2023-2024学年浙江省湖州市长兴县重点学校八年级（上）开学英语试卷（含解析）

2023-2024学年浙江省湖州市长兴县重点学校八年级（上）开学英语试卷
一、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）
I often went to a park near my home.I always saw a little boy sell(1)there.He tried to ask everyone to buy his flowers.When he saw(2)，he always said,"Sir,buy a flower,please!"(3)I never bought any flowers from him.
One day,I went to the(4).The boy was there again.I didn't(5)him and walked past him into the park.When I came out of the park,the boy was still there.But he didn't ask anyone to buy his flowers.I wanted to know(6).I walked to the boy.He looked at me but(7)say anything. "Boy,why don't you ask people to buy your flower today？" He(8)，"Because my grandmother is dead（死亡）.I don't need much(9)now.You can take a flower for free. " I bought all his flowers.But I felt so sorry,because I didn't give him any(10)when he needed.
1. A. books B. food C. drinks D. flowers
2. A. me B. him C. her D. us
3. A. And B. So C. But D. Or
4. A. work B. park C. school D. zoo
5. A. see B. look at C. find D. ask
6. A. what B. how C. when D. why
7. A. didn't B. wasn't C. doesn't D. isn't
8. A. asked B. told C. answered D. agreed
9. A. time B. money C. food D. water
10. A. money B. flowers C. love D. help
二、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共22.0分）
A
If you keep a dog or a cat，do you always turn on the radio or TV when you're not in just because you don't want your pet to be lonely（孤单的）？A study shows that around 40%of the British people with dogs would like to turn the radio and that 32% would like to turn on the television.But do pets really like this？
Sometimes dogs do respond（作出反应） to human（人类） music.A study shows that when there is light music playing，many dogs seem to be quiet.When it comes to rock music，those dogs seem to be very excited.
For cats，they hardly respond to human music because their hearing spectrum（频谱） is different from that of humans，so what they hear is different from what we hear.Scientists once tried to see what would happen if they played "cat music"for the cats.They asked Professor（教授） David Teie to make special music for cats.And it showed that when they're playing it to 47 cats，some cats did respond
to it.
So，you'd better play different music for your pets.Good news for cat lovers is that you can buy such special cat music online.David Teie once took part in the cat study and he wrote cat music for sale online.
11. Why do some people leave the radio or TV on for their pet？ ______
A. To do a study on pets. B. To stop it being noisy.
C. To make it less lonely. D. To make it love music.
12. Which of the following is TRUE？ ______
A. Pets like to listen to the same music.
B. Cats have little interest in human music.
C. David Teie's job is to sell things online.
D. The cat music can make people excited.
13. What does the passage mainly talk about？ ______
A. How can we look after pets？
B. What kind of music do dogs love？
C. Where can we buy special cat music？
D. Do dogs and cats like human music？
B
Without classes and exams，summer vacation is an ideal time for Australian kids.To me，it means much more than not going to school.It's also a good opportunity to spend time with my family because I have little time with them during the school year.
Last summer I travelled with my family to the Hawkesbury River in Western Sydney.It was one of the most interesting summer vacations of my life.
Staying by the river helped us run away from the hot weather and noise of the city.Everybody played，including（包括） my grandparents，parents，brothers and sisters.First，we went water-skiing，then we enjoyed wakeboarding and other activities.These activities brought our family closer together.
In the warm afternoon，we quietly read a favorite book under a tree by the river.The days always ended with a campfire.Everyone sat around the fire talking and laughing.
The river is an enjoyable place for you to forget about all the worries of everyday life and just enjoy the moment.To me，it is a wonderful place to spend time together as a family during one of the best times of the year.I can't help thinking about those days again and again，even so many months later.
14. What makes the writer miss the summer vacation most？ ______
A. Not going to school. B. Without classes and exams.
C. Travelling with friends. D. Spending time with family.
15. What does the underlined word "opportunity"mean？ ______
A. Chance B. Season C. Food D. Week
16. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. The writer always lives with his family during the school year.
