哈师大附中2021级高三上学期开学考试试题2023.08
英语试题
(满分150分时间120分钟)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want
A. A door. B. A key. C. Milk.
2. What is the woman doing
A. Taking a picture. B. Enjoying a fountain. C. Climbing mountains.
3. What advice does the woman give the man
A. Run fast. B. Take mild exercise. C. Run slowly for long.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A ghost. B. A film. C. A story.
5. What is the man most probably
A. A policeman. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers doing
A. Preparing for a meal. B. Doing some shopping. C. Talking about a recipe.
7. What do the speakers need to buy
A. Cheese and potatoes. B. Onions and peppers. C. Mushrooms and butter.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the party for
A. John’s birthday. B. Christmas. C. John’s wedding.
9. What do we know about the man
A. He’ll go to the party with the woman.
B. He has told Anna to keep a secret.
C. He looks forward to visiting the woman.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 Who is making the telephone call
A. Lewis Brothers. B. Oliver Martin. C. Mark Hanson.
11. What has the man failed to receive
A. The pricelists. B. The brochures. C. The invitation cards.
12. When did the man place the order
A. About 15 days ago. B. About 30 days ago. C. About 40 days ago.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Grandpa and Granddaughter. C. Boss and secretary.
14. What does the man think of the typewriter
A. Slow. B. Unreliable. C. OK.
15. What once caused the loss of papers
A. There was a power cut. B. The battery ran down. C. The computer was broken.
16. How did the man finish his paper
A. He used a typewriter. B. He used a word processor. C. He used a computer.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the talk about
A. Spoken English. B. Practical English. C. Listening English.
18. How many activities does the speaker mention
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
19. Why does the speaker recommend reading books
A. It is a popular way to improve one’s English.
B. It is interesting and books have different levels.
C. It is the most beneficial to English learning.
20. What does the speaker think of watching the news in English
A. It is too boring to secondary school students.
B. It is more useful to advanced English learners.
C. It can help students learn how to use body language.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Searching for the perfect gift can be difficult, especially age-appropriate material for teenagers. Look no further! We have a list of the best teen magazines. Give the gift of reading to your teens today!
Muse For teens up to age 14, Muse teaches, challenges, and excites readers of both genders. Sponsored by the Smithsonian Institute, this magazine features award-winning authors and focuses on science, history, and the arts. Whether your teen is interested in genetics, video games, outer space, beekeeping, robots, or mythology, this magazine has it all!
Sports Illustrated Kids Perfect for sports fans aged 8 to 14, SI Kids supplies readers with interesting sports news they won’t want to miss. Articles on favorite athletes feature incredible photography and illustrations. Girls and boys alike will enjoy the advice from athletes, coaches, and experts in the field: they’ll find tips on nutrition, performance, morale, and more.
Girls’ Life Magazine Designed for 10 to 15-year-olds, Girls’ Life provides inspiration and entertainment for every reader. She’ll find tips for dealing with stress, navigating high school, achieving academic success, and beauty and fashion advice. This print magazine delivers fun — quizzes, reader submissions, and more — helping guide young women through their teen years while still allowing them to be young.
National Geographic Kids While designed for kids aged six and up, this magazine features a lot of important, fun information about the world around us. Discover great stories about wildlife, current events, pop culture, science, technology, other kids’ adventures, and more! They’ll feel like they’re exploring the places themselves, with stunning photography, lively stories, and exciting facts.
1. Which of the following can you learn from Girls’ Life
A. News about award-winning authors.
B. Information about interesting events.
C. Suggestions from coaches about nutrition.
D. Advice on improving academic performances.
2. Who is the passage mainly written for
A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Kids. D. Teenage girls.
3. Which magazine has the youngest readers
A. Girls’ Life. B. Muse.
C. Sports Illustrated Kids. D. National Geographic Kids.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。向读者推荐几种适合青少年的礼物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Girls’ Life Magazine部分 “She’ll find tips for dealing with stress, navigating high school, achieving academic success, and beauty and fashion advice. (她会找到应对压力、在高中生活中导航、取得学业成功以及美容和时尚建议的建议)”可知，Girls’ Life Magazine提供了学习方面的建议。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章开头“We have a list of the best teen magazines. Give the gift of reading to your teens today!(今天就把阅读作为礼物送给你十几岁的孩子吧!)”可知，这篇文章在向父母们推荐几种杂志，可以作为礼物送给自己的孩子，所以受众读者应该是父母。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据National Geographic Kids部分“While designed for kids aged six and up, this magazine features a lot of important, fun information about the world around us.(虽然这本杂志是为6岁以上的孩子设计的，但它有很多关于我们周围世界的重要而有趣的信息)”可知，该杂志适合六岁及以上孩子，而对比其他几个：Muse适合14岁以上孩子；Sports Illustrated Kids适合8至14岁孩子；Girls’ Life Magazine为10至15岁孩子而设计可知，National Geographic Kids有年龄最小的读者。故选D项。
B
Five-year-old Willard Wigan struggled to tell the difference between an M and a W or a 6 and a 9. Unfortunately, his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia (阅读障碍症), a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing. She didn’t try to help him. Not surprisingly, Willard didn’t like school. Usually, his mind drifted—to playing outside, to his dog Maxie, or to the ants that lived near his family’s garden shed. Willard was especially curious about those ants. He felt like them—small and insignificant. Thus, when he noticed some ants trying to build a house, he decided to help them! Willard constructed a little building. Then he sprinkled sugar inside to encourage the ants to move in. When they did, Willard built more houses.
At school, Willard still struggled, but now he knew he could do something special. Maybe he wasn’t a failure after all. If he had trouble with his reading or math, Willard would later go home and creat tiny furniture for the ant houses. He even built an ant school, with teeny swings, ladders, seesaws, and a merry-go-round. His artistic skill increased, and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.
At age nine, Willard began carving faces on toothpicks. He discovered that his ability improved when he held his breath as he worked. When he quit school at age 15 to help support his family, Willard still spent his spare time carving. His confidence grew as more people appreciated his talent. Eventually, he quit his factory job to pursue his dream of becoming one of the best artists in the world. Now, years later, Willard carves the tiniest artwork in the world! His sculptures are so small that several can fit on a period at the end of a sentence.
Because of their beauty and rarity, his sculptures have made Willard a wealthy man. But he says, “Success isn’t about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring; it’s about persevering and achieving your dreams.”
Willard Wigan microsculptor, has done just that. The man who felt small as a boy has shown the world that something small can really be BIG.
