高二期初质量检测试卷英语
注意：本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟;所有答案填写在答题卡上，否则无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman probably talking to
A. An assistant. B. A deliveryman. C. A patient.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The medicine we ordered has arrived. We should be careful with that big blue box. And the medicine in the red box should be kept refrigerated.
M: OK, Dr. Lin. What should we do with the gray box
W: Oh, there are face masks in it. Just put the gray box in storage.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the weather like
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Snowy.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, my goodness. A gust of wind almost blew my hat off.
M: I guess wind speeds have reached force five. The weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tonight.
W: Oh, I really miss the sunny days.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When is the man leaving for Russia
A. At 6:00 p. m. B. At 1:00 p. m. C. At 8:00 a. m.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello. I’d like to book a ticket to Russia on July 6th.
W: All right, sir. We have flights leaving at 8:00 a.m.,1:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. Which flight do you want to take
M: I want to book a ticket for the morning, please.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want at first
A. An egg. B. A glass of water. C. Some coffee.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: David, would you like one more egg
M: No, thanks. I’m full. I’d like some coffee.
W: Sorry, I don’t have any coffee.
M: That’s OK. I’ll have a glass of water.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where is the supermarket
A. On Green Street. B. Beside a flower store. C. Opposite a flower store.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the supermarket
W: Certainly. Go straight for about one mile on Green Street, and then turn right at the traffic light. Walk a few more steps and you’ll see a flower store. The supermarket is on its left.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man say about the first shirt
A. It is similar to one of his old shirts.
B. Its color doesn’t suit him.
C. Its price is too high.
7. Which shirt will the man buy
A. The white one. B. The green one. C. The black one.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, sir. May I help you
M: Yes, can I see that shirt on the left shelf please
W: Sure. Here you are.
M: How much is it
W: 55 dollars.
M: 55 dollars That’s too expensive.
W: How about the one next to the yellow sweater It’s cheaper and very similar to this one. It comes in three colors: white, black and green.
M: Well, white one gets dirty easily and black would make me look dull.
W: Then I’ll pack the green one for you
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the woman probably do at Christmas
A. Stay at home alone.
B. Go shopping with her son.
C. Have dinner with the man’s family.
9. Where is the man likely to shop
A. At the mall. B. At the bookstore. C. At online shops
10. What present will the woman give the man
A. A tea box. B. Books. C. Chinese tea.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Dorothy, what are your plans for Christmas
W: Oh, it’s almost Christmas. I nearly forgot. And I’m not sure what I’ll do then.
M: Well, if you don’t have any plans, you could have dinner at my house.
W: OK. That’s very nice of you. Have you finished your shopping yet
M: Not yet. I have to buy some gifts for my wife and my son. I think I’ll go to the mall this Sunday.
W: It’s going to be really crowded at the mall then. You can try shopping online.
M: Good idea.
W: What are you going to buy
M: My family loves reading. So I’ll get some books.
W: What do you like I’m planning to buy something for you.
M: Really Thanks a lot. Maybe a tea box. I bought a lot of tea from China, but I got no place to store it.
W: All right then.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What example does the man give to prove his point
A. His aunt’s example. B. His father’s example. C. His own example.
12. What did the man do last month
A He took part in a competition.
B. He learned to play the violin.
C. He taught his father to play the guitar.
13. What does Susan’s example prove
A. Hard work is more important.
B. Talent is more important.
C. Talent is as important as hard work.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Ken, what do you think is more important, hard work or talent
M: They both play an important role in whatever task you do. But personally, I think hard work is more important than talent.
W: Why do you say so
M: Well, I knew nothing about music in the past. But with the help of my father, I learned to play the violin three years ago. I have been practicing four times a week. And last month I even went on stage and won second place. I am proud of myself.
W: Wow, what an amazing example! But the success of so many people around me proves that talent is more important. Susan, one of my aunts, is a quick learner. I remember once she told me that she had done nothing to prepare for a meeting, but she pulled it off, because she collected all the key information she needed in a short time.
M: Well, maybe. But for most ordinary people, all they can do is to spend more time and energy on what they are trying to accomplish.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why does the man speak Chinese well
A. Because his colleagues are Chinese.
B. Because he likes watching Chinese movies.
C Because his company does business with Chinese firms.
15. What kind of Chinese movies does the man especially like
A. War films. B. Comedies. C. Action movies.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Check movie reviews.
B. Speak Chinese more often.
C Watch the movie herself.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Thomas, your Chinese is so good.
M: Thanks. Everyone in my company can speak Chinese.
W: Why Your company does business with Chinese firms
M: No, you might not believe this. We love Chinese films. My colleagues and I watch a Chinese film every week. We check the newly released movie online. And then we look at the reviews about it. Finally we decide whether to see it or not.
W: Good. I haven’t seen any Chinese films. Can you recommend one
M: Of course. What kind of films are you interested in Comedies, action movies or war films Chinese war films are quite excellent.
W: Which movie impressed you the most
M: That must be The Battle at Lake Changjin.
W: I heard of it before. What is the main plot of the movie
M: Well, if you want to know it, see it yourself.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Which resolution did the speaker mostly stick to last year
A. Exercising every day.
B. Quitting social media.
C. Doing 20-minute housework each day.
18. How long does the speaker spend on her phone every day
A. One to two hours. B. Two to three hours. C. Three to four hours.
19. What percentage of people typically make New Year’s resolutions
A. At least 25%. B. More than 35%. C. Around 45%.
20. Why do people make resolutions on January 1st
A. To follow the cultural tradition.
B. To decrease the obstacles of old habits.
C. To increase the chances of achieving their goals.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Are New Year’s resolutions powerful or pointless Almost every year of my life, I’ve started the New Year with a set of resolutions that I’ve been determined to keep. The results, predictably, have been variable. Last year, I mostly kept to my fitness goal of doing 20-minute sports each day, but I failed miserably at my aim of quitting social media. According to my weekly screen-time reports, I still spend between two and three hours each day on my phone. I am far from alone in my determination to start each new year with a plan for self-improvement. At least a quarter of people typically make New Year’s resolutions, and a large portion of those good wishes end in disappointment. Rationally speaking, January 1st should be no better than any other day to make a life change. So why put the needless pressure on ourselves to “upgrade” our lives at the opening of a new calendar Recent psychological research, however, suggests that there are many good reasons to begin a new habit on the first day of a new year. That’s because we can all increase our chances of sticking to our new goals for the new year.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Books You Won’t Put Down
The Unequal Twins by Sylva Kanderal
What if ... the twins Ava and Zoe, who could hardly be distinguished from each other visually and who could not have been more different in character, had to go through extreme envy Where does that trail lead to To a total loss of their connection, or their finding the lost path to each other again
www. Hardback $28. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 |E-book $3. 99
Quotes from the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber
Inspired by time, space, and human interaction, this collection offers a series of original ideas and quotations designed to uplift and enlighten its readers.
www. Hardback $43. 99 | Paperback $22. 99 | E-book $3. 99
Johnny: Catching Fire by Aaron Allen
Johnny was given the strength of Samson(大力士). Now, he must decide whether to use his power for good or to get even with those who bullied him at school.
www. Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-book $3. 99
Ting Ting, the Girl Who Saved China by Ryan O’Connor
Ting Ting, the Girl Who Saved China provides insights into China’s biggest holiday, gives a sense of its culture, and shows that girls are just strong and brave enough to be heroines.
www. Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-book $3. 95
How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be by Pam Grewall
This self-improvement book offers a simple guide to help its readers recognize their strengths and weaknesses and to understand how to make their own fate.