B. It was so hot in Australia that they had to stay at home.
C. The river is a wonderful place for the writer to relax.
D. His grandparents were too old to play games with them.
17. How does the writer feel about his last summer vacation？ ______
A. Terrible. B. Excellent. C. Boring. D. Tiring.
C
It is a fact that people die every moment of every day.However，the deaths of those who are famous in the public realm（领域） can be especially shocking and heartbreaking.
On Jan 26，Kobe Bryant（科比 布莱恩特），one of the most famous NBA players in history，died in a terrible accident.He was 41 years old when a helicopter he was riding in crashed，killing him and eight others，including his 13-year-old daughter Gianna Bryant.
In the basketball world，Bryant ranks（排名） among the top players of all time.He entered the NBA directly from high school as a basketball prodigy.He played his whole 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers and helped the team win five NBA championships.
"You're going，you're competing，you're not worried about the end result，"Bryant said."It's all about focusing on the process and trusting in the hard work when it matters most."
Off the court，Bryant was known as a successful businessman，an Oscar-winning filmmaker，and a proud father of four daughters.
The fact that Bryant is no longer with us is sad.But the work he has done will keep inspiring us years after his death.
18. Kobe Bryant died while he was ______ .
A. sending his daughter to school B. playing basketball
C. riding in a helicopter D. driving to work
19. The underline word "prodigy" means ______ in Chinese.
A. 奇才 B. 队员 C. 队长 D. 教练
20. What else do we know about Bryant？ ______
A. He was the only one who died in the accident.
B. He was successful in many fields.
C. He was the best basketball player ever.
D. Not many people have focused on his death.
21. What's the best title for the passage？ ______
A. A terrible accident. B. Kobe's great dreams.
C. A sad day for sports fans. D. The basketball world.
三、阅读判断（本大题共3小题，共6.0分）
China is a country having the largest population in the world，with more than1.4 billion people.However，it's shown that China's birth rate（率） is dropping.
According to the NBS（国家统计局），10.62 million babies were born in 2021，a birth rate of 7.52 per 1，000 people.This is down from a rate of 8.52 per 1，000 people in 2020.
This means the natural growth rate of the population was just 0.34 per 1，000 people.It is the lowest since China's Great Famine（饥荒） from 1959 to 1961，which killed about 30 million people and caused a population decline.
Ning Jizhe of the NBS told state media some of the reasons for the decline in births are that people's opinions about having children have changed，birth rates are dropping，and young people are taking longer to get married.Also，the high cost of living in cities is discouraging couples from having more children.
Another problem is that the population is aging faster than expected.China's working-age population is already dropping.This suggests China's total population may have reached its peak（顶点）in 2021.It also shows China's population growth is likely slowing faster than expected.
22. What was China's birth rate in 2020？ ______
A. 7.52 per 1000 people. B. 8.52 per 1000 people.
C. 7.18 per 1000 people. D. 0.34 per 1000 people.
23. What does the underlined word "decline" in paragraph 3 probably mean？ ______
A. Change. B. Fall. C. Rise. D. Level.
24. Which may be a reason for China's dropping birth rate according to Ning Jizhe？ ______
A. The cost of living in cities is high.
B. Young people no longer get married.
C. Having children changes people's ideas.
D. There are too many old people to care for.
四、单词拼写/单词释义（本大题共6小题，共6.0分）
25. leave （过去式）______
26. feed（过去式）______．
27. tell（过去式）______
28. ride______.