4. Which of the following best describes Willard’s teacher
A. Sympathetic. B. Unhelpful. C. Impatient. D. Careless.
5. Why did Willard become interested in building homes for ants
A. Because he had a love for little things.
B. Because he was absent-minded in class.
C. Because he wouldn’t have to struggle at school.
D. Because he thought they both seemed unimportant.
6. What can we infer from the text
A. Willard gave up his study in school to pursue his dream.
B. Willard became popular when more people appreciated his work.
C. Willard was able to carve small artwork in a short period of time.
D. Willard found a way to make better artwork when he was at school.
7. Which of the following may Willard agree with
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Success belongs to those who don’t give up.
C. Dreaming big is the first step in achieving your goals.
D. Talent is sometimes more important for success than hard work.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Willard Wigan自幼患有阅读障碍症。他爱上了创造微小的事物，比如给蚂蚁建一座“精装修”的房子。在妈妈的鼓励下，Willard努力成为一名微雕艺术家。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Unfortunately, his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia (阅读障碍症), a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing. She didn’t try to help him.(不幸的是，他的老师对阅读障碍一无所知，这是一种会使字母和数字混淆的学习障碍。她没有试图帮助他。)”可知，Willard的老师帮不上他忙，可以用unhelpful来描述，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Willard was especially curious about those ants. He felt like them—small and insignificant.(Willard对那些蚂蚁特别好奇。他觉得自己和它们一样——渺小而微不足道。)”可知，Willard对给蚂蚁建房子感兴趣是因为他觉得他和蚂蚁一样，都不重要。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“At school...His artistic skill increased, and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.(在学校……他的艺术水平提高了，对小事物的喜爱也开始在他心中滋长。)”可推断出，Willard在上学的时候发现了一种制作更好艺术品的方法。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But he says, “Success isn’t about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring; it’s about persevering and achieving your dreams.”(但他说：“成功不是物质上的东西，比如一块昂贵的手表或一枚昂贵的戒指；这是关于坚持和实现你的梦想。”)”可推断出，Willard可能会同意的说法是成功属于那些不放弃的人。故选B。
C
Do you ever talk to yourself Although it’s not always a conscious habit, most of us practice self-talk on a daily basis, as away of guiding, motivating or supporting ourselves.
Over the years, research has shown that self-talk can increase productivity, motivation and confidence, and even help manage feelings. “There is solid evidence that self-talk strategies improve learning and performance,” according to sport psychologist Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, who studies the phenomenon of self-talk.
He explains that there are generally three reasons why we practice self-talk: to instruct, to motivate or to evaluate. Instructional self-talk happens when we need to guide ourselves through a specific task, such as learning a new skill. Motivational self-talk usually is used when we want to prepare ourselves for something challenging; it can help to increase confidence. Evaluative self-talk mostly is related to past events or actions.
Hatzigeorgiadis stresses that if we want to use such self-talk to good advantage, it needs to be short, precise and, most of all, consistent. Of course, self-talk also can be ineffective and even detrimental if it’s not done right.
“It is a matter of personal preference or what works for each person; but generally, it is advised that self-talk be positively rather than negatively phrased and focus on what you should do rather than on what you should avoid,” Hatzigeorgiadis says. So, for example, it would be better to say “stay cool” instead of “don’t get upset”. Although both instructions convey the same meaning, you should use positive words rather than negative ones. In this way you can avoid ill results.
Another thing that can make a difference when practicing self-talk is the way you address yourself. According to research published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, using “you” rather than “I” when talking to yourself tends to be more effective. The researchers explain that when you think of yourself as another person, it allows you to give more objective and useful feedback.
8. What does the research say about self-talk
A. It is a daily habit for everyone. B. It can make people feel better.
C. It may help strengthen memory. D. It is always an unconscious behavior.
9. What can be concluded from Hatzigeorgiadis’ explanation
A. Self-talk occurs in different situations. B. Self-talk usually makes one brave.
C. Self-talk arises with various feelings. D. Self-talk is closely linked with a certain task.
10. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Confusing. B. Useless. C. Harmful. D. Unbearable.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Self-talk: a close relation to the past B. Self-talk: a great way to avoid ill results
C. Self-talk: a useful tool to benefit our life D. Self-talk: a matter of personal preference
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自言自语带来的好处、产生的主要原因以及自言自语时需要注意的问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Over the years, research has shown that self-talk can increase productivity, motivation and confidence, and even help manage feelings. (多年来，研究表明，自言自语可以提高工作效率、动力和信心，甚至有助于管理情绪。)”可知，自言自语可以改善心情，让人感觉更好。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“He explains that there are generally three reasons why we practice self-talk: to instruct, to motivate or to evaluate. Instructional self-talk happens when we need to guide ourselves through a specific task, such as learning a new skill. Motivational self-talk usually is used when we want to prepare ourselves for something challenging; it can help to increase confidence. Evaluative self-talk mostly is related to past events or actions. (他解释说，我们练习自言自语通常有三个原因：指导、激励或评估。指导性的自言自语发生在我们需要指导自己完成一项特定任务时，比如学习一项新技能。当我们想要为一些具有挑战性的事情做好准备时，通常会使用动机性的自言自语；它可以帮助增加自信。评价性的自言自语大多与过去的事件或行为有关。)”可知，Hatzigeorgiadis在第三段中解释了自言自语出现的三个主要原因及对应的情形，由此可推知自言自语会在不同的情形下发生。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。第四段第一句“Hatzigeorgiadis stresses that if we want to use such self-talk to good advantage, it needs to be short, precise and, most of all, consistent.(Hatzigeorgiadis强调，如果我们想要充分利用这种自言自语，它需要简短、准确，最重要的是，前后一致。)”讲述了从自言自语中获益的方式，即让自言自语具备三个特点：short(简短的) 、precise(准确的) 、consistent(连续的) 。再结合画线词所在句和第五段尾句“In this way you can avoid ill results. (这样你就可以避免坏结果。)”可知，画线词所在句表示如果自言自语的方式不对，自言自语可能无效甚至带来坏的影响。画线词detrimental与下文中的ill意思相近，所以选harmful“有害的”。 故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Over the years, research has shown that self-talk can increase productivity, motivation and confidence, and even help manage feelings. (多年来，研究表明，自言自语可以提高工作效率、动力和信心，甚至有助于管理情绪。)”及全文可知，文章介绍了自言自语带来的好处、产生的主要原因以及自言自语时需要注意的问题。文章的核心内容是如何从自言自语中受益，换言之：善加利用，自言自语是能让我们受益的好方法。所以“Self-talk: a useful tool to benefit our life(自言自语：有益于我们生活的有用工具)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
D
We’ve all been in a position where life gets busy, schedules are difficult to coordinate and connecting with friends feels harder than ever. With some friendships, we may lose touch and want to reconnect. However，the more time that passes, the more uncertain it can feel if they want to hear from us.
