秘密★启用前【考试时间: 2023年7月9日16:00~18:00】
高中2022级第一学年末教学质量测试
英 语
本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分,其中试题卷共12页;答题卡共2页。满分150分,考试时间120分钟
注意事项:
1. 答题前,考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚,同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。
2. 选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上,如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案;非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效
3. 考试结束后将答题卡收回
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
回答听力部分时,先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案: C。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Buy a new bike. B. Ride a new bike. C. Repair a new bike.
2. How will the speakers return from the art gallery
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.
3. When did the movie start
A. At 7:45 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 8:15 pm.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Their favorite culture. B. Their weekend plan. C. Their schoolwork.
5. Where are the speakers
A. In the library. B. In the restaurant. C. At home.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To make an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To borrow money.
7. How much is the rent now
A. $400. B. $600. C. $800.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What did Alex do this afternoon
A. He went to the bank. B. He bought a computer. C. He gathered plastic bottles.
9. How will Alex spend his money
A. Buy recycled resources. B. Build a rural school. C. Donate it to students.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. How do the speakers sound when they are talking
A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Confused.
11. Who is the woman’s favorite singer
A. Ed Sheeran. B. Taylor Swift. C. Beyoncé.
12. What will the man do next
A. Go to a class. B. Buy concert tickets. C. Order some takeout.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Why do people take an ethical trip
A. To support the tourism.
B. To develop national economy.
C. To preserve the local ecosystem.
14. What should people do in the destination
A. Feed the wildlife. B. Explore local customs. C. Buy fashionable goods.
15. What is most tourists’ attitude to ethical trips
A. Supportive. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors. B. Fellow students. C. Father and daughter.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What’s special about the hotel
A. It is made of ice. B. Roses cover its beds. C. It has breathtaking views.
18. What inspired the construction of the hotel
A. An exhibition held by a Frenchman.
B. Visit from people to the ice structure.
C. Adventurers’ sleeping in the ice structure.
19. Why is the hotel rebuilt every year
A. It changes every year. B. The ice melts in spring. C. It is only open in winter.
20. What can you do in the hotel
A. Watch movies. B. Display artworks. C. Study wildlife.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The British Museum
Gallery Art Session
National curriculum links
●Art & Design
About this session
Gallery Art sessions take place in one or more of the Museum’s galleries. Your students explore a theme chosen by you and are led by an artist-educator. The sessions reflect the diversity of world cultures through the British Museum’s collections.
Format: gallery workshop, Q&A, practical art-based activities, discussion
Capacity: 15 per group(max 30 students per day, split into 2 groups)
Duration: 90 minutes
Price: Free
In detail
●The session begins with an introduction to the Museum and its collections.
●The artist-educator will lead students through an exploration of the theme in several galleries.
●It concludes with a meeting which highlights the questions to ask when examining museum objects, the skills of recording information gathered in a museum and a summary of the key themes of the session.
Before your visit
●The purpose of the Museum visit, for example, collecting material for a particular project or examining objects from a particular culture or period, should be made clear before arrival and students should know the expected outcomes of the visit.
After your visit
●Your session and museum visit should be recorded, e. g. using digital cameras, notes and drawings so that further in depth research can be done.
Find out more
A selection of galleries below may be visited during the session.
●Room 25: Africa
●Room 26: North America
●Room 27: Asia
1. Who is the text intended for
A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. D. Artists.
2. Which of the following is required of students before the art session
A. Pay the tickets in groups. B. Plan the outcome with others.
C. Record the visit with notes. D. Know the purpose of the visit.
3. What can students do during the art session
A. Draw the collections. B. Choose some themes.
C. Visit various galleries. D. Introduce the Museum.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是英国博物馆的画廊艺术课程。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据About this session部分中的“Gallery Art sessions take place in one or more of the Museum’s galleries. Your students explore a theme chosen by you and are led by an artist-educator. The sessions reflect the diversity of world cultures through the British Museum’s collections.(画廊艺术课程在博物馆的一个或多个画廊举行。您的学生探索由您选择的主题，并由艺术家教育家带领。这些会议通过大英博物馆的藏品反映了世界文化的多样性。)”可知，您的学生探索由您选择的主题，有此可知，本文的读者应是教师。故选A项
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Before your visit部分中的“The purpose of the Museum visit, for example, collecting material for a particular project or examining objects from a particular culture or period, should be made clear before arrival and students should know the expected outcomes of the visit.(参观博物馆的目的，例如，为一个特定的项目收集材料，或检查特定文化或时期的物品，应该在到达之前明确，学生应该知道参观的预期结果。)”可知，学习画廊的艺术课程的学生到达之前明确好参观博物馆的目的，由此可知，学生需要了解访问的目的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Find out more部分中的“A selection of galleries below may be visited during the session.(学习课程期间可参观以下精选画廊。)”可知，学生在学习课程时，可以参观下面的各种画廊。故选C项。
B
This morning, while tidying up my office, I found an open box of packaged chocolate cookies that I’d bought sometime last year. The use-by date had come and gone more than eight months ago. Curious, I took a small bite. They still tasted pretty good.
Welcome to the world of ultra-processed (超加工) foods. And we’re eating a lot of them. Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams. You might not realize you’re eating one, but look close and you’ll see many ingredients you wouldn’t find in your kitchen.
And a large and growing amount of evidence has consistently linked overconsumption of ultra-processed foods to poor health outcomes. “Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).
One reason ultra-processed foods likely lead to health issues seems obvious: They tend to be low in fiber and high in calories, salt, added sugar and fat, which are all linked with poor health outcomes when eaten too much.
Eventually, Gardner says the burden of making healthier food choices shouldn’t fall completely on consumers-especially when it comes to setting kids up for better health long term. “It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says.
4. What does the author want to say in the second paragraphs
A. Ultra-processed foods preserve the flavor long.
B. Ultra-processed foods have become a big part of our diet.
C. Convenience explains the popularity of ultra-processed foods.
D. A lot of health problems result from consumption of ultra-processed foods.
5. What does the underlined word “overconsumption” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Overproduction. B. Overselling. C. Overstore. D. Overeating.