www. Hardback $23. 99 | Paperback $13. 99 | E-book $3. 99
21. If you are interested in some quotations to inspire yourself, you would prefer the book of ______.
A. Dante P. Galiber. B. Pam Grewall.
C. Sylva Kanderal. D. Aaron Allen.
22. Which book may be most suitable for those who want to redirect their lives
A. Quotes from the Ouiver. B. The Unequal Twins.
C. Johnny: Catching Fire. D. How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be.
23. What do these five books have in common
A. They all come out from the same press. B. They are all sold at the same price as the e-book.
C. They are all available at the same website. D. They are all set in the real world.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了五部你不想放下的有趣的书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Quotes from the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber部分的“Inspired by time, space, and human interaction, this collection offers a series of original ideas and quotations designed to uplift and enlighten its readers.( 受时间、空间和人类互动的启发，这本书提供了一系列原创的想法和语录，旨在提升和启发读者)”可知，如果你想要一些语录来激励自己，你会更喜欢Dante P. Galiber的Quotes from the Quiver故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be by Pam Grewall 部分的“This self-improvement book offers a simple guide to help its readers recognize their strengths and weaknesses and to understand how to make their own fate.( 这本自我提升的书提供了一个简单的指南，帮助读者认识到自己的长处和短处，并了解如何创造自己的命运)”可知，How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be. 是一本自我提升的书，帮助读者认识到自己的长处和短处，最适合那些想改变生活方向的人。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Unequal Twins by Sylva Kanderal的“www. Hardback $28. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 |E-book $3. 99”； Quotes from the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber的“www. Hardback $43. 99 | Paperback $22. 99 | E-book $3. 99”，Johnny: Catching Fire by Aaron Allen的“www. Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-book $3. 99”；Ting Ting, the Girl Who Saved China by Ryan O’Connor的“www. Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-book $3. 95”；How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be by Pam Grewall的“www. Hardback $23. 99 | Paperback $13. 99 | E-book $3. 99”可知，这五本书的电子书价格是一样的。故选B。
B
Prehistoric people may have used firelight to create the illusion (错觉) of movement in their art. An analysis of 50 carved stones dug out in France suggests that when the stones were placed near a fire, the light made the carved animals seem to move, researchers report April 20 in PLOS ONE. These stones, or “plaquettes” ware found in the 1860s in a rock-shelter called Montastruc, and are carved with animals such as horses and deer. The site was used by Magdalenian people, hunter-gatherers who inhabited (居住) the area between 23, 000 and14, 000 years ago.
The researchers analyzed heat damage on the stones, which indicated them being directly exposed to high temperatures for a long period, and created 3-D models of the stones. Those models were imported to a virtual reality software where they were placed next to a virtual hearth (壁炉炉床) so that the areas of heat damage were closest to the flames, mimicking (模拟) how the stones might have been placed in real life. The researchers then observed the visual effects of the virtual reality light.
It was surprising to see how dynamic the art was and “how changed your experience of the art was by a simple thing, just putting it close to a fire,” says Andy Needham, an archaeologist at the University of York in England. The work suggests that the artists purposely carved along the outline of the rock to influence viewers to see meaningful movement through the random pattern of firelight, he says.
The finding adds to archaeologists’ understandings of the relationship between early people’s artwork and fire. Another recent study found that Stone Age humans created “hidden” art in dark caves which could be lighted and made visible only with the help of the right lighting.
24. What happened when the 50 prehistoric stones were placed near a fire
A. The animals carved on them seemed to move.
B. The fire took on the shapes of different animals.
C. The animal drawings on them became much clearer.
D. Animals nearby such as horses and deer were attracted.
25. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A. The reason for the heat damage on the stones.
B. The function of the software in the research.
C. The way in which the research was conducted.
D. The conclusion that was drawn by the researchers.
26. What does Andy Needham think of the prehistoric artists who worked on the 50 stones
A. Hardworking. B. Ambitious. C. Dependable. D. Creative.
27. Which is the best title for the text
A. Ancient People Must Have Used Fire in Various Ways.
B. Different Ways of Using Fire Have Been Discovered Now.
C. Prehistoric People May Have Used Fire to Create Movable Art.
D. Ancient Artists Were More Innovative than We Normally Though.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究发现，史前人类可能在他们的艺术中使用火光来创造运动的错觉。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“An analysis of 50 carved stones dug out in France suggests that when the stones were placed near a fire, the light made the carved animals seem to move, researchers report April 20 in PLOS ONE.(研究人员4月20日在PLOS ONE上发表报告称，对在法国挖出的50块石雕进行的分析表明，当石雕被放置在火附近时，光线使雕刻的动物似乎在移动。)”可知，当这50块史前石头被放在火旁时雕刻在上面的动物似乎在动。故选A。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The researchers analyzed heat damage on the stones, which indicated them being directly exposed to high temperatures for a long period, and created 3-D models of the stones. Those models were imported to a virtual reality software where they were placed next to a virtual hearth (壁炉炉床) so that the areas of heat damage were closest to the flames, mimicking (模拟) how the stones might have been placed in real life. The researchers then observed the visual effects of the virtual reality light.(研究人员分析了这些石头的热损伤，这表明它们长期直接暴露在高温下，并创建了石头的三维模型。这些模型被导入到一个虚拟现实软件中，在那里它们被放置在一个虚拟壁炉旁边，这样热损伤的区域就离火焰最近，模拟了现实生活中石头的放置方式。然后，研究人员观察了虚拟现实光的视觉效果。)”可知，第二段主要讲了这项研究进行的方式。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It was surprising to see how dynamic the art was and “how changed your experience of the art was by a simple thing, just putting it close to a fire,” says Andy Needham, an archaeologist at the University of York in England. The work suggests that the artists purposely carved along the outline of the rock to influence viewers to see meaningful movement through the random pattern of firelight, he says.(英国约克大学的考古学家Andy Needham说，看到这些艺术的活力是多么令人惊讶，“仅仅把它放在火旁，一件简单的事情就能改变你对艺术的体验。”他说，这项工作表明，艺术家们有意沿着岩石的轮廓雕刻，以影响观众通过随机的火光模式看到有意义的运动。)”可知，Andy Needham认为创作这50块石头的史前艺术家是有创造力的，故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Prehistoric people may have used firelight to create the illusion (错觉) of movement in their art.(史前人类可能在他们的艺术中使用火光来创造运动的错觉。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究发现，史前人类可能在他们的艺术中使用火光来创造运动的错觉，因此最好的标题是C选项“Prehistoric People May Have Used Fire to Create Movable Art.(史前人类可能使用火来创造可移动的艺术品。)”。故选C。
C
“Don’t worry; be happy” is more than just song lyrics (歌词). A growing body of evidence supports an association between optimism and healthy aging, but it is unclear how optimism impacts health. When it comes to dealing with day-to-day stressors, such as household chores or arguments with others, a new study has found that being more or less optimistic did not make a difference in how older men emotionally reacted to or recovered from these stressors. However, optimism appeared to promote emotional well-being by limiting how often older men experience stressful situations or changing the way they interpret situations as stressful.
“This study tests one possible explanation, assessing if more optimistic people handle daily stress more constructively and therefore enjoy better emotional well-being,” said corresponding author Lewina Lee. PhD, clinical psychologist at the National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at the VA Boston Healthcare System and assistant professor of psychiatry at Boston University School of Medicine.
The researchers followed 233 older men who first finished an optimism questionnaire; 14 years later, they reported daily stressors along with positive and negative moods on eight consecutive (连续不断的) evenings up to three times over an eight-year span. The researchers found more optimistic men reported not only lower negative mood but also more positive mood. They also reported having fewer stressors which was unrelated to their higher positive mood but explained their lower levels of negative mood.