A recent study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology says it’s time to reach out. Researchers found numerous benefits when reaching out to friends and old acquaintances. Especially if you’re unsure of how well they’ll receive hearing from you. The study, led by Dr Peggy Liu, is called The Surprise of Reaching Out: Appreciated More Than We Think. In the study, researchers posed the question: Do people accurately understand how much other people value being reached out to by someone in their social circle To answer this question, researchers carried out 13 experiments with more than 5,900 participants. In the experiments, researchers measured how much people estimated their friends or acquaintances would appreciate them reaching out versus how much those on the receiving end did appreciate it. They also examined different forms of communication-phone calls, texts, emails, notes or even small gifts—and their impact.
Over the series of experiments, experts discovered a similar trend: those reaching out significantly underestimated how much their friends would appreciate hearing from them. Plus, the more unexpected the communication was, the more the friend on the receiving end appreciated it. “People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy connecting with others,” the researchers wrote.
In fact, what made these moments of reaching out so impactful was the effort they showed—no matter the form of communication. Dr Amie Gordon, a social psychologist at the University of Michigan, emphasises the importance of small moments and making efforts in relationships in a Psychology Today article. “In a busy life, these little moments might feel just like that—little moments that don’t really matter ... But each moment we ignore is a missed opportunity to connect and build up an emotional bank of positive moments.”
The science is clear—people appreciate the effort we put into our friendships. And we greatly underestimate it. One phenomenon that may explain why those who reached out underestimated their positive impact is because of “the liking gap”. Psychologist Terri Apter writes in Psychology Today that the liking gap is a tendency to “how we often underestimate other’s responses to us”, and the reality that other people like us more than we may think.
12. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ______.
A. state some disturbing problems
B. present the background of the following topic
C. introduce the theme of his argument
D. make comparisons between different opinions
13. What could be inferred from the experiments according to the text
A. The way of communication matters in reconnecting with friends.
B. An unexpected calling to an acquaintance will not be highly valued.
C. People tend to appreciate hearing from friends more than reaching out to them.
D. We are more well-liked and well-received than we expect in our friendships.
14. Why does the author mention Dr. Amie Gordon in paragraph 4
A. To present the discovery of the study.
B. To support the findings theoretically.
C. To explain the causes of losing friendships.
D. To make suggestions about the topic.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Estimate Friendships in a Scientific Way
B. Appreciate Being Reached Out to by friends
C. Remove the Misunderstanding between Friends
D. Don’t Hesitate to Reconnect with Your Old Friends
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，与朋友和老熟人联系有很多好处，尤其是当你不确定他们会如何接受你的消息时。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“We’ve all been in a position where life gets busy, schedules are difficult to coordinate and connecting with friends feels harder than ever. With some friendships, we may lose touch and want to reconnect. However，the more time that passes, the more uncertain it can feel if they want to hear from us.(我们都处于这样的境地：生活变得忙碌，日程很难协调，与朋友联系比以往任何时候都更难。对于一些友谊，我们可能会失去联系，想要重新联系。然而，时间过得越久，我们就越不确定他们是否想要我们的消息。)”可知，我们之所以不和老朋友联系，是因为我们不确定他们是否想要我们的消息。而第二段“A recent study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology says it’s time to reach out. Researchers found numerous benefits when reaching out to friends and old acquaintances. Especially if you’re unsure of how well they’ll receive hearing from you.(最近发表在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究表明，是时候向别人伸出友谊之手了。研究人员发现，与朋友和老熟人联系有很多好处。尤其是当你不确定他们会如何接受你的消息时。)”则告诉我们，老朋友希望我们和他们联系，多联系是有好处的。所以，第一段是介绍了本文主题的背景。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The study, led by Dr Peggy Liu, is called The Surprise of Reaching Out: Appreciated More Than We Think.(佩吉·刘博士领导的这项研究被称为“伸出手的惊喜：比我们想象的更感激”。)”以及第三段“Over the series of experiments, experts discovered a similar trend: those reaching out significantly underestimated how much their friends would appreciate hearing from them. (在一系列实验中，专家们发现了一个类似的趋势：那些主动联系朋友的人严重低估了朋友对他们的感激程度。)”可知，在友谊中，我们比我们预想的更受欢迎。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段提到Dr Amie Gordon前的“In fact, what made these moments of reaching out so impactful was the effort they showed—no matter the form of communication.(事实上，让这些接触的时刻如此有影响力的是他们所表现出的努力——无论交流的形式是什么。)”可知，作者先提出自己的观点。再根据Dr Amie Gordon所说的“Dr Amie Gordon, a social psychologist at the University of Michigan, emphasises the importance of small moments and making efforts in relationships in a Psychology Today article. “In a busy life, these little moments might feel just like that—little moments that don’t really matter ... But each moment we ignore is a missed opportunity to connect and build up an emotional bank of positive moments.”(密歇根大学的社会心理学家阿米·戈登博士在《今日心理学》的一篇文章中强调了小时刻的重要性，强调了在人际关系中努力的重要性。“在忙碌的生活中，这些小时刻可能就是那样的感觉——不重要的小时刻……但我们忽视的每一个时刻都是一次错失的机会，错失了建立积极时刻情感库的机会。”)”可知，文章提到Dr Amie Gordon是为了给自己的论点提供理论依据。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“A recent study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology says it’s time to reach out. Researchers found numerous benefits when reaching out to friends and old acquaintances. Especially if you’re unsure of how well they’ll receive hearing from you.(最近发表在《人格与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究表明，是时候向别人伸出友谊之手了。研究人员发现，与朋友和老熟人联系有很多好处。尤其是当你不确定他们会如何接受你的消息时。)”以及倒数第二段“Dr Amie Gordon, a social psychologist at the University of Michigan, emphasises the importance of small moments and making efforts in relationships in a Psychology Today article. “In a busy life, these little moments might feel just like that—little moments that don’t really matter ... But each moment we ignore is a missed opportunity to connect and build up an emotional bank of positive moments.”(密歇根大学的社会心理学家Amie Gordon博士在《今日心理学》的一篇文章中强调了小时刻的重要性，强调了在人际关系中努力的重要性。“在忙碌的生活中，这些小时刻可能就是那样的感觉——不重要的小时刻……但我们忽视的每一个时刻都是一次错失的机会，错失了建立积极时刻情感库的机会。”)”和文章最后一段“The science is clear—people appreciate the effort we put into our friendships. And we greatly underestimate it.(科学很清楚——人们会欣赏我们为友谊付出的努力。我们大大低估了它。)”可知，文章主要告诉我们当你主动联系别人时，在别人，是感激也是感动。由此可以判断，文章主要是让读者多和老朋友联系。所以“Don’t Hesitate to Reconnect with Your Old Friends(不要犹豫，重新联系你的老朋友)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. While having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible.____16____
The Empathy (同理心) Challenge in an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.____17____“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
____18____. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish.____19____.The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. ____20____
A. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
B. Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try.
C. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱)about freedom.