6. What is a result of too much ultra-processed food in people’s lives
A. Fewer diseases. B. Health problems.
C. Dietary changes. D. Market competition.
7. What is Gardner’s suggestion for making kids healthier in the long term
A. Punish the food industry. B. Reduce kids’ consumption.
C. Unite efforts from all sides. D. Make smarter food choices.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。w文章主要介绍的是超加工食品的一些问题，过度使用超加工食品会产生健康问题。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams.(目前，超加工食品占成年人饮食总量的近60%，占儿童饮食总量的近70%。它们包括从饼干和苏打水到包装面包和冷冻食品，甚至冰淇淋的所有东西)”可知，在日常饮食中，超加工的食品占据了相当大的比例。由此推知，超加工食品已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的““Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过度使用超级工食品会造成身体健康问题，饮食与慢性疾病之间存在着联系。由此推知，划线单词的意思应是“过多地食用”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过多使用超加工食品会造成健康问题。由此可知，健康问题是过多使用超加工食品的结果。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的““It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says.( “这确实需要整个社会都关注这一点，共同努力，包括食品行业和政府，以减少我们的孩子们每天消费的超加工食品的数量，”他说)”可知，Gardner认为，要从长远看来，要解决孩子的健康问题，需要的是整个社会引起重视，齐心协力。由此可知，Gardner的建议是团结社会的各方力量。故选C项。
C
Researchers are trying to explore creative ways to reduce e-waste. Now one team has invented a water-activated battery (水激活电池) made of paper and other sustainable materials.
Some e-waste is relatively large: old phones and air conditioners, for instance. Other e-waste is more unnoticeable, such as batteries. It’s these small batteries that are big problems. Nobody really pays attention to where they end up. Researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology are working to address this problem. They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.
A traditional battery is made of plastic, metal or other harmful materials. The paper battery works the same as a traditional battery. It has a positively charged (带电的) side, a negatively charged side, and a conductive material (传导材料) between the two. In the new battery, the positively and negatively charged sides are inks printed onto the front and back of a piece of paper. That paper is filled with salt, which dissolves (溶解) when the paper is wet. When the paper is dry, the battery is off. Once the paper is wet, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance worsens as the paper dries. When the scientists rewet the paper during testing, the battery begins to work again and lasts an hour before beginning to dry out again.
Although the researchers showed that their battery could power an alarm clock, it is unlikely to replace standard batteries now. It is hard to predict a time line for producing such batteries in a large number, but that future may not be so far off.
“This really starts with the development of sustainable materials,” Nystr m, the lead author, explains, “From there, I think we are able to create something that is quite useful.”
8. Why did the researchers invent the new batteries
A. To replace harmful batteries. B. To develop sustainable materials.
C. To power common devices. D. To make e-waste more noticeable.
9. In what aspect are the traditional and the new batteries different
A. Sizes. B. Usages. C. Materials. D. Functions.
10. What do we know about the paper used in the new batteries
A. It dries within 20 seconds. B. It can be used many times.
C. It has ink on the front side. D. It breaks easily in salt water.
11. What can be inferred about the new battery from the last two paragraphs
A. It stores huge power. B. It takes ages to make it.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It has a promising future.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一种新型环保的电池。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.(他们发明了一种水激活纸电池，使用环保材料，最终可以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池。)”可知，科学家发明一种水激活的纸电池，可以最终取代有害的电池，由此可知，研究者发明新电池是为了取代旧的有害的电池。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.(他们发明了一种水激活纸电池，使用环保材料，最终可以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池。)”可知，这种新电池是使用环保材料，根据第三段中的“A traditional battery is made of plastic, metal or other harmful materials.(传统电池是由塑料、金属或其他有害材料制成的。)”可知，传统电池使用的是塑料、金属或者其他有害材料制作而成，由此可知，新的电池与传统电池是在材料方面不同。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When the paper is dry, the battery is off. Once the paper is wet, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance worsens as the paper dries. When the scientists rewet the paper during testing, the battery begins to work again and lasts an hour before beginning to dry out again.(当纸干了，电池就没电了。一旦纸湿了，电池就会在20秒内激活。随着纸张的干燥，新电池的运行性能会恶化。当科学家们在测试过程中将纸重新弄湿时，电池就会重新开始工作，并在再次变干之前持续工作一个小时。)”可知，当纸干了，就没电了，但纸湿了后，20秒又可以激活，科学家再次把纸弄湿后，电池又可以使用，且会一直持续到纸变干，由此可知，这种新型的电池可以反复使用。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It is hard to predict a time line for producing such batteries in a large number, but that future may not be so far off.(很难预测大规模生产这种电池的时间线，但未来可能不会那么遥远。)”可知，大规模生产这种电池的时间不会很遥远，结合尾段中的““This really starts with the development of sustainable materials,” Nystr m, the lead author, explains, “From there, I think we are able to create something that is quite useful.”(“这真的是从可持续材料的发展开始的，”Nystr m，第一作者解释说，“从那里，我认为我们能够创造出一些非常有用的东西。”)”可知，Nystr m认为这是一种非常有用的东西，综合以上信息可知，这种新电池有一个充满希望的未来。故选D项。
D
Imagine a small lifestyle change that could both reduce your weight and risk of depression and boost your productivity. It’s as simple as getting up early on a regular basis. More interestingly, science is supporting it.
In a 2019 experiment by Monash University, night owls reported feeling less depression, stress and daytime sleepiness after their body clocks were brought forward by two hours across a three-week period.
Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls. According to those early birds, advantages of the morning include less distraction, more time and more space to think and get work done. There are fewer other people up, fewer phone calls, text messages, emails and more. Also, studies show our abilities, energy and mood are generally at their peak in the morning, including late morning.
How early is “early” Scientists haven’t yet determined an ideal, exact time to start and end the day. It is suggested that people should adjust sleep timing with the sun’s daily cycle and light. But it doesn’t mean to rise as soon as natural light first appears. Also, many of us suffer from sleep problems during the night that make rising early undesirable. And if you’re a natural owl, trying to change your pattern might not favor you.