While studies have sustained the idea of optimism as a resource that may promote good health and longevity, we know very little about the underlying mechanisms (机制). “Stress, on the other hand. is known to have a negative impact on our health. By looking at whether optimistic people handle day-to-day stressors differently, our findings add to knowledge about how optimism may promote good health as people age,” says Lee.
28. What may be affected by optimism according to the first paragraph
A. People’s emotional well-being. B. Older men’s ability to react.
C. The way people treat daily stress. D. The way that optimism will be researched.
29. How is the third paragraph developed
A. By making comparisons. B. By analyzing possible results.
C. By presenting different opinions. D. By showing the course and result.
30. What does the underlined word “sustained” in the last paragraph mean
A. Changed. B. Supported. C. Expected. D. Repeated.
31. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A course plan. B. A travel brochure.
C. A health magazine. D. A news report.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“However, optimism appeared to promote emotional well-being by limiting how often older men experience stressful situations or changing the way they interpret situations as stressful.(然而，乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康。)”可知，乐观会影响人们的情绪健康。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“The researchers followed 233 older men who first finished an optimism questionnaire; 14 years later, they reported daily stressors along with positive and negative moods on eight consecutive (连续不断的) evenings up to three times over an eight-year span. The researchers found more optimistic men reported not only lower negative mood but also more positive mood.(研究人员跟踪调查了233名老年男性，他们首先完成了一份乐观问卷；14年后，他们连续8个晚上报告了每天的压力源以及积极和消极情绪，在8年的时间里多达3次。研究人员发现，更乐观的男性不仅消极情绪更低，而且积极情绪也更多。)”可知，第三段开头讲的是研究的过程，后面讲了研究的结果，因此第三段是通过显示过程和结果来展开的，故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“The researchers found more optimistic men reported not only lower negative mood but also more positive mood. They also reported having fewer stressors which was unrelated to their higher positive mood but explained their lower levels of negative mood.(研究人员发现，更乐观的男性不仅消极情绪更低，而且积极情绪也更多。他们还报告说，压力源较少，这与他们较高的积极情绪无关，但解释了他们较低的消极情绪水平。)”可知，研究表明乐观可以促进积极的情绪，也就是支持了乐观是一种促进健康和长寿的资源这一个理论，划线词的意思是“支持”，和support意思相近，故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“When it comes to dealing with day-to-day stressors, such as household chores or arguments with others, a new study has found that being more or less optimistic did not make a difference in how older men emotionally reacted to or recovered from these stressors. However, optimism appeared to promote emotional well-being by limiting how often older men experience stressful situations or changing the way they interpret situations as stressful.(一项新的研究发现，当涉及到处理日常压力源时，比如家务或与他人争吵，乐观与否并不会影响老年人对这些压力源的情绪反应或从这些压力源中恢复过来。然而，乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究表明乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康，是有关健康的内容，因此可能来自于健康杂志，故选C。
D
Huge numbers of migrating (迁徙) birds visit cities all around the world on their extraordinary journeys, which often cover thousands of kilometers. Some appear to be attracted by light. Others seem to enjoy the food on offer. But cities are not always friendly to outsiders. Some migrating birds, for example, are killed by cats while others collide (碰撞) with buildings.
What draws birds to big cities in the first place It could largely be to do with light, says Barbara Frei at Environment and Climate Change Canada, a department of the Canadian government. No one knows exactly why birds are attracted to artificial light at night but there is enough evidence for this effect. One possibility, Frei says, is that birds which use starlight and other phenomena to navigate (导航) are naturally attracted by points of light.
More than 100 years ago, the Irish ornithologist (鸟类学家) Charles Patten was stationed at a lighthouse off the coast of Ireland where he observed this phenomenon first-hand. According to his reports, groups of migrating birds would fly towards the lighthouse and, unfortunately for them, crash into its windows. But back then, sources of very bright, artificial light were uncommon, whereas today electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.
It is important to ensure that cities are accommodating for wildlife, says Frei. Bird migration routes just happen to bring them close to many cities all around the world, and our bright light draws them in. Frei proposes that urban planning take this into account. The designers of every new park or housing estate could include some plants suitable for birds and other species, for instance. “We should plan it for all different things together——it’s good for people; it’s good for the planet; It’s good for the wildlife.” she asserts. “we need to think of cities as ecosystems. if we think about it, we are the masters of this ecosystem and we can decide how to manage this place.”
32. Which problem may be faced by migrating birds in the city
A. They could be shot by hunters.
B. The food on offer may be poisonous.
C. Their lives are threatened by some animals.
D. They may run into some means of transportation.
33. What is most likely to attract birds to the city
A. Artificial light. B. The lighthouse.
C. Starlight. D. Moonlight.
34. What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. Artificial light is harmful to migrating birds.
B. More and more birds pour into the city.
C. Lighthouses help birds identify their directions.
D. Man-made light sources were rich in the past.
35. What suggestion does Frei make for future urban planning
A. Ecosystems should be better protected.
B. People should fit more artificial light.
C. The number of artificial light should be increased.
D. People should improve the living conditions of wildlife.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是鸟类被城市的灯光吸引，城市规划应考虑到这一点，将城市视为生态系统。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Some migrating birds, for example, are killed by cats while others collide (碰撞) with buildings.(例如，一些候鸟被猫杀死，而另一些则与建筑物相撞。)”可知，城市里的候鸟可能面临的问题是生命受到一些动物的威胁。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“What draws birds to big cities in the first place It could largely be to do with light, says Barbara Frei at Environment and Climate Change Canada, a department of the Canadian government. No one knows exactly why birds are attracted to artificial light at night but there is enough evidence for this effect.(首先是什么吸引鸟类来到大城市？加拿大政府环境与气候变化部门的Barbara Frei说，这很大程度上与光有关。没有人确切地知道为什么鸟类在晚上会被人造光吸引，但有足够的证据证明这种影响。)”可知，最有可能吸引鸟儿到城市来的是人造光。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“According to his reports, groups of migrating birds would fly towards the lighthouse and, unfortunately for them, crash into its windows. But back then, sources of very bright, artificial light were uncommon, whereas today electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.(根据他的报告，成群的候鸟会飞向灯塔，不幸的是，它们撞到了灯塔的窗户上。但在当时，非常明亮的人造光源并不常见，而今天，在夜晚，几乎到处都能看到电灯。)”可知，从第三段我们可以推断出越来越多的鸟涌入城市。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is important to ensure that cities are accommodating for wildlife, says Frei. Bird migration routes just happen to bring them close to many cities all around the world, and our bright light draws them in. Frei proposes that urban planning take this into account. The designers of every new park or housing estate could include some plants suitable for birds and other species, for instance.(Frei说，重要的是要确保城市能够适应野生动物。鸟类的迁徙路线恰好把它们带到世界各地的许多城市附近，我们明亮的灯光吸引了它们。弗雷建议，城市规划应考虑到这一点。例如，每个新公园或住宅区的设计者都应该包括一些适合鸟类和其他物种生存的植物。)”可知，Frei对未来的城市规划的建议是人们应该改善野生动物的生存环境。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
3D-Printed Violins
While professional violinists often have instruments that cost between $2000 and $10, 000, it is possible to have one that costs millions depending on how they were and who made them. ___36___ This can make it hard for many to access the instrument, especially for beginners and music classrooms.
However, the good news for them is that they will meet with low-cost and durable (耐用的) 3D-printed violins thanks to The Acoustical Society of America’s AVIVA Young Artists Program. The team’s inspiration roots in multiple places. Their goals were to explore the new world of sounds created by using new materials, to use the new technology of other fields, and to make music education accessible through the printing of more durable instruments. ___37___ The method of distribution has yet to be decided — it could involve shipping fully printed violins, sharing the 3D-printing files with makers, or a combination of both.