D. And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings.
E. A research suggested that carrying conversation can boost people’s empathy for others.
F. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you.
G. Another man tried to explore reasonable persuasion without carrying away her underlying alues.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通，自己先进行练习挑战，找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观，从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。
【16题详解】
前文“While having a rational(理性的)conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible. (在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战，但也是可能的。结合选项。A项“One way is to approach the other person with empathy. (一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑，介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。
【17题详解】
前文“At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. (在耶鲁大学，钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程，让学生学习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项，F项“In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. (在她的博客中，钱斯解释说，倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文，都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。
【18题详解】
下文“As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. (由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项，B项“Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. (在让学生们尝试之前，钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文，钱斯教授接受挑战，自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。
【19题详解】
前文“One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. (一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity(真实性)was important in political leaders. (第三位是一位律师，他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人，可推知，空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项，C项“The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom. (下一位是俄罗斯移民，对自由充满热情。)”承上启下，符合语意。故选C。
【20题详解】
前文“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. (虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样做的意义和作用。结合选项，D项“And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings. (这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选D。
第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We have a small wooden board suspended on a tree in our back garden to feed some of the parrots and squirrels that populate our neighbourhood.
They visit in the morning and evening to see if we have ____21____ any leftover rice or fruit, and loud noises can be heard if the ____22____ is empty.
The squirrels are usually the quietest of the creatures that visit, while the parrots are the bossiest. Sometimes, one of the squirrels will ____23____ in a flowerpot that hangs from the tree. He looks ____24____ standing on his hind legs, holding up a lump (块) of ____25____ as big as himself and eating it, his mouth working at great speed. The parrots, however, never let the poor squirrels eat to his heart’s ____26____, often peck (啄) at him and ____27____ him away.
One day in July last year, something quite ____28____ happened. A parrot went for the usual ____29____, but the squirrel, ____30____ backing away, ____31____ his head towards the parrot in defence. The parrot gave in ____32____, and quickly moved to the opposite end of the board before the two of them ____33____ the feast. The little squirrel ____34____ that nobody can mess with him and to this day he ____35____ to stand up to those bossy parrots.
21. A. put on B. put up C. put down D. put out
22. A. board B. tree C. garden D. house
23. A. play B. sleep C. hide D. stand
24. A. aggressive B. adorable C. admirable D. alarming
25. A. rice B. banana C. rock D. bread
26. A. content B. desire C. relief D. expectation
27. A. take B. blow C. push D. chase
28. A. common B. abnormal C. unusual D. unlucky
29. A. fight B. attack C. quarrel D. invasion
30. A. instead of B. in case of C. in spite of D. in time of
31. A. pulled B. cast C. pushed D. threw
32. A. constantly B. immediately C. finally D. reluctantly
33. A. get down to B. eat up C. looked up to D. went on with
34. A. declared B. agreed C. assumed D. proved
35. A. means B. continues C. intends D. warns
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在后花园的一棵树上悬挂了一块小木板，用来喂附近的一些鹦鹉和松鼠。但是鹦鹉每次总是欺负松鼠，不让松鼠吃的尽兴，直到有一天松鼠发起了反击，证明了没有人可以惹它，直到今天，它还在继续对抗那些专横的鹦鹉。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们早上和晚上都来，看看我们有没有把剩下的米饭和水果放出来，如果板子空了，就会听到很大的声音。A. put on穿上；B. put up提供；C. put down写下；D. put out放出。根据上文“We have a small wooden board suspended on a tree in our back garden to feed some of the parrots and squirrels that populate our neighbourhood.(我们在后花园的一棵树上悬挂了一块小木板，用来喂我们附近的一些鹦鹉和松鼠)”可知，上文they指的是这些动物，所以是看有没有把剩下的米饭和水果放出来。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们早上和晚上都来，看看我们有没有把剩下的米饭和水果放出来，如果板子空了，就会听到很大的声音。A. board木板；B. tree树木；C. garden花园；D. house房子。呼应上文中“We have a small wooden board”用来放食物的木板。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，一只松鼠会躲在挂在树上的花盆里。A. play玩耍；B. sleep睡觉；C. hide隐藏；D. stand站立。上文“The squirrels are usually the quietest of the creatures that visit(松鼠通常是来访的动物中最安静的)”可知，松鼠一般是躲着，所以安静。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它用后腿站着，举起和自己一样大的一团米饭，大口大口地吃着，样子很可爱。A. aggressive挑衅的；B. adorable可爱的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. alarming令人担忧的。根据后文“standing on his hind legs, holding up a lump of”以及作者喜爱动物可知，此处指松鼠可爱。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它用后腿站着，举起和自己一样大的一团米饭，大口大口地吃着，样子很可爱。A. rice米饭；B. banana香蕉；C. rock岩石；D. bread面包。呼应上文“leftover rice or fruit”可知，此处指米饭。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，鹦鹉从不让可怜的松鼠吃到心满意足，经常啄他，把他赶走。A. content满足；B. desire渴望；C. relief信念；D. expectation期待。根据后文“often peck at him”可知，鹦鹉总是欺负松鼠，不让可怜的松鼠吃到心满意足。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，鹦鹉从不让可怜的松鼠吃到心满意足，经常啄他，把他赶走。A. take带走；B. blow吹；C. push推；D. chase追赶。根据上文“often peck at him and”可知，鹦鹉经常驱赶松鼠。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年7月的一天，一件非常不寻常的事情发生了。A. common普遍的；B. abnormal反常的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. unlucky不幸的。结合后文可知，松鼠这次没有像往常一样，忍受鹦鹉的欺负，而是发起了反击，所以是不寻常的。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只鹦鹉像往常一样发起了攻击，但松鼠非但没有后退，反而把头向鹦鹉推过来自卫。A. fight战斗；B. attack攻击；C. quarrel争吵；D. invasion侵略。结合上文“often peck at him and”可知，此处指鹦鹉像往常一样发起了攻击。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一只鹦鹉像往常一样发起了攻击，但松鼠非但没有后退，反而把头向鹦鹉推过来自卫。A. instead of而不是；B. in case of万一；C. in spite of尽管；D. in time of在……的时候。根据后文“his head towards the parrot in defence”可知，这次松鼠非但没有后退，反而把头向鹦鹉推过来自卫。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一只鹦鹉像往常一样发起了攻击，但松鼠非但没有后退，反而把头向鹦鹉推过来自卫。A. pulled拉；B. cast投掷；C. pushed推；D. threw扔。根据后文“his head towards the parrot”可知，此处指松鼠用头推鹦鹉来自卫。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：鹦鹉马上屈服了，在他们俩继续吃大餐之前，它迅速地移动到木板的另一端。A. constantly总是；B. immediately立即；C. finally最后；D. reluctantly不情愿地。根据上文“The parrot gave in”可知，松鼠一反击，鹦鹉马上屈服了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：鹦鹉马上屈服了，在他们俩继续吃大餐之前，它迅速地移动到木板的另一端。A. get down to着手处理；B. eat up吃光；C. looked up to尊敬；D. went on with继续。根据后文“the feast”可知，此处指松鼠和鹦鹉继续吃它们的食物。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只小松鼠证明了没有人可以惹它，直到今天，它还在继续对抗那些专横的鹦鹉。A. declared宣称；B. agreed同意；C. assumed假设；D. proved证明。根据后文“that nobody can mess with him”可知，这只小松鼠通过反击，证明了没有人可以惹它，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只小松鼠证明了没有人可以惹它，直到今天，它还在继续对抗那些专横的鹦鹉。A. means意味着；B. continues继续；C. intends打算；D. warns警告。根据后文“to stand up to those bossy parrots”可知，松鼠直到今天还在继续对抗那些专横的鹦鹉。故选B。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Decorative stove artwork attracts a growing number of ___36___ (admire), who enjoy the memories it evokes, Yang Feiyue reports. The distinctive art form in Jiaxing ___37___ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011.