Pay attention when you feel most energetic. While being an early riser may have benefits for your health, what’s more important is getting enough, quality sleep and keeping a regular pattern. Don’t set the alarm for 5:30 am if it means reducing overall sleep time. You could end up suffering from negative effects of sleep deprivation(缺乏), including a poorer mood and energy, less ability to concentrate, weight gain and more.
12. What do the underlined words “night owls” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. People who rise early. B. People who sleep late.
C. People who are depressed. D. People who are overweight.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. When our abilities are best. B. What advantages of mornings are.
C. Why early birds perform better. D. Who communicates in the morning.
14. What might happen to you if you set your alarm too early
A. You will lose some weight. B. You could have more work done.
C You may find it hard to focus. D. You can see the first natural light.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Power of Rising Early. B. The Habits of Morning Types.
C. The Amount of Sleep Time. D. The Benefits of Lifestyle Changes.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是早起有利于减肥、降低抑郁风险和提高工作效率。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“…reported feeling less depression, stress and daytime sleepiness after their body clocks were brought forward by two hours across a three-week period.(……报告称，在三周的时间里，他们的生物钟提前了两个小时，他们的抑郁、压力和白天困倦感都有所减轻。)”可知，此处讲述的是研究对象报告的情况，这些人觉得为期三周的生物钟提前两个小时后，自己的抑郁、压力和白天睡觉的情况减少，结合第三段中的“Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls.(多项研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作上的表现往往比夜猫子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，大量研究表明，早起要比夜猫子在学业上和工作上的表现要好，由此可知，划线单词应是对应着早起的人，所以该短语的意思是“睡得晚的人”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls. (多项研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作上的表现往往比夜猫子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作方面比夜猫子的表现更好，结合下文分析这一研究结论的原因可知，本段主要讲述的是为什么早起的人的表现更好。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Don’t set the alarm for 5:30 am if it means reducing overall sleep time. You could end up suffering from negative effects of sleep deprivation(缺乏), including a poorer mood and energy, less ability to concentrate, weight gain and more.(不要把闹钟定在早上5点半，如果这意味着减少整体睡眠时间。你最终可能会遭受睡眠剥夺的负面影响，包括情绪和精力不佳、注意力不集中、体重增加等等。)”可知，如果早起的过早，可能会有负面的影响，比如情绪和精力差、注意力不集中和体重增加等。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“Imagine a small lifestyle change that could both reduce your weight and risk of depression and boost your productivity. It’s as simple as getting up early on a regular basis. More interestingly, science is supporting it.(想象一下，一个小小的生活方式的改变既可以减轻你的体重，降低患抑郁症的风险，又可以提高你的工作效率。这就像经常早起一样简单。更有趣的是，科学也支持这一观点。)”可知，本文在第一段中介绍了研究发现，早起这样一个小小的生活方式的变化可能会有助于减肥、降低抑郁风险以及提高工作效率，进而在下文中对该研究发现进行分析，说明早起的人的表现会比晚睡的人更好，同时也指出不能早起过早，以免会产生更多负面的影响，所以，本文的题目为“早起的力量”基于本文的内容吻合，也可以概括全文的主题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to take charge as a parent, stop trying to control your child. By focusing on the reactions you have to your child’s behavior rather than the behavior itself, you can create conscious parent-child relationships. ____16____ Too often parents get caught up in unnecessary power struggles with their children, forgetting to connect with or understand them.
So, how can you be a more conscious parent
The first step is recognizing that shame and blame do not work. ____17____ It not only prevents you from connecting with your child but also prevents your child from connecting with their sense of inner security and worth. It’s better to view the parent-child relationship as a two-way partnership.
When your child refuses to eat carrots or clean their room, it’s easy to view this behavior as disrespectful. In fact, the child is not trying to disrespect you. ____18____ What you view as disrespectful often has more to do with your own feelings and experiences than your child’s behavior.
Parents can unknowingly write stories for their children about how they should behave and how their lives should look. You must recognize these fantasies first. Next, ask yourself, “Who would I be without this fantasy ” ____19____
The difference between being in charge and being in control means managing your child’s environment instead of trying to control the child’s every action. Do you want your child to eat fewer sweets ____20____ It’s better than repeatedly criticizing your child for eating cookies. Being aware of your child’s environment can better set you both up for understanding.
A. You are always sensitive.
B. The child is just being a child.
C. You should not keep candies in the house.
D. Conscious parenting doesn’t come naturally.
E. Shop wisely with your children in the supermarket.
F. A parenting model based on fear and punishment is harmful.
G. The expectations you hold about your kids often show your own desires.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍怎样才能成为一个更有意识的家长的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“By focusing on the reactions you have to your child’s behavior rather than the behavior itself, you can create conscious parent-child relationships. (通过关注你对孩子行为的反应而不是行为本身，你可以建立有意识的亲子关系。)”和下文“So, how can you be a more conscious parent (那么，怎样才能成为一个更有意识的家长呢 )”说明建立有意识的亲自关系不是自然而然的，而是需要方法的，选项D“有意识的养育不是自然而然的。”承接上文，并且引出下文的方法策略，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The first step is recognizing that shame and blame do not work. (第一步是认识到辱骂和责备不起作用。)”和下文“It not only prevents you from connecting with your child but also prevents your child from connecting with their sense of inner security and worth. (这不仅阻碍了你与孩子的联系，也阻碍了你的孩子与他们内心的安全感和价值感的联系。)”可推断设空处应说明辱骂和责备给孩子带来的坏处，F选项“基于恐惧和惩罚的养育模式是有害的。”符合上下文语境，语意连贯，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“When your child refuses to eat carrots or clean their room, it’s easy to view this behavior as disrespectful. In fact, the child is not trying to disrespect you. (当你的孩子拒绝吃胡萝卜或打扫房间时，很容易把这种行为视为不尊重。事实上，孩子并不是想要不尊重你。)”可知下文应是解释孩子这种行为其实没有不尊重，他们只是孩子，想法很单纯，B选项“孩子就只是孩子。”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Parents can unknowingly write stories for their children about how they should behave and how their lives should look. You must recognize these fantasies first. Next, ask yourself, “Who would I be without this fantasy ” (父母可能会在不知不觉中给孩子写故事，告诉他们应该如何表现，他们的生活应该是什么样子。你必须首先认清这些幻想。接下来，问问你自己，“如果没有这些幻想，我会是谁 ”) ”可推断本段是告诉父母不要把自己的想法强加在孩子的身上，G选项“你对孩子的期望往往反映了你自己的欲望。”对上文进行总结，符合题意，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Do you want your child to eat fewer sweets (你想让你的孩子少吃点甜品吗 ) ”和下文“It’s better than repeatedly criticizing your child for eating cookies. (这比反复批评你的孩子吃饼干要好。)”可知设空处应该是不让孩子少吃甜品的方法，C选项“你不应该把糖果放在家里。”符合题意，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I couldn’t have been better prepared for the talk, my first presentation as a college student. I had learned my speech ____21____ . The day before the talk, alone in my room, I felt ____22____ . But as soon as I was invited to the stage, I was overwhelmed by a fear I had ____23____ too many times before—the fear of getting ____24____ because of my stutter (口吃).