___38___ The neck and fingerboard are printed in smooth ABS plastic to provide a comfortable grasp for the musicians, while the violin’s body is made of a plastic polymer substance, much like a typical acoustic (原声的) violin. The outcome is a violin that sounds darker and softer than traditionally built violins. ___39___
“The next step is to lower the costs of production for making such instruments more widely available, especially in the field of education,” said Mary-Elizabeth Brown, director of the AVIVA Young Artists Program. Violins are not the only instruments that are produced through 3D-printing technology. ___40___ Effective results have been obtained from many of them.
A. Besides, the AVIVA violin is less damaged than its traditional wooden cousins.
B. 3D-printed violins have been popular with beginners since they were invented.
C. The violin was built in two pieces using 3D printing.
D. The project is also to get violins to children that couldn’t otherwise afford them.
E. Indeed, even basic violins for students often cost $1000 or more.
F. Many instruments have been produced with a 3D printer before.
G. Most students have to give up learning the instrument due to the high cost.
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了用3D技术打印小提琴。
【36题详解】
前文“While professional violinists often have instruments that cost between $2000 and $10, 000, it is possible to have one that costs millions depending on how they were and who made them.(虽然专业小提琴手的乐器价格通常在2000美元到10000美元之间，但也有可能会有一种价格高达数百万美元的乐器，这取决于它们的品质和制造者。)”讲述了小提琴的价格有可能非常昂贵，后文“This can make it hard for many to access the instrument, especially for beginners and music classrooms.(这会让许多人很难接触到这种乐器，尤其是对于初学者和音乐教室来说。)”讲述了前面所述情况让许多人难以接触到小提琴。由此可知，空处应承上启下，讲述小提琴的昂贵，E项“事实上，即使是学生们最基本的小提琴也要花费1000美元甚至更多。”符合题意。故选E。
【37题详解】
前文“Their goals were to explore the new world of sounds created by using new materials, to use the new technology of other fields, and to make music education accessible through the printing of more durable instruments.(他们目标是探索通过使用新材料创造的声音的新世界，使用其他领域的新技术，并通过打印更耐用的乐器来普及音乐教育。)”讲述了该组织的目标，空处应承接上文，D项“该项目还旨在为那些买不起小提琴的孩子们提供小提琴。”符合题意，讲述了该组织的另一个目标。故选D。
【38题详解】
后文“The neck and fingerboard are printed in smooth ABS plastic to provide a comfortable grasp for the musicians, while the violin’s body is made of a plastic polymer substance, much like a typical acoustic (原声的) violin.(琴颈和指板采用光滑的ABS塑料印制，为音乐家提供舒适的握感，而小提琴的琴身则由塑料聚合物材料制成，很像典型的原声小提琴。)”讲述了琴颈和指板、琴身分别使用的材料，C项“这把小提琴是用3D打印技术由两部分制成的。”引出下文，选项中的“two pieces”对应下文中的“The neck and fingerboard”和“the violin’s body”。故选C。
【39题详解】
前文“The outcome is a violin that sounds darker and softer than traditionally built violins.(结果是一把比传统制造的小提琴听起来更暗、更柔和的小提琴。)”讲述了用3D技术打印出来的小提琴与常规小提琴之间的区别，此处应承接上文，讲述二者的其他差别，A项“此外，AVIVA小提琴比传统的木制小提琴更不易损坏。”符合题意。故选A。
【40题详解】
前文“Violins are not the only instruments that are produced through 3D-printing technology.(小提琴并不是唯一通过3D打印技术生产的乐器。)”提到用3D打印技术生产的乐器并不止小提琴，空处应承接上文，讲述有其他乐器被打印，F项“之前有许多乐器都是用3D打印机生产过。”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分35分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A woman who has struggled to come to terms with her alopecia (脱发) since she was a teenager is now working as a ___41___.
“I first noticed it when I was standing in the mirror trying to ___42___ my hair in a ponytail (马尾辫) and saw a small patch with no ___43___ close to my forehead,” Hansson, 26, said, “I was young at the time so I was mostly ___44___ that it was cancer since that’s ___45___ the first thing you think of when you see hair loss.”
After her diagnosis, only Hansson’s closest friends and ___46___ knew about her condition as she tried to keep it a secret and ___47___ that she became “good at hiding it”. However, as she got older, Hansson learned to accept her aesthetic (美感) and says that she is now ___48___ going out in public without wearing a wig. In fact, she has even ___49___ a career in modelling, “Now I feel like I can be ___50___ and that I don’t need to ___51___ it anymore,” she explains.
Hansson ___52___ not accepting her alopecia sooner, and she says that she is now happy doing what she loves and ___53___ other sufferers to do the same. “Don’t hide,” she said. “It will only make you feel ___54___. A big stone of suffering will ___55___ your body if you can just be yourself.”
41. A. doctor B. model C. writer D. hairdresser
42. A. tie to B. fasten on C. wrap up D. put up
43. A. hair B. dirt C. dust D. spot
44. A. surprised B. worried C. excited D. unexpected
45. A. specially B. strangely C. rarely D. normally
46. A. family B. colleagues C. relatives D. fellows
47. A. pretended B. admitted C. predicted D. supposed
48. A. confident B. shy C. nervous D. delighted
49. A. dreamed B. planned C. pursued D. considered
50. A. anyone B. somebody C. myself D. everyone
51. A. hide B. face C. cure D. expose
52. A. forgets B. regrets C. remembers D. avoids
53. A. suggests B. stops C. allows D. urges
54. A. happier B. better C. crazier D. worse
55. A. shape B. press C. leave D. change
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Hansson有脱发的问题，但是她坦然面对，做自己，并成了一名模特。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名女子从十几岁起就一直在努力接受自己的脱发问题，现在她成了一名模特。A. doctor医生；B. model模特；C. writer作家；D. hairdresser美发师。根据第9空后的“a career in modelling”可知，她成了一名模特。故选B。
42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. tie to依靠；B. fasten on紧紧握住；C. wrap up包起来；D. put up盘起来。根据下文“in a ponytail”可知，她把头发扎成马尾辫，空格处用“盘起来”。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. hair头发；B. dirt尘土；C. dust灰尘；D. spot地点。根据下文“you see hair loss”可知，她觉得自己在脱发，所以应该是看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. surprised惊讶的；B. worried担心的；C. excited激动的；D. unexpected意外的。根据下文“it was cancer”可知，以为自己得了癌症，她当然是担心。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. specially专门地；B. strangely奇怪的是；C. rarely很少；D. normally通常。根据上文“it was cancer”和下文“when you see hair loss”可知，一般来说当人看见掉发的时候通常首先会想到得了癌症，因此空格处是“通常”。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：确诊后，只有汉森最亲密的朋友和家人知道她的病情，因为她试图保守秘密，并承认她变得“善于隐藏它”。A. family家人；B. colleagues同事；C. relatives亲戚；D. fellows同伴。根据上文“only Hansson’s closest friends and”和下文“as she tried to keep it a secret”可知，她把自己这个病情保密，只是最亲密的朋友和家人知道。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：确诊后，只有汉森最亲密的朋友和家人知道她的病情，因为她试图保守秘密，并承认她变得“善于隐藏它”。A. pretended假装；B. admitted承认；C. predicted预测；D. supposed猜想。根据下文“that she became “good at hiding it””可知，空后内容是她承认的，她承认自己变得“善于隐藏它”。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，汉森学会了接受自己的美感，她说她现在可以自信地在公共场合不戴假发。A. confident自信的；B. shy害羞的；C. nervous紧张的；D. delighted高兴的。根据上文“Hansson learned to accept her aesthetic”可知，她接受了自己的美感，所以很自信地在公共场合不戴假发。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她甚至追求模特事业，“现在我觉得我可以做我自己，我不需要再隐藏它了，”她解释道。A. dreamed做梦；B. planned计划；C. pursued追求；D. considered考虑。根据下文“a career in modelling”可知，她是追求模特事业。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她甚至追求模特事业，“现在我觉得我可以做我自己，我不需要再隐藏它了，”她解释道。A. anyone任何人；B. somebody某人；C. myself我自己；D. everyone每个人。根据上文“she is now ___8___ going out in public without wearing a wig”可知，她变得很有自信，所以觉得自己可以做自己。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她甚至追求模特事业，“现在我觉得我可以做我自己，我不需要再隐藏它了，”她解释道。A. hide躲藏；B. face面对；C. cure治愈；D. expose暴露。根据上文“good at hiding it”和“Now I feel like I can be ___10__”可知，她虽然善于隐藏，但是现在她变得自信了，觉得可以做自己，所以就不必再隐藏了。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉森后悔没有早点接受自己的脱发，她说她现在很高兴做自己喜欢的事情，并敦促其他患者也这样做。A. forgets忘记；B. regrets后悔；C. remembers记得；D. avoids避免。根据下文“not accepting her alopecia sooner, and she says that she is now happy doing what she loves”可知，她现在为自己能做自己喜欢的事情感到高兴，所以后悔没有早点接受自己的脱发。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉森后悔没有早点接受自己的脱发，她说她现在很高兴做自己喜欢的事情，并敦促其他患者也这样做。A. suggests建议；B. stops停止；C. allows允许；D. urges敦促。根据下文“other sufferers to do the same. “Don’t hide,” she said.”可知，她敦促其他患者也接受自己的脱发。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只会让你感觉更糟。A. happier更高兴的；B. better更好的；C. crazier更疯狂的；D. worse更糟的。根据上文“Hansson ___12___ not accepting her alopecia sooner”和后文“A big stone of suffering”可知，她后悔自己没有早点接受脱发，所以她认为不接受脱发，躲藏起来，只会让自己感觉更糟。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能做你自己，一块痛苦的大石头就会离开你的身体。A. shape塑造；B. press压迫；C. leave离开；D. change改变。根据上文““Don’t hide,” she said. “It will only make you feel ___14__”和下文“if you can just be yourself”可知，躲藏会让自己感觉更糟，如果可以做自己，那么自己就不会再痛苦了，一块痛苦的大石头就会离开你的身体，故选C。