An old wooden stove, ___38___ (bear) rich vivid images, took center stage at a village Spring Festival gala in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, in early February. The images feature historical and legendary figures, fairy tales, animals and flowers, all of ___39___ are depicted in bright colors and have a way of claiming attention from viewers.
It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, ___40___ (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. Locals burned firewood and straw in it to cook ___41___ gas burners or microwave ovens were available. “Historical evidence shows the art has ___42___ history of at least 300 years,” says Zhao from Haiyan’s Tongyuan town.
Most of those engaged ___43___ zaotou painting were bricklayers in rural areas where they were often hired by villagers to build a mud stove in ___44___ (they) new home. Tools used to produce such art included a selection of brushes, rulers, and paint. As people’s aesthetic appreciation grew, watercolors were applied, mostly red, yellow and blue. “But no matter what material is used, the stove painting is always ___45___ (symbol) and harbors good wishes for the owners,” Zhao says.
【答案】36. admirers
37. was listed
38. bearing
39. which 40. to have
41. before 42. a
43. in 44. their
45. symbolic
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了国家级非物质文化遗产：灶头画。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：杨飞跃报道说，装饰性的炉灶艺术品吸引了越来越多的崇拜者，他们喜欢这些艺术品唤起的回忆。短语：a number of+名词复数，表示“许多……“，所以此处用名词复数。admire“羡慕”为动词，admirer“崇拜者，仰慕者”，为可数名词，故填admirers。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：2011年嘉兴独特的艺术形式被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。分析句子可知，空处在句中为谓语，结合句中“in 2011”可知，此处的时态为一般过去时；句子主语“The distinctive art form”为单数含义，和动词“list”为动宾关系，所以语态用被动语态，故填was listed。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：今年2月初，嘉兴一个村庄的春节联欢晚会上，一个带有丰富生动图像的旧木炉子占据了舞台中央。分析句子可知，本句的谓语动词为took，所以空处为非谓语。句子主语“stove”与动词“bear”为主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词bearing，故填bearing。
【39题详解】
考查定于从句。句意：这些图像以历史人物和传奇人物、童话故事、动物和花卉为主题，所有这些都被描绘成鲜艳的色彩，并以一种吸引观众注意力的方式。分析句子可知，“ all of ______ are depicted in bright colors and have a way of claiming attention from viewers.”为非限制性定语从句，空处指代整个主句，在从句中作主语，结合空前介词of，所以此处用关系代词which，故填which。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：曾经有一个以花卉人物为主题的灶头农舍很普遍，尤其是长江下游地区的农舍。分析句子可知，本句使用了it作形式主语的句式：It was common for sb./sth. to do sth.，“for farmhouses ______(have) a zaotou”为真正的主语，所以空处用不定式to have，故填to have。
【41题详解】
考查事件状语从句的连词。句意：在煤气炉或微波炉出现之前，当地人在里面烧柴火和稻草来做饭。分析句子可知，“______ gas burners or microwave ovens were available”为状语从句，根据句意可知，当地人烧柴火和稻草来做饭应该是在煤气炉或微波炉出现之前，故填before。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：来自海盐市通源镇的赵（先生）说：“历史证据表明，这门艺术至少有300年的历史。”短语：have a history of“有着……的历史”，故填a。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：从事灶头画的人大多是农村地区的泥瓦匠，他们经常受雇于村民，在新家里建造泥炉。短语：engage in“从事……”，故填in。
【44题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意同上。修饰名词用形容词，结合空后名词home，所以此处用形容词性物主代词their，故填their。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“但是不管用什么材料，炉灶画总是具有象征意义，并且对主人怀有美好的祝愿。”赵说。空处在句中作表语，所以此处用形容词symbolic，故填symbolic。
第三节单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. It is ______(legal) to sell cigarettes to children who are under age. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】illegal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：向未成年儿童出售香烟是违法的。分析句子可知，空处在句中作表语，结合句中“to sell cigarettes to children ”可知，这是违法的。形容词illegal“违法的”，符合句意。故填illegal。
47. China has contributed to the ______(stable) and balance of global economic development. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stability
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国为全球经济发展的稳定和平衡做出了贡献。设空处和名词balance共同作宾语，应用名词，根据提示词stable，应用名词stability，不可数。故填stability。
48. The recent study has shown that people’s attitudes towards protecting the environment are not ______(consist) with their behavior in daily life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】consistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：最近的研究表明，人们对保护环境的态度与他们在日常生活中的行为不一致。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语be consistent with“和……一致”，形容词consistent，作表语。故填consistent。
49. In the epidemic of 1916, a ______(physical)could do little for the thousands who fell ill. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】physician
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在1916年的瘟疫中，医生对成千上万的病人几乎无能为力。作主语，表示“医生”应用名词physician，不定冠词提示用单数。故填physician。
50. Suspecting the traveler ______ carrying drugs, the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：海关官员怀疑这名旅客携带毒品，拦住了他，并检查了他的手提箱。固定搭配suspect sb. of （doing）sth. (怀疑某人做某事)。故填of。
51. This approach is based on the ______(assume) that people will be most interested in the activities they choose for themselves. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】assumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这种方法是基于这样一种假设，即人们对自己选择的活动最感兴趣。结合句意，用单数名词assumption (假设)作宾语。故填assumption。
52. Previous studies have suggested that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of ______(depress) symptoms. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】depressive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：先前的研究表明，体育活动与较低的抑郁症状风险有关。设空处修饰名词symptoms，应用形容词depressive (抑郁的)作定语。故填depressive。
53. A third of Africa is ________ threat of desertification. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】under
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：非洲三分之一的土地受到沙漠化的威胁。根据句意可知，应为固定搭配under threat“受到威胁”。故填under。
54. The more one ______(expose)to the English-speaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is exposed
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：一个人接触英语的环境越多，他或她的英语就会学得越好。根据句意可知，应为固定搭配be exposed to“暴露于……；接触……”，且应遵循主将从现原则，应为一般现在时，且主语“one”为单数，故谓语应为单数。故填is exposed。
55. If taxpayers are to bear the cost of forgiving student loans, shouldn’t they have ______ say in how their money is used (用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：如果纳税人要承担免除学生贷款的成本，他们不应该对自己的钱如何使用有发言权吗？短语have a say表示“有发言权”，故填a。
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分：书面表达(满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假如你是李华，今天你参加了班级春游活动。请你写一篇英文日记。
内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点、参加人员；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动意义
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
An Unforgettable Spring Outing
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
An Unforgettable Spring Outing
Today, I participated in our class spring outing at the nearby park. Our entire class was present, including our teachers and some parents who accompanied us.