It began when I was a child. I felt ashamed and ____25____ as little as possible at school. I put a lot of ____26____ into math and science; in these subjects, I could ____27____ my teachers with written exams and reports rather than spoken ones.
But by the time I got to middle school, my stutter had made me a ____28____ for bullying (欺凌), which hurt my academic performance. ____29____ , I went to a cooking school, where I hoped my cooking would speak for itself.
I saw my future as a _____30_____ until a nutrition class, when the teacher’s lecture _____31_____ me of my love of science. I found that my thirst for learning more biology was _____32_____ than my fear of stuttering during oral exams. I started to work in a research lab and tried speech therapy (治疗). With the help of my therapist, I _____33_____ realized the real problem was not the stutter itself; it was my fear of stuttering. It took me about a year to _____34_____ during one weekly meeting that I love myself as I am.
Now, instead of _____35_____ public speeches, I actively seek opportunities to be on the stage. And if I happen to stutter along the way, so be it.
21. A. by heart B. on purpose C. by mistake D. on duty
22. A. nervous B. surprised C. confident D. energetic
23. A. forgotten B. experienced C. arranged D. considered
24. A. stuck B. broken C. lost D. bored
25. A. planned B. moved C. studied D. talked
26. A. feeling B. money C. power D. effort
27. A. interest B. embarrass C. satisfy D. disappoint
28. A. target B. celebrity C. hit D. leader
29. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Moreover
30. A. professor B. chef C. biologist D. director
31. A. warmed B. cured C. informed D. reminded
32. A. lighter B. stronger C. smaller D. longer
33. A. naturally B. immediately C. gradually D. frequently
34. A. speak out B. cut in C. take down D. put up
35. A. expecting B. avoiding C. improving D. doubting
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是一个大学生在面对自己的口吃问题时的成长和改变。
【21题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我把我的演讲背熟了。A. by heart用心；B. on purpose故意地；C. by mistake错误地；D. on duty值班。结合句意可知，此处应为learn…by heart意为“记住”符合语境。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：演讲的前一天，我独自一人在房间里，感到很自信。A. nervous紧张的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. confident自信的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文中的“I had learned my speech ____1____ .”可知，作者已经都背下来了，所以此处应是“自信的”符合语境。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我一被邀请上台，就被一种我以前经历过太多次的恐惧所淹没——害怕因为口吃而卡住。A. forgotten忘记；B. experienced经历；C. arranged安排；D. considered考虑，认为。根据上文中的“But as soon as I was invited to the stage, I was overwhelmed by a fear”可知，此处指的是作者一上台，被吓坏了，所以此处应是被一种我以前经历过太多次的恐惧所淹没，“经历”符合语境。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我一被邀请上台，就被一种我以前经历过太多次的恐惧所淹没——害怕因为口吃而卡住。A. stuck卡住的；B. broken破碎的；C. lost迷失的；D. bored无聊的。根据上文中的“But as soon as I was invited to the stage, I was overwhelmed by a fear I had ____3____ too many times before”可知，作者由于害怕因为口吃而“卡住”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它始于我小时候。我感到羞愧，在学校里尽量少说话。A. planned计划；B. moved移动；C. studied研究；D. talked谈论，说话。根据上文中的“I felt ashamed”可知，因为自己感到害羞，所以应是尽可能少“说话”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在数学和科学上下了很大的功夫，在这些科目上，我可以用笔试和报告而不是口语来满足我的老师。A. feeling感受；B. money金钱；C. power力量，权力；D. effort努力。根据下文中的“in these subjects, I could ____7____ my teachers with written exams and reports rather than spoken ones.”可知，作者想在数学和科学这些不需要说话的学科上让老师满意，所以此处应是“努力”学习数学和科学。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在数学和科学上下了很大的功夫，在这些科目上，我可以用笔试和报告而不是口语来满足我的老师。A. interest使感兴趣；B. embarrass使尴尬；C. satisfy满足；D. disappoint使失望。根据上文中的“I put a lot of ____6____ into math and science;”可知，作者在数学和科学上下功夫，应是为了让老师“满意”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我上中学的时候，我的口吃已经让我成为欺凌的目标，这影响了我的学习成绩。A. target目标；B. celebrity名人；C. hit轰动；D. leader领导。结合语境以及下文中的“for bullying(欺凌)”可知，作者口吃，很容易成为欺凌的“目标”。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我去了一所烹饪学校，在那里我希望我的烹饪能不言自明。A. However然而；B. Instead取而代之；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover而且。根据语境以及下文中的“I went to a cooking school, where I hoped my cooking would speak for itself.”可知，因为作者成为欺凌的对象而成绩下滑，“因此”作者去了烹饪学校，符合逻辑。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到自己作为厨师的未来，直到在营养课上，老师的讲座让我想起了我对科学的热爱。A. professor教授；B. chef厨师；C. biologist生物学家；D. director导演。根据上文中的“I went to a cooking school”可知，作者去了厨师学校，所以此处应是“厨师”符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到自己作为厨师的未来，直到在营养课上，老师的讲座让我想起了我对科学的热爱。A. warmed温暖；B. cured治好；C. informed告知；D. reminded提醒。根据语境以及下文中的“me of my love of science.”可知，老师的营养可，让作者“想起了”对科学的热爱，remind sb. of sth意为“使某人想起某事”符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现我对学习更多生物学的渴望比我对口语考试中口吃的恐惧更强烈。A. lighter较轻；B. stronger更强；C. smaller较小；D. longer更长。根据下文中的“I started to work in a research lab and tried speech therapy (治疗).”可知，作者开始进入实验室进行治疗，所以此处表示自己对科学的渴望“更强烈”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在治疗师的帮助下，我逐渐意识到真正的问题不在于口吃本身是我害怕口吃。A. naturally自然地；B. immediately立刻，马上；C. gradually逐渐地；D. frequently频繁地。根据语境以及下文中的“realized the real problem was not the stutter itself; it was my fear of stuttering.”可知，作者在治疗师的帮助下，“逐渐地”意识到问题所在。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我花了大约一年的时间在一次每周会议上说，我爱自己本身的样子。A. speak out说出；B. cut in插话；C. take down记下；D. put up搭建，张贴。根据上文中的“With the help of my therapist, I ____13____ realized the real problem was not the stutter itself; it was my fear of stuttering.”可知，作者意识到自己口吃的问题所在，所以此处应是花了大约一年的时间在会议上“说出”自己爱自己本身的样子。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我不再回避公开演讲，而是积极寻求登上舞台的机会。A. expecting期望；B. avoiding逃避；C. improving改善；D. doubting怀疑。根据下文中的“I actively seek opportunities to be on the stage.”可知，作者开始积极主动地寻找登台的机会，所以不再“逃避”口吃的问题。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to animals in China, one iconic creature springs to mind: the black and white giant panda. This national animal is ____36____ (extreme) rare and protected by the Chinese government. In the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, also ____37____ (call) Chengdu Panda Base, you’ll be able to see these soft, clumsy (笨拙的) creatures carefully protected.