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has the ___56___ (large) network of high-speed railways in the world. As of 2022 it encompassed(包含) over 40, 000 kilometres (25, 000 miles) of high-speed rail or over two-thirds ___57___ the world’s total. It is also the world’s busiest with an annual ridership of over 1.44 billion in 2016 ___58___ 2.01 billion in 2018 more than 60% of total passenger rail volume. By the end of 2018, the cumulative(累计的)number of passengers ___59___ (deliver) by high-speed railway trains was reported ___60___ (be)over 9 billion. According to Railway Gazette International, select trains from Beijing South to Nanjing South on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway have the highest average operating speed at 317. 7 km/h as of July 2019.
The improved ___61___ (mobile)and interconnectivity created by these new high-speed rail lines have generated ___62___ entirely new high-speed commuter(通勤者)market around some urban ___63___ (area). For example, commutes via(通过) high-speed rail between Beijing and ___64___ (surround) cities have become ____65____ (increase)common.
【答案】56. largest
57. of 58. and
59. delivered
60. to have been
61. mobility
62. an 63. areas
64. surrounding
65. increasingly
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文, 主要介绍中国铁路的飞速发展。
【56题详解】
考查最高级。句意：中国拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网。结合句意以及“in the world”可知，此处表示“最大的”，用形容词最高级作定语，故填largest。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：截至2022年，中国高铁总里程超过4万公里(2.5万英里)，占世界高铁总里程的三分之二以上。two-thirds of…“三分之二的”，固定用法，根据句意，此处表示“世界高铁总里程的三分之二”，故填of。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：它也是世界上最繁忙的铁路，2016年的年客运量超过14.4亿人次，2018年达到20.1亿人次，占铁路客运总量的60%以上。根据句意，“over 1.44 billion in 2016”和“2.01 billion in 2018”是并列关系，故填and。
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：据报道，截至2018年底，高铁列车累计运送旅客超过90亿人次。分析句子可知，“(deliver) by high-speed railway trains”作定语，修饰passengers，passengers与deliver是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填delivered。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be reported to do sth.“被报道做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语，根据句意，“数量是90亿多”先于“被报道”，故用不定式的完成时，故填to have been。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些新的高铁线路改善了灵活性和互联性，在一些城市地区形成了一个全新的高速通勤市场。形容词improved修饰名词，and连接名词mobility和interconnectivity作主语，mobility用作不可数名词，故填mobility。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。market是可数名词，根据句意，此处泛指“一个全新的高速通勤市场”，用不定冠词修饰，entirely以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些新的高铁线路改善了灵活性和互联性，在一些城市地区形成了一个全新的高速通勤市场。分析句子可知，此处用名词作介词around作宾语，some修饰可数名词复数，故填areas。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，北京和周边城市之间的高铁通勤已经变得越来越普遍。修饰名词cities用形容词surrounding“周围的；附近的”作定语，故填surrounding。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：例如，北京和周边城市之间的高铁通勤已经变得越来越普遍。修饰形容词common用副词作状语，根据句意，increasingly“越来越多地”符合句意，故填increasingly。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
根据所给首字母或汉语意思，用单词的适当形式填空。
66. The letter was not addressed to me but I opened it out of c______.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】curiosity##uriosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这封信不是写给我的，但我出于好奇把它拆开了。由“The letter was not addressed to me but I opened it”可知，句子表示“这封信不是写给我的，但我出于好奇把它拆开了”，空格处意为“好奇”，用名词作宾语，由首字母提示c可知，是curiosity，是不可数名词，故填curiosity。
67. He found a company to ______(资助)him through college.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sponsor
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他找到一家公司资助他念完大学。根据汉语提示可知应用动词sponsor，此处为find sth./sb. to do sth.结构，故填原形。故填sponsor。
68. They need to be ______(容忍的)of different points of view. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】tolerant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们需要包容不同的观点。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词tolerant，作表语。故填tolerant。
69. He ______(抱怨)bitterly that he had been unfairly treated. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】complained
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他痛苦地抱怨自己受到了不公平的对待。根据汉语提示可知应用动词complain，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填complained。
70. A gentleman is one who never hurts anyone’s feeling ______(无意地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】unintentionally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：绅士是一个从不无意中伤害别人感情的人。空格处用副词修饰动词hurts，“无意地”的副词是unintentionally，故填unintentionally。
71. When we’re planning for a trip, we should make a ______ for the weather. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】allowance##llowance##allowances##llowances
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当我们计划旅行时，我们应该把天气因素考虑在内。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词allowance，作宾语，可用单数可用复数，构成短语make allowance(s) for表示“考虑到”。故填allowance(s)。
72. He has been Milan’s most ______(始终如一的) player this season. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】consistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是米兰本赛季表现最稳定的球员。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词player，“始终如一的”的形容词是consistent。故填consistent。
73. Contrary to popular b______, women cause fewer road accidents than men. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】belief##elief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：与普遍的看法相反，女性造成的交通事故比男性少。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词belief，作宾语，此处为特指某一个看法应用单数。故填belief。
74. Sometimes you can’t take some Chinese idioms l______ because they have deeper meanings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】literally##iterally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：有时候你不能从字面上理解一些中国成语，因为它们有更深的含义。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用副词literally，作状语修饰动词take。故填literally。
75. I have l______ myself to 1000 calories a day to try and lose weight. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：为了减肥，我限制自己每天摄入1000卡路里的热量。由“to try and lose weight”可知，句子表示“为了减肥，我限制自己每天摄入1000卡路里的热量”，空格处意为“限制”，由首字母提示l可知，是limit，由have可知，时态是现在完成时，因此空格处是过去分词，故填limited。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
76. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办以“The Power of Running”为题的演讲活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．跑步的益处；
2．自己的跑步体验；
3．呼吁大家投入体育运动。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hello, everyone!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
【答案】One possible version:
Hello, everyone! I’m glad to be here and deliver a speech titled “The Power of Running”.