During the outing, we engaged in many activities such as playing games, singing, dancing, and taking pictures. We also had a lovely picnic with some delicious food and drinks. It was a fun-filled day, and everyone had a great time.
Apart from the enjoyment and relaxation, this outing was also essential as it helped us bond and create stronger relationships with our classmates and teachers. Additionally, it provided an opportunity for us to appreciate nature, which is not only helpful but also crucial to our personal development and mental wellbeing.
Overall, the outing was a success, and I’m grateful to have been part of it. I look forward to more fun-filled activities in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你是李华，今天你参加了班级春游活动。请你写一篇英文日记。内容包括：1.活动时间、地点、参加人员；2. 活动过程；3.活动意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→ engage oneself in
许多：many→ various
美味的：delicious→ flavorful
有益的：be helpful→ be beneficial
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：We also had a lovely picnic with some delicious food and drinks.
拓展句：A lovely picnic with some delicious food and drinks was also enjoyed by us.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our entire class was present, including our teachers and some parents who accompanied us.（现在分词短语作状语）
【高分句型2】Additionally, it provided an opportunity for us to appreciate nature, which is not only helpful but also crucial to our personal development and mental wellbeing.（非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I need to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do.
I thought that we would just be passing our dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner.
As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act How would they treat me Would they hate me for having more than they did While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous, I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting.
I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had totally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile. Nervous as I felt, I did my best to keep myself calm and packed bread, salad and meat to those in need. Upon noticing my hurried and trembling hands, the lady next to me smilingly told me that I should first organize these people to queue up and then hand out salad one by one. I immediately sprang into action and the passing time witnessed the smooth process of this event. Every one of them including those who looked very dangerous murmured in a cheering voice “Thank you” and bowed to me sincerely, which brought warmth straight into my heart. It was not until the night wiped out the last ray of sun that we finished our community service for the homeless.
I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way. I was aware that my time spent at the soup kitchen was really a rewarding, enriching and life-changing experience. Not only did I clear my previous prejudice against those who deserved compassion and support, but also I served the people who were less fortunate than me. In the meanwhile, I suddenly came to realize that not everyone was blessed with fortune and born to be wealthy, and therefore, we should always keep grateful for what life blessed us with. I now felt it a duty to do what I could for them. Since that day, I have spared more time in offering my service opportunity in dining halls, in the streets, in front of grocery stores.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了完成高中毕业所需的社区服务时间，需要在所在的社区做点什么，作者去了施粥所，作者发现要做的事情很多，作者看到无家可归的人靠近时心里有点害怕，但是却忙得没有时间去担心这些，想到有那么多人无家可归，他们唯一得到的食物来自施粥所，作者感到很难过。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当他们朝我走来的时候，我露出了最灿烂、最幸福的笑容”可知，第一段可描写作者是如何为无家可归的人施粥。
②由第二段首句内容“我很高兴我用这种方式赢得了我的服务时间”可知，第二段可描写作者对这次社区服务的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者施粥——无家可归的人感激——感悟——继续这样的行为
3.词汇激活
行为类
①放在：put/place/lay
②意识到：realize/be aware
③采取行动：spring into action/take action
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/thankful/appreciative
②高兴的：happy/delighted
③紧张的：nervous/tense
【点睛】[高分句型1] Upon noticing my hurried and trembling hands, the lady next to me smilingly told me that I should first organize these people to queue up and then hand out salad one by one.(由that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] It was not until the night wiped out the last ray of sun that we finished our community service for the homeless.(运用了强调句型)哈师大附中2021级高三上学期开学考试试题2023.08
英语试题
(满分150分时间120分钟)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want
A. A door. B. A key. C. Milk.
2. What is the woman doing
A. Taking a picture. B. Enjoying a fountain. C. Climbing mountains.
3. What advice does the woman give the man
A. Run fast. B. Take mild exercise. C. Run slowly for long.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A ghost. B. A film. C. A story.
5. What is the man most probably
A. A policeman. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers doing
A. Preparing for a meal. B. Doing some shopping. C. Talking about a recipe.
7. What do the speakers need to buy
A. Cheese and potatoes. B. Onions and peppers. C. Mushrooms and butter.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the party for
A. John’s birthday. B. Christmas. C. John’s wedding.
9. What do we know about the man
A. He’ll go to the party with the woman.
B. He has told Anna to keep a secret.
C. He looks forward to visiting the woman.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who is making the telephone call
A. Lewis Brothers. B. Oliver Martin. C. Mark Hanson.
11. What has the man failed to receive
A. The pricelists. B. The brochures. C. The invitation cards.
12. When did the man place the order
A. About 15 days ago. B. About 30 days ago. C. About 40 days ago.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Grandpa and Granddaughter. C. Boss and secretary.
14. What does the man think of the typewriter
A. Slow. B. Unreliable. C. OK.
15. What once caused the loss of papers
A. There was a power cut. B. The battery ran down. C. The computer was broken.
16. How did the man finish his paper
A. He used a typewriter. B. He used a word processor. C. He used a computer.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the talk about
A. Spoken English. B. Practical English. C. Listening English.
18. How many activities does the speaker mention
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
19. Why does the speaker recommend reading books
A. It is a popular way to improve one’s English.
B. It is interesting and books have different levels.
C. It is the most beneficial to English learning.
20. What does the speaker think of watching the news in English
A. It is too boring to secondary school students.
B. It is more useful to advanced English learners.
C. It can help students learn how to use body language.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Searching for the perfect gift can be difficult, especially age-appropriate material for teenagers. Look no further! We have a list of the best teen magazines. Give the gift of reading to your teens today!
Muse For teens up to age 14 Muse teaches, challenges, and excites readers of both genders. Sponsored by the Smithsonian Institute, this magazine features award-winning authors and focuses on science, history, and the arts. Whether your teen is interested in genetics, video games, outer space, beekeeping, robots, or mythology, this magazine has it all!