Chengdu Panda Base ____38____ (consider) an important institution for panda research nowadays. Built in 1987 to care for rescued wild pandas, the open-air reserve is one of China’s most popular ____39____ (destination). It is remarkably successful at introducing new pandas into wild populations and mainly focuses ____40____ the conservation of pandas.
Try to visit in the morning ____41____ the pandas are most active. Feeding takes place around opening time at 8 am, although you’ll see them eating in the late afternoon, too. Pandas spend most of their afternoons ____42____ (sleep), particularly during the height of midsummer.
As well as living, breathing pandas, there are some ____43____ (amaze) panda information centers and museums explaining how to protect pandas from ____44____ (extinct). A visit to the base is a perfect learning opportunity for adults and children alike to get closer to _____45_____ lovely creature.
【答案】36. extremely
37. called 38. is considered
39. destinations
40. on 41. when
42. sleeping
43. amazing
44. extinction
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了精心保护国有动物大熊猫的成都大熊猫繁育研究基地。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种国家动物极为稀有，受到中国政府的保护。设空处修饰形容词rare，应用副词作状语，故填extremely。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在成都大熊猫繁育研究基地，也被称为成都熊猫基地，你可以看到这些柔软，笨拙的生物被精心保护。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填called。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：成都熊猫基地被认为是当今熊猫研究的重要机构。设空处是谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语Chengdu Panda Base，谓语第三人称单数，故填is considered。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这个露天保护区建于1987年，旨在照顾获救的野生大熊猫，是中国最受欢迎的目的地之一。设空处为名词作宾语，前面有one of，应用名词复数形式，故填destinations。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：它在将新的大熊猫引入野生种群方面非常成功，并主要关注大熊猫的保护。短语focus on，意为“关注”，符合句意和语境，故填on。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽量在熊猫最活跃的早晨去参观。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词morning，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
【42题详解】
考查动名词。句意：熊猫下午大部分时间都在睡觉，尤其是在盛夏的时候。短语spend…in (doing)，意为“花费……做某事”，符合句意，故填sleeping。
43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了活着、会呼吸的大熊猫，还有一些令人惊叹的熊猫信息中心和博物馆，解释如何保护大熊猫免于灭绝。设空处修饰名词panda information centers and museums作定语，应用形容词，表示令人惊叹的，故填amazing。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意： 同上。设空处为介词的宾语，应用名词extinction，不可数名词，故填extinction。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：参观基地是一个完美的学习机会，让成年人和孩子都能更接近这个可爱的生物。设空处修饰名词creature，表特指，应用定冠词the，故填the。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友 Tom 约好一起去参加你校即将举行的科技节并为他做介绍，但你因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1 表达歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 提出弥补措施。
注意： 1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I’m very sorry to tell you that I can’t keep the appointment and go to the Science Festival with you this Sunday.
The reason why I can’t make it is that I must take an important exam that day, which is closely connected with my college application. I’m sure you can understand, right If you don’t mind, how about going with my friend Liu Xing He knows a lot about the inventions at the Science Festival, and he can introduce them to you.
I really hope you can accept my apology. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Tom写封邮件，因故不能与他一起去参加将举行的科技节并为他做介绍，向他表达歉意，解释原因并提出弥补措施。
详解】1.词汇积累
告知：tell → inform
与……相关：be connected with → be related to
确信的：sure → convinced/certain
回复：reply → answer
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：He knows a lot about the inventions at the Science Festival, and he can introduce them to you.
拓展句：He knows a lot about the inventions at the Science Festival, who can introduce them to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I can’t make it is that I must take an important exam that day, which is closely connected with my college application. (运用了why引导的限制性定语从句、that引导的表语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I’m very sorry to tell you that I can’t keep the appointment and go to the Science Festival with you this Sunday. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week, I was creating a picture book for my dad as his birthday gift. It was about our family’s grocery store (杂货店). There were lots of fruits in the store, so my pictures centered on apples, pears, grapes and any other fruit one could think of. I worked forever making each picture as perfect as possible. Every time I messed up, I started all over again, so the floor under the kitchen table was covered with half-finished drawings.
“Dad’s going to love this,” my mom said as she looked over my shoulder, “but it’s housework time now.” I was responsible for folding the clothes, and my little brother Ben, sweeping the floor. “And Amy, please remove the paper from the floor to the recycling bin in the yard when you finish your project,” my mom added.