29. 杂志 n.______
30. 有创造力的 adj.______
五、单词拼写-单句（本大题共13小题，共13.0分）
31. hear（过去式）______．
32. am/is ______ （过去式）
33. grow （过去式） ______
34. say ______ （过去式）
35. lose （过去式） ______
36. write ______
37. I don't get much e ______ ，sitting in the office all day.
38. He is always a ______ of death.
39. I can still r ______ my grandfather teaching me to play basketball.
40. A white elephant is a s ______ of good luck．
41. The food my mother made is quite d ______ .
42. I e ______ reading in the school library.
43. It takes a long time to speak a l ______ well.
六、句子翻译（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）
44. 决定 ______
45. 厌倦的adj. ______
46. 家务劳动n. ______
47. 健康______．
48. 笑声 ______
49. 使人舒服的adj. ______
50. 新鲜的 adj. ______
51. 出现 ______
52. wonderful ______
53. expect ______
54. care ______
55. play a role ______
56. be similar to ______
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】D、A、C、B、B、D、A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）D.考查名词。A.books书；B.food食物；C.drinks饮料；D.flowers花；根据"He tried to ask everyone to buy his flowers"他试图让每个人都买他的花，可知男孩在卖花。故选D。
（2）A.考查代词。A.me我；B.him他；C.her她；D.us我们；根据"I never bought any flowers from him"我从没从他那里买过花，可知男孩看见我，让我买花。故选A。
（3）C.考查连词。A And和；B.So因此；C.But但是；D.Or否则；结合语境，上文是男孩让我买花，本句是我从来没有买过他的花，两句之间构成转折关系，因此选but符合题意。故选C。
（4）B.考查名词。A.work工作；B.park公园；C.school学校；D.zoo动物园；根据"I often went to a park near my home"我经常去我家附近的公园，可知此处指的是公园。故选B。
（5）B.考查动词。A.see看见；B.look at看；C.find发现；D.ask问；结合语境，此处应该是我没有看他一眼，从他身边走过走进公园，因此选look at符合题意。故选B。
（6）D.考查疑问词。A.what什么；B.how如何；C.when何时；D.why为什么；根据"But he didn't ask anyone to buy his flowers"但是他没有请任何人买他的花，可知这里是我想知道为什么。故选D。
（7）A.考查助动词。根据"He looked at me but...say anything"，可知他看了看我，但是没有说什么，从前面句子可知，要用一般过去时，say为实义动词，前面的助动词应该是didn't。故选A。
（8）C.考查动词。A asked问；B.told告诉；C.answered回答；D.agreed同意；根据"Boy,why don't you ask people to buy your flower today？" 孩子，你为什么今天不叫人买你的花呢？，可知此处应该是男孩回答问题，因此选answered。故选C。
（9）B.考查名词。A.time时间；B.money金钱；C.food食物；D.water水；根据"Because my grandmother is dead（死亡）"因为我的祖母死了，可知他们不再那么需要钱了。故选B。
（10）D.考查名词。A.money金钱；B.flowers花；C.love爱；D.help帮助；结合语境可知，我感到非常内疚，因为我没有在他需要帮助的时候给予他任何帮助，因此选help符合题意。故选D。
本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者经常见到的一个卖花小男孩的故事。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11~13.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据原文第一段If you keep a dog or a cat，do you always turn on the radio or TV when you're not in just because you don't want your pet to be lonely（孤单的）？A study shows that around 40%of the British people with dogs would like to turn the radio and that 32% would like to turn on the television. （如果你养了一只狗或猫，你是不是总是在你不在家的时候打开收音机或电视，只是因为你不想让你的宠物孤独？一项研究表明，大约40%的养狗的英国人喜欢打开收音机，32%的人喜欢打开电视。）可知是为了使它不那么孤独。故选：C。