It goes without saying that running is beneficial to our health mentally and physically. Not only does it strengthen our body but also frees us from the stress of the study. As students, we can make ourselves more active and smarter by running. Take myself for example, I jog on the playground for half an hour every day. Each time I finish it, I feel refreshed. I sincerely hope all of you can join me and enjoy the benefits that sports bring us.
Thanks for listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办以“The Power of Running”为题的演讲活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
演讲：speech→lecture
压力：stress→pressure
有益的：beneficial→rewarding
高兴的：glad→delighted
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As students, we can make ourselves more active and smarter by running.
拓展句：As students, the more regularly we run, the more active and smarter we can make ourselves.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only does it strengthen our body but also frees us from the stress of the study. (运用了部分倒装)
[高分句型2] Each time I finish it, I feel refreshed. (运用了each time引导时间状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分20分)
77. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Go back, Mom! Go back!” shouted my six-year-old daughter, June. I quickly turned around to cast my doubtful eyes on the backseat. worried. I had forgotten her younger sister, Scarlett. I was relieved to see the girls safe and sit in their car seats. but June’s expression was one of pure anxiety.
As I looked back from the driver’s seat, I found a young man in rags playing his guitar. His skinny, poor-looking dog rested next to his feet near an old, worn cardboard sign that read, “Homeless, please help.” We’d come across homeless people before and had talked about their needs and struggles. I should seize the chance to set a good example for my daughters to give a helping hand. So I searched for some cash, only to find I had nothing but credit cards. So I told June I didn’t have any cash. To my surprise, June opened her little pink purse and offered to give him a five-dollar bill, I responded with a sigh of relief, “Oh good. I’ll pay you back when we get home.” “No, Mom. I don’t want you to pay me back. I want to help him and give him my money.” she replied.
As we drove down the crowded rows of the parking lot, I told her that we would get to him. When we got there, I called out. “Excuse me. sir!” He cautiously walked toward our car and answered, “Yes ma’am ” June stretched out her entire body to hand him her five-dollar bill through the window and explained, “I want you to have this.” He smiled and hesitatingly asked, “This was your money ” “Yes! I want you to have it,” she proudly answered. “Thank you,” he said, touched by her thoughtfulness.
We exchanged a smile, and as we drove away, my younger daughter Scarlett began to cry. I noticed that she had emptied her purse with two quarters in her tiny hands and insisted on giving all her money to the young man.
注意
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I had no choice but to turn around.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The gentleman tightly held the coins in his dirt-stained hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I had no choice but to turn around. Seeing our car again, and feeling very confused, the gentleman returned to us. I told him that my other daughter also wanted to give him her money. He peered into the window to see my pig-tailed four-year-old grinning from ear to ear. “I want to help you!” she said proudly. Now with tears in his eyes, he said in disbelief, “You You want to help me ” “Yes! Yes!” she replied in a childish voice, nodding happily. Then June proudly handed him her little sister’s two quarters.
The gentleman tightly held the coins in his dirt-stained hand. He held his hands to his chest and expressed his sincere gratitude. We all smiled at each other one last time, with tears running down his face and mine. I watched June put her hand on her heart, close her eyes, and tell her little sister, “It feels so good to help someone, doesn’t it, Sister baby ” Scarlett agreed. With big smiles, they sank back into their seats.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和女儿看见一个衣衫褴褛的年轻人在街边弹吉他，作者想帮助他，但是作者没有现金，作者的女儿June把自己的5美元拿了出来，想帮助那个人，在把钱给了那个年轻人后，作者的小女儿Scarlett也想帮助那个年轻人，她拿出了自己的两个25美分的硬币。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我别无选择，只能掉头。”可知，第一段可描写作者的女儿把钱给那个年轻人。
②由第二段首句内容“这位先生把硬币紧紧握在脏兮兮的手里。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人感谢作者的女儿以及作者女儿的感受。
2.续写线索：告诉年轻人女儿想帮他——年轻人看往窗户里——作者女儿给年轻人钱——年轻人感谢——相视而笑——女儿感悟——回到座位
3.词汇激活
行为类
①递：hand sb. sth./pass sth. to sb.
②拿着：hold/grasp
③笑：smile/grin
情绪类
①困惑：feel confused/be puzzled
②感激：express one’s gratitude/convey one’s thankfulness
【点睛】[高分句型1] I told him that my other daughter also wanted to give him her money. (由that引导的宾语从句，作told的宾语)
[高分句型2] We all smiled at each other one last time, with tears running down his face and mine. (with复合结构)高二期初质量检测试卷英语
注意：本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟;所有答案填写在答题卡上，否则无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman probably talking to
A. An assistant. B. A deliveryman. C. A patient.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the weather like
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Snowy.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When is the man leaving for Russia
A. At 6:00 p. m. B. At 1:00 p. m. C. At 8:00 a. m.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want at first
A. An egg. B. A glass of water. C. Some coffee.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where is the supermarket
A. On Green Street. B. Beside a flower store. C. Opposite a flower store.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does the man say about the first shirt
A. It is similar to one of his old shirts.
B. Its color doesn’t suit him.
C. Its price is too high.
7 Which shirt will the man buy
A. The white one. B. The green one. C. The black one.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the woman probably do at Christmas
A. Stay at home alone.
B. Go shopping with her son.
C. Have dinner with the man’s family.
9. Where is the man likely to shop
A. At the mall. B. At the bookstore. C. At online shops
10. What present will the woman give the man
A. A tea box. B. Books. C. Chinese tea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What example does the man give to prove his point
A. His aunt’s example. B. His father’s example. C. His own example.
12. What did the man do last month
A. He took part in a competition.
B. He learned to play the violin.
C. He taught his father to play the guitar.
13. What does Susan’s example prove
A. Hard work is more important.
B. Talent is more important.
C. Talent is as important as hard work.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why does the man speak Chinese well
A. Because his colleagues are Chinese.
B. Because he likes watching Chinese movies.
C. Because his company does business with Chinese firms.
15. What kind of Chinese movies does the man especially like
A. War films. B. Comedies. C. Action movies.
16. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Check movie reviews.