I finished folding the clothes as fast as possible. Just as I was about to get back to the picture book, my friend Marry showed up.
“Hi, Amy! Want to go and play in the park ” she asked.
“I definitely would, but brrr…It’s freezing cold outside!”
“Exactly!” she said. “It’s the perfect weather for not getting overheated.”
That’s a cool thing about Marry. She has this way of looking on the bright side of pretty much anything.
So, we headed to the park. But as soon as we arrived there, the sky was filled with giant gray clouds and rain started pouring down. We had to go back, dripping wet.
Ben was taking out rubbish to the recycling bin when we stepped into the yard. And that’s when my heart pretty much stopped. Right there in the yard, in front of the recycling bin, was a box full of wet paper. And not just any piece of paper. That was my picture book.
注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
“Whoa! Wait! What ” I ran to rescue my birthday book drawings.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
At that time, Marry came up to me and gave me a comforting pat on the shoulder.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
“Whoa! Wait! What ” I ran to rescue my birthday book drawings. But it was too late. As I picked up my once-perfect pictures, they were totally wet and became useless paper. I cried in despair, “My drawings are gone forever!” It was just like a thunder from the clear sky. “How did they get out here in the rain ” I shouted. “I saw the cats knock some paper off the table.” said Ben hesitantly. “What did you do then ” “I just tried to recycle the paper on the floor.” Ben answered, embarrassed and nervous.
At that time, Marry came to me and gave me a comforting pat on the shoulder. I sobbed, “I have no birthday gift for Dad now.” Looking at the pictures about the grocery store carefully, Marry said, “Why not turn them into something new ” Hearing her words, an idea came to my mind. I rushed home with the pictures, took out some air-filled balloons and covered them with the wet pictures. To my surprise, the balloons were the perfect shape for big fruits. Soon, there was a big basket of “fruits”. And Dad loved this creative gift!
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事情节的发展为线索展开，讲述了作者在位自己的父亲创作一幅图画书作为生日礼物，在绘制的过程中有很多的半成品铺在桌子下的地板上，母亲提醒要做家务了，作者迅速收拾完衣物，这是朋友喊她去公园，于是，没有收拾自己的画作就去了公园，但是天开始下起大于，作者回到家时被淋透了，但是更让他心脏几乎停止的是，她的画作被Ben收拾家务时，放到了院子的回收箱里。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘哇！等等！什么？’我跑去救我的生日画册。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到的结果以及对此做出的反应是什么。
②由第二段首句内容“那时，玛丽向我走来，拍拍我的肩膀安慰我。”可知，第二段可描写玛丽是如何安慰作者的，作者又是如何做的。
2.续写线索：去救画册——与Ben争吵——玛丽安慰——有了好注意——重新创作——结果
3.词汇激活
行为类
①大哭：cry/burst into tears/burst out crying
②大声喊叫：shout/scream/speak loudly
③想起：e to one’s mind/sth. occurs to sb/sth. strike/hit sb.
情绪类
①绝望：in despair/hopelessly/depressed/frustrated
②惊讶：to one’s surprise/surprisingly/with amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1]As I picked up my once-perfect pictures, they were totally wet and became useless paper.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]Hearing her words, an idea came to my mind.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)
[高分句型3]I rushed home with the pictures, took out some air-filled balloons and covered them with the wet pictures.(运用了and连接多个连续性动词)
听力答案：1-5 BCACB 6-10 ACACB 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CACBA秘密★启用前【考试时间: 2023年7月9日16:00~18:00】
高中2022级第一学年末教学质量测试
英 语
本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分,其中试题卷共12页;答题卡共2页。满分150分,考试时间120分钟
注意事项:
1. 答题前,考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚,同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。
2. 选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上,如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案;非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效
3. 考试结束后将答题卡收回
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
回答听力部分时,先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案: C。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Buy a new bike. B. Ride a new bike. C. Repair a new bike.
2. How will the speakers return from the art gallery
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.
3. When did the movie start
A. At 7:45 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 8:15 pm.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Their favorite culture. B. Their weekend plan. C. Their schoolwork.
5. Where are the speakers
A In the library. B. In the restaurant. C. At home.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To make an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To borrow money.
7. How much is the rent now
A. $400. B. $600. C. $800.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What did Alex do this afternoon
A. He went to the bank. B. He bought a computer. C. He gathered plastic bottles.
9. How will Alex spend his money
A. Buy recycled resources. B. Build a rural school. C. Donate it to students.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. How do the speakers sound when they are talking
A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Confused.
11. Who is the woman’s favorite singer
A. Ed Sheeran. B. Taylor Swift. C. Beyoncé.
12. What will the man do next
A. Go to a class. B. Buy concert tickets. C. Order some takeout.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Why do people take an ethical trip
A. To support the tourism.
B. To develop national economy.
C. To preserve the local ecosystem.
14. What should people do in the destination
A. Feed the wildlife. B. Explore local customs. C. Buy fashionable goods.
15. What is most tourists’ attitude to ethical trips
A. Supportive. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors. B. Fellow students. C. Father and daughter.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What’s special about the hotel
A. It is made of ice. B. Roses cover its beds. C. It has breathtaking views.
18. What inspired the construction of the hotel
A. An exhibition held by a Frenchman.
B. Visit from people to the ice structure.
C. Adventurers’ sleeping in the ice structure.
19. Why is the hotel rebuilt every year
A. It changes every year. B. The ice melts in spring. C. It is only open in winter.
20. What can you do in the hotel
A. Watch movies. B. Display artworks. C. Study wildlife.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The British Museum
Gallery Art Session
National curriculum links
●Art & Design
About this session
Gallery Art sessions take place in one or more of the Museum’s galleries. Your students explore a theme chosen by you and are led by an artist-educator. The sessions reflect the diversity of world cultures through the British Museum’s collections.
Format: gallery workshop, Q&A, practical art-based activities, discussion
Capacity: 15 per group(max 30 students per day, split into 2 groups)
Duration: 90 minutes
Price: Free
In detail
●The session begins with an introduction to the Museum and its collections.
●The artist-educator will lead students through an exploration of the theme in several galleries.