（2）细节理解题。根据原文第二段For cats，they hardly respond to human music because their hearing spectrum（频谱） is different from that of humans，so what they hear is different from what we hear. （对于猫来说，它们对人类的音乐几乎没有反应，因为它们的听觉频谱与人类不同，所以它们听到的与我们听到的不同。）可知猫对人类的音乐没什么兴趣。故选：B。
（3）主旨大意题。这篇短文主要讲述了人们是否应该在不在家时打开收音机或电视，以免宠物感到孤单。研究显示，约40%的英国人养狗的人喜欢打开收音机，32%的人喜欢打开电视。然而，宠物真的喜欢这样吗？D"狗和猫喜欢人类的音乐吗？"能完整概况全文大意。故选：D。
这篇短文主要讲述了人们是否应该在不在家时打开收音机或电视，以免宠物感到孤单。研究显示，约40%的英国人养狗的人喜欢打开收音机，32%的人喜欢打开电视。然而，宠物真的喜欢这样吗？研究表明，有时狗会对人类音乐做出反应，轻音乐会让狗变得安静，而摇滚音乐则会让狗变得兴奋。对于猫来说，它们几乎不会对人类音乐做出反应，因为它们的听觉频谱与人类不同。科学家曾试图为猫播放"猫音乐"，并发现一些猫对此有反应。因此，最好为宠物播放不同的音乐。对于猫爱好者来说，他们可以在网上购买专门为猫制作的音乐。
做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。
14~17.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"It's also a good opportunity to spend time with my family because I have little time with them during the school year."（这也是一个与家人共度时光的好机会，因为我在学校里几乎没有时间和他们在一起。）可知，这也是一个与家人共度时光的好机会，故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。分析第1段"It's also a good opportunity to spend time with my family because I have little time with them during the school year."（这也是一个与家人共度时光的好机会，因为我在学校里几乎没有时间和他们在一起。）可知，此处opportunity的意思是"机会"，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第5段"The river is an enjoyable place for you to forget about all the worries of everyday life and just enjoy the moment."（这条河是一个令人愉快的地方，让你忘记日常生活的所有烦恼，只是享受这一刻。）所以这条河是作者放松的好地方，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第5段"To me，it is a wonderful place to spend time together as a family during one of the best times of the year.I can't help thinking about those days again and again，even so many months later."（对我来说，这是一个在一年中最好的时光里与家人共度时光的好地方。即使过了这么多月，我还是忍不住一次次想起那些日子。）由此可知，作者觉得上个暑假是很棒的，故选B。
本文介绍了作者去年暑假和家人度假的愉快时光。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
18~21.【答案】C、A、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段提到He was 41 years old when a helicopter he was riding in crashed，killing him and eight others，including his 13-year-old daughter Gianna Bryant.（当他乘坐的直升机坠毁时，他41岁，导致他和其他八人死亡，包括他13岁的女儿吉安娜 布赖恩特。）可知，科比是因为乘坐直升飞机遇难去世的，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段提到He entered the NBA directly from high school as a basketball prodigy.He played his whole 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers and helped the team win five NBA championships.（他作为篮球奇才从高中直接进入NBA。他在洛杉矶湖人队打了整整20年的职业生涯，并帮助球队赢得了五次NBA冠军。）可知，他在洛杉矶湖人队打了整整20年的职业生涯，并帮助球队赢得了五次NBA冠军所以他是个篮球奇才，所以prodigy应该是"奇才"的意思，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段提到Off the court，Bryant was known as a successful businessman，an Oscar-winning filmmaker，and a proud father of four daughters.（在球场外，科比被认为是一个成功的商人，奥斯卡获奖电影制作人，和一个自豪的四个女儿的父亲。）可知，在许多领域他都非常的成功，故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。这篇短文主要写了科比 布莱恩特的去世对公众来说是一个令人震惊和心碎的事实，他给人们留下不仅仅是他在篮球领域的成就，还有他的"曼巴精神"，所以标题为"一次可怕的事故"更合适，故选A。
