句意:今天,帕姆彻底改变了这座小镇。此处要用副词修饰谓语动词has changed。故填completely。
⑥考查定语从句。句意:一个新的小镇诞生了,它被称为……。该句为非限制性定语从句,其先行词为指物的名词town,且该空在从句中充当主语。故填which。
⑦考查连词。句意:很多人都知道我们必须改变,但我们怎么做还是个问题。根据后文中的“that is a question”可知,前后为转折关系。故填but。
⑧考查名词。句意:于是有一天,她召集了所有的村民。villager为可数名词,前面有修饰语all,表示“所有的”,故这里应用名词的复数形式。故填villagers。
⑨考查副词。句意:不久之后,托德莫登变成了一个巨大的水果蔬菜园。根据“a short time”可知,此处应该用later表示“稍后,以后,后来”。故填later。
⑩考查固定搭配。句意:从加拿大到马里,世界各地出现了700多个“可食用”城镇。more than超过,多于,为固定搭配。故填more。
第三节
答案：
Nowadays, fast food is popular with people in China, especially the young.
There are some reasons for its popularity. Firstly, with the rapid pace of life, fast food is convenient and can save time. Secondly, the price of fast food is reasonable and it tastes not bad. However, it is not good for health because of little nutritive value.
In my opinion, we can have fast food when we are in a hurry. If not, we had better cook at home. We should pay attention to our health and eat a balanced diet.
答案：
Paragraph 1:
Unsure what to do, I was put in a difficult situation. I liked Shannon, yet I was afraid that I would become the target of the children’s ridicule if I insisted on inviting Shannon to my party. I knew the right thing to do, but I struggled with the fear of having to live with my decision. Finally, my consciousness took over. I decided not to say anything to Shannon and let the invitations stay as written, despite the fact that I was worried about what would happen. Luckily, the party worked out well, with all of us having fun together.
Paragraph 2:
Weeks later, Shannon suddenly called to thank me for inviting her to the party. She said my invitation brightened her days. Shannon cherished the memory of that birthday party. It was important to her that I had welcomed her into the fun, and it was a day when she felt accepted and part of a group. She talked about the games we played and the cake we ate, remembering all the details. For me, it was just a simple party. But for Shannon, it was a signal of acceptance.
2