●It concludes with a meeting which highlights the questions to ask when examining museum objects, the skills of recording information gathered in a museum and a summary of the key themes of the session.
Before your visit
●The purpose of the Museum visit, for example, collecting material for a particular project or examining objects from a particular culture or period, should be made clear before arrival and students should know the expected outcomes of the visit.
After your visit
●Your session and museum visit should be recorded, e. g. using digital cameras, notes and drawings so that further in depth research can be done.
Find out more
A selection of galleries below may be visited during the session.
●Room 25: Africa
●Room 26: North America
●Room 27: Asia
1. Who is the text intended for
A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. D. Artists.
2. Which of the following is required of students before the art session
A. Pay the tickets in groups. B. Plan the outcome with others.
C. Record the visit with notes. D. Know the purpose of the visit.
3. What can students do during the art session
A. Draw the collections. B. Choose some themes.
C. Visit various galleries. D. Introduce the Museum.
B
This morning, while tidying up my office, I found an open box of packaged chocolate cookies that I’d bought sometime last year. The use-by date had come and gone more than eight months ago. Curious, I took a small bite. They still tasted pretty good.
Welcome to the world of ultra-processed (超加工) foods. And we’re eating a lot of them. Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams. You might not realize you’re eating one, but look close and you’ll see many ingredients you wouldn’t find in your kitchen.
And a large and growing amount of evidence has consistently linked overconsumption of ultra-processed foods to poor health outcomes. “Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).
One reason ultra-processed foods likely lead to health issues seems obvious: They tend to be low in fiber and high in calories, salt, added sugar and fat, which are all linked with poor health outcomes when eaten too much.
Eventually, Gardner says the burden of making healthier food choices shouldn’t fall completely on consumers-especially when it comes to setting kids up for better health long term. “It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says.
4. What does the author want to say in the second paragraphs
A. Ultra-processed foods preserve the flavor long.
B. Ultra-processed foods have become a big part of our diet.
C. Convenience explains the popularity of ultra-processed foods.
D. A lot of health problems result from consumption of ultra-processed foods.
5. What does the underlined word “overconsumption” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Overproduction. B. Overselling. C. Overstore. D. Overeating.
6. What is a result of too much ultra-processed food in people’s lives
A. Fewer diseases. B. Health problems.
C. Dietary changes. D. Market competition.
7. What is Gardner’s suggestion for making kids healthier in the long term
A. Punish the food industry. B. Reduce kids’ consumption.
C. Unite efforts from all sides. D. Make smarter food choices.
C
Researchers are trying to explore creative ways to reduce e-waste. Now one team has invented a water-activated battery (水激活电池) made of paper and other sustainable materials.
Some e-waste is relatively large: old phones and air conditioners, for instance. Other e-waste is more unnoticeable, such as batteries. It’s these small batteries that are big problems. Nobody really pays attention to where they end up. Researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology are working to address this problem. They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.
A traditional battery is made of plastic, metal or other harmful materials. The paper battery works the same as a traditional battery. It has a positively charged (带电的) side, a negatively charged side, and a conductive material (传导材料) between the two. In the new battery, the positively and negatively charged sides are inks printed onto the front and back of a piece of paper. That paper is filled with salt, which dissolves (溶解) when the paper is wet. When the paper is dry, the battery is off. Once the paper is wet, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance worsens as the paper dries. When the scientists rewet the paper during testing, the battery begins to work again and lasts an hour before beginning to dry out again.
Although the researchers showed that their battery could power an alarm clock, it is unlikely to replace standard batteries now. It is hard to predict a time line for producing such batteries in a large number, but that future may not be so far off.
“This really starts with the development of sustainable materials,” Nystr m, the lead author, explains, “From there, I think we are able to create something that is quite useful.”
8. Why did the researchers invent the new batteries
A. To replace harmful batteries. B. To develop sustainable materials.
C. To power common devices. D. To make e-waste more noticeable.
9. In what aspect are the traditional and the new batteries different
A. Sizes. B. Usages. C. Materials. D. Functions.
10. What do we know about the paper used in the new batteries
A. It dries within 20 seconds. B. It can be used many times.
C. It has ink on the front side. D. It breaks easily in salt water.
11 What can be inferred about the new battery from the last two paragraphs
A. It stores huge power. B. It takes ages to make it.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It has a promising future.
D
Imagine a small lifestyle change that could both reduce your weight and risk of depression and boost your productivity. It’s as simple as getting up early on a regular basis. More interestingly, science is supporting it.
In a 2019 experiment by Monash University, night owls reported feeling less depression, stress and daytime sleepiness after their body clocks were brought forward by two hours across a three-week period.
Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls. According to those early birds, advantages of the morning include less distraction, more time and more space to think and get work done. There are fewer other people up, fewer phone calls, text messages, emails and more. Also, studies show our abilities, energy and mood are generally at their peak in the morning, including late morning.
How early is “early” Scientists haven’t yet determined an ideal, exact time to start and end the day. It is suggested that people should adjust sleep timing with the sun’s daily cycle and light. But it doesn’t mean to rise as soon as natural light first appears. Also, many of us suffer from sleep problems during the night that make rising early undesirable. And if you’re a natural owl, trying to change your pattern might not favor you.
Pay attention when you feel most energetic. While being an early riser may have benefits for your health, what’s more important is getting enough, quality sleep and keeping a regular pattern. Don’t set the alarm for 5:30 am if it means reducing overall sleep time. You could end up suffering from negative effects of sleep deprivation(缺乏), including a poorer mood and energy, less ability to concentrate, weight gain and more.
12. What do the underlined words “night owls” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. People who rise early. B. People who sleep late.
C. People who are depressed. D. People who are overweight.
13 What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. When our abilities are best. B. What advantages of mornings are.
C. Why early birds perform better. D. Who communicates in the morning.
14 What might happen to you if you set your alarm too early
A. You will lose some weight. B. You could have more work done.
C. You may find it hard to focus. D. You can see the first natural light.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Power of Rising Early. B. The Habits of Morning Types.
C. The Amount of Sleep Time. D. The Benefits of Lifestyle Changes.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to take charge as a parent, stop trying to control your child. By focusing on the reactions you have to your child’s behavior rather than the behavior itself, you can create conscious parent-child relationships. ____16____ Too often parents get caught up in unnecessary power struggles with their children, forgetting to connect with or understand them.