这篇短文主要写了科比 布莱恩特的去世对公众来说是一个令人震惊和心碎的事实，他给人们留下不仅仅是他在篮球领域的成就，还有他的"曼巴精神"。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文，核对答案。
22~24.【答案】B、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段This is down from a rate of 8.52 per 1，000 people in 2020.（这比2020年的8.52%有所下降。）可知2020年的出生率是每1000人8.52人。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段It is the lowest since China's Great Famine（饥荒） from 1959 to 1961，which killed about 30 million people and caused a population decline.（这是自1959年至1961年中国大饥荒以来的最低水平，那次大饥荒导致约3000万人死亡，人口___。）可推知此处意为人口下降，所以划线词意为"下降"，B项意思相近。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Also，the high cost of living in cities is discouraging couples from having more children.（此外，城市高昂的生活成本也阻碍了夫妇生育更多的孩子。）可知城市生活成本高是中国出生率下降的原因。故选A。
这篇短文主要讲述了中国人口数量庞大，但出生率正在下降。根据国家统计局的数据，2021年有1062万婴儿出生，出生率为每千人7.52人，低于2020年的每千人8.52人。这意味着人口的自然增长率仅为每千人0.34人，是自1959年至1961年的中国大饥荒以来最低的，该饥荒导致约3000万人死亡和人口减少。国家统计局的宁吉喆告诉媒体，导致出生率下降的原因包括人们对生育观念的改变、出生率下降以及年轻人结婚的时间延长。此外，城市的高生活成本也使得夫妻不愿意生育更多的孩子。另一个问题是人口老龄化速度超出预期，中国的劳动年龄人口已经在下降。这表明中国的总人口可能在2021年达到峰值，也显示中国的人口增长可能比预期更快地放缓。
在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
25.【答案】left
【解析】leave 离开（过去式）left
故答案是：left．
leave 离开（过去式）left
此题考查实义动词的过去式，熟知动词过去式变化规则，结合具体题目，仔细分析，可得出答案．
26.【答案】fed
【解析】feed为不规则动词．过去式是fed．
故答案为：fed
feed，喂（食物），不规则动词．
不规则动词的变化形式需要根据不规则动词表认真记忆和平时积累，同时也要注意不规则动词表里面所包含的部分变化规律，如feed - fed，meet - met．
27.【答案】told
【解析】tell是个不规则动词，tell的过去式是told．
故答案为：told
tell 动词 告诉
熟记不规则动词的过去式，发现规律，记忆效果好．
28.【答案】rode
【解析】ride 的过去式是不规则的。
故答案为rode
骑，乘
动词过去时态用动词的过去式表达；动词过去式的构成分规则和不规则两种；必须明确区分规则动词和不规则动词，这是学习一般过去时态的关键。
29.【答案】magazine
【解析】根据题干，可知需要翻译的是"杂志 "，其英语表达是"magazine "．名词。
故答案为magazine.
magazine
考查汉译英，熟悉单词的拼写，注意翻译形式。
30.【答案】creative
【解析】"有创造力的"在英文中翻译为"creative"，根据词性可知是形容词。
故答案为creative.
creative
考查汉译英，熟悉单词的拼写，注意翻译形式。
31.【答案】heard
【解析】答案：heard 考查单词填空．根据题干：hear意为听，它的过去式是heard
hear：听
本题考查用所给单词的适当形式填空，首先要根据语境明确句意，然后再根据相关语法对所给单词在形式上做出正确的变化．
32.【答案】was
【解析】am/is"是"，其过去式是was，是不规则变化。
故答案为：was。
am/is的过去式是was。
熟记动词过去式的变化规则，并正确书写。
33.【答案】grew
【解析】根据题的要求，此题考查grow的过去式grew。
故答案为：grew。
grow （过去式） grew 种植
根据语境判断应用的时态，结合选项选择正确的一项。
34.【答案】said
【解析】题干要求写出say的过去式，say的过去式为said。
故填写said
say说，过去式said
主要考查的是对动词过去式的掌握。
35.【答案】lost