B. Speak Chinese more often.
C. Watch the movie herself.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Which resolution did the speaker mostly stick to last year
A. Exercising every day.
B. Quitting social media.
C. Doing 20-minute housework each day.
18. How long does the speaker spend on her phone every day
A. One to two hours. B. Two to three hours. C. Three to four hours.
19. What percentage of people typically make New Year’s resolutions
A. At least 25%. B. More than 35%. C. Around 45%.
20. Why do people make resolutions on January 1st
A. To follow the cultural tradition.
B. To decrease the obstacles of old habits.
C To increase the chances of achieving their goals.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Books You Won’t Put Down
The Unequal Twins by Sylva Kanderal
What if ... the twins Ava and Zoe, who could hardly be distinguished from each other visually and who could not have been more different in character, had to go through extreme envy Where does that trail lead to To a total loss of their connection, or their finding the lost path to each other again
www. Hardback $28. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 |E-book $3. 99
Quotes from the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber
Inspired by time, space, and human interaction, this collection offers a series of original ideas and quotations designed to uplift and enlighten its readers.
www. Hardback $43. 99 | Paperback $22. 99 | E-book $3. 99
Johnny: Catching Fire by Aaron Allen
Johnny was given the strength of Samson(大力士). Now, he must decide whether to use his power for good or to get even with those who bullied him at school.
www. Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-book $3. 99
Ting Ting, the Girl Who Saved China by Ryan O’Connor
Ting Ting, the Girl Who Saved China provides insights into China’s biggest holiday, gives a sense of its culture, and shows that girls are just strong and brave enough to be heroines.
www. Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-book $3. 95
How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be by Pam Grewall
This self-improvement book offers a simple guide to help its readers recognize their strengths and weaknesses and to understand how to make their own fate.
www. Hardback $23. 99 | Paperback $13. 99 | E-book $3. 99
21. If you are interested in some quotations to inspire yourself, you would prefer the book of ______.
A. Dante P. Galiber. B. Pam Grewall.
C. Sylva Kanderal. D. Aaron Allen.
22. Which book may be most suitable for those who want to redirect their lives
A. Quotes from the Ouiver. B. The Unequal Twins.
C. Johnny: Catching Fire. D. How to Help Yourself to Be Who You Want to Be.
23. What do these five books have in common
A. They all come out from the same press. B. They are all sold at the same price as the e-book.
C. They are all available at the same website. D. They are all set in the real world.
B
Prehistoric people may have used firelight to create the illusion (错觉) of movement in their art. An analysis of 50 carved stones dug out in France suggests that when the stones were placed near a fire, the light made the carved animals seem to move, researchers report April 20 in PLOS ONE. These stones, or “plaquettes” ware found in the 1860s in a rock-shelter called Montastruc, and are carved with animals such as horses and deer. The site was used by Magdalenian people, hunter-gatherers who inhabited (居住) the area between 23, 000 and14, 000 years ago.
The researchers analyzed heat damage on the stones, which indicated them being directly exposed to high temperatures for a long period, and created 3-D models of the stones. Those models were imported to a virtual reality software where they were placed next to a virtual hearth (壁炉炉床) so that the areas of heat damage were closest to the flames, mimicking (模拟) how the stones might have been placed in real life. The researchers then observed the visual effects of the virtual reality light.
It was surprising to see how dynamic the art was and “how changed your experience of the art was by a simple thing, just putting it close to a fire,” says Andy Needham, an archaeologist at the University of York in England. The work suggests that the artists purposely carved along the outline of the rock to influence viewers to see meaningful movement through the random pattern of firelight, he says.
The finding adds to archaeologists’ understandings of the relationship between early people’s artwork and fire. Another recent study found that Stone Age humans created “hidden” art in dark caves which could be lighted and made visible only with the help of the right lighting.
24. What happened when the 50 prehistoric stones were placed near a fire
A. The animals carved on them seemed to move.
B. The fire took on the shapes of different animals.
C. The animal drawings on them became much clearer.
D Animals nearby such as horses and deer were attracted.
25. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A. The reason for the heat damage on the stones.
B. The function of the software in the research.
C. The way in which the research was conducted.
D. The conclusion that was drawn by the researchers.
26. What does Andy Needham think of the prehistoric artists who worked on the 50 stones
A. Hardworking. B. Ambitious. C. Dependable. D. Creative.
27. Which is the best title for the text
A. Ancient People Must Have Used Fire in Various Ways.
B. Different Ways of Using Fire Have Been Discovered Now.
C. Prehistoric People May Have Used Fire to Create Movable Art.
D. Ancient Artists Were More Innovative than We Normally Though.
C
“Don’t worry; be happy” is more than just song lyrics (歌词). A growing body of evidence supports an association between optimism and healthy aging, but it is unclear how optimism impacts health. When it comes to dealing with day-to-day stressors, such as household chores or arguments with others, a new study has found that being more or less optimistic did not make a difference in how older men emotionally reacted to or recovered from these stressors. However, optimism appeared to promote emotional well-being by limiting how often older men experience stressful situations or changing the way they interpret situations as stressful.
“This study tests one possible explanation, assessing if more optimistic people handle daily stress more constructively and therefore enjoy better emotional well-being,” said corresponding author Lewina Lee. PhD, clinical psychologist at the National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at the VA Boston Healthcare System and assistant professor of psychiatry at Boston University School of Medicine.
The researchers followed 233 older men who first finished an optimism questionnaire; 14 years later, they reported daily stressors along with positive and negative moods on eight consecutive (连续不断的) evenings up to three times over an eight-year span. The researchers found more optimistic men reported not only lower negative mood but also more positive mood. They also reported having fewer stressors which was unrelated to their higher positive mood but explained their lower levels of negative mood.
While studies have sustained the idea of optimism as a resource that may promote good health and longevity, we know very little about the underlying mechanisms (机制). “Stress, on the other hand. is known to have a negative impact on our health. By looking at whether optimistic people handle day-to-day stressors differently, our findings add to knowledge about how optimism may promote good health as people age,” says Lee.
28. What may be affected by optimism according to the first paragraph
A. People’s emotional well-being. B. Older men’s ability to react.
C. The way people treat daily stress. D. The way that optimism will be researched.
29. How is the third paragraph developed
A. By making comparisons. B. By analyzing possible results.
C. By presenting different opinions. D. By showing the course and result.
30. What does the underlined word “sustained” in the last paragraph mean
A. Changed. B. Supported. C. Expected. D. Repeated.
31. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A course plan. B. A travel brochure.
C. A health magazine. D. A news report.
D
Huge numbers of migrating (迁徙) birds visit cities all around the world on their extraordinary journeys, which often cover thousands of kilometers. Some appear to be attracted by light. Others seem to enjoy the food on offer. But cities are not always friendly to outsiders. Some migrating birds, for example, are killed by cats while others collide (碰撞) with buildings.
What draws birds to big cities in the first place It could largely be to do with light, says Barbara Frei at Environment and Climate Change Canada, a department of the Canadian government. No one knows exactly why birds are attracted to artificial light at night but there is enough evidence for this effect. One possibility, Frei says, is that birds which use starlight and other phenomena to navigate (导航) are naturally attracted by points of light.
More than 100 years ago, the Irish ornithologist (鸟类学家) Charles Patten was stationed at a lighthouse off the coast of Ireland where he observed this phenomenon first-hand. According to his reports, groups of migrating birds would fly towards the lighthouse and, unfortunately for them, crash into its windows. But back then, sources of very bright, artificial light were uncommon, whereas today electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.
It is important to ensure that cities are accommodating for wildlife, says Frei. Bird migration routes just happen to bring them close to many cities all around the world, and our bright light draws them in. Frei proposes that urban planning take this into account. The designers of every new park or housing estate could include some plants suitable for birds and other species, for instance. “We should plan it for all different things together——it’s good for people; it’s good for the planet; It’s good for the wildlife.” she asserts. “we need to think of cities as ecosystems. if we think about it, we are the masters of this ecosystem and we can decide how to manage this place.”