Sports Illustrated Kids Perfect for sports fans aged 8 to 14, SI Kids supplies readers with interesting sports news they won’t want to miss. Articles on favorite athletes feature incredible photography and illustrations. Girls and boys alike will enjoy the advice from athletes, coaches, and experts in the field: they’ll find tips on nutrition, performance, morale, and more.
Girls’ Life Magazine Designed for 10 to 15-year-olds, Girls’ Life provides inspiration and entertainment for every reader. She’ll find tips for dealing with stress, navigating high school, achieving academic success, and beauty and fashion advice. This print magazine delivers fun — quizzes, reader submissions, and more — helping guide young women through their teen years while still allowing them to be young.
National Geographic Kids While designed for kids aged six and up, this magazine features a lot of important, fun information about the world around us. Discover great stories about wildlife, current events, pop culture, science, technology, other kids’ adventures, and more! They’ll feel like they’re exploring the places themselves, with stunning photography, lively stories, and exciting facts.
1. Which of the following can you learn from Girls’ Life
A. News about award-winning authors.
B. Information about interesting events.
C. Suggestions from coaches about nutrition.
D. Advice on improving academic performances.
2. Who is the passage mainly written for
A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Kids. D. Teenage girls.
3. Which magazine has the youngest readers
A. Girls’ Life. B. Muse.
C. Sports Illustrated Kids. D. National Geographic Kids.
B
Five-year-old Willard Wigan struggled to tell the difference between an M and a W or a 6 and a 9. Unfortunately his schoolteacher knew nothing about dyslexia (阅读障碍症), a learning disability that can make letters and numbers confusing. She didn’t try to help him. Not surprisingly, Willard didn’t like school. Usually, his mind drifted—to playing outside, to his dog Maxie, or to the ants that lived near his family’s garden shed. Willard was especially curious about those ants. He felt like them—small and insignificant. Thus, when he noticed some ants trying to build a house, he decided to help them! Willard constructed a little building. Then he sprinkled sugar inside to encourage the ants to move in. When they did, Willard built more houses.
At school, Willard still struggled, but now he knew he could do something special. Maybe he wasn’t a failure after all. If he had trouble with his reading or math, Willard would later go home and creat tiny furniture for the ant houses. He even built an ant school, with teeny swings, ladders, seesaws, and a merry-go-round. His artistic skill increased, and a love for little things began to grow in his heart.
At age nine, Willard began carving faces on toothpicks. He discovered that his ability improved when he held his breath as he worked. When he quit school at age 15 to help support his family, Willard still spent his spare time carving. His confidence grew as more people appreciated his talent. Eventually, he quit his factory job to pursue his dream of becoming one of the best artists in the world. Now, years later, Willard carves the tiniest artwork in the world! His sculptures are so small that several can fit on a period at the end of a sentence.
Because of their beauty and rarity, his sculptures have made Willard a wealthy man. But he says, “Success isn’t about material things like an expensive watch or a costly ring; it’s about persevering and achieving your dreams.”
Willard Wigan, microsculptor, has done just that. The man who felt small as a boy has shown the world that something small can really be BIG.
4. Which of the following best describes Willard’s teacher
A. Sympathetic. B. Unhelpful. C. Impatient. D. Careless.
5. Why did Willard become interested in building homes for ants
A Because he had a love for little things.
B. Because he was absent-minded in class.
C. Because he wouldn’t have to struggle at school.
D. Because he thought they both seemed unimportant.
6. What can we infer from the text
A. Willard gave up his study in school to pursue his dream.
B. Willard became popular when more people appreciated his work.
C. Willard was able to carve small artwork in a short period of time.
D. Willard found a way to make better artwork when he was at school.
7. Which of the following may Willard agree with
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. Success belongs to those who don’t give up.
C. Dreaming big is the first step in achieving your goals.
D. Talent is sometimes more important for success than hard work.
C
Do you ever talk to yourself Although it’s not always a conscious habit, most of us practice self-talk on a daily basis, as away of guiding, motivating or supporting ourselves.
Over the years, research has shown that self-talk can increase productivity, motivation and confidence, and even help manage feelings. “There is solid evidence that self-talk strategies improve learning and performance,” according to sport psychologist Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, who studies the phenomenon of self-talk.
He explains that there are generally three reasons why we practice self-talk: to instruct, to motivate or to evaluate. Instructional self-talk happens when we need to guide ourselves through a specific task, such as learning a new skill. Motivational self-talk usually is used when we want to prepare ourselves for something challenging; it can help to increase confidence. Evaluative self-talk mostly is related to past events or actions.
Hatzigeorgiadis stresses that if we want to use such self-talk to good advantage, it needs to be short, precise and, most of all, consistent. Of course, self-talk also can be ineffective and even detrimental if it’s not done right.
“It is a matter of personal preference or what works for each person; but generally, it is advised that self-talk be positively rather than negatively phrased and focus on what you should do rather than on what you should avoid,” Hatzigeorgiadis says. So, for example, it would be better to say “stay cool” instead of “don’t get upset”. Although both instructions convey the same meaning, you should use positive words rather than negative ones. In this way you can avoid ill results.
Another thing that can make a difference when practicing self-talk is the way you address yourself. According to research published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, using “you” rather than “I” when talking to yourself tends to be more effective. The researchers explain that when you think of yourself as another person, it allows you to give more objective and useful feedback.
8. What does the research say about self-talk
A. It is a daily habit for everyone. B. It can make people feel better.
C. It may help strengthen memory. D. It is always an unconscious behavior.
9. What can be concluded from Hatzigeorgiadis’ explanation
A. Self-talk occurs in different situations. B. Self-talk usually makes one brave.
C. Self-talk arises with various feelings. D. Self-talk is closely linked with a certain task.
10. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Confusing. B. Useless. C. Harmful. D. Unbearable.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Self-talk: a close relation to the past B. Self-talk: a great way to avoid ill results
C. Self-talk: a useful tool to benefit our life D. Self-talk: a matter of personal preference
D
We’ve all been in a position where life gets busy, schedules are difficult to coordinate and connecting with friends feels harder than ever. With some friendships, we may lose touch and want to reconnect. However，the more time that passes, the more uncertain it can feel if they want to hear from us.
A recent study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology says it’s time to reach out. Researchers found numerous benefits when reaching out to friends and old acquaintances. Especially if you’re unsure of how well they’ll receive hearing from you. The study, led by Dr Peggy Liu, is called The Surprise of Reaching Out: Appreciated More Than We Think. In the study, researchers posed the question: Do people accurately understand how much other people value being reached out to by someone in their social circle To answer this question, researchers carried out 13 experiments with more than 5,900 participants. In the experiments, researchers measured how much people estimated their friends or acquaintances would appreciate them reaching out versus how much those on the receiving end did appreciate it. They also examined different forms of communication-phone calls, texts, emails, notes or even small gifts—and their impact.