So, how can you be a more conscious parent
The first step is recognizing that shame and blame do not work. ____17____ It not only prevents you from connecting with your child but also prevents your child from connecting with their sense of inner security and worth. It’s better to view the parent-child relationship as a two-way partnership.
When your child refuses to eat carrots or clean their room, it’s easy to view this behavior as disrespectful. In fact, the child is not trying to disrespect you. ____18____ What you view as disrespectful often has more to do with your own feelings and experiences than your child’s behavior.
Parents can unknowingly write stories for their children about how they should behave and how their lives should look. You must recognize these fantasies first. Next, ask yourself, “Who would I be without this fantasy ” ____19____
The difference between being in charge and being in control means managing your child’s environment instead of trying to control the child’s every action. Do you want your child to eat fewer sweets ____20____ It’s better than repeatedly criticizing your child for eating cookies. Being aware of your child’s environment can better set you both up for understanding.
A. You are always sensitive.
B. The child is just being a child.
C. You should not keep candies in the house.
D. Conscious parenting doesn’t come naturally.
E. Shop wisely with your children in the supermarket.
F. A parenting model based on fear and punishment is harmful.
G. The expectations you hold about your kids often show your own desires.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I couldn’t have been better prepared for the talk, my first presentation as a college student. I had learned my speech ____21____ . The day before the talk, alone in my room, I felt ____22____ . But as soon as I was invited to the stage, I was overwhelmed by a fear I had ____23____ too many times before—the fear of getting ____24____ because of my stutter (口吃).
It began when I was a child. I felt ashamed and ____25____ as little as possible at school. I put a lot of ____26____ into math and science; in these subjects, I could ____27____ my teachers with written exams and reports rather than spoken ones.
But by the time I got to middle school, my stutter had made me a ____28____ for bullying (欺凌), which hurt my academic performance. ____29____ , I went to a cooking school, where I hoped my cooking would speak for itself.
I saw my future as a _____30_____ until a nutrition class, when the teacher’s lecture _____31_____ me of my love of science. I found that my thirst for learning more biology was _____32_____ than my fear of stuttering during oral exams. I started to work in a research lab and tried speech therapy (治疗). With the help of my therapist, I _____33_____ realized the real problem was not the stutter itself; it was my fear of stuttering. It took me about a year to _____34_____ during one weekly meeting that I love myself as I am.
Now, instead of _____35_____ public speeches, I actively seek opportunities to be on the stage. And if I happen to stutter along the way, so be it.
21. A. by heart B. on purpose C. by mistake D. on duty
22. A. nervous B. surprised C. confident D. energetic
23. A. forgotten B. experienced C. arranged D. considered
24. A. stuck B. broken C. lost D. bored
25. A. planned B. moved C. studied D. talked
26. A. feeling B. money C. power D. effort
27. A. interest B. embarrass C. satisfy D. disappoint
28. A. target B. celebrity C. hit D. leader
29. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Moreover
30. A. professor B. chef C. biologist D. director
31. A. warmed B. cured C. informed D. reminded
32. A. lighter B. stronger C. smaller D. longer
33. A. naturally B. immediately C. gradually D. frequently
34. A. speak out B. cut in C. take down D. put up
35. A. expecting B. avoiding C. improving D. doubting
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to animals in China, one iconic creature springs to mind: the black and white giant panda. This national animal is ____36____ (extreme) rare and protected by the Chinese government. In the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, also ____37____ (call) Chengdu Panda Base, you’ll be able to see these soft, clumsy (笨拙的) creatures carefully protected.
Chengdu Panda Base ____38____ (consider) an important institution for panda research nowadays. Built in 1987 to care for rescued wild pandas, the open-air reserve is one of China’s most popular ____39____ (destination). It is remarkably successful at introducing new pandas into wild populations and mainly focuses ____40____ the conservation of pandas.
Try to visit in the morning ____41____ the pandas are most active. Feeding takes place around opening time at 8 am, although you’ll see them eating in the late afternoon, too. Pandas spend most of their afternoons ____42____ (sleep), particularly during the height of midsummer.
As well as living, breathing pandas, there are some ____43____ (amaze) panda information centers and museums explaining how to protect pandas from ____44____ (extinct). A visit to the base is a perfect learning opportunity for adults and children alike to get closer to _____45_____ lovely creature.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友 Tom 约好一起去参加你校即将举行的科技节并为他做介绍，但你因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 提出弥补措施。
注意： 1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week I was creating a picture book for my dad as his birthday gift. It was about our family’s grocery store (杂货店). There were lots of fruits in the store, so my pictures centered on apples, pears, grapes and any other fruit one could think of. I worked forever making each picture as perfect as possible. Every time I messed up, I started all over again, so the floor under the kitchen table was covered with half-finished drawings.
“Dad’s going to love this,” my mom said as she looked over my shoulder, “but it’s housework time now.” I was responsible for folding the clothes, and my little brother Ben, sweeping the floor. “And Amy, please remove the paper from the floor to the recycling bin in the yard when you finish your project,” my mom added.
I finished folding the clothes as fast as possible. Just as I was about to get back to the picture book, my friend Marry showed up.
“Hi, Amy! Want to go and play in the park ” she asked.
“I definitely would, but brrr…It’s freezing cold outside!”
“Exactly!” she said. “It’s the perfect weather for not getting overheated.”
That’s a cool thing about Marry. She has this way of looking on the bright side of pretty much anything.
So, we headed to the park. But as soon as we arrived there, the sky was filled with giant gray clouds and rain started pouring down. We had to go back, dripping wet.
Ben was taking out rubbish to the recycling bin when we stepped into the yard. And that’s when my heart pretty much stopped. Right there in the yard, in front of the recycling bin, was a box full of wet paper. And not just any piece of paper. That was my picture book.
注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
“Whoa! Wait! What ” I ran to rescue my birthday book drawings.
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Paragraph 2:
At that time, Marry came up to me and gave me a comforting pat on the shoulder.
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听力答案：1-5 BCACB 6-10 ACACB 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CACBA