32. Which problem may be faced by migrating birds in the city
A. They could be shot by hunters.
B. The food on offer may be poisonous.
C. Their lives are threatened by some animals.
D. They may run into some means of transportation.
33. What is most likely to attract birds to the city
A. Artificial light. B. The lighthouse.
C. Starlight. D. Moonlight.
34. What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. Artificial light is harmful to migrating birds.
B. More and more birds pour into the city.
C. Lighthouses help birds identify their directions.
D. Man-made light sources were rich in the past.
35. What suggestion does Frei make for future urban planning
A. Ecosystems should be better protected.
B. People should fit more artificial light.
C. The number of artificial light should be increased.
D. People should improve the living conditions of wildlife.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
3D-Printed Violins
While professional violinists often have instruments that cost between $2000 and $10, 000, it is possible to have one that costs millions depending on how they were and who made them. ___36___ This can make it hard for many to access the instrument, especially for beginners and music classrooms.
However, the good news for them is that they will meet with low-cost and durable (耐用的) 3D-printed violins thanks to The Acoustical Society of America’s AVIVA Young Artists Program. The team’s inspiration roots in multiple places. Their goals were to explore the new world of sounds created by using new materials, to use the new technology of other fields, and to make music education accessible through the printing of more durable instruments. ___37___ The method of distribution has yet to be decided — it could involve shipping fully printed violins, sharing the 3D-printing files with makers, or a combination of both.
___38___ The neck and fingerboard are printed in smooth ABS plastic to provide a comfortable grasp for the musicians, while the violin’s body is made of a plastic polymer substance, much like a typical acoustic (原声的) violin. The outcome is a violin that sounds darker and softer than traditionally built violins. ___39___
“The next step is to lower the costs of production for making such instruments more widely available, especially in the field of education,” said Mary-Elizabeth Brown, director of the AVIVA Young Artists Program. Violins are not the only instruments that are produced through 3D-printing technology. ___40___ Effective results have been obtained from many of them.
A. Besides, the AVIVA violin is less damaged than its traditional wooden cousins.
B. 3D-printed violins have been popular with beginners since they were invented.
C. The violin was built in two pieces using 3D printing.
D. The project is also to get violins to children that couldn’t otherwise afford them.
E. Indeed, even basic violins for students often cost $1000 or more.
F. Many instruments have been produced with a 3D printer before.
G. Most students have to give up learning the instrument due to the high cost.
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分35分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A woman who has struggled to come to terms with her alopecia (脱发) since she was a teenager is now working as a ___41___.
“I first noticed it when I was standing in the mirror trying to ___42___ my hair in a ponytail (马尾辫) and saw a small patch with no ___43___ close to my forehead,” Hansson, 26, said, “I was young at the time so I was mostly ___44___ that it was cancer since that’s ___45___ the first thing you think of when you see hair loss.”
After her diagnosis, only Hansson’s closest friends and ___46___ knew about her condition as she tried to keep it a secret and ___47___ that she became “good at hiding it”. However, as she got older, Hansson learned to accept her aesthetic (美感) and says that she is now ___48___ going out in public without wearing a wig. In fact, she has even ___49___ a career in modelling, “Now I feel like I can be ___50___ and that I don’t need to ___51___ it anymore,” she explains.
Hansson ___52___ not accepting her alopecia sooner, and she says that she is now happy doing what she loves and ___53___ other sufferers to do the same. “Don’t hide,” she said. “It will only make you feel ___54___. A big stone of suffering will ___55___ your body if you can just be yourself.”
41. A. doctor B. model C. writer D. hairdresser
42. A. tie to B. fasten on C. wrap up D. put up
43. A. hair B. dirt C. dust D. spot
44. A. surprised B. worried C. excited D. unexpected
45. A. specially B. strangely C. rarely D. normally
46. A. family B. colleagues C. relatives D. fellows
47. A. pretended B. admitted C. predicted D. supposed
48. A. confident B. shy C. nervous D. delighted
49. A. dreamed B. planned C. pursued D. considered
50. A. anyone B. somebody C. myself D. everyone
51. A. hide B. face C. cure D. expose
52. A. forgets B. regrets C. remembers D. avoids
53. A. suggests B. stops C. allows D. urges
54. A. happier B. better C. crazier D. worse
55. A. shape B. press C. leave D. change
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has the ___56___ (large) network of high-speed railways in the world. As of 2022 it encompassed(包含) over 40, 000 kilometres (25, 000 miles) of high-speed rail or over two-thirds ___57___ the world’s total. It is also the world’s busiest with an annual ridership of over 1.44 billion in 2016 ___58___ 2.01 billion in 2018 more than 60% of total passenger rail volume. By the end of 2018, the cumulative(累计的)number of passengers ___59___ (deliver) by high-speed railway trains was reported ___60___ (be)over 9 billion. According to Railway Gazette International, select trains from Beijing South to Nanjing South on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway have the highest average operating speed at 317. 7 km/h as of July 2019.
The improved ___61___ (mobile)and interconnectivity created by these new high-speed rail lines have generated ___62___ entirely new high-speed commuter(通勤者)market around some urban ___63___ (area). For example, commutes via(通过) high-speed rail between Beijing and ___64___ (surround) cities have become ____65____ (increase)common.
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
根据所给首字母或汉语意思，用单词的适当形式填空。
66. The letter was not addressed to me but I opened it out of c______.(根据首字母单词拼写)
67. He found a company to ______(资助)him through college.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. They need to be ______(容忍的)of different points of view. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69. He ______(抱怨)bitterly that he had been unfairly treated. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
70. A gentleman is one who never hurts anyone’s feeling ______(无意地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. When we’re planning for a trip, we should make a ______ for the weather. (根据首字母单词拼写)
72. He has been Milan’s most ______(始终如一的) player this season. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. Contrary to popular b______, women cause fewer road accidents than men. (根据首字母单词拼写)
74. Sometimes you can’t take some Chinese idioms l______ because they have deeper meanings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
75. I have l______ myself to 1000 calories a day to try and lose weight. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
76. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办以“The Power of Running”为题演讲活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．跑步的益处；
2．自己的跑步体验；
3．呼吁大家投入体育运动。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hello, everyone!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
第二节 读后续写(满分20分)
77. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Go back, Mom! Go back!” shouted my six-year-old daughter, June. I quickly turned around to cast my doubtful eyes on the backseat. worried. I had forgotten her younger sister, Scarlett. I was relieved to see the girls safe and sit in their car seats. but June’s expression was one of pure anxiety.
As I looked back from the driver’s seat I found a young man in rags playing his guitar. His skinny, poor-looking dog rested next to his feet near an old, worn cardboard sign that read, “Homeless, please help.” We’d come across homeless people before and had talked about their needs and struggles. I should seize the chance to set a good example for my daughters to give a helping hand. So I searched for some cash, only to find I had nothing but credit cards. So I told June I didn’t have any cash. To my surprise, June opened her little pink purse and offered to give him a five-dollar bill, I responded with a sigh of relief, “Oh good. I’ll pay you back when we get home.” “No, Mom. I don’t want you to pay me back. I want to help him and give him my money.” she replied.
As we drove down the crowded rows of the parking lot, I told her that we would get to him. When we got there, I called out. “Excuse me. sir!” He cautiously walked toward our car and answered, “Yes ma’am ” June stretched out her entire body to hand him her five-dollar bill through the window and explained, “I want you to have this.” He smiled and hesitatingly asked, “This was your money ” “Yes! I want you to have it,” she proudly answered. “Thank you,” he said, touched by her thoughtfulness.
We exchanged a smile, and as we drove away, my younger daughter Scarlett began to cry. I noticed that she had emptied her purse with two quarters in her tiny hands and insisted on giving all her money to the young man.
注意
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I had no choice but to turn around.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The gentleman tightly held the coins in his dirt-stained hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