Over the series of experiments, experts discovered a similar trend: those reaching out significantly underestimated how much their friends would appreciate hearing from them. Plus, the more unexpected the communication was, the more the friend on the receiving end appreciated it. “People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy connecting with others,” the researchers wrote.
In fact, what made these moments of reaching out so impactful was the effort they showed—no matter the form of communication. Dr Amie Gordon, a social psychologist at the University of Michigan, emphasises the importance of small moments and making efforts in relationships in a Psychology Today article. “In a busy life, these little moments might feel just like that—little moments that don’t really matter ... But each moment we ignore is a missed opportunity to connect and build up an emotional bank of positive moments.”
The science is clear—people appreciate the effort we put into our friendships. And we greatly underestimate it. One phenomenon that may explain why those who reached out underestimated their positive impact is because of “the liking gap”. Psychologist Terri Apter writes in Psychology Today that the liking gap is a tendency to “how we often underestimate other’s responses to us”, and the reality that other people like us more than we may think.
12. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ______.
A. state some disturbing problems
B. present the background of the following topic
C. introduce the theme of his argument
D. make comparisons between different opinions
13. What could be inferred from the experiments according to the text
A. The way of communication matters in reconnecting with friends.
B. An unexpected calling to an acquaintance will not be highly valued.
C. People tend to appreciate hearing from friends more than reaching out to them.
D. We are more well-liked and well-received than we expect in our friendships.
14. Why does the author mention Dr. Amie Gordon in paragraph 4
A. To present the discovery of the study.
B. To support the findings theoretically.
C. To explain the causes of losing friendships.
D. To make suggestions about the topic.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Estimate Friendships in a Scientific Way
B. Appreciate Being Reached Out to by friends
C. Remove the Misunderstanding between Friends
D. Don’t Hesitate to Reconnect with Your Old Friends
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. While having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge, it is possible.____16____
The Empathy (同理心) Challenge in an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence and Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively.____17____“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
____18____. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish.____19____.The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. ____20____
A. One way is to approach the other person with empathy.
B. Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try.
C. The next man was a Russian immigrant passionate(热爱的)about freedom.
D. And that’s the point of the exercise -to understand others as fellow human beings.
E. A research suggested that carrying conversation can boost people’s empathy for others.
F. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you.
G. Another man tried to explore reasonable persuasion without carrying away her underlying alues.
第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We have a small wooden board suspended on a tree in our back garden to feed some of the parrots and squirrels that populate our neighbourhood.
They visit in the morning and evening to see if we have ____21____ any leftover rice or fruit, and loud noises can be heard if the ____22____ is empty.
The squirrels are usually the quietest of the creatures that visit, while the parrots are the bossiest. Sometimes, one of the squirrels will ____23____ in a flowerpot that hangs from the tree. He looks ____24____ standing on his hind legs, holding up a lump (块) of ____25____ as big as himself and eating it, his mouth working at great speed. The parrots, however, never let the poor squirrels eat to his heart’s ____26____, often peck (啄) at him and ____27____ him away.
One day in July last year, something quite ____28____ happened. A parrot went for the usual ____29____, but the squirrel, ____30____ backing away, ____31____ his head towards the parrot in defence. The parrot gave in ____32____, and quickly moved to the opposite end of the board before the two of them ____33____ the feast. The little squirrel ____34____ that nobody can mess with him and to this day he ____35____ to stand up to those bossy parrots.
21. A. put on B. put up C. put down D. put out
22. A. board B. tree C. garden D. house
23. A. play B. sleep C. hide D. stand
24. A. aggressive B. adorable C. admirable D. alarming
25. A. rice B. banana C. rock D. bread
26. A. content B. desire C. relief D. expectation
27. A. take B. blow C. push D. chase
28. A. common B. abnormal C. unusual D. unlucky
29. A. fight B. attack C. quarrel D. invasion
30. A. instead of B. in case of C. in spite of D. in time of
31. A. pulled B. cast C. pushed D. threw
32. A. constantly B. immediately C. finally D. reluctantly
33. A. get down to B. eat up C. looked up to D. went on with
34. A. declared B. agreed C. assumed D. proved
35. A. means B. continues C. intends D. warns
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Decorative stove artwork attracts a growing number of ___36___ (admire), who enjoy the memories it evokes, Yang Feiyue reports. The distinctive art form in Jiaxing ___37___ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011.
An old wooden stove, ___38___ (bear) rich vivid images, took center stage at a village Spring Festival gala in Jiaxing, Zhejiang province, in early February. The images feature historical and legendary figures, fairy tales, animals and flowers, all of ___39___ are depicted in bright colors and have a way of claiming attention from viewers.
It was once common for farmhouses, especially those along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, ___40___ (have) a zaotou that was painted with floral figures. Locals burned firewood and straw in it to cook ___41___ gas burners or microwave ovens were available. “Historical evidence shows the art has ___42___ history of at least 300 years,” says Zhao from Haiyan’s Tongyuan town.
Most of those engaged ___43___ zaotou painting were bricklayers in rural areas where they were often hired by villagers to build a mud stove in ___44___ (they) new home. Tools used to produce such art included a selection of brushes, rulers, and paint. As people’s aesthetic appreciation grew, watercolors were applied, mostly red, yellow and blue. “But no matter what material is used, the stove painting is always ___45___ (symbol) and harbors good wishes for the owners,” Zhao says.
第三节单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. It is ______(legal) to sell cigarettes to children who are under age. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. China has contributed to the ______(stable) and balance of global economic development. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. The recent study has shown that people’s attitudes towards protecting the environment are not ______(consist) with their behavior in daily life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. In the epidemic of 1916, a ______(physical)could do little for the thousands who fell ill. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Suspecting the traveler ______ carrying drugs, the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.(用适当的词填空)
51. This approach is based on the ______(assume) that people will be most interested in the activities they choose for themselves. (所给词适当形式填空)
52. Previous studies have suggested that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of ______(depress) symptoms. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. A third of Africa is ________ threat of desertification. (用适当的词填空)
54. The more one ______(expose)to the English-speaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language. (所给词适当形式填空)
55. If taxpayers are to bear the cost of forgiving student loans, shouldn’t they have ______ say in how their money is used (用适当的词填空)
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分：书面表达(满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假如你是李华，今天你参加了班级春游活动。请你写一篇英文日记。
内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点、参加人员；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动意义。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
An Unforgettable Spring Outing
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第二节(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I need to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do.
I thought that we would just be passing our dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner.
As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act How would they treat me Would they hate me for having more than they did While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous, I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting.
I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had totally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile.
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I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way.
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