【解析】lose失去，动词，其过去式是lost．
故答案是lost．
lost
熟悉动词过去式和用法，结合题意，给出答案．
36.【答案】written
【解析】write写，动词。过去分词是written。
故答案为：written。
写
掌握动词过去分词的变化，积累一些不规则变法，正确写出答案。
37.【答案】xercise
【解析】根据"我整天坐在办公室里，几乎没有做多少......"及首字母提示可知，应该是"运动"，这里形容词much修饰不可数名词exercise。
故答案为：exercise。
我整天坐在办公室里，几乎没有做多少运动。
充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。
38.【答案】fraid
【解析】afraid害怕的，是形容词；根据句意和首字母a可知，要填"害怕的"，在系动词is后面用形容词作表语。be afraid of害怕，是固定短语。
故答案为：afraid。
他总是害怕死亡。
根据句意和首字母填空要充分理解句意，再根据首字母提示完成句子，注意时态，单复数，词性变化等。
39.【答案】ecall
【解析】根据"我仍然能......我爷爷教我打篮球的情景。"及首字母提示可知，应该是"记起"，这里情态动词can后跟动词原形。
故答案为：recall。
我仍然能记起我爷爷教我打篮球的情景。
充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。
40.【答案】ign
【解析】答案：sign。
根据"A white elephant"以及"good luck"可知白色的大象是好运的标志，结合给出的首字母，故填名词单数sign。
白色的大象是一个好运的象征。
首先要掌握句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目以及给出的首字母提示，就可以确定正确答案。
41.【答案】elicious
【解析】delicious美味的，是形容词；根据句意和首字母d可知，要填"美味的"，在系动词is后面用形容词作表语。
故答案为：delicious。
我妈妈做的食物真的很美味。
根据句意和首字母填空要充分理解句意，再根据首字母提示完成句子，注意时态，单复数，词性变化等。
42.【答案】njoy
【解析】根据"我......在学校图书馆阅读。"及首字母提示可知，应该是"喜欢"，主语I第一人称，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形enjoy。
故答案为：enjoy。
我喜欢在学校图书馆阅读。
充分理解句意，积累一些词汇，再根据提示，运用适当形式，正确写出答案。
43.【答案】anguage
【解析】根据"说好一门......要花费很长时间。"及首字母提示可知，应该是"语言"，这里不定冠词a修饰单数名词language。
故答案为：language。
说好一门语言要花费很长时间。
要充分理解句意，再根据首字母提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。
44.【答案】decide
【解析】decide"决定"，为动词。
故答案为：decide。
决定
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。
45.【答案】bored
【解析】"厌倦的"为：bored，形容词。
故填：bored。
"厌倦的"为：bored。
考查形容词词义辨析。根据汉语提示做出正确答案。
46.【答案】housework
【解析】housework家务劳动，不可数名词。
故填：housework。
家务劳动
考查汉译英，熟悉英语中的常用单词，注意翻译形式。
47.【答案】health
【解析】答案：health．健康，是一个名词，翻译为health．
health：健康．
be in good health身体健康．
48.【答案】laugh
【解析】笑声：laugh，作名词用。
故填：laugh。
笑声
考查汉译英，熟悉英语中的常用单词，注意翻译形式。
49.【答案】comfortable
【解析】"使人舒服的"为：comfortable，形容词。
故填：comfortable。
"使人舒服的"为：comfortable。
考查形容词词义辨析。根据汉语提示做出正确答案。
50.【答案】fresh
【解析】新鲜的fresh，形容词．
故答案为fresh．
fresh
考查单词和词组的翻译，要牢固记忆单词和短语的意思及用法．
51.【答案】come out
【解析】come out出现
故答案为come out
come out
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案．
52.【答案】精彩的
【解析】wonderful的意思是精彩的。
故填：精彩的。
wonderful精彩的
首先要掌握形容词的意思，然后根据具体的题目，就可以做正确选择。
53.【答案】期待
【解析】考查英译汉，根据英文提示，可知expect的汉语表达是：期待，动词。
故答案为：期待。
expect期待
做这类题型，首先根据所给单词或短语的意思，掌握英文单词的含义，结合汉语特点做出答案。
54.【答案】关怀，照料
【解析】care名词，关怀，照料。
关怀，照料
考查英译汉，熟悉单词的用法，注意翻译形式。
55.【答案】起作用；参与
【解析】play a role起作用；参与，是动词短语。
故答案为：起作用；参与。
起作用；参与
考查短语的翻译，要牢固记忆短语的意思及用法。
56.【答案】与……相似
【解析】be similar to"与……相似"，是固定短语，similar"类似的"。
故填：与……相似。
与……相似
熟知基本的单词或短语，结合语境，可得出答案。
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